REVISION BOOKLET

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
HOME ASSIGNMENT-1
SOLUTIONS

1. (B) Factual
2. (C) Na2CO3.10H2O
3. (C) Fe  s  +S  s   FeS  s  . iron sulphide
A chemical change has taken place
FeS  2HCl  FeCl+H 2S (smell of rotten eggs)
Iron has converted to iron sulphide and cannot be separated with a magnet.
‘S’ is soluble in CS2, not FeS.
1105
4. (B) 1Pa  atm
1.01325
20 105
20 Pa  atm  19.738 105atm  1.9738 104 atm
1.01325
5. (D) 1 Pound = 453.6  10–3 kg
280 Pounds = 280  453.6  10–3 kg = 127.008 kg
6. (B) Factual
7. (A) By defintion
8. (C) By definition
9. (D)
10. (D)
11. (B)
12. (B) Factual
13. (D) Mass of a given amount of substance is a constant quantity.
14. (B) 4M
15. (C) CO2g  C  s   2COg 
1 Volume of CO2 will to form 2 Volume of CO
1-V + 2V= 1.4
V = 0.4 L
Volume of CO2 left = 1 – 0.4 = 0.6 L
Volume of CO formed = 2 × 0.4 = 0.8 L
16. (D) 2NaCl  H 2SO4  NaSO4  2H 2O
xg 9.8 12g 3.65g
x  12  3.65  9.8  5.85g (law of conservation of mass)
17. (A) CH4g  2O2g  CO2g  2H2Og
1 volume 2volume
4 1
nCH4  
16 4
1 1
Volume of mole of CH4 at STP =  22.4  5.6L
4 4
Volume of oxygen required = 2  volume of CH 4  2  5.6  11.2L

1
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
18. (A) Na2CO3 + 2NaHCO3  2 Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O
x (2 – x) x+y 0.12g
By law of conservation of mass
x  y  0.12  2
x  y  2  0.12  1.88g
2NaHCO3  Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2
(2 – x) y 0.12g
84 g of NaHCO3 on decomposition yields Na2CO3 = 53 g
53
(2 – x)g of NaHCO3 on decomposition yields Na2CO3 =  2  x
84
53
y 2  x
84
x  y  1.88
3 2  x
x  1.88
84
84x 106  53x  1.8884
31x  51.92
51.92
x  1.67g
31
1.67
% of NaCO3 in the sample  100  83.74%
2
19. (D) Let CH 4  v ml C2 H 4  1.5Vml C3H8  2.5Vml
V  1.5V+2.5V=10 ml V  2 ml
Volume of CH4 = 2ml
Volume of C2H4 = 3 ml
Volume of C3H8 = 5 ml
CH 4  2O2  2CO2  2H 2O
2ml 4 ml 2ml
C2 H 4  3O2  2CO2  2H 2O
3ml 9ml 6ml
C3H8  5O2  3CO2  4H 2O
5ml 25ml 15ml
Total volume of O2 used = 4 + 9 + 25 = 38 ml
Totals volume of CO2 formed = 2 + 6 + 15 = 23 ml
55
20. (D)  142  18n   18n
100
78.1 + 9.9n = 18 n
n = 9.64  10

21. (D) Li2CO3   Li2O + CO2
1 mole 1 mole

Na2CO3  no reaction
2NaHCO3  Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O
1 mole 0.5 mole

2
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 Total CO2 formed = 1 + 0.5 = 1.5 mol
22. (D) Ca3P2 + 6H2O  3Ca(OH)2+ 2PH3
nPH 3  2 nCa3 P2  2  1  2
23. (B) VD = 60; M = 120 u
24. (B) Mass % No. of moles Molar ratio Simple ratio Simple ratio
X 50 50/10 5 10 2
Y 50 50/20 5/2 5 1
Formula X2Y
40 13.3 46.7
25. (C) C :H :N  : :  1: 4 : 7
12 1 14
 EF  CH H N
26. (D) Element Mass No. of moles Molar ratio
Al 9 9/27 = 1/3 1
Cl 35.5 35.5/35.5 = 1 3
Empirical formula = AlCl3
27. (D) Element Mass No. of moles Molar ratio
I 254 254/127 = 2 2
O 80 80/16 = 5 5
Empirical formula = I2O5
28. (D) 3BaCl2 + 2Na3PO4  Ba3(PO4)2+ 6 NaCl
0.5 mole 0.20 mole
2 2 1
n Na 3PO4 require = ×n BaCl2 =  0.5   0.33
3 3 3
But Na3PO4 is limited
1 1
n Ba 3 (PO 4 )2 formed = n Na3PO4 reacted =  0.2  0.1
2 2
29. (D) III. step gives 50% yield
 to get 2 moles of NH3 we require 2 moles of CaCN2
II. Step gives 100% yield
 to get 2 moles of CaCN2 we need 2 moles as CaC2
I. set I gives 50% yield.
 To get 2 moles of CaC2 we need 4 moles of C
30. (C) 64g of CaC2 will yield 28g of the polymer
28
20 kg of CaC2 will yield polymer =  20 103
64
 8750g  8.75kg
31. (C) Z2O3 + 3H2  2Z + 3H2O
Let atomic weight of the metal be X
0.2
nZ2O3 
2  48
12 103
nH 2   6 103
2
1 1
nZ2O3 used  nH2   6 103  2 103
3 3
X = 26 g mol–1
32. (B) P4 S3 HO2  P4O10  3SO2
3
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 440 384
P S   2;O2   12
4 3
220 32
O2 is in the  P4O10
1 3
L. Rproduced  12   1.5
8 2
Mass of P4O10 = 1.5  284 = 426 g.
2 2
33. (C) nKClO3  nO2   0.03  0.02
3 3
Mass of KClO3 = 0.02 122.5 = 2.45
2.45
% Purity  100  49%
5
 5   0.19  M y    0.03  80   4.40
4  M X 5.62
34. (D) 
6 16 4.38
5.62  4  6
MX   30.79
4.38
35. (C) Molality is number of moles of solute present in 1 kg of solvent.
Mass of the substance does not change on heating but volume does.
36. (C) H2SO4 + Ca(OH)2  CaSO4 + 2H2O
68
nCaOH    0.5
2
136
nH 2 SO4 required = 0.5
n 0.5
V 1000  1000  5000 mL  5.0 L
M 0.1
M V 0.1 50
37. (C) nH2C2O4 .2 H2O    0.005
1000 1000
Mass of H2C2O4.2H2O = 0.005  126 = 0.63 g
M V 1.55  30
38. (C) nKOH    0.0465
1000 1000
1 1
nH SO required = nKOH   0.0465  0.02325
2 4
2 2
n 0.02325
M  1000  1000  1.25M
V 18.6
39. (C) 2NaOH + FeCl3  Fe(OH)3 + 3NaCl
1.425
nFeOH    0.0133
3
107
nFeCl3  0.0133
0.0133
M 1000  00.13
100
mass 1120
40. (C) Volume of solution =  mL
density 1.15

4
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 120
n urea  2
60
n 2 1.15
M= 1000  1000 = 2.05 M
V 1120
41. (B) M3V3 = M1V1 + M2V2 (V3 = V1 + V2)
M1V1 +M 2 V2 3  25  75  4 375
M3     3.75M
 V1 +V2  25  75 100
42. (A) Let mass of solution = 100 g
Mass of H2C2O4 = 22.5 g
22.5
n H 2 C2 O 4 
90
m 100
Vol =  ml
d 1.5
n 22.5 1.5
M  1000  1000  3.75M
V 90 100
43. (D) nsolute = 1
Molecules of solute = 6.022  1023 (NA)
nH 2O  55.55
nmolecules of water = 55.55  6.022  1023 55.55 (NA)
Total no. of molecules = NA + 55.55 NA = 56.55 NA
W1
44. (A) m= 1000
M1×V
W1×1000
V=
M1m
W1×103× W1×103 
Mass of solution = V  P = g kg
M1m M1m×103
W1 W1
m 
 W W   M1 
M1  1  1  W1  
 M1M 1000   M 1000 
1 1000M
m 
 M 1000   M1M
 1
M 1000
0.2
45. (A) 0.4 
0.2  n1
0.4n1 + 0.08 = 0.2
0.2  0.08
n1   0.3
0.4
46. (D) nurea = n2 = 3
1000
n H2O =n1   55.55
18
3
x2   0.05
3  55.55

5
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
47. (D) Let mass of solution be 100 g
Mass of H2SO4 = 29 g
29
n H2SO4 
98
n
M= 1000
V
n 29 1000
V= 1000  mL
M 98  3.6
48. (C) In 100 g of solution
Mass of NaOH = 19.7 g (19.7%)
Mass of H2O = 80.3 g (80.3%)
In 200 g of solution
19.7
Mass of NaOH =  200  39.4 g
100
80.3
Mass of water =  200  160.6 g
100
49. (D) H2SO4 + 2NaOH  Na2SO4 + 2H2O
M×V 110 1
n NaOH     0.01
1000 1000 100
1 0.01
n H 2SO 4 required = n NaOH   0.005
2 2
n 0.005
VH2SO4  1000  1000  5mL
M 1
50. (A) ppm = m%  104 = 60.25  104
= 602500 ppm
51. (C) X  2Y  32  XY2 Z 3
5 1
 X    0.08
60 12
1.15 1023
Y   0.19
6.022 1023
 Z  0.03
Z is the limiting reagent.
2
0.03 moles of Z react with  0.03mole of Y on 0.01moleof X
3
 0.01 60   0.02  MY    0.03 80  4.4
0.6  0.02M Y  2.4  4.4
1.4
MY   70 u
0.02
52. (B) 12  cs   11H2  s  H2O2  g   C12 H 22O11  s 
84
C  7
12
12
H  6
2
2

6
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 56
O   2.5
2
22.4
O2 is the limiting reagent
1
C12 H 22O11
formed  2.5
5.5
2.5
Mass of sucrose formed =  342  155.5g
5.5
53. (B) P4 S3  8O2  P4O10  3SO2
440
P4S3  2
220
384
O2   12
32
O2 is in the L.R.
1
P O formed  12  1.5
4 10
8
P O 
Mass of 4 10 1.5  284  426 g
54. (B) 2X + 3Y  X2Y3
Let ‘a’ g be the mass of X and Y taken
a
nX 
36
a
nY 
24
Since both X and Y are completely consumed none is the limiting reagent.
2a a
n X 2Y2 formed  
144 72
 No. of moles of product is half the number of moles of X taken.
55. (A) P4S3 + 8O2  P4O10 + 3SO2
nP4O10 produced = nP4 S3
1
nP4O10 in 1 g of salt 
284
1 3
nSO2 produced = 3  nP4O14  3  
284 284
3
Mass of SO2 produced will be   64  0.676 g
284
1
 First find nSO2 req 
64
1 1
nP S used  
4 3
3 64
1 220
Mass of P4S3 required   1.145 g
3  64
1 284
Mass of P4O10 produced  nP4O10  284   1.479 g
3  64
56. (A) AgNO3 + NaCl  NaNO3 + AgCl
1.7
 AgNO   0.01
3
170

7
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 1.17
NaCl   0.02
58.5
AgNO3 is the limiting reagent.
 AgCl formed =  AgnlO3 used = 0.01  143.5 = 1.435 g
Total mass after the reaction = 1.435 g of AgCl + 0.85 g of NaNO3 + 0.585 g of NaCl = 2.87 g
“Law of conservation of mass- verified”
57. (D) N3v3 = N1V1 + N2 V2
V3 = V1 + V2
N1V1  N 2V2 0.2  20  0.1 30 4  3 7
N3 =   
V1  V2 50 50 50
N3 = 0.14 N
58. (B) mEq of NaOH = 1  1000 = 1000
mEq of HCl = 0.1  100 = 10
mEq of NaOH left after reaction = 1000 – 10 = 990
Total volume of solution = 100 mL
990
N NaOH left   9.90
100
59. (A) 2mX + nO2  2 XmOn
(Eq)X = ( Eq )O2
2m  A
 n 4 (A  Atomic mass of X)
E
n  4  E 2En
A= A 
2m m
60. (A) M + O2  oxide
Xg (Y – X)g Yg
E  q metal  (Eq)O2
X YX

E 8
8X
E=
(Y  X)
61. (B) Basicity  The number of moles of ‘H’ ions released in aqueous solution per mole of the acid.
Only the H atom attached to the ‘O’ will be released as ions in the aqueous solution because of
the difference in the EN of oxygen and hydrogen.

M
62. (A) Equivalent mass =
n factor
For NH3
M1 = E1  3
For N2
M2 = E2  6

8
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 M1 M 2
E1 – E2 = 
3 6
2M1  M 2
E1 – E2 =
6
H3BO3 or B (OH)3 + H2O   B(OH) 4   H
 
63. (C)
. H3BO3 causes ionization of water and the aqueous solution is acidic.
. 1 Mole of water molecules are ionized per mole of acid.
 H3BO3 is mono basic.
64. (A) (Eq) M (NO3 )n  (Eq) M 2 (SO4 )n
WM (NO3 )n WM 2 (SO4 )n


Eq wt of M  Eq wt of NO 3 E wt of M  E wt of SO42
1.0 0.86

62 96
E E
1 2
1 0.86

E  62 E  48
E = 38
65. (A) Valency of metal = 3
M = E  nfactor = G  3 = 274
66. (B)  g.Eq Metal   g.Eq H 2

1.2 1.12
 2
E 22.4
E = 12
67. (C)  g.Eq Metal carbonate   g.Eq H SO 2 4

0.84 1
  40 103
E 2
E = 42
6.4
68. (C) Approx. at wt.  25.6
0.25
25.6
 12
nfactor
25.6
nfactor   2.12  2
12
Exact at wt. = 2  12 = 24
69. (B) Approximate atomic mass  0.1 = 6.4
6.4
Approximate atomic mass =  64
0.1
64
nfactor   2.0125  2
31.8
At. Wt. = E  2 = 31.8  2 = 63.64
70. (C) Metal has valency = 2; atomic mass = M
 g.Eq H 2
  g.Eq Metal Chloride
71 111

35.5 M  35.5
2

9
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 M + 71 = 111
M = 111 – 71 = 40 u
71. (A) H 2SO4  SO3  H 2O  2H 2SO4
100 g of sample contains 9g H 2O
1 1
mole of water will dissolve mole of SO3 which will have vol 11.2L at S.T.P
2 2
72. (A) Vol strength of H2O2 = N  5.6 = 1.5  5.6 = 8.4
 y y
73. (B) C x H y   x    x CO 2  H 2O
 4 2
10 mL 80 mL
Vol of CO2 = 70 – 50 = 20 mL
Vol of CO2 formed = 2  Vol of CxHy used
x=2
 There is 50 mL of unreacted O 2
Vol of O2 reacted = 80 – 50 = 30 mL
y
x 3
4
y
 3 2 1
4
y=4

cz 2   0.2  12    0.2  12    0.1 2  12    0.1 22 

1 1
74. (D) 
2
 2
1
 1.0  0.5
2
75. (C) Factual
76. (D) It is a disproportionation reaction
0
Br 2  Br  [Reduction]
+5
Br2  Br O3 [Oxidation]
77. (A) Millimoles = M  V in mL = 0.10  100 = 10
Milliequivalents = M  nfactor  V = 0.10  2  100 = 20
78. (AB)
79. (C) 98% by weight means 98g of H2SO4 in 100g of solution.
Now, given density of solution = 1.84 gm/cm3
Mass of solution 100
= 1.84  Vol. of solution =  54.34
Vol. of solution 1.84
98 / 98
Molarity = 1000  18.4 M .
54.34
80. (C) If equal weights of NaCl & KCl are dissolved separately in equal volume of solution.  of less M.
Mass hence, NaCl has high molarity.
81. (B) 10% strength  10 gm of glucose 0.10 in 1000 mL of solution
Now, 2 gm mol. = 2  180 g of glucose = 360 gm of glucose.
10 gm of glucose in 100 mL of solution.
1000
 360 gm of glucose in =  360  3.6 L
0.10
82. (B) Mass of solution = 10 + 150 = 160 gm.
10
Mass =  100  6.25%
160
83. (B) Given mass of H2SO4 = 29 gm. ; Mass of sol. = 100 gm

10
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 Now, M= 3.6, w = 29. M. Mass of H2SO4 = 98 gm.
29 / 98
Let volume of sol. be V  3.6 =  V  82.1 mL
V
100
 density of solution =  1.22
82.1
84. (C)
85. (C) 1 cm3 ––– 1.17 gm.
1000 cm3 –––– 1170 gm
1170
M=  32.05
36.5
1L
86. (B) 1 M of H2SO4 has 1 mole of H2SO4 in vol. of solution (i.e.vol. of H2SO4 + vol.of water) whereas 1 m
of H2SO4 solution has 1 mole of H2SO4 in only mass of solvent. So, denominator is less in 1 M of
H2SO4 sol. Therefore, conc. of H2SO4 is more.
n1 W1 18
87. (A) 0.15   0.15 = 
n2 W2 98
15  98 W1 W1
    0.8167
18 W2 W2
W1
M1 0.8161
M= 1000   8.9 m.
M2 90
720
88. (A) Let volume be 1 L ; M = 18  40 M
1
Mass of CaCO 3 10
89. (D) Conc. in ppm = 10 6  10 6  10 4 ppm
Mass of Solution 1000
90. (D) 15%(w/v) means 15g of H2SO4 in 100mL of solution.
Mass of Sol. M
Now, density of solution =  1.1   M  110 g.
Vol. of Sol. 100
Mass of solved = 110 – 15 = 95g
15
Molarity = 98  1000  1.6m
95
91. (A) 3M sol.  3 moles of Na2S2O3 in 1L of solution
w
3=  w  475 g.
150
Mass of sol . M
Now, density of sol. =  1.58   M  1580 g
Vol. of sol . 1000
474
w/w% = 100  30%
1580
92. (B) Because Molarity depends on temperature
93. (A) 3 M sol. Of Na2S2O3  3 mole of Na2S2O3 in 1000 ml of sol.
m
Now molality of Na2S2O3 =
wt.of solvent (kg)
Wt. of solution = Msolution  Vol. of solution. = 1.58  1000 = 1580 g.
Wt. of solute = 3  M. Mass of Na2S2O3 = 474 g.
 Wt. of solvent = 1580 – 474 = 1106 g.
11
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 3
 m of Na2S2O3 = 1000  2.7 m
1106
Now m of [Na+] = 2  2.7 m = 5.4 m
94. (A) 98 % H2SO4 sol.  98 g of H2SO4 in 100 g of solution.
98 100
m H2SO 4   1; Vol. of solution =  55.5 mL
98 1.8
1000
Now, M =  18 M
55.5
Using M1V1 = M2V2  18  V1 = 1000 ml  0.1 = 5.55 mL.
95. (A) 3 moles of NaOH in 100 g of solution.
W
3=  Wt. of NaOH = 120 g.
M.mass of NaOH
Wt. of solution = 1000 + 120 = 1120.
3
 Molarity = 1000  2.9732 M
1000
6
8
96. (C) 8 gms of KOH =  0.14 N ; 6 gms of NaOH  40  1000  1.5 N
56 100
0.5 M of H2SO4  1 N of H2SO4
w
97. (B) neq( K 2Cr2O7 )  neg . ( Mohr ' salt ).  294  0.75  0.6 1  w  22.05 g.
6
X X
98. (B) 2   x  3.2
1000 x  12.8
x
78
99. (C) Let total no. of moles = 1
Moles of C2H5OH = 0.25
Mass of C2H5OH = 0.25  46 = 11.5g
nH2O  0.75
Mass of water = 0.75  18 = 13.5g
wC2H5OH
w/w % of C2H5OH  100
wsoln
11.5
 100
11.5  13.5
11.5
 100  46%
25
100. (B) Vol. strength = N  5.6
20
N=  3.58
5.6
101. (C) H3PO3 is dibasic while KOH is monoacidic
na M aVa  nb M bVb
2  0.1 20  1 0.1 Vb or Vb = 40 mL
102. (B) 3Fe  4H 2O  Fe3O4  4H 2
 Eq Fe   Eq H 2

3  56
 4 2
E
E = 21
12
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
103. (B) If C2O24   0.5M
 Eq MnO   Eq C O

