#CRIME SCENE
INVESTIGATION
SHERLOCK INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE INDIA (SIFS INDIA)
Crime Scene Investigation
!! WHAT IS CRIME !!
* The word Crime is derived from the Latin root Cerno, meaning "I
Decide, I Give Judgment.
* Crime is the breach of Rules or Laws for which some Governing
Authority (via mechanisms such as legal systems) can Ultimately
Prescribe a Conviction.
#Crime Scene Investigation
!! PROSPECTUS !!
Module-1: Crime Scene Investigations
Module-2: Physical Evidence
Module-3: Investigation Techniques
Module-4: Glass Evidence
Module-5: Soil Evidence
Module-6: Paint Evidence
Module-7: Tool Marks and Impressions
Module-8: Fiber
#Crime Scene Investigation
!! CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION !!
* Based on the Scientific Method and the Locard Exchange Principle, Logic and
Forensic Techniques Involve
* Recognition- Scene Survey, Documentation, Collection
* Identification- Comparison Testing
* Individualization- Evaluation and Interpretation
* Reconstruction- Reporting and Presenting
Goals are to determine the following…
* What happened
* Where did it happen
* When did it happen
* Why did it happen
* Who may have perpetrated these actions
* How was the incident carried out
#Crime Scene Investigation
!! TYPE OF CRIME SCENE !!
INDOOR CRIME SCENE: Evidence at an indoor scene is generally less
susceptible to loss, contamination and deleterious change. Indoor
crime scenes are usually easier to secure and protect, and securing
a scene can be as simple as closing a door.
OUTDOOR CRIME SCENE: The outdoor crime scene is the most
vulnerable to loss, contamination, and deleterious change of
physical evidence in a relatively short period of time. Individuals
with access to the scene can potentially alter, destroy or
contaminate evidence.
#Crime Scene Investigation
!! TYPE OF EVIDENCE !!
* Direct Evidence that (if true) proves an alleged fact; includes first
hand observations such as eyewitness accounts. Confessions are
also considered direct evidence. Also police dash videos
* Circumstantial Evidence is indirect evidence that can be used to
imply a fact but that does not directly prove it; but circumstantial
evidence at a crime scene may provide a link between the crime
scene and the suspect.
* Circumstantial evidence can be either physical or biological in
nature.
#Crime Scene Investigation
!! PHYSICAL EVIDENCE !!
PHYSICAL EVIDENCE includes impressions such as…
* Fingerprints
* Footprints
* Shoe Prints
* Tire Impressions
* Tool Marks
* Fibers
* Weapons
* Bullets
* Cartridge Cases.
#Crime Scene Investigation
!! BIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE !!
BIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE includes…
* Body Fluids
* Hair
* Plant Parts
* Natural Fibers.
#Crime Scene Investigation
!! THE 7th CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION !!
* Securing the Scene
* Separating the Witnesses
* Scanning the Scene
* Seeing the Scene
* Sketching the Scene
* Searching for Evidence
* Securing & Collecting Evidence
#Crime Scene Investigation
!! SECURING & COLLECTING EVIDENCE !!
1:Evidence can be massive to Microscopic.
2: May only be detected in a Crime Lab, ex. traces of Blood on
Clothing, Hair and Fibers from Vacuum Sweeps.
3: It is sometimes necessary to confiscate clothing from victim and
perp.
4: Critical areas should be vacuumed; sweepings from different
areas must be kept separate.
5: Finger nail scrapings must also be taken from suspects and
victims.
#Crime Scene Investigation
!! SECURING & COLLECTING EVIDENCE !!
All Evidence Needs to be Properly Packaged, Sealed and Labeled.
The Evidence log should contain all Pertinent Information Including:
* Case No
* Item Inventory No
* Description of the Evidence
* Name of Suspect
* Name of Victim
* Date & Time of Recovery
* Signature of Person Recovering the Evidence
* Signature of any Witnesses Present
Thank You…
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