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Lec 4

The document defines composite functions and provides examples. It then defines hyperbolic functions using exponential functions. The remainder of the document contains graphs and explanations of functions relevant to applied calculus, including the maximum power point of a circuit and conclusions about resistance and power.

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Ahmad Jutt
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© © All Rights Reserved
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27 views

Lec 4

The document defines composite functions and provides examples. It then defines hyperbolic functions using exponential functions. The remainder of the document contains graphs and explanations of functions relevant to applied calculus, including the maximum power point of a circuit and conclusions about resistance and power.

Uploaded by

Ahmad Jutt
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lec-4 (Applied Calculus) B.Sc.

Engineering 1st Semester

Composite Function:
If "f" and "g" are functions then composite function 𝑓𝑜𝑔 is
defined as 𝑓𝑜𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑔(𝑥) ).
e.g
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 and 𝑔(𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 + 1
𝑓𝑜𝑔(𝑥 ) = 𝑓 (𝑔(𝑥 )) = 𝑓 (2𝑥 + 1) = (2𝑥 + 1)2
𝑔𝑜𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑔(𝑓(𝑥 )) = 𝑔(𝑥 2 ) = 2𝑥 2 + 1
𝑓𝑜𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑓(𝑓(𝑥 )) = 𝑓(𝑥 2 ) = (𝑥 2 )2 = 𝑥 4
𝑔𝑜𝑔(𝑥 ) = 𝑔(𝑔(𝑥 )) = 𝑔(2𝑥 + 1) = 2(2𝑥 + 1) + 1 = 4𝑥 + 3

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Engr. Riaz Ahmad Rana Assistant Professor FOE UCP Lahore Page 1 of 15
Lec-4 (Applied Calculus) B.Sc. Engineering 1st Semester

Hyperbolic Functions: Hyperbolic functions are defined as:

𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 −𝑥
𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ𝑥 =
2 2
𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 −𝑥
𝑡𝑎𝑛ℎ𝑥 = 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑥 = 𝑥
𝑒 + 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑒 − 𝑒 −𝑥
2 2
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑥 = 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑥 = 𝑥
𝑒 − 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑒 + 𝑒 −𝑥

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Lec-4 (Applied Calculus) B.Sc. Engineering 1st Semester

Graphs of Functions

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Lec-4 (Applied Calculus) B.Sc. Engineering 1st Semester

100𝑅
𝑃=
(0.50 + 𝑅)2

Conclusions:
(i) The maximum power of 50 W occurs when resistance R=0.5 ohm
(ii) P decreases as R increases beyond 0.5 ohm
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