4 2
2
4

 0.1 5  20   0.5  2  V

V = 10 mL
If C2O24   0.1M

 0.1 5  20   0.1 2  V

V = 50 mL
104. (C)  Eq MnO 
4
  Eq FeC O
2 4

n 5  1 3
3
n
5
105. (A) For the redox reaction
 Eq KHC O 2 4
  Eq KMnO
4, H

x
 2  0.02  5 100 103
128
x  0.64g
For the acid base reaction
 Eq KHC O
2 4
  Eq KMnO
4

y
 2  0.05  2 100 103
128
x  0.64g
98
106. (A) H3PO4  H2 PO4 ; nfactor  1  E   98
1
98
H3PO4  HPO4 ; nfactor  2  E   49
2
98
H3PO4  PO34 ; nfactor  3  E   32.67
3
RTb2
T
107. (A) Kb  or Kb 
1000  lv m
108. (C) T f  i  K f  m . As Kf and m are same for all given solutions
T f  i and i for KCl = 2; for C6H12O6, i = 1; for Al2(SO4)3, i = 5 and for K2SO4, i = 3.
Hence, Al2(SO4)3 will show largest freezing point depression.
109. (A)
 Eq CaOH 2
  Eq H SO
2 4

3
M  2  25  10  2  21.58
M  0.8632 103
M of CaSO4 = 0.8632  10–3  M of CaCO3
0.8632 103 100
ppm  106  86.32
1000
110. (A) RH 2  Ca 2  RCa  2 H 
PH = 2
 H    102

13
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 102
Ca 2  
2
0.5 102  40 106
Hardness =  200
103
111. (D)  Eq Ba MnO    Eq H O  1 2 100 103  0.2
4 2 2 2

0.2
nBa MnO4    0.1
2
2
Mass of Ba  MnO4 2  0.1 375  37.5g
37.5
% purity = 100  25%
150
112. (D) K 2Cr2O7  2 H 2 SO4  2 KHSO4  2CrO3  3H 2O
2KCl  H2 SO4  2KHSO4  2HCl   2
CrO3  2HCl  CrO2Cl2  H2O  2
K 2Cr2O7  4 KCl  6 H 2 SO4  2CrO2Cl2  6 KHSO4  3H 2O
113. (A)

Balanced oxidation half reaction is:

UO2  H2O  UO22  2H   2e .....i 
Balanced reduction half reaction is:
Cr2O72  14H   6e  2Cr 3  7H2O ....ii 
Multiply equation (i) by 3 and add to Equation (ii), we have
3UO2  Cr2O72  8H   3UO22  2Cr 3  4H2O ......iii 
Thus, the coefficients are x = 3 ; y = 8 and z = 2, i.e., option (A) is correct.
Thus, equation (iii) represents balanced redox reaction equation. Therefore, coefficients are
x = 3 ; y = 8 and z = 2, i.e., option (A) is correct.
114. (D) Reduction half reaction – ……..
MnO4  8H   5e  Mn2  4H2O ........i 
3
4
2
Oxidation half reaction: C2O 4  CO2
Balance C atoms: C2O4  2CO2 .......  ii 
2

Balance O.N. by adding 2e– to R.H.S. of equation (ii), we have,

C2O42  2CO2  2e .....iii 
Charge is automatically balanced.
To cancel electrons, multiply Eq. (i) by 2 and Eq. (iii) by 5 and adding, we have,
2 MnO4  5C2O42  16 H   2Mn 2  10CO2  8H 2O
Here, x = 2, y = 5, z = 16. Thus, option (D) is correct.
115. (D) The redox reaction involving the oxidation of Fe2+ (from ferrous ammonium sulphate) is:
MnO 4  5Fe 2  8H   5Fe3  Mn 2  4H 2O
Mol. wt. of ferrous ammonium sulphate, (NH4)2SO4.6H2O = 392
Wt. 1000 3.92 1000
 Molarity of (NH4)2SO4.6H2O      0.1
Mol wt. Volume 392 100

14
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 M1V1
Applying molarity equation, (ferrous amm. Sulphate)
n1
M 2 V2
(KMnO4)
n2
0.1 20 M 2 18 0.1 20 M
or  or M2  
5 1 5 18 45
1
Amount of KMnO4 present in one litre = Molarity  Mol. wt.  158  3.51g
45
Since 3.476g is close to 3.51g, therefore, option (D) is correct.
116. (B) Dust particle in air an example of solid in gas.
117. (A) Solubility of NaCl increases on heating.
118. (D) Saturated vapour pressure.
119. (C) Vapour pressure depends on T.
120. (A) At saturation and for a particular temperature O2, solubility of O2 is more than that of N2.
Therefore, O2 is more soluble.
121. (A) PN 2  PT  N 2 (in air) = 5  0.8 = 4atm
PN 2  K H  N 2 (in sol)
4
  N2
105
 N2  4 105
nN2
 4 105
nN2  10
n2  4  105 10  4 10 4
593 760
122. (B) 4
  M  6.79 10 4 at 760 nm
5.310 Molarity
123. (C) Ocean water differs in temperature and salinity with warm, relatively non-salty water found at the
surface, and very cold salty water found deeper below the surface layer. We know that solubility
increases with decrease in temperature. Therefore, solubility of Kr(aq) should increase as temperature
decreases with temperature.
124. (D) PT  400 mm of Hg
 A  0.4
pA0 1

pB0 6
PT  PA0  A  PB0  B
400  PA0  0.4  6 PA0  0.6
400  0.4 PA0  3.6 PA0
400
PA0   100 mm of Hg
4
PA  PA0   A  100  0.4 = 40 mm
125. (B) Factual
PA
126. (D) PS = 96x + 24x; yA = & PA = x96. [where xA = xB = x]
PS
96x 96x
 yA =   0.8
96x  24x 120x
15
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
127. (B) Equal kinetic energy
128. (B) The vapour of solution will get lowered on adding non-volatile solute.
129. (A) PA  x A p A0  PA.  x A
130. (A) Positive deviations from Raoult’s Law
ΔVmixing  0 & ΔH mixing > 0
131. (C) Vapour pressure of solution of given components will be more than the vapour pressure of pure liquids.
132. (B) C2H5Cl and C6H5OH does not form ideal solutions.
133. (D) Azeoteropes are also known as constant boiling mixtures and they cannot be separated by fractional
distillation.
134. (D) Liquid solutions showing positive deviations form minimum boiling azeotropes.
135. (C) ΔS mixing   ve for ideal solutions.
136. (B) Mixtures showing negative deviations Raoult’s Law will form maximum boiling azeotropes.
137. (A) Basic definition of azeotropes.
138. (D) Minimum boiling azeotrope is formed when actual vapour pressure in higher than expected, i.e.,
solution shows +ve deviation from Raoult’s law solution shows +ve deviation from Rault’s law which
is so when A-B interactions are weaker than A-A or B-B interactions.
wB
P  Ps
0
P  0.95 0 mB
0
139. (B) 0
 xB  p 
p P0 wA
mA
w m
0.05 = B  A m A  0.3mB
m A mB
w
0.05 = B  0.3
mA
wB 0.05 w 0.3
=  A   6  5.7
mA 0.3 wB 0.05

  90  100  270 
1 3 100 3 1 370
140. (D) PS = P0A   P 0 B  
4 4 4 4 4 4
PS = 92.5 mm (observed)
Given : PS = 90 mm PS (Raoult’s Law) = 90 mm
PS (actual) > PS (raoult’s law)
141. (C) Melting point of solute has no role to play in vapour pressure of dilute solution.
P2 ΔH  373  T 
142. (B) log   
P1 2.303R  373T 
 760  40.67 10  1 1 
3
 log     
 19  2.303  8.3  T 373 
1 1 1
   7.52 10 4   7.52 10 4  26.8 10 4
T 373 T
 T = 0.029137  104 = 291.37 K.
143. (C) Colligative properties of solution depends upon the number of solute particles.
144. (D) Refractive index is not one of the colligative properties.
145. (C) i1C1RT = i2C2RT  i1C1  i2C2
 
Na 2 SO4 Glu cos e

(1 + 2)  0.004 = 0.01

0.0  0 5 1.5
1 + 2 =  1  2  2.5   =  0.75
0.004 2
% = 75%

16
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 10 50
146. (B)   M  300 g / mol
60 M
147. (C) 2C6H5COOH C6H5COOH2
Before asso. 1 mol
x
After asso. 1–x
2
x x
Total  1  x   1
2 2
1 x / 2 x
 i  1
1 2
148. (D) Observed molecular mass of phenylacetic acid
1000  5.12  0.223
  312.6
 5.3  4.47   4.4
Calculated molecular mass of C6H5CH2COOH = 72 + 5 + 12 + 2 + 12 + 32 + 1 = 136
As observed molecular mass is nearly double of the theoretical value, it dimerizes in benzene.
149. (ABD) Balanced equation of the reaction is


Since, O.N. of S remains the same, i.e., +6 in H2SO4 and HSO 4 , therefore S is not reduced. The
remaining three statements (ABD) are correct.
150. (BCD) Elements which have only s-electrons in the valence shell do not show more than one oxidation state.
Thus, element with 3s1 as outer electronic configuration shows only one oxidation state of +1.
Transition elements, i.e., elements (B,C) having incompletely filled d-orbitals in the penultinate shell
show variable oxidation states. Thus, element with outer electronic configuration as 3d14s2 shows
variable oxidation states of +2 and +3 and the element with outer electronic configuration as 3d24s2
shows variable oxidation states of +2, +3 and +4.
151. (C) Being the most electronegative element, F can only be reduced and hence it always shows on
oxidation number of –1. Further, due to the absence of d-orbitals, it cannot be oxidized and hence it
does not show +ve oxidation numbers. In other words, F cannot be simultaneously oxidized as well as
reduced and hence does not show disproportionation reactions. Thus, option (C) is correct.

17
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 REVISION BOOKLET
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
HOME ASSIGNMENT-2
SOLUTIONS

1. (B) Factual
2. (C) Density is an intensive property as it does not depend upon the amount of the substance.
3. (C) State functions is a property whose value is independent of the path.
4. (A) If the value of the property does not remain the same on dividing the system into two or more
fragments, the property is said to be an extensive property.
5. (C) Because E is a state function.
6. (C) 0.082 atm L  8.314 J.
8.314
1 atm L = J  101.3 J
0.082
7. (D) U = w = –pext V = –(0.75 atm) (12.0 L – 1.0L)
 8.314 J 
= – (8.25 atm L)    835.9 J
 0.082 atm L 
8. (B) U = q + w = 100 J – 25 J = 75 J
9. (C) u = 0 for isothermal process.
10. (D) u  q  w
q  400J
w  PV  2  5  10 atmL
=10 10.13  1013 J
u  400  1013  613J
11. (C) w  nRT
 8.314 103  2  8.314 T2  300 
12. (C) The reaction proceeds through intermediate activated complex which generally lies above the average
energy of products.

13. (B) H1  u1  nRT1

H 2  u2  nRT2
H  u  nR T2  T1 
H  8  1 8.314 103  700  300
H  11.3KJ
14. (C) Factual
15. (B) H = U only when ng = 0
16. (A) NH3(g) + HCl(g)  NH4Cl(g)
ng = 1–2 = –1
18
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 H = U + ngRT
As ng is –ve, H < U
17. (C) The heat change determined in a bomb calorimeter is E value.
Thus, E = –870 kcal mol–1
18. (C)
19. (A) When products are more stable than reactants the reaction will be exothermic.
20. (A)
21. (D) 2NH3  N2  3H2
2moles

The enthalpy of formation of ammonia

 46 kJ mol1
H of given reaction  2   46  92kJ
22. (C) The given reaction is :
C2H5  OHl   3O2  g  2CO2  g   3H2O l  ΔU  1364.47 kJ mol at 298 K
1

n g  2  3   1
We know,
ΔH  U  ng RT
 1364.47   1  8.314 103  298
23. (A) ΔHcomb  3264.6 kJ for 78 g of Benzene
 H comb for 3.9 g Benzene
3264.6
  3.9  163.23kJ
78
24. (B)  f H refer to formation of 1 mole of HCl (g) in this case.
25. (B) H+  aq   OH  aq   H2O l  ΔH  57.32kJ
 f Ho  H 2O  l   286.20 KJ
 f Ho  H   aq   0
r Ho   f Ho H2O  l    f Ho H+  aq   f Ho OH   aq 
57.32  286.20  0   f Ho OH   aq 
 f Ho OH  aq   286.2  57.32  228.88KJ
26. (C) H aq  OH aq H2O l  ;  H   57.3 kJ …….(i)

H 2C2O4  2OH  C2O4  2 H 2O; H  106kJ …….(ii)

For the second reaction the value should have been 2   57.3  114.6kJ
The difference (114.6 – 106) = 8.6 kJ mol– 1 is used to effect of the ionization of oxalic acid.
27. (B) Dissolution of KNO3 is endothermic, hence heat is absorbed and cooling is observed.
28. (B) E  H  n g RT
E  176  1 8.314 103 1200  166.023KJ
29. (A) MgSO4s  aq  MgSO4aq ; r H1  90KJ/mol

19
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 MgSO4s  aq  MgSO4 .7H2Os ; r H2  13KJ/mol
Adding the two equations
MgSO4s  aq  MgSO4 .7H2Os ; r H3

 r H3   r H1   r H 2  90  13  77KJ
30. (B) CO2g  H2g  COg  H2Og is:
r H=  f HH2O   f HCO g     f HCO2   f HH2 
 
 r H  241.8   110.5  393.5  0  41.2KJ

31. (D) 3H2g  N2g  2NH3g ; r H  90kJ

3 BE  H  H  BE  N  N   6  BE  N  H  ; r H

3 435  BE  N  N   6  390  90

BE  N  N   945KJ
32. (B) Enthalpy of elements in their standard state is zero.
33. (A)  f H  NaCl   sub H  Na   IE H  Na 
1
 BECl2  g   EA H  Cl   lattice H  NaCl 
2
1
410.87  317.57  495.8   241.84
2
  365.26  lattice H  NaCl 
1
lattice H  NaCl   317.57  495.8  241.84
2
365.26  410.87 = 979.9 KJ
34. (A) S  O2  SO2 ; 1  298.2 KJ …(1)
1
SO2  O2  SO3 ;  2  98.7 KJ …(2)
2
SO3  H 2O  H 2SO4 ;  3  130.2 KJ …(3)
1
H2  O2  H2O;  4  227.3KJ …(iv)
2
Req. reaction is
H 2  S  2O2  H 2SO 4 ;
 r H  H1  H 2  H3  H 4
 298.2  98.7  130.2  227.3  754.4kJ
35. (D) Cs  O2g  CO2g ; H  395kJ
Ss  O2g  SO2g ; H  295kJ
CSl   3O2g  CO2g  2SO2 g  ; H  1110kJ

r H   f HCO2g  2   f HSO2g 
 
  f HCS2l   3   f HO2g 
 
1110  395  2   295   f HCS2l   3  0 
 
20
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
  f HCS2 l   985  1110  125kJ mol1
V 
36. (C) w  5  2.303RT log  2 
 V1 
610
w  5  2.303  8.314  300log
61
w  28720.7 J  28.72kJ
V 
37. (C) w  2.303RT log  2 
 V1 
 2.303  8.314  300log 4  1728.986J
38. (B)
39. (B) PH3  P  3H ;  H  228
H 2 P  PH 2  2P  4H; ΔH  355
e p  p  4  e p H  355
228
ep  p  4   355
3
 e p  p  51
40. (D) CH 4 (g)  C(g)  4H(g),
ΔH  360 kcal for four(C  H)bonds
360
 BE(C  H)   90 kcal
4
C2 H 6  2C (g)  6H (g)
ΔH  620 kcal for six (C  H) bonds and one (C  C) bond.
 6 BE(C  H)  BE(C  C)  620
6  90  BE(C  C)  620
 BE(C  C)  80 kcal mol1
41. (B) At 100oC and 1 atmosphere pressure,
H2 O  l  H2O  g  is at equilibrium.
For equilibrium, Stotal  0 and Ssystem  Ssurrounding  0
As we know during conversion of liquid to gas entropy of system increases, in a similar manner
entropy of surrounding decreases.
 Ssystem  0 and Ssurrounding  0
Hence, (B) is the correct choice.
42. (B)
43. (A) Factual
44. (D) Factual
45. (A) H  382.64 103 J mol1
S  145.6 J K 1
G  H  TS
G  382.64 103  298  145.6

21
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 G  339.25 kJ mol1
46. (A)  Zn  O 2  2ZnO; G o  616 J …(1)
2Zn  S2  2ZnS; G o  293J …(2)
S2  2O 2  2SO 2 ; G o  408 J …(3)
(i) + (iii) – (ii) gives us
2ZnS  3O2  2SO 2  2ZnO
Go  6161  408   293
G o  731J
47. (A)
48. (A)
49. (D)
50. (B)
51. (D) Heat is always flow from the higher to lower temperature.
52. (B) Mixing of non-reacting gases increases randomness and so increase entropy .
53. (D) Direction of flow of current is from higher reduction potential to lower reduction potential.
54. (C) It is the third law of thermodynamics.
55. (B) Solid  Gas, S is maximum.
56. (C) Calculation of change in entropy is done at constant temperature and pressure both.
57. (A) When the value of entropy is greater, then ability of work is maximum.
H
vap 37.3 KJ mol1
58. (C) S vap  
T 373 K
 0.1 kJ mol1 K 1  100 J mol1 K 1 .
59. (C) Because solid  solid, S is same and H is –ve.
60. (D) For isothermal expansion of ideal gas, E  0 .
61. (A) T2  150  273  423 K
T1  25  273  298 K
Q  500 K
W T2  T1
 ; W  500 423  298   147.7 J .
Q T2  423 
H fusion 9.2
62. (C) Tm    1150 K .
S fusion 0.008
63. (C) Formation of CO2 is,
C(s)  O2(g)  CO 2(g)

S o  213.5  5.690  205  2.81 JK 1 .

64. (C) vap H  2.257 18  40.626 kJ mol 1

H 40.626 103
S   108.9 JK 1
T 373
q rev
65. (C) S   unit of S is JK 1 mol 1
.
T
66. (C) As the work is done on system, it will be positive i.e. W  462 joule, E  128 joule (heat is evolving)
From the Ist law of thermodynamics
E  q  w  (128)  (462)  334 Joules.

22
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
67. (B) H  (aq)  OH  (aq)  H 2 O (l)
S o ( 298 K ) K  mol 1 10. 7  70

S (298 K)  S P  S R  70  (10 .7  0) = 80.7 JK 1 mol 1

o

68. (b) G  2.303 RT log K , Here R  2 cal, T  300K

10  15
K   10 ; G  2.303  2  300  log10 10
35
 2.303  2  300 1  1381.8 cal

; T  30  10 ; T  400 K
3
dQrev.
69. (B) dS 
T 75
70. (B) Heat of neutralisation is less than 56.1 Kcal when a strong base and a weak acid reacts.
71. (B) In neutralisation of a strong acid and base only H  and OH  ions react.
72. (B)
73. (B) u = heat at constant volume
74. (A) H  E  nRT  3  8.314  298
 7432 J  7.43 kJ .
44
75. (C) H f  kcal  22 kcal .
2
76. (D) eq. (i) + eq. (ii) gives the required result.
77. (C) C  2S  CS 2 H  ?
C  O2  CO 2 H  393.3 kJ ….(i)
S  O2  SO2 H  293.72 kJ …..(ii)
CS 2  3O2  CO 2  2SO 2 H  1108.76 kJ …..(iii)
eq. (ii) × 2 + eq. (i) – (iv) eq. (iii) – eq. (iv) and find required result .
78. (D) Use H  E  n RT
H  19  2  2  10 3  300  20.2 kcal ; n  2 .
3 . 77  56
79. (B) H / m ole of FeS   100. 5 .
2 .1
1
80. (B) By (i) + (ii) ; Na  Cl 2  NaCl, H  196 kcal .
2
3250  0.39
81. (B) Heat evolved during combustion of 0.39g C6 H 6   16.25 kJ .
78
1
82. (A) H2  O 2  H 2 O H  188 kJ /m ole ..…..(i)
2
H 2  O2  H 2O2 ; H  286 kJ /mole ..….(ii)
By 2 × (i) and (ii)
2 H 2  O2  2 H 2 O ; H  376 kJ /mole …..(iii)
2H 2  2O2  2H 2O2 H  572 kJ /mole …..(iv)
By (iii) – (iv)
2H 2 O2  2H 2O  O2 H  196 kJ .
83. (B) By 2 × (i) + (ii) – (iii)
H of methane  20.0 kcal .

