AE3110

Aircraft Structures Lecture (Exercises)

Exercise

Determine the unknown reactions for each case:

10kN

A B

1m 1m

RA RB

Taking moments about point A

∑MA = 0 (clockwise +ive)

10 kN×1m – RB ×2m = 0

RB = 5 kN

∑Fy = 0

RA – 10 kN + 5 kN = 0

RA = 5 kN

8 kN 10 kN

A B

1m 1m 1m

RA RB

∑MA = 0 (clockwise +ive)

8 kN×1m + 10 kN ×2m – RB ×3m = 0

1
 RB = 9.33 kN

∑Fy = 0

RA – 8 kN – 10 kN + 9.33 kN = 0

RA = 8.67 kN

10 kN
A B
MA

2m

∑MA = 0 (clockwise +ive)

MA + 10 kN ×2m = 0

MA =-20 kNm

18 kN

A B

2m 1m

RA RB

Taking moments about point A

∑MA = 0 (clockwise +ive)

18 kN×3m – RB ×2m = 0

RB = 27 kN

∑Fy = 0

RA – 18 kN + 27 kN = 0

2
 RA = -9 kN

Determine Lw and Lt

Lw
Lt
-15 kN.m

1m 6m
100 kN

Taking moments about point W

∑MW = 0 (clockwise +ive)

-15 kNm+100 kN×1m – Lt ×7m = 0

Lt = 12.14 kN

∑Fy = 0

Lw – 100 kN + 12.14 kN = 0

Lw = 87.86 kN

Determine the load on the landing gear.

12 m
M
1m
RN 900 kN RM

Taking moments about point A

∑MN = 0 (clockwise +ive)

900 kN×12m – RM ×13m = 0

RM = 831 kN

3
 ∑Fy = 0

RN – 900 kN + 831 kN = 69 kN

Repeat the wing and tail load calculation assuming that the aircraft is in a 2-g
turn.

Lw
Lt
-15 kN.m

1m 6m
200 kN

Taking moments about point W

∑MW = 0 (clockwise +ive)

-15 kNm+200 kN×1m – Lt ×7m = 0

Lt = 26.4 kN

∑Fy = 0

Lw – 200 kN + 26.4 kN = 0

Lw = 173.6 kN

Repeat the landing gear load calculation assuming that the aircraft is braking
at 0.3 g. Assume the c.g. is 3 m above the ground.

M×a

12 m
M
1m
RN 900 kN RM

M = W/g

4
 = 900000/9.81

= 91743 kg

Ma = 91743 × 0.3 × 9.81

= 270kN

Taking moments about point N

∑MN = 0 (clockwise +ive)

900 kN×12m – RM ×13m – 270 kN × 3m = 0

RM = 768 kN

∑Fy = 0

RN – 900 kN + 768 kN = 132 kN

Frames
Ay A
Ax

1m

Bx

C 1kN
B 1m

Find the reactions

Taking moments about point B

∑MW = 0 (clockwise +ive)

Ax × 1 m +1 kN×1m = 0

Ax = -1 kN

5
 ∑Fy = 0

Ay – 1 kN = 0

Ay = 1 kN

∑Fx = 0

-1 kN + Bx = 0

Bx = 1 kN

Consider the forces at C

Tanθ = 1/1

Θ = 45º θ

∑Fy = 0 FCB
1 kN

FCA×sin45º - 1 = 0

FCA=1.41 kN

∑Fx = 0

-Fca × cos 45º - FCB = 0

FCB = -1 kN

Consider the Forces at B FAB

∑Fy = 0

FAB= 0 1 kN 1 kN

Determine FCA, FDA, FDB

6
 C
E
FCA

FDA
θ
G
FDB
D F

1kN

Taking moments about point D

∑MW = 0 (clockwise +ive)

-FCA × 1 m +1 kN×2m = 0

FCA = 2 kN

Tanθ = 1/1

Θ = 45º

∑Fy = 0

FDA×sin45º - 1 = 0

FDA=1.41 kN

∑FX = 0

-2 kN – 1.41 kN × cos 45º - FDB= 0

FDB = -3 kN