84. (D)
85. (C) Heat of neutralization of strong acid and strong base is equal to the  57.32 KJ mol1
86. (D) 1 mole (i.e.,) 16 gm of methane on combustion liberate 890 kJ
890  3.2
 3.2 gm will liberate   178 KJ
16

23
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
87. (C) First ionization potential of Li  5.4 eV
Electron affinity of Cl  3.61eV
We have H  I.P.  E. A.
 5 .4  3 .61  1 .80 eV  1 .80  1 .6  10 22 kJ
H  2.86  10 22 kJ ,
for 1mol Avogadro’s number  6 .02  10 23 .
22
H  2.86  10  6.02  10 23
 170 kJ / mole.
88. (ABC) When H  ve and S  ve than the reaction is non-spontaneous.
89. (B) G  H  TS , T  25  273  298K
 11.7  10 3  298  (105)  19590J  19.59kJ
90. (D) By 2× (ii) – (i) – (iii)
H 2(g)  2C(s)  C 2 H 2(g) , G   209 kJ .

91. (D) G  H  TS

0  30.558  T  0.066
30.558
or T   463 K
0.066
If (dG)T , P  0 sign ' ' mean. If is reversible process

O2  g   7CO2  g   3H2O l 
15
92. (C) C6 H5COOH  s  
2
15 1
ng  7  
2 2
ΔH  ΔE  ng RT
1
 321.30   R  300  321  150 R.
2
93. (B) Enthalpy change for a reaction does not depend upon the nature of intermediate reaction steps. It is a
state function.
1 1
94. (A) H 2  X 2  HX
2 2
Let the bond enthalpy of X – X bond be x.
H f  HX   50
1 1
  f H H  H    f H  X  X    f H H  X 
2 2
1 1 x
 2x  x  2x 
2 2 2
 x = 50  2 = 100 k J mol– 1
95. (D)
(1g eq) H2SO4 reacts with (1g eq) of KOH to give 1 g eq or 87 g of K2SO4 and one mole of water is
formed  neu H  13.7K cal
96. (B) H aq   OH aq   H2Ol  ; r H  55.83KJ/mol

 f H OH  aq    X KJ/mol ;  f H  H  aq    0
+

55.83  285.83  O  X
X  285.83  55.83  230 KJ/mol
97. (B) T  373  298  75K

24
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 1
H  75(C p NO2  C pO2  C p N 2 )  33
2
1
 75(37  34  29)  33
2
 (75 1  1.5)  33  895.5 J / mol
98. (C) HCl ( g )  40 H 2O(l )  HCl (40 H 2O);  r H1  73KJ/mol  (i )

HCl ( g )  200 H 2O(l )  HCl (200 H 2O);  r H 2  74 KJ / mol  (ii)

Sub (i) from (ii)

HCl 40 H 2 (l )  160 H 2O(l )  HCl (200 H 2O)  r H 3

 r H 3  74  (73)  1KJ

99. (A) At equilibrium
G = 0
G = H – TS
0 = 30 103 –T  105
30 103
T  285.7 K
105
100. (C) In diamond C atoms are more orderly arranged
101. (C) -rays are deflected less than -rays
102. (D) Mass defect m   2 1.0073   2 1.0087 
4.0015  0.0305amu
B.E. = 0.0305 × 931 = 28.4 MeV
28.4
B.E. per nucleon   7.1MeV
4
103. (D) t  Feb to July 1
 28  31  30  31  30  150days
2.303 8 2.303
 log  log 32
150 0.25 30
2.303 2.303 0.693
 log 25   0.301  day1
150 30 30
0.693
t1/2   30 days
0.393 / 30
Alternatively 8 g to reduce to 0.25 g will take 5 half lives i.e., 5 half-lives = 150 days
 t1/2  30 days
d [ MnO4 ]
104. (D)  4.56 103
dt
1 d [ MnO4 ] 1 d [ I 2 ]
Rate   
2 dt 5 dt
1 1 d[ I 2 ]
 (4.56 103 ) 
2 5 dt
d[ I 2 ] 5
   (4.56 103 )
dt 2
= 1.1410 M s–1
–2

105. (BD) Factual

25
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
  d [ A]   d [ B] 
log   log  dt   0.3
 dt 
106. (B)

  d [ A]   d [ B] 
 log    log    0.3
 dt   dt 
  d [ A] 
 
 log  dt   0.3
d [ B]
 
 dt 
  d [ A] 
 
  dt   10 0.3
d [ B]
 
 dt 
Now, x A  y B
 1 d [ A] 1 d [ B]

x dt y dt
 d [ A]
x
 dt 
d [ B] y
dt
x
  103  1.99  2 :1
y
107. (B) Molecularity can’t be zero

108. (A) t
2.303 C 
log 0
k C 
kt
log C   log C0  
2.303
109. (ACD)
110. (A) Given t y 2 (first order) = 40; t1 / 2 (zero order)=20 s
0693 0.693
 k1  
t1 / 2 40
 0.017 s 1
[ Ao ] 1.386
Also,  k0  
2t1/ 2 2  20
 0.035
k1 0.017 1
   0.5 mol 1 dm3
ko 0.035 2
111. (D) Factual
112. (D) R = k[N2O5]
R 2.4 105
 N2O5     0.8
k 3 105

26
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 0.693
113. (C) t1/2 
k
0.693
k  0.0693
10
1 0.08
t  ln
k 0.01
10
t  2  0.693  20 min
0.693
114. (D) R  K1  M  Z 

K 
M 
 X Y 
 M   K2  X Y 
 R  K1  K2  X Y  Z 
R  K  X Y  Z 
2.303 r r 2.303  0  100 
115. (C) k log o   log  
10 rt  r 10  50  100 
2.303
  log 2  0.0693 min 1
10
116. (D) pre-exponential factor (A) is temperature independent.
117. (A) Probability of effective collision b/w 3 molecules at an instant is low.

27
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 REVISION BOOKLET
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
HOME ASSIGNMENT-3
SOLUTIONS

1. (A) If the product is separated as solid or escapes as gas the reaction is an irreversible reaction.
2. (B) ΔG  0 at equilibrium.
3. (B) conceptual
4. (D) The rates of the forward and back reactions may or may not be different but they become equal at
equilibrium.
5. (A) According to Le Chatelier’s principle if an Equilibrium system is disturbed, the system will try to
undo the change.
If products are removed, then forward reaction will take place and more products will be formed.
6. (D) At equilibrium the rates of the forward and backward become equal.
7. (D) Factual
8. (C) Factual
9. (C) A  2B 2C
Initial moles in 2 litres 2 3 2
At Equilibrium moles in 2 litres 2.5 4 1
Molar conc. moles in 2 litres 1.25 2 0.5
 0.5  0.05
2

Kc 
1.25 2 
2

10. (B) 3Fes  4H2O  steam  Fe3O4s  4H2 g 

p 
4
H2
Kp  only gaseous products and reactants.
p 
4
H2O

 NO2   1.2 102 

2 2

11. (C) K  0.3 102  3 103

 N 2O4  4.8 102 
1

  
1

12. (A) Kp 
PSO2 PO2 2


 0.1 0.25 2  0.1
P SO3  0.5
H  S  0.10 0.4  0.016
2 2

13. (C) K  2 22 
 H2S 0.5
2

14. (D) NH4HS NH3  g   H2S  g 

0.5 atm
0.5  p p
Total pressure  0.5  2 p  0.84
i.e., p  0.17
Kp  PNH3 .PH2S   0.67  .  0.17   0.1139
15. (A) H 2  I2 2HI
15 5.2 0
155 5.25 10

 HI  10 10  50
2

Kc 
 H 2  I2  10  0.2
 ΔH
16. (B) K  e RT

28
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
17. (A) According to Le chatelier’s principle since the reaction exothermic it is favoured at 10 w temperatures
ng < 0
 High pressure will favour the forward reaction.
18. (B) Since Q c  K c
 Reaction will proceed in the forward direction.
19. (B) The value of equilibrium constant for a given reaction is fixed at a given temperature.
20. (D) K p  PNH3   P   4.9 10
HCl
9
atm2

PNH3  PNHl  4.9 109  7 105 atm

Vapour pressure of NH4Cl  s   PT  7 105
7 105  1.4 104 atm
21. (C) According to Le-chatelier principle when concentration of reactant increases, the equilibrium shift in
favour of forward reaction.
22. (B) At equilibrium, the rate of forward & backward reaction become equal.
23. (B) According to law of mass-action, “at a given temperature, the rate of a reaction at a particular instant is
proportional to the product of the active masses of the reactants at that instant raised to powers which are
numerically equal to the numbers of their respective molecules in the stoichiometric equation describing
the reaction”.
24. (B) R f  [Reactants]
25. (D)
26. (A)
27. (A) Law of mass action is applicative only to solutions
28. (D) Equilibrium constant for the reaction ,
3A + 2B ⇌ C is
[C]
K  .
[ A]3 [B]2
29. (C) AB ⇌ CD
Initial conc. 4, 4 0 0
After T time conc. (4–2) (4–2) 2 2
[C ] [ D] 2  2
Equilibrium constant =  1
[ A] [ B] 2  2
30. (D)
31. (A) PCl5 ⇌ PCl3  Cl2
2 0 0
2  60 2  40 2  40
100 100 100
Volume of container = 2 litre.
2  40 2  40

Kc  100  2 100  2  0 . 266 .
2  60
100  2
32. (D) Unit of K p  (atm)n
Unit of Kc  (mole / litre)n  [mole / litre]0  0
33. (D) N 2 O 4 ⇌ 2NO 2
1 0
(1-α) 2α

total mole at equilibrium  (1   )  2  1  

SO
2

34. (A) Kc 
SO2  O2 
2

29
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 Units =
 mol/L   L mol1
1mol/L 
3

0.2 0.2

[ PCl3 ] [Cl2 ] 10 10
35. (C) Kc    0.04 .
[ PCl5 ] 0.1 10
Kf
36. (C) Kc 
Kb
K f  Kc  Kb  1.5  7.5 104
 1.125 103
[YX 2 ] 2 1
37. (B) Kc     0.0625 .
[ X ] [Y ] 4  4  2 16
2

38. (A) H 2  I 2 ⇌ 2HI

Initial conc. 4.5 4.5 0
x x 2x
from question 2x = 3
3
x  1.5
2
So conc. at eqm. 4.5 1.5 of H 2
 4.5 1.5 of I 2 and 3 of HI
[ HI ]2 3 3
K   1.
[I2 ] [H2 ] 3 3
39. (C) Rate of backward reaction = Rate of forward reaction
40. (D) We know that PV  nRT
1
P become P& V bcome 2 V so,
2
1
P  2V  PV  nRT
2
So there is no effect in equation.
1 1
41. (D) K    4.0
K 0.25
[ P ]2 4  4
42. (C) K p  co   8.
[ PCO ] 2
2

43. (C) K p  Kc ( RT )n

n  1 for reaction 2SO2  O2 ⇌ 2SO3
So for this reaction K p is less than K c .
44. (D) K p and K c are characteristic for a given reaction if n  0 then there is no change.
45. (A) According to Le-Chatelier principle exothermic reaction is forwarded by low temperature, in forward
direction number of moles is less, hence pressure is high.
46. (A) In this reaction gaseous molecule count
MgCO3  MgO( s )  CO2( g )
K p  PCO2
47. (A) 2 AB ⇌ A2  B2

30
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 [ A2 ] [ B2 ]
Kc 
[ AB]2
1 1
For reaction AB ⇌ A2  B2
2 2
[ A 2 ]1 2 [B 2 ]1 2
Kc '  ; K c '  K c  49  7 .
[ AB]
48. (A) N 2  O2 ⇌ 2NO; Q cal
The above reaction is endothermic so for higher production of NO, and the temperature should be
high.
49. (D) Factual
50. (B) Equilibrium pressure = 3atm
NH 4COONH 2( s ) 2 NH 3( g )  CO2( g )
K p  pNH
2
3
. pCO2  32.3  27
51. (B)
52. (B) Ostwald’s dilution law.  1/ C, ionisation increases with dilution.
53. (D) Current does not effect the degree of ionisation.
54. (D) CH3COOH  0.1N  0.1M
k a  1 10 5
ka 105
   102
c 0.1
55. (B)
56. (A) NH3  H 2O  NH 4OH
H 2 O finishes the H+ ion
57. (A) HCO 3  H   CO 32 
58. (C) NH3  H 2O NH 4OH (H2O furnishes the proton and acts as a bronsted acid)
HCl  H 2 O  H 3O +  Cl  (H2O accepts a proton and acts as a bronsted base)
59. (A) Arrhenius theory explain the acidic or base nature of a substance only in aqueous solution.
60. (A) Methane can not donate electrons, while others can donate electrons. Lewis bases are electron doners.
61. (D) Base accepts protons and acid donates electrons.
62. (D) NH3 can accept a proton due to its high electronegativity
63. (D) Mg+2 does not accept or give electrons
64. (B) Factual
NH 4 OH is a weak electrolyte
65. (C) Both acid  COOH  and   NH2  group present
66. (B) HCO3 is the conjugate base of a weak acid.
67. (B) HI is strangest halogen acid due to greatest bond length.
68. (D)  log  H   pH;  log10  pH.Hence pH  1 less than 0.
69. (B)
70. (B) pH = –log [H+] = –log (2  10–3) = 3 – log2
71. (B) pH = log [H+]
[H+] = 10  fromHCl   x  from water 
7

10 7
 x   x   1014
x2  107 x  1014  0
x  0.615 107

31
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 7 7
[H+] = 10  0.615 10
[H+] = 1.615  10–7
pH = 7 – log 1.615 = 6.79
400
72. (A) Milimoles of [H+] from H 2SO4  2  4
200
200
Milimoles of [H+] from HCL= 2
100
6
[H+]Total =  6 103
1000
PH = - log (610-3) = 3 – log6 =2.22
73. (C) For CH3COOH
At pH = 4.74
 = 50 %
74. (A) ZnCl2 is an acidic salt.
Kw 1014
75. (A) KH  
Ka  Kb 4.0 1010 1.8 105
 1.38  1.4
76. (C) [H ]  CKa  2 105  0.1  1.414 103
pH   log(1.414 103 )  2.8496  2.85
77. (A) H 2S HS  H +
0.1
0.1 x x x  0.3
 HS   H 
 +

ka  
 H 2S
x  x  0.3
107 
0.1  x
Since x is negligible
0.3x
107 
0.1
x  3.33 108
78. (A) NH4Cl is an acidic salt
1
pH  7  [Pk b  log C]
2
1
4.5  7  [4.699  log c]
2
log C = 0.301
C=2M
NH4Cl required = 1 mole in 500 ml
Mass of NH4Cl required = 53.5g
MCl NH4Cl NaCl NaCN
79. (B)   
(acid) (acidicsalt)  Neutral   Basicsalt 
80. (C) [H ]Total  [H ] from HOCl  [H ]fromCH3 CooH
[H ]T  2 104  0.01  2 105  0.1
[H  ]T  1.414  103  1.414  103
[H+] = 2.828  10-3
PH = 2.5486
32
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
81. (A) [H+]T = [H+] from HCl + [H+] from CH3COOH
H+   104  2 105 102  5.472 104
T
pH  3.2618  3.3
82. (A) NO2SO 4 is a salt of strong acid and strong base it will not hydrolyze
k 1014
83. (A) kh   5
 5 1010
k b 2.0 10
kh 5 1010
h   7.07 105
c 0.1
 H +   c  kh  0.1 5 1010  7.07 106
1
84. (A) pH  7   pK b  log C
2
1
2.89  4   pK b  log 0.25
2
pK b  8.22  0.6021
k b  8.82
85. (B) NaCl and NaNO3 are neutral salts
H2S is a weak acid
HCl is a strong acid
86. (A) pH of the weak acid at end point = pK a
87. (A) At equilibrium point we will have solution of the acidic salt NH4Cl
1
pH  7  pK b  log C
2
pH < 7
88. (C) Factual
89. (A) Ag 2C2O4 2Ag +  C2 O42
2S S

Ksp  Ag  C2O 

+ 2
4

1010  2S 102
1010
S 2
 5 109
2 10
90. (A) BaCrO 4 Ba +2  CrO 4 2
K sp   Ba 2  CrO42 
2.4 1010  Ba +2   6 104
 Ba  NO3 2   4 107 M
91. (B) ZnS Zn2  S2
S2   0.02 M
Ksp   Zn2  S2 
4 1024   Zn2   0.02
M moles of Zn+2 dissolved
 2 1022  20 103  4 1025
Mass of Zn+2 unprecipitated  65  4 1025
 2.60 1023 g
33
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
92. (B) pH  pKa  log
salt 
 Acid
pH  pK a  5
[salt] : [Acid] = 1 : 1
It will formic perfect buffer.
93. (A) pH for an acidic buffer = pK a  1
94. (B) Precipitation of salt takes place when ionic products exceeds solubility product.
95. (A) pOH  14  pH  14  8.26  5.74

pOH  pK b  log
Salt 
 Base
5.74  4.74  log
Salt 
 Base
log
Salt   1
 Base
Salt   10
 Base
 NH 4 2 SO4   10  0.01  0.1M
500 ml contain = 0.05 mole
96. (A) C6 H5COO Ag + C6 H5COO  Ag +
S S

Ksp  S 2

S in water = Ks p  5 107 mol L1

pH  Pka  log
 salt 
 Acid 
pH  Pka  log
 Salt 
 Acid 
 log  H      log ka   log
 Salt 
 Acid 
log
ka
 log
 Salt 
 H    Acid 
ka

 Salt 
 H    Acid 
[H+] = antilog 3.19 = 6.457  10–4
C6 H5COOH  6.457 104  10
C6 H5COO-  6.46 105
When C6 H 5COOAg is added to the buffer
C6 H 5COO  are converted to C6 H5COOH
 Solubility of the salt in buffer = y [Ag+] =
C6H5COOH  C6H5COO 
Ag +   10  C6 H5COO   C6 H5COO   y

34
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 11 C6 H5COO   y
y
C6 H5COO  
11
y
y  2.75 1012
11
y  1.66 106
Solubility of salt in acid
Solubility in water
1.66 106
  3.32
5 107
97. (D) Phenolphthalein is a weak acid and shows end point in the range 8 to 9.6
98. (A) Ag 2 CrO 4 2Ag +  CrO 42
2
ksp   Ag   CrO 42 
99. (C) Hg 2 I 2 Hg 2+2  2I 
2
ksp   Hg +2  -
2  I 

100. (D) Solution of basic salt will have pH greater than 7

101. (C)
102. (C) Both K+ & NO3– have same transport number i.e. O.5.
103. (B) Ni Is itself getting oxidized and acting as reducing agent
104. (D) CO2 is in its highest oxidation state
105. (B) A reducing agent itself gets oxidized & hence donates electrons.
106. (A) (self explanatory)
107. (D) Negative emf indicates that given reaction is non-spontaneous. Reverse rxn. will be spontaneous.
108. (A) Cell stops working and voltage drops to zero.
109. (C) According to activity series Fe is more reactive than Cu and should displace Cu2+ as Cu
110. (A) Zn  Zn2  2e
Ag   e  Ag
Zn  2 Ag   Zn2  2 Ag.
111. (D) Daniell cell Zn  Cu 2   Cu  Zn2  . Using large Zn electrodes, we can expect life of Daniell cell
to increase because redox reactions will last longer.
112. (D) Cell emf depends upon size of anode, volume of sol. and Temperature.
113. (C) W= Z  I  t
63.5
=  2.5  625  0.514 g.
2  96500
114. (C) MnO4  Mn2  (unbalanced)
+ 5e–
Electricity required
For 1 mole = 5F
For 0.05 – 5F  0.05 = 0.25 F
115. (A) W= Z  I  t
27
13.5  Q
3  96500

35
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 13.5  3  96500
Q  1.5F
27
116. (C) Q = 0.75  10  60 = 450C.
4F 22.4L
4  96500C–––––22400mL
22400  450
450C–––– = 26.1 mL
4  96500
117. (B) Volume = 101010–2 = 1 cm3
Mass = Vol. = 8.941 = 8.94g
63.5 g ––––2F = 296500
2  96500
8.94 g ––––  8.94 = 27172 C
63.5
118. (D) At cathode: 2H+ + 2e–H2
At anode : 2H2OO2 +
4H+ + 4e–
2 .4 V
  V  4.8 L
22.4 22.4
2
119. (B) C6H5NO2 + 6H+ + 6e–  C6H5NH2 + 3H2O
1 mol. of C6H5NO2 required 696500C
12.3g requires –– 57900C
If  = 50%, than
Quantity of electricity actually required
= 2  57900 = 115800C
120. (B) Na+
121. (B) 2F –––––56 g
56
3F –––––  3 = 84 g
2
107.87
122. (C) w  965  1= 1.0787 g.
96500
123. (B) HNO2 will oxidize H2S to S.
124. (B) 1 F will librate
1 eq. mass of element.
 1 atomic mass (1 eq. mass) of Ag will deposited with 1 F
125. (A) 2F –––– 1 mole of Ba
 2 96500C ––– 1 mole of Ba
 96500C ––– 0.5 of Ba
126. (A) l  1.5 cm
10
A=  5cm2
2
K  G  G*
1 1.5
K   0.006
50 5
K 1000 0.006 1000
e    120 Scm2 mol1
0.05 0.05

36
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 1 4
127. (A) K  G.G*  
245 7
4  1000
 e  = 23.3 Scm2eq–1
7  245  0.01
1
128. (C) e 
Normality
1000  3.06  10 6
129. (D) M = 210–3
1.53
 K s  [ Ba2  ][SO42  ] = 410–6
p

130. (B) Resistance of an electrolytic solution decreases with increase in temperature, whereas resistance of a
metallic conductor increases with the increase in temperature.
oH 
131. (B) Ionic mobility =
965000
349.8
=  3.6  103
965000
Speed =   potential gradient
2
= 3.610–3  = 1.45 cm s–1
5
132. (A) oNH 4OH  oNH 4Cl  oOH   oCl 
= 150+198–7676 = 272
 CNH 4OH 9.6
   0.0353
 o
NH 4OH 272
133. (D) oAgCl  62.3  67.7  130
3.4  106  1000
130 
s
3400  106
s  26.15  10 6 = 2.610–5 mol L–1
130
C 7
134. (D)  o  = 1.8  10–2
 380.8
K = c2 = 0.1(1.810–2)2 = 3.2410–5
135. (B) om  NaNO3   om  AgNO3   om  NaCl   om  AgCl 

 116.5  110.3  121.6  105.2 Scm 2 mol1

136. (B) HgO disintegrate on heating
 1
HgO   Hg  O2
2
1
137. (A) Reducing power 
Reduction potential
138. (A) V = 1.10 V
Q = 2F = 2  96500 C
WD = VQ = 1.10  2  96500 = 212300J
= 212.3 kJ

37
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
139. (ABD) Because reduction potential of Hg+2, Fe+3 and V+2 is less than NO 3
140. (D) Metals below hydrogen in the reactivity series are poor reducing agents and have a high reduction
potential.
141. (B) E ocell  E oCu 2 ,Cu  E oNi, Ni2
s

0.59  0.34  E oNi, Ni2

EoNi, Ni2  0.34  0.59  0.25V
142. (B) 2H+  2e  H2  g 
1
E  E o  0.0295log 2
 H + 

 H +   103
E  0  0.0295log106
E = –0.177 V
143. (C) 2  OCl  2H +  2e  Cl  H 2O; E1o  0.94 V
2Cl  Cl   2e  ; E o2  1.36 V
4H +  2OCl 2  2e   Cl 2  2H 2O; E oo  3
G1o  nFE1o  2 F  0.94
G2o  nFE2o  2F   1.36
G3o  2  G1o  G2o
2FE3o  2  2F  0.94  2F  1.36
E3o  0.52 V
144. (B) Reduction potential of the cathode should be greater.
 The given cell will not function.
The reverse reaction is spontaneous.
145. (B) 2Hg  2Fe +3 Hg +2
2  2Fe +2
Int. 10–3
95 5
At Eq. 510–5 105 95 10
2
2
0.059  Hg +2   +2 
2   Fe 
E o
cell  log 2
2  Fe+3 
47.5 105   95 1010
2

Eocell  0.0295log  0.02259 V 0.02259  0.77  E oHg+2 /2Hg

52 1010
E oHg+2 /2Hg  0.793V
2

146. (D) Factual.

147. (D) More reactive metal Zn should be used for. Iron plating
0.059
148. (A) Eo  log K C
n
0.059
0.77  0.54  log K C
2
38
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 0.23
log K C   7.7966
0.0295
K C  6.26110 7
149. (C) 2H   2e   H 2
 H +   101
H2
E 2H+ , H  E o2H+ , H  0.0295log 2
2 2
 H + 
1
E  0  0.0295log 2
101 
E  0.0295  2  0.059V
150. (A) E o  0.0295log K C
 0.0295 12  0.354V

39
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 REVISION BOOKLET
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
HOME ASSIGNMENT-4
SOLUTIONS

1. (B) Crystalline solids are anisotropic in nature.

2. (B) Quartz glass or silica glass is amorphous because crystalline SiO 2 on melting and then rapid cooling,
it gives glass in which SiO4 tetrahedral are randomly joined to each other.
3. (A) Ionic solids have very good electrical conductivity in molten state.
4. (D) Graphite is a network/covalent solid.
5. (C) These are all covalent compounds and hence bind by covalent bond forces.
6. (B) Liquid crystals are crystalline solids, on being heated have turbid nature whereas at higher
temperature, they tend to behave as liquid which is isotropic in nature
7. (C) Presence of electrons in the lattice site is due to impurity defect (Metal excess due to anionic
vacancies)
8 6
8. (C) Z   4
8 2
8
9. (D) Z  1
8
10. (C) For BCC
3a 3
r   400  173pm
4 4
8
11. (B) ZA  1
8
6
Z B   3 Formula AB3
2
12. (A) For Rhombohedral a  b  c
13. (C) a  2 2r
a  2 2  500  1414pm
14. (D)

In hcp, a sphere is in contact with 6 other spheres in its own layer. It also touches directly 3 spheres in
the layer above 3 spheres in layer below.
 12 is the coordination number.
15. (D) Alkali metals like sodium is known to have body centered cube.
16. (C) If Zn has hcp structure, then it will have 12 nearest atoms.
4 4 16
17. (C) Total volume of atoms = Z   r 3  4   r 3   r 3
3 3 3
18. (C)

1, 2, 3 of layer A and 3 shaded atoms of B form hcp arrangement.

40
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
19. (C) Tetrahedral voids = 2  number of close packed atoms
20. (D) Octahedral voids = number of atoms
21. (A) 4 triangular voids
22. (A) Fraction of volume occupied by spheres in hcp = fraction of volume occupied by spheres in ccp = 0.74
23. (D) If B  N, then A  2N ( it is arranged in TVs)
 A2NBN A2B
24. (C) Fluorine (CaF2) type has ccp arrangement in which Ca 2+ form fcc and each Ca2+ ion surrounded by
8F– ions. While in fluorine, –ve ions form the ccp arrangement so that each positive ion is surrounded
by 4 –ve ions.
25. (A)
26. (B) Hexagonal; close packed structure has
a = b = c = 900 &  = 1200
27. (D) Factual
28. (A) Factual
29. (D) All KCl, NaCl and CsCl show Schottky defect as the anions and cations are of similar size and the
coordination number is high
30. (D) Factual
31. (C) Pure Silicon and germanium are insulators unless they are doped which then becomes
semiconductors.
32. (C) Factual
33. (B) Many properties of H2O are effected due to H-bonding
34. (A) The dipole-dipole interactions are also called Keesom forces after the scientist who studied them.
35. (B) Factual
Energy Force×S Force
36. (C) Pressure =  
Volume A S Area
37. (A) Boyle’s law states that at constant temperature, P  V
At the sea level atmospheric pressure is high and hence the volume is less and hence density of the air
is greater.
38. (B) At 27oC (At constant temperature) :
P1V1  P2 V2
Let V1  V, P1  P
V
V2 
2
P2  2P
At the constant pressure: P2  2P
 V
V1 V2
  V1  2 
T1 T2  
 V2 =V 
V V

2  300 T2
T2  600 K
327o C
39. (D) 1 mole of gas contains Avogadro’s number of molecules which is independent of the pressure of the gas.
40. (A) Under same conditions of ‘T’ and ‘P’
V n

41
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 nSO2 VSO2 2
 
nO2 VO2 1
Number of molecules of SO2 = 2 N
41. (D) Factual
42. (A) For a given number of moles at a constant temperature
P1V1 = P2V2 (Boyle’s law)
5
5 10   V2
1
V2 = 50L
43. (D) According to Charles law at a constant pressure and for a definite number of moles
VT
nRT 10  0.0821 500
44. (B) V   41.05L
P 10
3RT
45. (D) Vrms 
M
Vrms1 T1 300 1 1
   
Vrms 2 T2 1200 4 2

46. (D) PN 2  PO2  PH 2O  PT

PN2  PO2  PT  PH2O  640  40  600 torr
3
PN2   600  450 torr
4
47. (D) Factual
48. (B) PC  PT  xC
5
1.5  PT 
20
PT  1.5  4  6 atm
49. (D) Work done = Surface tension  Increase in surface area
= 73 dyne cm–1  0.1 m2
= 73 dyne cm–1  0.1  104 cm2
= 7.3  10–4 dyne cm = 7.3  104 ergs
= 73000 ergs
50. (D) Let wt. of C2H6 = wt. of H2 = wg
w w
nC2H6  ; nH2 
30 2
PH 2  xH 2  PT
w
2 15
xH  
w w 16

30 2
R NH3 M HCl 36.5
51. (B)  
R HCl M NH3 17
NH3 being lighter diffuses faster and the white fumes will first form closer to HCl bottle.
52. (D) Factual
42
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 R 1 t2 M2
53. (B)  
R 2 t1 M1
tO 2 32

tH 2 2
tO 2
4
5
tO 2  20 s

nH2 diffused M O2
54. (B) 
nO2 diffused M H2

w/2 32

4 / 32 2
w  1g
w
PO2 32 1
55. (A)   O2  
PT w w 3

32 16
R1 M2
56. (D) 
R2 M1
M1  NO   30g mol1
M 2  C2 H6   30g mol1
Since M1  M 2
 R1  R2
57. (B) Surface tension tries to make the surface area minimum for a given volume. This is so for spherical shape.
1/ 2
 22  42  62 
1/ 2
 56 
58. (C) Vrms     
 3   3 
3
59. (A) KE  RT
2
R  2 cal K–1 mol–1
KE = 3T
60. (B) At constant volume,
P  T (Gay Lussac’s law)
P1 T1

P2 T2
1atm 273K 1
 
2atm 273  273K 2
3 3
61. (B) KE  PV  RT
2 2
3
KE  RT
2

43
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 3RT
62. (C) Vrms 
M
63. (C) Factual
64. (B) Vrms  Vmp of O 2
3RT 2RT

28 32
3  700 T

28 16
3 16  700
T  1200 K
28
3
65. (C) KE  RT
2
Since temperature of SO2 is higher, therefore its kinetic energy is higher
66. (C) C is incorrect
67. (D) Pressure exerted by the real gas is less than the ideal pressure due to mutual attractions between the
molecules.
68. (D) Factual
69. (A) At Boyle’s temperature, a gas shows ideal behavior for a wide range of pressure in the low pressure range.
70. (D) NH3 has the strongest intermolecular forces of attraction and is most easily liquefiable and shows
maximum deviation from ideal behavior.
 n2 a 
71. (A) Using  P  2  V  nb   nRT
 V 
T = 349.8C
PV
72. (A) Z
nRT
100 V
i.e., 0.5 
1 0.082  273
V = 0.1119 L
 a 
 P  2  V  b   RT (for 1 mole of a gas)
 V 
Neglecting b,
 a 
 P  2  V   RT
 V 
a
PV   RT
V
 PV 
a  1
  VRT  1  0.5 0.119  0.082  273
 
PV a  RT 
 1
RT VRT
a = 1.252 atm L2 mol–2
73. (C) Gases with low molecular mass (H2, He) have Z>1
P V  b   RT
PV  Pb  RT
PV
Z 1
RT
44
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 PV
Z  1
RT
Z 1
74. (D) Factual
75. (A) Gases with greater mass are more compressible
Z<1
76. (C) Gases cannot be liquefied at a temperature above the critical temperature.
77. (B) Gases liquefy at a temperature lower than the critical temperature and pressure greater than critical pressure.
78. (C) Factual
79. (A) Ideal gases cannot be liquefied because the mutual attraction between molecules are negligible.
80. (B) There exist attractive forces between molecules of real gases and there for P real < P ideal
an 2
Attractive forces = 2
V
81. (A) A liquid boils when the vapour pressure becomes equal to the atmospheric pressure. Lower the
atmospheric pressure, lower the boiling point of the liquid.
82. (B) Factual
83. (A) Factual
84. (D) Factual
1
85. (A) No of electrons that = 28
 1.0989 1027
9.110
86. (C) H2 has least mass and the highest e/m ratio
87. (D) Anode rays are constituted by the ionized gas molecules.
mass of Proton 1.67 1024 1837
88. (C)  
mass of electron 9.11028 1
89. (D) Charge on 0.5 moles of electrons
 1.6 1019  3.0111023  48176 C
90. (B) Neutrons have mass equal to that of the proton and the total mass of the atom is due to the protons and
the neutrons
91. (C) Neutron being a chargeless Particle does not influence certain properties of an atom.
92. (D) According to Rutherford’s model
Radius of nucleus 1015 m
 10  105
Radius of atom 10 m
93. (D) -Particle are doubly charged Helium atoms -particle is 4 He +2
94. (C) Mort -particles went unobstructed and only a few faced deflection by the nucleus as the radius
of the nucleus is very small as compared to that of the atom.
95. (C) Factual
96. (A) A = 40
No of electrons = 18
No of protons = 18 + 2 = 20
No of neutrons = 40 – 20 = 20
2
97. (A) 1 X atomic no = 1

Mass no = 2
 if is an isotope of 11 H (protium)
98. (B) Factual
99. (A) Factual
100. (B) No of electrons in CO  6  8  14
No of electrons in N 2  7  7  14
101. (A) By definition since they have same mass number but different
102. (D) Factual
45
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
103. (A) The have same mass number and different atomic number
 they are Isobars.
104. (B) All electromagnetic waves travel in vacuum with a speed of 3  108 ms–1.
1
105. (A) E

E1 2 6.56 105 1.6
  
E2 1 4.1105 1
106. (D) Factual
107. (D) For the radiation with same amount of total energy the light with lower frequency will have greater
number of photons and will be brighter.
108. (A) E = E0 + KE
E = 2E0
2E0 = E0 + KE
E0 = KE
109. (A) E = P  t = 100  60
nhC
E=

n  6.626 103  3 108
100  60 
5000 1010
n = 1.5  10 22

110. (A) Kinetic energy of the photoelectrons increases with the decrease in wave length (halved) but it
won’t be doubled.
111. (B) Energy of the incident photon
hC 6.626 1034  3 108
'E'  
 300 109
19 6.626 1019
 6.626 10 J   4.14eV
1.6 1019
KE = E – E0 = 4.14 – 0.24 = 3.9 eV
112. (B) h  2.0  1016  hV0  KE .....(1)
h  3.2  1016  hV0  2 KE ....(2)
Solving (1) and (2)
Vo  0.8 1016 H Z
Vo  8.0 1015 H Z
113. (B) hx  E0  y
h(2 x)  E0  3 y
hx  2 E0
hx  2hV0
x
V0 
2
114. (C) Factual.
115. (C) For hydrogen n1 = 1, n2 = 3
Z He 2 1
n1   m1  2
ZH 1
Z He 2
n1   m2   3  6
ZH 1
116. (B) Factual

46
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
117. (B) n2  4
 the radiation lies in the Brackett series
1
118. (A) V
n
V1 n2

V2 n1
V 6

V2 2
1
V2  V
3
n2
119. (B) Bohr’s formula for the radius of a shell in a single electron species = 0.529 Å
Z
h
120. (D) 
2mKE
2 KE1

1 KE2
2 K 1
 
 2K 2

2 
2
1 1 1
121. (B)  RH Z 2  2  2 
  n1 n2 
1 1 1 
 1.09677 107 12  2  2 
 1 3 
1 8
 1.09677 107   
 9
  1.025 107 m  102.5nm
122. (A) The line belongs to the Lyman series which lies in the ultra violet region.
123. (B) Factual
124. (B) Factual
1
125. (A) 
mv
Wave nature of the motion of an electron cannot be ignored on a count of its negligible mass.
126. (A) Factual
127. (B) Heisenberg’s principle of uncertainty regarding either momentum or position is relevant to particles of
negligible mass as the particle gets displaced by a striking photon and hence its velocity changes
h 6.626 1034
128. (D) v.x  
4  m 4  3.14  9.11031
 5.797 105 m2 s 1
h
129. (D) x 
mV
h
x, V 
4  m

47
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 h h
.V 
mV 4 m
V 1

V 4
% of uncertainty is velocity
1
= 100  7.96%
4
130. (C) Factual
131. (A) Factual
132. (B) The electron cannot be in the nucleus
133. (B) Number of orbitals in a given shell is n2
Number of electrons = 2n2
134. (B) l  3  f subshell
F subshell has 7 orbitals and can accomodate
14 electrons
135. (A) e.g. for P subshell, l  1
no of orbitals = 2l 1  2 11  3
136. (B) n = 2, l = 1 is 2p orbital
The three 2p orbitals can accommodate a total of 6 electrons.
137. (D) Second shell does not have the d-sub shell.
138. (B) Factual
139. (A) The electron in the s-sub shell is closed to the nucleus because of the spherical shape of the orbital.
140. (D) Factual
141. (A) f sub shell is rosette shaped.

48
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 REVISION BOOKLET
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
HOME ASSIGNMENT-1
SOLUTIONS

SOLUTIONS
1. (B) Li, Na, K are alkali metals with valency = 1 as the electron gain enthalpy increases from
Mass of Na is equal to the average mass of Li left to right.
7  39 19. (C) Fe is a transition element (d-block)
and K Na A  23 
2 Fe  26 :  Ar  3d 4s
6 2

2. (D) Factual Last electron enters the d-subshell.

3. (D) All strongly electropositive elements like alkali 20. (A) The element is nitrogen (N, Z = 7) present in
metals occupied the peaks of Meyer’s curves the group 15 of the p block.
4. (D) The Telluric screw or Telluric helix was the Electronic configuration of N : 1s2 2s2 2p3.
first real attempt for periodic classification 21. (A) Group 17 elements are called halogens
proposed by A.E.B.de chancourtois is 1862. (Salt forming).
5. (A) Most electronegative elements were at the Group 16 elements are called Chalcogens
ascending positions of the curves (ore forming)
6. (B) Factual 22. (A) The atomic radius decreases across the period
7. (A) Factual (Both Aluminium and Gallium and increases down the group. The position
belong to the same group of the periodic table ) of Cs in the periodic table justifies the answer.
8. (C) The atomic number is the deciding factor for 23. (A) The size of the species depends on the effective
the electronic configuration of elements and nuclear charge.
hence it is the deciding factor of the chemical 24. (D) Anion has larger size than the neutral atom
behaviour of elements. cation is smaller than the neutral atom.
9. (D) Factual 25. (C) Nitrogen has stable configuration of half-filled
10. (B) V(23) and Ni (28) both lie in the d-block P-orbitals, therefore the ionization energy is
V(23) : [Ar] 3d3 4s2 high.
Ni (28) : [Ar] 3d8 4s2 26. (B) The atomic radius of B is smaller due to
11. (D) Lathanoids are referred to as rare earth element ineffective screening by d-electron hence its
the last element enters the 4f subshell ionization energy is greater.
12. (D) General outer shell configuration of group 16 is 27. (A) (i) As the atom loses one electron the effective
ns2 np4 nuclear charge increases for the remaining
13. (C) 112  Ununbium electrons.
Un  1 28. (A) The ionization energy decreases down the
Un  1 group but the lead has higher ionization energy
bi  2 than In due to greater effective nuclear charge
14. (C) in the sixth period the p-block elements will because of in effective shielding by d and f
have the configuration electrons.
4f 14 5d10 6s 2 6p1to6 29. (B) The two process are reverse of each other

15. (C) Element in Hg  Z  80 :  Xe 4 f 14 5d 10 6s 2

X (9)  X  (9)  e ; H  I
16. (A) The element has atomic number = 111 X (9)  e  X (g) ; H  E  I
Symbol : uuu 30. (B) (i) On moving down the group the electron gain
IUPAC name : Unununium enthalpy becomes less negative.
17. (C) Typical metallic properties are exhibited by the (ii) The electron gain enthalpy for Cl is more
transition metals that belong to the d block of negative than that for Fluorine because small
the period table size of Fluorine leads to electronic repulsions.
18. (C) The oxidizing power increases from left to right
1
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
31. (C) The repulsion between the O and the incoming  Mg being a metal does not have affinity for
electron outweighs the stability gained by electrons
attaining the noble gas configuration. 44. (C) Factual
32. (C) For an element which has positive electron 45. (C) the tendency to shown the higher oxidation
affinity, the energy will be released on gain of state decreases down the group due to the inert
an electron. pair effect.
33. (D) Electron affinity decrease down the group but 46. (A) Factual
electron affinity of Fluorine is less than that of 47. (A) Factual
chlorine because of its small size. 48. (B) Factual Ga (z=31,A=70u)
34. (A) (i) The anions will have negative electron 49. (B) Al is trivalent
affinity and will repel the incoming electron. The stability of the +3 oxidation state decreases
(ii) Among Li  and Na  the electron affinity of down the group due to the inert pair effect.
50. (B) Ge is a metalloid.
Li  is greater because of the small size.
51. (A) The shape of the orbitals justifies the trend. s
35. (B) Chlorine has positive electron affinity and
and p electrons penetrate closer to the nucleus.
negative electron gain enthalpy.
52. (D) d-block elements form coloured complexes.
36. (B) Fluorine is the most electronegative and
53. (D) Here, each P is sp3 hybridized.
Cesium is the least electronegative element in
Hence, % of p-character = 75%
the periodic table and this is justified by their
positions in the periodic table.
37. (D) Group 1 elements are most electropositive and
the electropositive character increases down the
group. 54. (D) Both group I and group II elements are
38. (C) The element is Magnesium (Z = 12) is a metal. electropositive and will not react to form a
Valency is 2. compound.
MgO is basic. 1
39. (A) Isoelectronic species have same number of
55. (D) X for ICl2   7  2  1  0  4
2
electrons and some electronic configuration.
 Hybridization of I in ICl 2 is sp3.
Ne(z  10) :1s 2 2s 2 2 p 6
56. (C) Greater the  EG H of the element forming the
F :1s 2 2s 2 2p 6
anion, greater the ease of formation of the ionic
40. (D) A(z  9) :1s 2s 2 p
2 2 5
compound.
Element is Fluorine (most electronegative) 57. (D) Factual
B (z = 12) : 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 58. (D) Both Mg+2 and O2 – have smaller size and higher
charge and hence they will have greater value of
Element is Magnesium (most electropositive)
lattice enthalpy.
C (z=36): 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d10 4s 2 4p 6 59. (D) Though the number of atoms in both the ions is
Element is Krypton (inert goes) (5) but the number of electrons are different
41. (B) Valence shell configuration of group 15= ClO 4 no of electrons = 50
2 3
ns np
CrO 24  no of electrons = 58
42. (B) Period II element cannot show Co- Valency
60. (B) Covalently bonded compounds have low boiling
greats than 4, due to the absence of empty
points and are insoluble in polar solvent like
d-orbitals in their valence shell.
water.
43. (A) A is Ne
61. (C)
B is O
C is Mg
D is F
 Ne will have least affinity for electrons
because its octet is complete.

2
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 75. (B) Fe :  Ar  3d 4s
2 6 0
1 (4 unpaired electrons)
F.C on oxygen = 6   4  4  0
Ca 2 :  Ar  4s0
2
(no unpaired electron)
62. (C) SF4 (sp3d, trigonal bipyramidal with one
equatorial position occupied by 1 lone pair).\ 76. (B) Factual. Dry ice is solid CO2
CF4 (sp3, tetrahedral, no lone pair), 77. (D) C – F bond is strongest due to the smaller size of
XeF 4 (sp3d2, square planar, two lone pairs). the atoms
63. (A) F – F bond is less strong due to electronic
64. (D) The electrons present in the outer most orbitals repulsions
are involved in chemical bonding. 78. (B)
65. (A)

1
FC on N = 5   8  0  1
2 1
FC on s  6   8  0  2
66. (D) ICl 2 = linear, I3 = linear, N 3 = linear. 2
79. (D) Factual
ClO 2 = angular due to sp3 hybridization of Cl-
80. (B) B is carbon atom and has maximum covalency
atom. of 4
81. (B) Cl  Be  Cl and S  C  S both have linear
geometry.
82. (A) The polarization power of cation
It is an odd electron molecule. 1
67. (A) BF3 is electron deficient as the octet around B is 
radius of cation
not complete.
The polarizability of anion  radius of anion
68. (D) Element A is Magnesium element B is oxygen
O2 has less solubility in water. 83. (A) % of Ionic character
69. (D) Atoms combine by transfer or sharing of  16 | E A  E B | 3.5  (E A  E B ) 2
electrons to form a species which is more stable
 16  2.1  3.5   2.1
2
than the reacting atoms irrespective of the fact
whether the octet of the combining atoms is  33.6 15.435  49.035  50%
completed or not. 84. (A) Greater the bond length, lesser the bond strength.
70. (C) Lower the ionization energy of of X greater the 85. (C) On moving left to right in the periodic table the
ease of formation of X+. electronegativity increases and the difference
Higher the electron affinity of Y, greater the ease between the electronegatives of chlorine and the
of formation of Y  . central atom decreases and hence the ionic
71. (D) character decreases.
86. (D) O  H bond is the shortest due to the small size
of the H-atom.
87. (A)

72. (A) H  121 242.8  2422  355 2  2430.8

 355 KJ mol1
73. (A) radius of Cs  is highest among cations radius of
F is lowest among anions.
74. (B) The electronegativity decreases down the group
and Pb+2 is less electronegative than Pb+4.

3
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 F  S  F at axial position and O 2 (17e  )  1s 2  1s 2  2s 2
F  S  F at the diagonal position have a 180
π2Px2 π* 2Px2  0
angle between them.  2s  2 p
 2
 2 pz
2

88. (B) π2Py2 π* 2p1y z

It has one unpaired e

AlO 2 has both the Oxygen atoms in (-2)
Oxidation state  no unpaired electron
BaO2 is a peroxide (O22  )  no unpaired

Bond angle decreases due to the presence of lone electron

pairs of electrons. π2Px2
98. (A) N 2 (14e ) :  1s 2  1s 2  2s 2   2s 2  2 pz2
89. (C) Since MX3 has a regular geometry therefore it π2Py2
must have trigonal planar geometry and the  diamagnetic
bonding orbitals are sp2
π2Px2
90. (C) s orbital cannot undergo an effective sideways C2 (12e ) :  1s  1s  2s  2s
 2  2 2  2

overlap. π2Py2
Hybridized orbitals do not undergo  bonding. 99. (A) O2 (16e )  1s 2  1s 2  2s 2   2s 2  2 pz2 π2Px π 2Px
2 * 1

91. (C) In CH 3 the C-atom is sp2 hybridized and has π2Py π 2Py
2 * 1

trigonal planar geometry. 2 unpaired electrons

1 4
100. (D) BO (CO32 )  1  
3 3
BO (CO2 )  2
BO (CO)  3
92. (D)
The resonating structures have same carbon
101. (C) OF 17e  
 Bond order = 1.5
skeleton, same position of  bonds. 1 unpaired electron
 The resonating structures have nearly same  Paramagnetic
energies. 
F2 18e

 Bond order = 1
 Only the position of  bonds, lone pair, no unpaired electron
positive or negative charge changes.  diamagnetic
93. (D) OSF2
102. (B) Li2 (6 e  ) :  1s 2  1s 2 2 s 2
1
H  [6  2  0  0]  4 42
2 BO = 1
Sp3 hybridized 2
Pyramidal geometry due to presence of lone Li2 (5e  ) :  1s 2 1s 2 2 s1
pair. 3 2
94. (A) Factual BO =  0.5
2
95. (C) BF3
Li2 (7e  ) :  1s 2 1s 2 2 s 2  2 s1
43
BO =  0.5
2
96. (B) N  N bond is shortest as the bond order is Li2 is less stable than Li2 because of more
highest (3) number of anti bonding electrons.
97. (C) KO2 is a super oxide 103. (B) In sp3 hybridization the tetrahedral geometry is
distorted to pyramidal due to the presence of 1
lone pair.
4
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
104. (C) Factual 127. (C) Tricalcium phosphate and calcium silicate is
105. (B) Thomas slag
128. (D) In this process argentite ore is dissolved in
sodium cyanide solution
Ag 2S  4NaCN 
 2Na[Ag(CN)2 ]  Na 2S
o-Nitro phenol has intra-molecular H-bonding. On addition of zinc turnings. Ag is precipitated
106. (C) Factual 2Na[Ag(CN)2 ]  Zn 
 Na 2 [Zn(CN)4 ]  2Ag 
107. (C) H-bond comes into play when H-atoms are
trapped between more electronegative elements 129. (A) FeO is capable of forming slag with SiO2
like N, O or F. SiO2  FeO  FeSiO3
108. (A) these are called ores. 130. (C) Ca and K are strong reducing agents, hence
109. (C) Impurities associated with minerals are called their oxides can not be reduced with carbon.
gangue or matrix. 131. (B) The given reaction is the method named as Van
110. (B) Since silica is acidic impurity the flux must be Arkel for the purification of Titanium
basic. 132. (B) When molten zinc is added to water, granulated
e.g. CaO  SiO 2 
 CaSiO3 zinc is obtained
111. (A) Dolomite on calcination gives CaO,.MgO 133. (A)The more the oxidation state, the more is the
which provides basic lining in furnace. acidic character. MnO, Mn 2 O3 are basic. MnO 2 is
2 3 4
112. (B) Cryolite is used in the electrolysis of alumina to
amphoteric and Mn2O7 is acidic.
lower the melting point and to increase electrical
conductivity. 134. (D) incorrect, Transition metals exhibit variable
113. (B) Cassiterite contains the magnetic impurities of valency
FeSO4 and concentrated by electromagnetic 135. (B) Cu   Ar  3d10 , Cu 2  Ar  3d9 Ti 4  Ar  3d 0 , V5 Ar  3d 0 .
separation. Only Cu++ contains unpaired electron hence
114. (C) Cinnabar is sulphide ore HgS. Hence purified coloured.
by froth floatation process. 136. (D)
+
+9
0 –
115. (B) Calcination is used for removal and C
u
3
d4
s —
1
u
n
p
a
i
r
ed
e
decomposition of volatile impurities.
116. (D) Calcination is heating of ore in a suitable 3+ 1 1 –
Ti 3d 4s — 1 unpaired e
furnace in absence of air much below its melting 2+ 8 –
Ni 3d — 2 unpaired e
point to cause decomposition and elimination of
volatile products.
++ 5 –
117. (A) Mac Arthur process is used for Ag and Au. Mn 3d — 5 unpaired e
118. (B) In Goldschmidt aluminothermic process Since Mn2 Contains maximum number of unpaired
reducing agent is Al powder. electrons hence it has maximum magnetic moment
119. (B) Cyanide process is used for gold (I-D); froath 137. (B)
floatation process - pine oil (II-B); Electrolytic Cu 2  Ar  3d9 Ti 4  Ar  3d 0 Co 2  Ar  3d 7 Fe 2  Ar  3d 6 6.
reduction - Al (III-C); Zone refining -Ge (IV-(A).
138. (B) Ferrous ferricyanide is known as Turbull’s blue
120. (B) Cuprite is Cu2O and Argentite is Ag2S.
139. (C) FeSO4 . NH 4 2 SO 4 .6H 2 O in solution well give
121. (A) MnO2 is pyrolusite (oxide ore).
2
122. (D) Cassiterite is an ore of Sn also known as tin Fe , 2 SO24 , 2 NH 4 hence total number of ions
stone SnO2
is 5
123. (C) Na3AlF6 lowers the melting point and brings
140. (D) Ziegler Natta Catalyst is Al C2 H5 3
TiCl3 .
conductivity.
124. (B) Silver containing lead is purified by cupellation. The active species is Ti3 .
125. (D) Pure metal always deposits at cathode. 141. (C) Parke’s process is used for extraction of silver.
126. (A) Gypsum is CaSO4.2H2O 142. (A) NH 4 ions are detected by Nessler's reagent.

5
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
143. (A) In Ti H 2 O
3
electronic configuration of 151. (B) Cu 2AgNO3 Cu NO3 2 2Ag. Cu 2 will
6
give blue solution. Cu is below in ECS than K and
Ti3 is Ar 3d1 . The presence of one unpaired
Zn hence no reaction will happen with them
electron makes the ion coloured
144. (C)In neutral medium MnO4 3e Mn 4 152. (C) There is no reaction between NaNO3 and AgCl
7 4
Change in oxidation no. = 3 AgCl 2Na 2S2O3 Na3 Ag S2O3 2
NaCl
Eq.wt. M3 AgCl 2NH4OH Ag NH3 2 Cl 2H2O
2 2
145. (A) KMnO4 MnO2 Mn Mn OH 3 MnO 4
4AgCl 2Na 2CO3 4NaCl 4Ag 2CO2 O2
O.S of Mn +7 +4 +2 +3 +6
153. (A) Ionic size of La3+ is more than Lu 3 Hence
electrons 0 3 5 4 1
La OH 3 is more basic than Lu(OH)3
transferred
wt 1000 154. (B) Ag2S  4NaCN  2O2  2Na Ag  CN2   Na 2SO4
146. (D) N
Eq.wt V
X is S and Y is O2.
0.05 49.04 100 155. (A) According to their positions in the periods,
wt 0.2452g
1000 these values are in the order:
147. (A) 2CuSO4 4KI Cu2I2 2K2SO4 I2 . CuSO4 Yb3  Pm3  Ce3  La 3
doest not reacts with KCl, KBr or KF. At. Nos. 70 61 58 57
Fehling solution (alk. CuSO4) gives Cu 2O with This is due to lanthanide contraction.
reducing substances 1
strong z
CuSO 4 CuO SO3 156. (C)
1 z2 1.06 71
148. (D) Developing in photography involves 2 = 0.85 Å
2 z1 2 57
decomposition of Ag Br
5 5
C6 H 4  OH  2  2AgBr  C6 H 4 O2  2HBr  2Ag 3
d 4
s
52

149. (D) NO3 ions are reduced by nascent hydrogen 157. (A) M
n3
d4
s
6 2
3
d 4
s
Metal  HNO3  Metal nitrate  H 62
2HNO3  8H  N2O  5H2O F
e3d
4
s
3 2
150. (C)Both MnO2and KMnO4 are used for the 3
d 4
s
32
preparation of chlorine by the action of Conc. HCl V3
d
4s
MnO2  4HCl  MnCl2  2H2O  Cl2 Electronic configuration of Cr is
2KMnO4  16HCl  2KCl  2MnCl2  8H2O  5Cl2 3
d 4
s

Chlorine is not obtained by dil. HCl

So due to half filled orbital, Cr is most stable
hence its ionization enthalpy is highest.

6
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 REVISION BOOKLET
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
HOME ASSIGNMENT-2
SOLUTIONS

SOLUTIONS
1. (B) 27. (C) Actually these exist in the ratio.
2. (D) KH  H 2O  KOH  H 2  Protium : Deuterium : Tritium
3. (A) Hydrogen burns in air with a light bluish flame. 1 : 1.56 10-2 : 110 17
4. (A) Ortho and para hydrogen show different spin in a 28. (D) SO3  D2O  D2 SO4 dideutero-sulphuric acid.
hydrogen molecule it does not show hydrogen
29. (C) Pure hydrogen is obtained by the electrolysis of
isotopes.
5. (D) Boiling point of liquid hydrogen is lowest of
Ba(OH ) 2 solution in a U-tube using nickel
given substances so it is distilled first. electrode. The gas is liberated at the cathode and is
6. (D) Mg  2 HNO3  Mg ( NO3 ) 2  H 2  passed over heated platinum gauze to remove oxygen
if present as impurity.
7. (A) Ortho and para hydrogen differ in proton spin.
8. (C) Factual 30. (B) Deuterium ( 12 H ) and hydrogen ( 11 H ) both have
9. (B) Number of neutrons = Mass number – Atomic same atomic number but different mass number so
number = 3 – 1 = 2 they have similar chemical but different physical
10. (A) Factual properties.
11. (D) Because Al has more affinity for oxygen than 31. (D) V .oil  H 2 
Ni
 Fat

hydrogen.
12. (D) Helium is a noble gas and does not combine with 32. (A) 2H ⇌ H 2 ; H  104.5 kcal
hydrogen. 33. (A) For diatomic gases (e.g. H 2 ) r  C p / Cv  1.40
13. (D) CaH 2 is known as hydrolith. For monoatomic gases r  1.66
14. (B) Zn displaces hydrogen from the boiling solution For triatomic gases r  1.33
of NaOH. 34. (C) Ionic hydrides are good reducing agents.
Zn  2 NaOH  2 H 2O  Na2 [ Zn(OH ) 4 ]  H 2  35. (B) 4 LiH  AlCl3 
Ether
 LiAlH 4  3LiCl
15. (C) Because dihydrogen is less reactive. 36. (C) BeH 2 and MgH 2 have significant covalent
16. (C) 1 H 3 has 3 nucleons (1 proton + 2 neutrons) and character.
one electron so sum of these is 3 + 1 = 4. 37. (C) Anhydrous CaCl2 is used for fast drying of
17. (A) It is 0.4 kJ/mol.

neutral gases.
18. (B) H  1s ; He  1s
2 2
38. (D) Hydrogen is a non-metal while all other members
19. (D) Ca  H 2  CaH 2   Ca (OH ) 2  2 H 2
2 H 2O
of group 1 (alkali metals) are metals.
20. (C) It is Bosch process. 39. (C) Mercury (Hg) will not displace hydrogen.
21. (D) Heavy water is not unstable. 40. (B) Strength = Normality  Eq. mass  1.5 17 (eq.
1
22. (A) F2 has maximum tendency to react with mass of H 2O2 )  25.5 gL
hydrogen. the decreasing order of reactivity is 41. (C) D2 O in which D  1 H 2
F2  Cl2  Br2  I 2 . 42. (B) Heavy water freezes at a slightly higher
23. (C) IE of H is 1312 kJ/mole. temperature than water.
24. (C) For example HF , NaH , H 2 43. (A) Chlorides and sulphates of Mg and Ca produces
  (0) permanent hardness and bicarbonates of Mg and Ca
25. (D) produces temporary hardness.
26. (D) Alkali metals are good reducing agents because 44. (C) Washing soda removes both the temporary and
of low ionization energy and hydrogen also shows permanent hardness by converting soluble calcium
same character.
7
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 and magnesium compounds into insoluble Ionic radius – 76 102 138 152 167
carbonates. (pm)
CaCl2  Na2CO3  CaCO3  2 NaCl , as the atomic no. increases the no. of shells increases
hence, atomic radius increases.
CaSO4  Na2CO3  CaCO3  Na2 SO4
60. (C) On moving down the group electropositive
Ca( HCO3 )2  Na2CO3  CaCO3  2 NaHCO3 . character increases.
45. (D) The H  O  H angle in water molecule is 61. (B) Actually Li is harder then other alkali metals
about 105° (due to two lone pair of electron). 62. (B) Although lattice energy of LiCl higher than
46. (C) pH of neutral water at room temperature is seven. NaCl but LiCl is covalent in nature and NaCl ionic
47. (C) The low density of ice compared to water is due there after, the melting point decreases as we move
to hydrogen bonding interactions. own from NaCl because the lattice energy decreases
48. (C) Polyphosphates (sodium hexametaphosphates, as a size of alkali metal atom increases (lattice
sodium tripolyphosphate or STPP) from soluble energy  melting point of alkali metal halide)
complexes with Ca 2 , Mg 2 present in hard water. 63. (A) LiOH < NaOH < KOH < RbOH
49. (D) Critical temperature of water is more than O2 Down the group basic character increases
64. (B) Factual
due to its dipole moment (Dipole moment of water =
65. (A) Due to low I.E., the valence electrons can show
1.84 D; Dipole moment of O2  zero D) .
energy transitions by gaining energy from the visible
50. (D) Factual. light.
51. (D) MnO2 , PbO2 and BaO will not give H 2O2 with 66. (D) Ca 2  Na   Mg 2  Al 3
HCl.MnO2 and PbO2 will give Cl2 and BaO will 67. (B) Li   e  Li , E o  3.05 V , K   e  K ,
react with HCl to give BaCl2 and water. E o  2.93 V , Ca2  2e  Ca , E o  2.87 V
52. (A) Cu and dil. HCl will not produce H 2 . 68. (B) Na is a reactive element and reacts with NH3 and
53. (A) Pure para isomer of H2 can be obtained at 20K. alcohols.
54. (A) Water obtained from organic ion-exchange resins 69. (D) Li, Na, K are lighter than water but Rb is
is free from all ionic impurities. heavier than water.
55. (A) 70. (A) 6 Li  N 2  2 Li3 N Lithium nitride.
56. (B) Element Na K 71. (D)
IE1 496 419 72. (B) Atomic number 11 Na  Na2O ,
IE2 4562 3051 Na2O  H 2O  2 NaOH
(base)
Sodium has higher I.E. because of smaller atomic
size. 73. (D) Due to free electron liquid ammonia becomes
57. (C) Alkali metals are highly reactive metals. They paramagnetic.
react with 74. (C) Substances with low values of reduction
Alcohol – 2C2 H 5OH  2 K  2C2 H 5OK  H 2 potential are strong reducing agents.
1
Water – 2 K  2 H 2O  2 KOH  H 2 75. (D) 2 Na  O2  
moist air
 Na2O
2
K  ( x  y ) NH 3   K ( NH 3 ) x  

Ammonia – Na2O  2 H 2O  2 NaOH  H 2 .
Ammoniated cation
76. (A) K has lowest value of IE
[e( NH 3 ) y ]
Ammoniated electron
77. (C) Lattice enthalpy of carbonates of Alkali metal
decreases down the group
But they do not react with kerosene.  
58. (B) After removal of an electron the effective nuclear 78. (C) Na   x  y  NH3   Na  NH3 x   e  NH3 4 
charge per electron increases hence the size 79. (A) Atomic radius and hence atomic volume is
decreases. biggest in the respective periods.
59. (B) Element – Li Na K Rb 80. (A) Lithium has high heat of hydration.
Cs 81. (C) Because other metals react with alcohol.
8
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 82. (B) CaCO3. MgCO3 102. (AB) Be and Mg do not impart any colour to Bunsen
2
83. (A) Group two elements have [Noble gas] ns flame due to their high ionization enthalpies.
configuration. 103. (C) Calcium oxalate is insoluble in acetic acid.
84. (A) Factual 104. (A) Magnesium is obtained by the electrolysis of its
85. (D) BeSO4 is most soluble because hydration fused anhydrous salt.
energy is more than lattice energy. 105. (B) Potash magnesiais a fertilizer.
K2SO4.MgSO4.6H2O
BeSO4 > MgSO4 > CaSO4 > SrSO4 > BaSO
106. (C) ‘B’ in diborane is sp3 hybridized.
Hydration energy decreases hence, solubility 107. (A) Acidic nature of oxides increases across the
decreases. period and decreases down the group.
86. (B) The enamel of our teeth is CaF2 . 108. (A)
87. (D) Mg burns in air to give MgO and Mg 3 N 2 109. (D)
2Mg  O2  2MgO 110. (B) Dilthey in 1921 proposed a bridge structure for
diborane. Four hydrogen atoms, two on the left and
3Mg  N 2  Mg3 N 2 two on the right, known as terminal hydrogens and
88. (A) Compounds of alkaline earth metals are two boron atoms lie in the same plane. Two
diamagnetic in nature. It is due to the absence of hydrogen atoms forming bridges, one above and
unpaired electrons. other below, lie in a plane perpendicular to the rest of
2
89. (A) Be compounds do not impart any colour to the molecule.
flame. H
1 111. (C) 2 H BO  B O 
1.23 ÅH O
3
90. (C) CaSO4 . H2O is plaster of paris.
3 H
3 2 3 2
H
2 112. (C) 4 Al  s   3O2  gB  2 Al2O3 97°
122° s  B 122°
91. (A) Limestone is not used in the extraction of 113. (D) 2KOH H2 Al  2H2O  2KAlO2  3H2 H
1.19 Å
phosphorus from phosphorite , Ca3 ( PO4 ) 2 . 114. (C) SO 2 is soluble in water H
92. (C) Mg is a strong reducing agent and can be reduced H 2O  SO 2  H 2 SO 3 1.77 Å
Sulphurus acid
only by electrolysis of its molten salt.
115. (B) Concentrated H 2 SO 4 is diluted by adding the
93. (A) A solution MgCl2 in water is acidic ( pH  7)
conc. H 2 SO 4 in the water drop by drop with constant
due to hydrolysis.
stirring because it is an exothermic reaction and by
MgCl2  2 H 2O  Mg (OH) 2  2 H   Cl 
doing so heat is generated slowly and dissipated in
94. (B) The effective component to bleaching powder is the atmosphere.
OCl  . 1
116. (A) CHCl 3  O2  COCl 2  HCl
95. (C) Barium gives green colour in fire works 2
Phosgene or carbonyl
chloride
96. (C) The solubilities of carbonates decreases down the 117. (A) HI is the strongest reducing agent among
magnesium group due to decreases in hydration halogen acids because of lowest bond dissociation
energies of cations. energy.
97. (BC) CaO can be used for drying H2 and NH3. 118. (BD)Electron affinity of Cl is maximum
2
It cannot be used to dry Cl2 or CO2 as it react with Element – F Cl Br I
these gases E.A. kJ/mole – 332.6 348.5 324.7 295.5
CaO  CO2  CaCO3 Boiling pt (oC) – –34.6 59.5 185.2
CaO  Cl2  H 2O
 CaOCl2 18
8.
98. (C) Calcium is the lightest alkaline earth metal
1
(density = 1.55 g cm–3)
119. (D) As the atomic number increases electronegativity
99. (C) Carnallite (2KCl.MgCl2.6H2O) is an important
decreases. Hence, tendency to gain electron
ore of Mg.
decreases.
100. (AC) Setting of cement is an exothermic process. It
120. (A) HF is a weak acid due to intermolecular
also involves an increase in volume.
hydrogen bonding.
101. (D) BeSO4.4H2O; MgSO4.7H2O; CaSO4.2H2O
9
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
121. (A) H 2O consist of highest boiling point than other oxidising agents. It oxidises strong reducing agents
hydride (Due to presence of the hydrogen bonding). such as hydroiodic acid, sulphurous acid etc.
122. (A) Gas – H 2 O 2 He N 2 It oxidises Fe 2 into Fe 3 in acidic medium;
Mol. mass – 2 32 4 28 Fe 2  HNO 2  H   Fe 3  NO  H 2 O

123. (C) Quartz is a crystalline variety of silica. It reduces acidified KMnO4 .

124. (B) Ne 10  1s 2 2 s 2 2 p 6 2KMnO4  3 H2SO4  5 HNO2 
125. (C) Xe  Kr  Ar  Ne  He K 2 SO 4  2MnSO 4  3 H 2 O  5 HNO 3
Solubility in decreasing order. Solubility increases as 140. (B) When N 2 O is inhaled in moderate quantities, it
the polarizability of the central atom increases. produces hysterical laughter, hence the name
126. (A) laughing gas.
127. (D) Factual * *
128. (C) Suppose the oxidation state of Xe is x . XeOF2 141. (C) NH 4 NO 2 ⇌ N H 4  N O 2
(Oxidation number ) x  4  1 x  4  1
x  (2)  2(1)  0 x 22 0x  4. x  1  4  3 x  3
129. (C) I 2  I   I 3 142. (B) NH 4 Cl  NaNO2  NH 4 NO 2  NaCl
(aq) (aq)
130. (D) Zero group is called a buffer group because it lies
NH 4 NO 2  N 2  2 H 2 O
heat
between highly electronegative halogens and highly (g) (l)

electropositive alkali metal element. 143. (D) NH 4 NO 3  N 2 O  2 H 2 O

heat

131. (D) CaF2 is insoluble in water as its lattice enthalpy (Laughing gas)

is higher than the hydration enthalpy. 144. (B) BiCl3  H2O  BiOCl  2HCl
132. (A) Nessler's reagent is K2 HgI4 . 145. (D) NH 3 PH 3 AsH 3 SbH3
133. (B) Thermite mixture Fe2O3  Al B.pt in (K) 238.5 185.5 210.6 254.6
134. (D) 2 Na2 S2O3  I 2  Na2 S4O6  2 NaI 146. (D)
147. (A)
135. (B) When hydrogen peroxide react with PbS then
148. (B) Liquid ammonia is used in refrigeration because
they form PbSO4 .
it has high heat of vaporisation.
PbS  H 2O2  PbSO4  H 2O 149. (D) PH 3 insoluble in water because does not consist
136. (C) Pb  Sn of hydrogen bond.
137. (D) Bismuth is a metal 150. (C) 3Cu  8 NHO3  3Cu (NO3 )2  4 H 2 O  2 NO
Nitric oxide

151. (B) Ammomium nitrate is neutral fertilizer.

138. (B) 152. (B) In the Haber process for the manufacture of
NH 3 , Fe is used catalyst and Mo as a promotre.
153. (A) H3 PO2 is hypophosphorus acid
154. (B)
3 - OH groups are present hence it is tribasic. 155. (B) BiCl5 does not exist because +3 oxidation state of
139. (C) Nitrous acid behaves as reducing as well as an Bi s more stable than +5 due to inert pair effect.
oxidising agent. It reduces potassium permanganate,
potassium dichromate, H 2 O 2 and other strong

10
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 REVISION BOOKLET
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
HOME ASSIGNMENT-3
SOLUTIONS

SOLUTIONS
1. (C) Glucose reduces silver nitrate to colloidal silver 21. (B) Decreasing of the pressure leads to releasing of
3+
2. (A) Fe ion coagulate the soluble proteins (present the adsorbed gases in physical adsorption and hence
in blood plasm(A) which are negatively charged. is known as reversible adsorption.
3. (C) Gum arabic acts as a protective colloid. 22. (A) Greater the valency of the oppositely charged of
4. (B) A catalyst lowers the energy barrier and hence the ion of the electrolyte added faster is the
lowers the activation energy coagulation.
5. (C) 23. (C)
6. (B) 24. (B) Critical micelle concentration is the minimum
7. (C) concentration above associated colloids can form.
8. (A) 25. (C)
9. (C) Gelatin is a gel that on cooling rather than 26. (D) Peptization is a process of converting a
crystallizing, forms a semisolid form in which the precipitate into into colloidal particle by adding
dispersed phase is present in the loose frame work suitable electrolytes.
formed by the interlocking of the dispersion medium. 27. (A) Smaller the particles, larger the surface area.
10. (D) 28. (C)
11. (A) Dilute soap solutions are true solutions while 29. (B)
concentrated soap solutions have micelles of RCOO- 30. Both (A) and (D)
ions hence are associated colloids. 31. (A) The alkene is treated with a catalyst consisting of
12. (A) When electrolyte is added to a colloidal solution (C2H5)3Al + TiCl4 under suitable conditions. The
the particles take up the positive charge of the alkene first forms a coordination complex with the
electrolyte and get neutralized and aggregate together transition metal titanium by donating its  
to settle down as precipitate electrons. The  complex thus formed then react
13. (D) Higher the valency of the oppositely charged stepwise with a large no. of alkene molecules
ions of the electrolyte being added, faster the ultimately leading to the formation of a polymer.
coagulation. 32. (B) Nylon-66 is a polyamide, hence it has only –
14. (C) A catalyst alters the rate of reaction by providing CONH– linkage and no –COO– linkage.
an alternate path of reaction by which the same 33. (C) Glyptal is used for making paints & lacquers.
equilibrium point is achieved earlier. 34. (A) Dacron is a condensation polymers whereas all
15. (D) Gold sol can be prepared by the reduction of very other are addition polymers.
dilute solutions of their salts with suitable reducing 35. (B) Vulcanization is a process in which natural
agents. rubber is treated with 3-5% sulphur.
16. (B) Cataphoresis is the movement of the colloidal 36. (B)
particles under the influence of electric field . 37. (C) Polymers whose repeating structural units are
17. (A) The dialysis membrane permits small particles of derived from only one type of monomer units are
excess ions top pass through but colloid size particles called homopolymers e.g. Teflon, styron and
such as haemoglobin do not pass through. neoprene.
18. (C) During chemisorption only unimolecular layer
is formed.
19. (D) in physioadsorption the adsorbed molecules are
held to the surface of the adsorbant with weak van
der Waal’s forces
20. (A)

11
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
38. (A) Bakelite: Phenol formaldehyde resin 58. (D) Ligand is an atom or group of atom which bind
to the central metal atom or ion through it. the lone
pair of electrons present on its donor atom.
59. (C)
60. (C)
61. (B) Ferrous ammonium sulphate (Mohr salt) is a
double salt whereas all other are coordination
compounds.
62. (B) Purssian blue (PB) can be obtained by the
39. (D) addition of Fe (III) salt to a solution of [Fe (CN)6]4–.
O NOH O
Turnbull’s blue raised by the related reaction where
NH2OH Beckmann NH H2 O
H2N(CH2)5COOH the valences are switched on the ion precursors. ie
rearrangement
the addition of a Fe (II) salt to a solution of
Cyclo hexanone Oxime Caprolactam -Amino Caproic acid
O O [Fe(CN)6]3–. One obtains an intensely blue colured
material, whose hue was claimed to differ from that
–(NH(CH2)5–C–NH–(CH2)5–C)–n
Polymerise of P.B. It is now appreciated that TB and PB are the
Nylon-6

40. (C) Palmitate is just a salt or an ester of palmitic acid same because of rapidly of electron exchange
(a fatty acid of the formula, C15H31COOH) through a Fe – CN – Fe linkage.
63. (A) Tollen’s reagent is an ammonical solution of
41. (C) Polythene is a linear polymer
solution of silver nitrate.
42. (A) F2C = CF2 is a monomer of Teflon.
AgCl + 2NH3  [Ag(NH3)2]+ + Cl–
43. (D) Terylene is a copolymer of ethylene glycol &
64. (C) AgBr  2Na 2S2O3  Na3[Ag(S2O3 )2 ]  NaBr
terephthalic acid.
44. (C) PMMA is an addition homopolymer of methyl This reaction has been used in photography to
methacrylate. remove undecomposed silver halide on photographic
45. (D) PTFE also known as Teflon is used for making film or paper.
non-stick utensils coating. 65. (C) Number of Unpaired electrons
46. (D) [Fe(CN)6 ]4 ,[CoCl4 ]2 ,[MnCl4 ]2
zero three five
47. (B) Nylon is a polyamide polymer.
48. (D) Polymers are high molecular mass compounds. The greater the number of unpaired electrons, the
49. (A) higher the value of magnetic moment
66. (C) l
50. (B) Styron is a polyolefin, Terylene is a polyester &
67. (B) Geometrical isomerism arises when the identical
Orlon is a polyacrylate.
ligands either occupy adjacent positions to each other (cis)
51. (D) Thermosetting polymers do not soften on or are placed opposite to each other (trans).
heating, because they have strongest molecular [Co(NH3 )3 (NO2 )3 ] exists in cis and trans forms.
forces.
68. (B) Compound containing at least one metal-carbon bond
52. (B) are called as organo metallic. i.e. Bond between C of
53. (B) Lexan is a polycarbonate and is prepared by organic molecule and metal atom.
condensation copolymerisation of diethyl carbonate
69. (B) [Fe(CN)6 ]4 complex ion contains 26 Fe
2
.E.C is
and bisphenol. It has usually high impact strength
and hence is used in making bullet proof windows. 1s 2 , 2s 2 p6 ,3s 2 p6 d 6 =
3
d s
S4
4 p
54. (D) Polyurethanes are obtained by condensation of
toluene di-isocynate with ethylene glycol. (due to strong ligand, the electrons in 3d shell are
55. (B) Nylons are polyamides. paired)
56. (A) C.N is 6, hybridization d 2 sp3 , octahedral,
57. (B) In aqueous solution, double salts give the test of diamagnetic since no unpaired electron is present.
all their constituent ions i.e. the individual 70. (C) In Ni(CO)4 O.N. of Ni = 0
components of double salt do not lose their identity.
Ni = 1s2, 2s2 2p6, 3s2 3p6 3d8, 4s2
e.g FeSO4.(NH4)2 SO4.6H2O(Mohr’s salt)
In excitation Ni = 1s2, 2s2 2p6, 3s2 3p6 3d10

12
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 3d 4s 4p 82. (B) Gammexene is benzene hexachloride.
83. (C) Chloromophores are groups which impart colour
to a compound and auxochromes are groups which
Unpaired electron 3 themselves do not absorb light but deepens the
sp -hybridisation
colour when introduced into the coloured
Hence geometry of Ni(CO)4 is tetrahedral.
compounds.
In Ni(PPh3)2 Cl2 O.N. of Ni = +2 (its coordination 84. (C) Vat dyes are insoluble dyes which are first
no.=4) reduced to colourless soluble form in large vats with
Ni2+ = 1s2, 2s22p6, 3s23p63d8 a reducing agent and applied to the fabric and then
3d
8 oxidised to the insoluble coloured form by exposure
4s 4p to air or some oxidising agents e.g. indigo.
85. (B) Detol is a mixture of chloroxylenol and
Unpaired electron 3
terpeneol.
sp -hybridisation 86. (B) The given structure represents DDT.
Hence geometry of Ni(PPh3)2Cl2 is tetrahedral 87. (B) The given compound is aspirin (salicyclic acid)
71. (B) The Primary valencies are given by the O. N. of which acts as analgesic.
central metal atom . In K4 [Fe(CN)6] the O. N. of Fe is +2 88. (C) A propellant is a combination of an oxidiser and
hence the primary valency of iron is 2 a full which when ignited undergoes combustion to
72. (C) In [Co(CO)5NH3]2+ CO is bonded to cobalt release large volume of hot gases
89. (B)
through  and  bonding
90. (C)
73. (B) [Fe(C2O4)3]3–. The iron is present in the highest
91. (C) Benzene hexa chloride (hammexene) is an
oxidation state Fe3+ and C2 O 24  is a chelating ligand. insecticide.
Chelates are always more stable complexes 92. (C)
74. (C) The complex compound [Co(en)2NO2Cl] Br can have 93. (D)
O 94. (B) Measle is a viral disease.
NO2 group differently linked to central metal atom – N 95. (A) The azo dyes contains one or more axo group –N
O = N– as the chromophore.
or O – N = O
75. (A) The compounds of the types (A(A)2B2 exhibit both e.g. HO3S N=N N(CH3)2
geometrical and optical isomerism
Methyl orange
76. (D) EAN is given by Atomic number of central metal
atom + 2 x CN – O.S. 96. (C)
97. (A)
 EAN of Fe in [Fe(CN)6]3– is 26+12–3 =35
98. (B) Sodium lauryl sulphate is a detergent
77. (D) The number of ammonia molecules is 6. Each
99. (A) SLV-3 (Space Launch Vehicle-3) is used as
ammonia molecule contains 3 Covalent bonds between N.
composite solid proepllants.
and H. Therefore the number of covalent bonds is 18.
78. (C) Actually 4KCN. Fe(CN)2 is K4 [Fe (CN)6] and it is a 100. (A) Insulin is given to the patients having diabities.
coordination compound. 101. (C)
79. (A) The Primary valencies are ionisable and represented 102. (D) Mordont dyes are applied to the fabric after
by dotted line. treating them with a metal ion which acts as binding
80. (B)Spicies Hybridisation agent between the dye and the fabric.
(A) [Fe(CN)6]3– d2sp3 103. (A) Phenolphthalein is used in the titration of a
(C) [Ni(CN)4]2– dsp2 strong acid and a strong base.
(C) [Zn (NH3)4]2+ sp3 104. (A) Anthraquinone dye – alizarin.
(D) [Fe F6]3 sp3d2 105. (C) Only phenolpthalein does not posses antiseptic
81. (B) properties.

13
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 REVISION BOOKLET
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
HOME ASSIGNMENT-1
SOLUTIONS

SOLUTIONS
1. (D) Anti or completely staggard

Staggard form is most stable because of minimum repulsion between bulky methyl groups.
2. (A) Due to more stable carbocation.
3. (B) Na  is not an electrophile.
4. (A) R  I  R  Br  R  Cl  R  F
5. (A) Carbonium ion is planar species
6. (BC)
O OH
|| |
CH 3  C  CH 3 CH 3  C  CH 2
Tautomerism

O OH
|| |
CH 3  C  H CH 2  C  H
Tautomerism

7. (D) CH 3  CH 2  CH 2  CH 2  NH 2
(1 - aminobutan e)

CH 3  CH 2  CH  CH 3
|
NH 2
(2 - aminobutan e)

CH 3
|
CH 3  C  CH 3
|
NH 2
(2 - Methyl- 2 - aminopropa ne)

3 2 1
CH 3  CH  CH 2  NH 2
|
CH 3
(2 - Methyl-1 - aminopropa ne)

8. (A) The possible monochlorinated products of 2-methyl butane are

Therefore, a total of two chiral compounds are obtained.

9. (B) Dimethyl ether is a functional isomer of ethanol.
10. (D) Due to steric hinderance
1
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
11. (C) (ii) > (iii) > (i) > (iv)
CH 3
|
12. (C) CH 3 CH 2*CHCH 2 CH 2 CH 3 has a chiral carbon atom and hence is optically active.
13. (A) CH 3

H O
H
CH3 O
H
H
Following the procedure outlined under 'Golden Rule' the absolute configuration is 1s, 2s.
14. (B)
sp 3
CH 3
|
sp 3 3
15. (C) CH 3  C sp  OH
|
CH 3
sp 3

All the carbon atoms are sp 3 hybridized.

CH 3
16. (B) CH  CH
H 3C
  0 symmetrical structure.
17. (B)

(1) Molecule is planar and has complete conjugation.

(2) 6 electrons are present. (Huckle’s rule of (4n + 2) e–)
18. (B) Carboxylic acids are easily ionized because there is resonance in carboxylate ion due to - electron shifting
so H  get ionised very easily.
O O
C O H C H
..
⇌ O

19. (D)
20. (A)

21. (A) It is hyperconjugation process.

22. (A) Triphenyl Phenyl cation has three benzene resonating ring so it is most stable compound.
23. (B) Due to mesomeric effect (+) of – OH group the electron density on benzene ring increase. So the
electrophile easily attacked on these electron rich center.
24. (C) Carbonyl carbon become more reactive toward nucleophilic addition by increasing the +I effect of alkyl
group so the reactivity order is as
HCHO  CH 3 CHO  CH 3 COCH 3
I II IIII

H CH 3 CH 3
CO CO CO
H H CH 3
25. (C) The octet of all atoms are complete in structures (a) and (b). In structure (d) electron deficiency of
positively charged carbon is duly compensated by lone pair electrons of adjacent oxygen atom while such
neighbour group support is not available in structure (c).

2
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
   
26. (B) CH 3  CH  CH 3  CH  CH 3  CH
| | |
CH 3 OCH 3 COCH 3
27. (D) The remaining free radicals combine to terminate the reaction.
1 2 3 4
28. (A) Br  CH2  CH2  Br 
 Br  CH 2  CH 2  Br
H2
sp sp Catalyst
sp 3 sp 3

29. (A) (i) Benzene and its derivatives are always

planar because all the carbon in benzene are sp 2 hybridized.
H
(v) CH 2  C
H
Both the carbon are sp 2 hybridized. Therefore planar.
30. (D) It has 18 bonds and 3 bonds.

31. (BC) H 2C  HC  HC  CH 2
1,3butadiene

32. (C) In ethylene molecule carbons are sp2 hybridised so its structure is trigonal planar
33. (B) HC  C  CH
2
 CH 2
sp sp

34. (D) Resonance structure of molecule does not have identical bonding.
sp 3 sp 2 sp 3 sp 3 sp 2
35. (A) CH 3  CO  CH 3 CH 3 COOH
Acetone Acetic acid
sp 3 sp sp 3 sp 2
CH 3  C  N CH 3  CONH 2
Acetonitri le Acetamide

36. (C) Fluorine is most electronegative, oxygen is the second most electronegative element.
  
37. (B) HNO3  H 2 SO4  NO2  H 3O  HSO4
38. (C) Peroxide effect
39. (D)

It is antiaromatic.
40. (B)
41. (D) It is SN 2 type of reaction.
Cl 2  2Cl 
Light
42. (C)
CH3 CH2Cl
Cl 

  H  (Freeradical substitution)

43. (A) It is nucleophilic substitution reaction which is in first order.

 
44. (D) AlCl3  Cl  Cl  AlCl4  Cl
CH2
|| CH3
45. (D) CH  HCl  |
|
CHCl2
Cl
(1, 1 dichloroethane)

3
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 It is addition reaction.
Which is according to Markownikoff rule.
46. (A) Electron deficient species (in complete octet) acts as an electrophile i.e. BCl3 .
47. (A) The phenyl ring having H – N< group is activated while another one is deactivated due to  C  , so
||
O
electrophilic aromatic bromination will occur at para position with respect to H – N< group inactivated ring.
48. (D) CH 3  O  is the strongest nucleophile which is capable of acting as donar of electron pair.
49. (A) AlCl3 is lewis acid i.e., electron deficient compound. So it is electrophile.
50. (A) Conjugated acid of Cl  is a stronger acid i.e., HCl .
Cl– is a weak base and a good leaving group.
H
|
51. (A) C Tetrahedral structure
Cl | Cl
H
sp 3 hybridization

52. (A, C) Carbonium ions an sp2 hybridized species.

H  CH 3 
C H C H
H H
(CH 3 ) (C 2 H 5 )
sp
N C CN
sp
53. (C) C  C2
sp 2 sp
N C CN
sp sp

54. (D) Because hydrogen is attached with high electronegative element.

55. (B) Due to presence of two chlorine atom on the same side of carbon atom produces dipole moment in
molecule.
56. (C)
57. (A) Due to delocalisation of  electrons benzene has resonance.
58. (B)
   
59. (B) C6 H 5  CH 2 > CH 3 CH 2 > (CH 3 ) 2 CH > (CH 3 )3 C
Benzyl carbanion Ethyl carbanion Isopropyl carbanion Tert-butyl
Carbanion

CH 3
|
  
60. (B) CH 3  C   CH 3  CH  CH 3  CH 2  CH 3
| |
CH 3 CH 3 Methyl
1o
3o 2 carbocatio n

Greater the no. of alkyl groups, greater would be the dispersal of the charge and hence more stable will be
the carbonium ion.
61. (B)
62. (A)
63. (B)
64. (A) NO 2 is produced when conc. HNO 3 reacts with conc. H 2 SO 4 .
HNO 3  H 2 SO 4  HSO 4  NO 2  H 2 O
65. (A) All the given species undergo nucleophilic substitution reaction. This reactivity can be explained in terms of
the nature of C  X bond which is highly polarised covalent bond due to large difference in the
electronegativities of carbon and halogen atoms.
66. (C)
67. (A) CH 3  CH 2  CH 2  CH 3 and CH 3  CH  CH 3
n  butane |
CH 3
Iso  butane

4
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 H
|
68. (D) CH 3  C   CH 2  CH 3 Chiral structure is that in which one carbon atom is attached to 4 different atoms or
|
OH
groups.
CH 3
|
69. (A) HC  CH and HC  CH
| | |
CH 3 CH 3 CH 3
(Cis) (Trans)
2 - butene 2 - butene

70. (A) Four groups linked to carbon atom are different

X
|
C
|
Y Z
Z
71. (A)
72. (A)
73. (D) Five isomers of C4 H8
CH 3
|
1. CH 3  C  CH 2 2. CH 3CH 2  CH  CH 2
Isobutene 1  butene

CH 3 H
H 2C CH 2
3. | | 4. CC
H 2C CH 2
Cyclobutane
H CH 3
Trans - 2 - butene

CH 3 CH 3 CH 3
5. CC 6.
H CH 3 CH 2 CH 2
cis - 2 - butene
Methyl cyclopropane

74. (B) Polarimeter is an instrument used for measuring the optical rotation. It consists of two Nicol prisms, one
called the polarizer (near the light source) and the other called the analyser (near the eye). In between the
polarizer and analyser, a glass tube containing the solution of an optically active compound is placed.

75. (D) CH 3  CH 2  CH 2  CH 3 and CH 3  CH  CH 3

n  butane |
CH 3
Iso  butane

76. (C) Metamerism is a special types of isomerism shown by secondary amines, ethers and ketones.
77. (A) 1. CH 3  CH 2  CH 2  CH 2  OH
Butan -1- ol

2. CH 3  CH 2  CH  CH 3
|
OH
Butan - 2 - ol

3. CH 3  CH  CH 2  OH
|
CH 3
2 methyl pro pan -1- ol

5
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 CH 3
|
4. CH 3  C  CH 3
|
OH
2 - Methyl propan - 2 - ol

78. (C)
CH 3
|
79. (B) COOH  C   CH 2  CH 3
|
OH
One chiral centre. Therefore two forms are possible.
80. (A) CH 3  CH 2  CH 2  OH and CH 3  CH  CH 3
n  propyl alcohol |
OH
Iso  propyl alcohol

are position isomers of each other.

81. (A) DCH 2  CH 2  CH 2  Cl Others are chiral
H H
| |

CH 3  CH 2  C  D ; CH 3  C   CH 2  CH 2  Cl
| |
Cl D
H
|
CH 3  C   CH 2 D
|
Cl
82. (B) CH 3  O  CH 2  CH 3 and CH 3CH 2CH 2  OH
ethylmethyl ether and propylalcohol are functional isomers.
83. (B) C4 H7Cl is a monochloro derivative of C4 H8 which itself exists in three isomeric forms.
(i) CH 3  CH 2  CH  CH 2 : Its possible mono-chloro derivatives are :
CH 3  CH 2  CH  CH  Cl
2 isomers : cis and trans forms

CH 3  CH  CH  CH 2
|
Cl
optically active (exists in two forms)
ClCH 2  CH 2  CH  CH 2 (one form)
Cl
|
H 3 C  CH 2  C  CH 2 (one form)
(ii) CH 3  CH  CH  CH 3 : Its possible monochloro derivatives are :
CH 3  CH  C  CH 3
|
Cl
Exists in two geometrical forms
CH 3  CH  CH  CH 2Cl
Exists in two geometrical forms
(iii) CH 3  C  CH 2 : Its possible monochloro derivatives are
|
CH 3
CH 3  C  CH  Cl
|
CH 3

Only one form

ClCH 2  C  CH 2
|
CH 3

6
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 Only one form
Thus, the total acylic isomers forms of C4 H7Cl are 12.
84. (D) Only four structural isomers are possible for diphenyl methane.

85. (C) I > II > III

OCH 3 NO2

Methoxy group is electron releasing it increases electron density of benzene nucleus while  NO 2 decreases
electron density of benzene.
86. (B) This option shows eclipsed form of ethane.
87. (B) Due to the increasing no. of hyperconjugative structures free radical stabilise following as 3  2  1 .
H H
| |
88. (B,C) CH 3  C  CH  CH 3  and CH 3  CH 2  C   CH 3
| | |
Br CH 3 Br
O OH
|| |
89. (C,D) C6 H 5  C  CH 3 and C6 H 5  C  CH 2
(Keto form) (enol form)

O O
|| ||
C6 H 5  C  CH 2  C  CH 3 and
(Keto form)

C6 H 5  C  CH  C  CH 3
|| |
O OH
(enol form)

90. (B) C2 H 2  C2 H 4  C6 H 6  C2 H 6
1.20 Å 1.34 Å 1.39 Å 1.54 Å

91. (D) Molecule ‘A’ is benzene because in benzene bond length is between single and double bond.
92. (A) Two isomers CH 3  CH  CH 3 and
|
Cl
CH 3  CH 2  CH 2Cl are possible for C3 H7Cl .

93. (D) CH 3 CHO  HCN  CH 3  CH  CN
|
OH
(Both d and l forms are obtained) Hence, product will be a racemic mixture.
94. (B) (CH 3 )3 C  3 carbonium ion is most stable.
95. (A)
CH 3 Br CH 3
| | |
Br 
H  C  C  H  H  C  C  H  Br   H 2 O

| | H |
H CH 3 CH 3
OH 

7
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
96. (D) Both 1, 2-dichloro benzene

Hence, identical compounds.

CH 3
CH3 CH3 Both, 1, 3-dimethyl benzene

(iia)
Cl (iib)

Hence, identical compounds.

COOH
COOH

HOOC
(iiia)
COOH
(iiib)

(iiia) and (iiib) are position isomers.

97. (B)

Nitro-group is electron withdrawing therefore decreases stability.

Methoxy group is electron releasing.

Therefore increases stability by donating electron.

Chlorine is also electron withdrawing but its effect is less than  NO 2 group.
Hence, correct order of stability.
   
CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2

O Cl NO 2
| Least
CH 3 stable
Most stable

98. (D)
8
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
99. (C) Stability of carbanions increase with increase in s-character of hybrid orbitals of carbon bearing charge,
hence correct order is : sp 3  sp 2  sp .
100. (B) C 2 H 5  S  C 2 H 5 and CH 3  S  C3 H7
Diethyl thioether Methyl propyl
thioether

are metamers.

101. (D) Peroxide effect is observed in case of HBr only. With HCl product is formed according to
markovnikov’s rule.
102. (A) Electrophillic addition occurs in the absence of peroxides.
103. (A) Allylic chlorination.
104. (A) (CH3)3CMgBr + D-OD --------- (CH3)3CD + Mg(OD)Br
105. (C) Friedel-crafts alkylation of benzene with n-propylbromide will give isopropylbenzene as the
major product. Therefore Wurtz-fitting reaction is the right choice.
106. (D)
Zn/alcohol
107. (D) CH3-CHBr-CHBr-CH3 ---------------------- CH3-CH=CH-CH3
β α -ZnBr2 2-butene

4000C
108. (B) CH3CH=CH2 + Cl2 ----------------- ClCH2CH=CH2 + HCl
109. (C) As the electronegetivity of atom decreases nucleophilicity increases. (F>O>N>C)
110. (A) As the number of substituents on the carbon atom carrying halogen increases steric hindrance
increases and hence the rate of SN2 reaction decreases.
111. (C) Greater the number of electron- donating groups attached to the double bond more is the π-
electron density and hence easiest is the addition.
112. (D) Reactivity decreases as the C-X bond energy increases.
113. (C)
114. (A) As the number of halogen atom is increases dipole moment decreases.
115. (B) Due to much larger C-CL bond length than C-F bond length dipole moment of CH 3Cl is higher
than that of CH3F
116. (A) Smaller the size of nucleophile more reactive it is.
117. (B)
118. (B) RCOOAg + R1X ---------- RCOOR1 + Agx
119. (A) Benzyl chloride is more reactive than alkyl halides
120. (D) NaCl I=is not a lewis acid
121. (B)
122. (A)
123. (C)
124. (A)
125. (B)
126. (B)
127. (A)
128. (A)
129. (A)
130. (C)
131. (D)
132. (D)
Alc.KOH Br2 KCN
133. (B) CH3CH2I ----------- CH2=CH2 ----- BrCH2CH2Br--------- CNCH2CH2CN
134. (A)
135. (C)
136. (C)
137. (C)
138. (A)

9
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
139. (B)
140. (C) The length of single bond is greater than double and triple bond.
141. (D)
142. (B)
143. (A) Out of four monochloroderivatives possible, only one is optically active. Thus only one pair of
enantiomers is possible.
144. (B) The benzyne is formed as an intermediate and it gives stable carbonion when nucleophilic
attack occurs at the m-position than at p-position.
145. (B)
146. (D) CH3CH2CH2Cl + KCN ---------- CH3CH2CH2CN (Butanenotrile)
147. (A)
148. (B)
149. (D)
150. (C)

CH3CHCl2 + KOH (aq.) -------------- CH3CH(OH)2 ----------- CH3CHO

Unstable Ethanal

10
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 REVISION BOOKLET
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
HOME ASSIGNMENT-2
SOLUTIONS

SOLUTIONS
1. (A) Branching decreases the SA and the B.pt.
2. (A) According to wurtz reaction.
ether
2CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 Br  2 Na 
CH 3 (CH 2 )4 CH 3  2 NaBr
Electolysis
3. (B) 2CH 3 COONa  2 H 2 O 
Sodium acetate
CH 3  CH 3  2CO 2  2 NaOH  H 2
heat
4. (C) Pb(C 2 H 5 )4  Pb  4 CH 3 CH 2
Ethyl radical

CH 2  CH 2  Pb  CH 2  CH 2  PbBr2
| | Ethene Lead bromide
Br Br
As leaded gasoline burns, lead metal gets deposited in the engine which is removed by adding ethylene
dibromide. The lead bromide is volatile and is carried off with the exhaust gases from the engine
5. (A) Factual
Dry
6. (D) C 2 H 5 I  2 Na  IC2 H 5  C 2 H 5  C 2 H 5  2 NaI
Ether Butane

7. (D) iso-octane i.e. 2,2,4-trimethyl pentane has highest octane number.

8. (B) With calculated amount of Grignard reagent, acetyl chloride forms ketones.
Cl
CH 3 COCl  XMgCH 3  CH 3 COCH 3  Mg
X
9. (B) All Hydrogen atoms are 1o.
10. (B) Ethane is a saturated compound it can not be catalytically hydrogenated.
Cl 2 Cl 2 Cl 2
11. (D) CH 4   CH 3 Cl   CH 2 Cl 2  
Cl
CHCl 3 
2
 CCl 4 . Since this reaction takes place by free radical mechanism. Hence, there is a possibility of
formation of ethane.
. .
CH 3  CH 3  CH 3  CH 3
Methyl free radicals Ethane

12. (C) Al4 C 3  6 H 2 O  3 CH 4  2 Al2 O 3

Aluminium Methane
carbide

13. (C)
Zn / HCl
14. (A) CH 3 I  2 H  CH 4  HI
Dry
CH 3 I  2 Na  ICH 3  CH 3  CH 3  2 NaI
Ether

15. (C) Factual

16. (D) Propane has both 1o and 2o H atoms.
17. (D) Cyclohexane, is immiscible and lighter than water. Hence, floats on the surface of water.
18. (A) CCl4 is used as a fire extinguisher.
19. (D) CH 3  CH  CH 2  H 2  CH 3  CH 2  CH 3
Ni

20. (A) Pt./Ni is used in catalytic reduction of hydrocarbon.

21. (C) Anti addition of Br2 takes place.
22. (D) CH 3  CH 2  Cl  KOH  CH 2  CH 2  KCl  H 2 O
(alc.) Ethene

11
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 In presence of alc. KOH dehydrohalogenation occur and alkene is formed.
Electrolysis
23. (C) 2CH 3 COOK  2 H 2 O  CH 3  CH 3  2CO 2  2 KOH  H 2
Potassium acetate Anode Cathode
Cl
|
24. (B) CH 3  C  CH 2  HCl  CH 3  C  CH 3
| |
CH 3 CH 3
HCl
CH  CH  HCl  CH 2  CH  Cl  CH 3  CHCl 2
25. (C) The enthalpy of combustion i.e., H is always negative. It means combustion is an exothermic reaction.
Cracking
26. (C) CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3    CH 4  CH 3  CH  CH 2
n Butane

27. (A) Free rotation around carbon–carbon bond takes place easily in alkanes. Now ethane and hexachloroethane
both are alkanes. But in hexachloroethane bulky chlorine atom hinders the rotation. Therefore least hindered
rotation takes place in ethane.
Pyrolysis
28. (A) C 6 H 14    C 2 H 4  C 4 H 10
Hexane  Ethene Butane
CH 3 CH 3
| |
29. (B) H 3 C  H 2 C  C  C  CH 3
| |
CH 3 CH 3
2,3,3,3- tetramethy lpentane

CH 3
|
H 3 C  H 2 C  H 2 C  HC  CH 3
isopropyl group 2 - methylpent ane

CH 3 CH 3 CH 3
| | |
H 3 C  H 2 C  HC  C  CH 3 H 3 C  H 2 C  C  CH 2  CH 3
| |
CH 3 CH 3
2, 2, 3 - trimethylp entane 3, 3 - dimethylpe ntane

30. (B)
Anhyd. AlCl 3
31. (B) CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3   CH 3  CH  CH 3
n  butane  |
CH 3
iso butane

32. (D) Propane is a saturated compound. Ozonide is formed only by alkenes or alkynes

33. (C) Hydroboration oxidation of alkenes will yield anti-Markovnikoff Product.

34. (B)
35. (A) Boiling point of alkanes increases with the number of carbon atoms because surface
area increases which increases the Vander Waal forces.
36. (D) Photochemical chlorination of alkane take place by free radical mechanism which are possible by
Homolysis of C – C bond
Cl 2 
hv
Cl   Cl 
CH 3  CH 3  Cl   CH 3 Cl   C H 3
37. (A) Producer gas – CO and N2

12
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
38. (B) CH 2  CH 2  Zn  CH 2  CH 2  Br2
| | Alkene
Br Br
CCl 4
39. (A) CH 2  CH 2  Br2  
 CH 2  CH 2
| |
Br Br
1, 2 - dibromo
ethane

CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3
40. (D) CC  
KMnO4
C  OO  C
KOH (heat)
CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3
Acetone Acetone

41. (B) Alkenes react with cold KMnO4 (alkaline) to give vicinal diols.
42. (A) Methane can not be obtained by Sabatier and Sendern’s reaction because in this the product obtained
contain minimum two carbon atoms.
Ni
CH 2  CH 2  H 2 
 CH 3  CH 3
Ni
CH  CH  2 H 2 
 CH 3  CH 3
43. (B) HCl will not be added in the form of free radicals as one of the chain propagation step is endothermic.
44. (D)
Peroxide CH 3  CH 2  C H  CH 3
45. (C) CH 3  CH  CH  CH 3  HBr 
 |
Br
2  Bromobutan e

Anti-markownikoff’s rule is not applicable to symmetrical alkenes.

[O ]
46. (B) CH 2  CH 2  KMnO 4   CH 2  CH 2  MnO 2
alk. H 2O | | Brown
OH OH
Colour less
[O ]
CH  CH  KMnO 4 
 COOH  MnO 2
alk . |
COOH Brown
Oxalic acid

47. (A)
48. (B)
alc. KOH
49. (D) CH 3  CH  CH 2  CH 3 
 CH 3 CH  CHCH 3
| 2- butene
Br
The reaction is dehydrohalogenation.

CH2O CH2 2HCHO

O O
50. (C) Oil are unsaturated esters which are converted into fats by saturating it by catalytic hydrogenation.

51. (C) CH 3  CH 2  Br  KOH 

Dehydrohalogenation
CH 2  CH 2  KBr  H 2O
alk

In alcoholic KOH alkoxide ions (RO  ) are present which is a strong base.
They abstract proton from -carbon of alkyl halide and favours elimination reaction
ROH  KOH  ROK  H 2O ROK  RO   K 
Alcohol Potassium alkoxide Alkoxide ion

 
RO  H  CH2  CH2  Br  ROH  CH 2  CH 2  Br
52. (A) Al4C3  6H 2O  3CH 4  2 Al2O3
Methane

53. (A) R  COOK  2 H 2O 

Electrolysis
 R  R  CO2  2 KOH  H 2
Alkane

54. (B) CH 3COONa  NaOH 

 CH 4  Na2CO3 CaO

55. (A)
13
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 Cyclopropane with a bond angle of 60o is very strained and hence very reactive.
sp 2 sp 2
56. (B) H  C  C  H sp 2 -hybridisation (trigonal planar).
| |
H H
57. (D) Except 2,2 dimethyl butane rest compound contain 5 carbon i.e., pantane while 2,2 dimethyl butane
contain 6 carbon i.e., Hexane
Br
CH 3
| |
CH 3  CH 2  C  C H 3 H 3C  C  CH 2  CH 3
|
CH 3 |
CH 3
Major

CH 3 CH 3 CH 2Cl CH 3 CH 3 CH 3
| | | | | |
58. (B) H 3C  C — C  CH 3  H 3C  C — C  CH 3  H 3C  C — C  CH 3
Cl2

| | | | | |
H H H H Cl H
59. (B)
60. (C)
61. (B) CH 2  CH 2 
HOCl
 CH 2  CH 2 
aq NaHCO3
 CH 2  OH
| | |
Cl OH CH  OH
2
Glycol

62. (D)
63. (B)
64. (C) R  CH  CH  R 
dil. aqueous KMnO4
 R  CH  CH  R
room temp. | |
OH OH
(Alcohol)

R  CH  CH  R 
 R  COOH  R  COOH
Conc. KMnO4
heat
65. (C)
66. (D)
67. (D)
68. (A) CH 2  CH 2  O3 


69. (C)

14
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
70. (A) CH 2  CH 2  Zn  ZnBr2  CH 2  CH 2
| |
Br Br
Br
71. (D) CH 2  CH  Br 
HBr
 CH 3  CH
Br
According to Markownikoff’s rule H atom or positive part goes to that carbon atom which is more
hydrogenated.
72. (C) Electrophillic addition reactions are shown by alkenes or alkynes in these reactions attacking species is
electrophiles

CH 3  CH  CH 2  H  
Slow
 CH 3  CH  CH 3
2o carbonium ion

CH 3  CH  CH 3  Br  
Fast
 CH 3  CH  CH 3
|
Br
2-Bromo propane

73. (C)
74. (C) CH 3  C  CH 2
sp 2 sp sp 2
Propadiene

Propadiene has both sp and sp 2 -hybridized carbon atoms.

75. (A)
76. (C) CH 3  CH  CH  CH 2  CH 3 it decolourizes KMnO4 solution because double bond is present.
77. (D)
78. (C)
CH3  CH  CH 2  Cl2   CH 2  CH  CH 2  HCl
o
500 C
79. (A)
|
Cl
This reaction is called allylic halogenation reaction because halogenation occurs at the allylic position of
an alkene
80. (C) CH 3  C  CH  CH 3 
(1) O2
 CH 3COCH 3  CHOCH 3
| (2) Zn / H 2O Ketone Aldehyde
CH 3
81. (C) CH 3  CH 2  OH 
Conc.
 CH 2  CH 2  H 2O
H 2 SO4

82. (B) CH 3  CH 2  CH 2  OH 

PCl3
 CH 3  CH 2  CH 2  Cl 
Alc. KOH
 CH 3  CH  CH 2
(a) (b)
propylchloride Pr opene

83. (C)
84. (B) CH 3  CH  CH 2  HBr 
Markownikoffs rule
 CH 3  CH  CH 3  HBr 
Presence of peroxide
|
Br
2  Bromopropane

CH 3  CH 2  CH 2  Br
1-Bromopropane

OH Cl
  | |
85. (C) CH 3  CH 2  C  CH  CH 3  HOCl  CH 3  CH 2  C  CH  CH 3
| |
CH 3 CH 3
Addition takes place according to Markownikoff’s rule in which Cl  goes to that carbon atom which
is more hydrogenated.

15
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 86. (A) Cyclic hydrocarbon in which all the carbon atoms are present in the same plane is benzene. In this
o
C  C bond length is 1.39Å which is more than 1.34A but less than 1.54Å. Hence bond angle is 120o
2
with sp hybridization.
CH 3 CH 3
| |
87. (A) CH 3  C  CH  CH 2 
I ) Hg ( OAc )2 ; H 2O
 CH 3  C  CH  CH 3
| ii ) NaBH 4 | |

CH 3 CH 3 OH
88. (C) CH 3  C  C  CH 3 
(1) O3
 CH 3  CO  OC  CH 3
| | (2) Zn / H 2O | |

CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3
Acetone
89. (C)
90. (A)
Cl
91. (B) CH  CH  HCl  CH 2  CH  Cl 
HCl
 CH 3  CH
Cl
1di chloroethane

O
||
H 2O / Hg 2 
92. (C) CH  CH  H 3C  C  H CH 3  CH 2  OH 
P4 /Br2
 C2 H 5 Br
H 2 SO4 ( ) ( y) ( z)

Br Br
| |
93. (A) CH 3  CH 2  C  CH  2 Br2  CH 3  CH 2  C  C  H
1 Butyne | |
Br Br
Since the molecule takes 2 moles of Br2 . Therefore it is alkyne. Also it gives white ppt with Tollen’s
reagent therefore acidic H is present. Hence it is 1-Butyne.
94. (A) CH 3  CH  AgNO3  Ag  C  C  Ag CH 3  CH  CuCl2  Cu  C  C  Cu
(Ammonical) White ppt. (Ammonical) Red ppt.

O
| |
CH 3  CH 2  C  CH   CH 3  CH 2  C  CH 3
o
HgSO4 ,60 C
95. (A)
H 2 SO4

96. (D) C2 H 2 and C3 H 4 are homologue because they differ by CH 2 group. Both have triple bond in their
molecule.
97. (B) CH  CH  H 2O 
40% H 2 SO4
 CH 3  CHO
1% HgSO4

98. (B)
99. (A) Nucleophiles and alkalies normally do not react with acetylene. Thus NaOH does not react.
100. (C)
H2

Cyclohexene Cyclohexane

CH2
O3 CH2 CHO
Zn/H2O
Cyclohexene CH2
CHO
CH2
HNO 2
101. (B) C2 H5  NH 2   C 2 H 5OH  N 2  H 2 O
O
H O
H
CO
OH CO
OC
H
65
C
H
65O
H
–
HO
2

102. (A) S
al
icy
l
ica
ci
d S
al
ol

16
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
103. (D) Methylated spirit.
PCl5 alc.KOH
104. (B) C2 H5CH 2 OH   C2 H5CH 2 Cl  H3C  CH  CH 2
Propene
Conc. H2SO4 Br2
105. (D) C3H7 OH   H3C  CH  CH 2  
160180C
alc. KOH
H3C  CH CH2  H3C  C  CH
| | 2KBr, 2H2O
(excess) Propyne
Br Br
HCHO
106. (D) C6 H5OH 
 
 Bakelite
H or OH

107. (A) Resonance causes development of partial negative charge on ortho and para positions in phenol molecule.
108. (A) Glycol is used as an antifreeze.
109. (C) Acetylene cannot be produced from ethanol and H2SO4.
110. (B) The presence of electron withdrawing group in the nucleus increase the acidity. This is due to inductive effect
and mesomeric effect.
O
H O
H O
H O
H

< < <

N
O2
CH 3 N
O2
OH OH O

NaNO2
Conc H2SO4
111. (A) NO NOH
+
H2SO4 –
O NOH + H OH HO N OH HSO4
– H2O

(blue green) Indophenol monosulphate

H2O +NaOH +
O N OH O N O Na
– HSO4 – H2O

Indophenol (Red) Sodium Salt Deep blue

112. (D) HCHO does not give iodoform test.

CH3 [O] CH3 [O]

CHOH CO CHI3
CH3 CH3
[X] 'Y'

113. (C)
114. (A) The presence of three electron releasing groups at  -carbon repel the bond pair of C–OH bond and facilitate
its replacement.
CH 2OH CH 2 I  CH 2 CH3
 
| HI  | I2 ||| | I2
 C H I  
HI
C HOH   CH   C H I  
115. (B) |  |  | |
CH 2OH   CH 2I CH 2I
CH 2 I 
unstable Allyl iodide 1, 2  diiodopropane

17
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 CH3 CH3
| HI |
CH   CHI
|| |
CH 2 CH3
Propene isopropyl iodide
Hence, CH2 – CH – CHI – CH2OH is not formed in the reaction of glycerol with HI.
HOCl aq. NaHCO
116. (D) CH2  CH2Cl 3  CH2OH
|| | |
CH2 CH2 OH CH2 OH
CH2OH CH2.CO.COOH CH2.COH
| | CO2 | H2O
C H OH  COOH   C H OH   C H OH 
117. (B) | | H 2 O | |
CH2OH COOH CH2OH CH2OH
Glycerol mono  oxalate Glycerol monoformate
CH 2OH
|
C H OH  HCOOH
|
CH 2OH
Glycerol Formic acid
118. (A) Phenols are more acidic than alcohols because phenoxide ion is resonance stabilized.
119. (B) Due to greater electronegativity of sp2-hybridized carbon atoms of the benzene ring, diaryl ethers are not
attacked by nucleophiles like I–.
120. (A) Ethers are reduced by red P and HI to alkanes through alkyl iodides
red P  HI red P  HI
C2 H5 OC2 H5 
 2C2 H5 I 
 2C2 H 6
121. (B) Only aromatic ethers undergo electrophilic substitution reaction.
122. (C) CH3OCH3 and C2H5OCH3 are gaseous is nature.
123. (C) Butane-2, 3-diol–CH3CHOHCHOHCH3, is identical to tartaric acid since it too has two similar chiral carbon
atoms. Hence it has three stereoisomeric forms: (+)–, (–)– and meso –; out of which only two are optically active,
meso – form is optically inactive.
ether
124. (B) C2 H5 Br  Na O C2 H5   C2 H5 OC2 H5  NaBr
AgNO2 PCl5
125. (C) C2 H5 NO2   C2 H5OH   C2 H5Cl  POCl3  HCl
B [A]

18
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 REVISION BOOKLET
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
HOME ASSIGNMENT-3
SOLUTIONS

SOLUTIONS
1. (A)
2. (C)
3. (D)

4. (B) CH 3  CH  CH 2  CH 3  KOH     CH 3  CH  CH  CH 3  KBr  H 2 O

Saytzeff' s rule
| (alc)
Br
5. (A) CHI 3  6 Ag  I 3 CH  CH  CH  6 AgI
Acetylene

6. (C) It is Wurtz fittig reaction

C6 H 5 Br  CH 3 Br 
 C6 H 5 CH 3  2 NaBr
Na
Ether

7. (C) It is a common method to prepare alkanes. Methane cannot be prepared by Wurtz reaction.
CH 3 Br  2 Na  BrCH 3  C2 H 6  2 NaBr
ethane

8. (A) Acylation or alkylation of aromatic compound in presence of AlCl3 is known as Friedal-craft reaction.
C 6 H 6  CH 3 Cl  C 6 H 5 CH 3  HCl
dry

Benzene chloro AlCl 3 Toluene

methane

9. (A)
10. (B,D) New carbon-carbon bond formation take place in Friedel Craft’s alkylation and Reimer-Tiemann reaction. In
Friedel Craft’s alkylation following mechanism involve
R  Cl  AlCl3 ⇌ R  AlCl4 HCl
Alkylcarbonium ion

H R
R

 +
R
H R

+ + AlCl4–  + AlCl3 + HCl

Here new C–C bond formed between carbon of benzene ring and alkyl group.

Similarly in Reimer-Tiemann reaction.

OH OH
+ CHCl3 + 3NaOH  + 3NaCl + 2H2O
CHO
Salicylaldehyde
Here new C–C bond formed between carbon of benzene ring and –CHO group.

Electrolysis
11. (C) 2CH 3 COOK  2 H 2 O 

19
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 2CO 2  CH 3  CH 3  2KOH  H 2
Anode Cathode

Zn / HCl
12. (C) CH 3  Cl  2 H 
 CH 4  HCl
13. (C)
14. (C) CH 3  CH  CH 2  CH 3  CH 3  CH  CH  CH 3  HBr
|
Br
2  Bromo butane
Ni
15. (C) CH 2  CH 2  H 2 
 CH 3  CH 3
300 o C
Ethylene does not give precipitate with ammonical silver nitrate solution because it does not have acidic
hydrogen.
(1) O 3
16. (A) CH 2  CH 2  
 HCHO  HCHO
(2 ) Zn / H 2 O

17. (C) CH 3  CH  CH 2  H  Br   CH 3  CH  CH 3
|
Br
2-Bromopropa ne

18. (A) HC  CH  AsCl 3  ClHC  CH AsCl 2

2 - chlorovinyl dichloroarsine
(Lewsite )

19. (C) Reduction of alkynes with liquid NH 3 / Li gives trans alkenes.

20. (D)

21. (A) Kolbe’s methods – Electrolysis of a concentrated aqueous solution of either sodium or potassium salts of
saturated mono carboxylic acids yields higher alkanes at anode.
CH 3COONa ⇌ CH 3 COO   Na 

2 e
Anode : 2CH 3 COO    CH 3  CH 3  2CO 2
 
Cathode : 2 Na  2e  2 Na
2 Na  2H2O  2 NaOH  H2
22. (A)
23. (D)
24. (C) C6 H 5 CHOHCH 3  C6 H 5 COCH 3
[O ]

1  Phenyletha nol Acetopheno ne

C6 H6  CH 3COCl 
 C6 H5 COCH 3  HCl
Friedel craft' s
reaction

25. (C) CH 3 COCl 

 CH 3 CHO  HCl
2H
Pd / BaSO 4

26. (B) Benzaldehyde on treatment with 50% aqueous or ethanolic alkali solution undergoes Cannizzaro’s reaction
like HCHO (no  -hydrogen atom) i.e., one molecule is oxidised and one is reduced with the formation of
benzoic acid and benzyl alcohol respectively.
2C 6 H 5 CHO   C 6 H 5 CH 2 OH  C 6 H 5 COONa
NaOH

27. (D) 2 HCHO   CH 3 OH  HCOONa

NaOH
Conc.

It is a Cannizzaro’s reaction.
OH
|
2CH 3 CHO 
 CH 3  CH  CH 2  CHO
NaOH
dil

It is aldol condensation reaction.

20
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 O O
|| ||
28. (B) CH 3  C  CH 3  3 I 2  NaOH  CHI 3  CH 3  C  ONa
dimethyl ketone

29. (B)
O O OH O
|| || | ||
30. (C) C 6 H 5  C  H  H  C  C 6 H 5    C6 H 5  CH  C  C6 H 5
alc NaCN

Benzoin

31. (B)

32. (A)
33. (D) Cannizzaro’s reaction involve self oxidation and self reduction.
34. (C) It is an example of Cannizzaro reaction
CHO CH 2 OH
|  NaOH  |
CHO COONa
35. (C) Aldehyde reduce silver mirror whereas acid do not reduce silver mirror.
36. (C) It reduce CHO group into hydrocarbon.
37. (A) Wolf kischner reduction: Hydrazine (NH 2  NH 2 ) followed by reaction with strong base like KOH reduce
carbonyl group into alkyl group.
C  O  NH 2  NH 2  
Wolf- Kishner
Carbonyl group Hydrazine reduction

C  N  NH 2    CH 2
KOH

Alkylgroup

38. (C)

Ketone (non-reducing) and aldehyde (reducing) can be distinguished by Fehling solution.

CH 3 CH 3
| |
39. (A) C6 H 5  C  O  H 2 NOH   C6 H 5  C  NOH 
 H 2O
 C6 H 5 NHCOCH 3
H 2 SO 4

Acetopheno ne oxime or Backmann Acetanilid e

methyl phenyl ketoxime rearrangem ent

40. (B)
41. (C) When Cl 2 or Br2 is react with carboxylic acid in the presence of red phosphorus then -hydrogen of
carboxylic acid is replaced by Cl 2 or Br2
Br2
CH 3 COOH   CH 2 BrCOOH
Aceticacid   bromo acetic acid
This reaction is known as Hell Volhard Zelinsky reaction.
42. (C)
43. (A)

21
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 The above given reaction is known as Reimer- Tiemann reaction.
44. (A)
45. (C)
46. (A)
47. (D)
48. (A)
49. (A)
50. (B) Reimer-Tiemann reaction involves the carbon carbon bond formation.

51. (A) Formaldehyde reacts with ammonia to form hexamethylene tetramine which is also known as urotropine. It is
used as urinary tract antiseptic
6HCHO  4NH3 
(CH 2 )6 N 4  6H 2 O
52. (C) Aceteldehyde and Benzaldehyde can be distinguished by Tollen’s reagent. Benzaldehyde is a weak aldehyde
and therefore it can not be oxidised by Tollen’s reagent but acetaldehyde can reduce Tollen’s reagent which is also
a weak reagent than Fehling solution.
53. (B) Acetic Anhydride is produced due to dehydration of two molecules of acetic acid by P2O5
PO
2 5  (CH CH) O  H O
CH3CO OH H COOCH3  3 2 2
54. (C) CH3COCH3 can give iodoform test. A compound having CH3 – CO group can give iodoform test.
55. (B) Grignard reagent reacts with formaldehyde to produce primary alcohol
R R R
| X
| |
RMgX  H 2C  O 
 H  C  OMgX , H  C  OMgX  H 2O  H  C  OH  M g
| | | OH
H H H
56. (D) The compound formed is trioxy formaldehyde.
C
H
O
nke
epin
g O 2O
3HC H
O CH CH
2 2
a
q.s
olu
tio
n O
Tr
iox
ane
(
m e
taf
ormald
ehy
de)
57. (C) Clemensen’s Reduction of ketones is carried out in Zn–Hg and HCl.
58. (A) Cannizaro’s reaction is exhibited by those molecules which have no  hydrogen. Since, HCHO has no  -
hydrogen. Hence it will show Cannizaro’s reaction.
59. (B) (CH3)3C – CHO does not show aldol condensation because it does not contain -hydrogen atom.
60. (B) Formic acid can be distinguished from acetic acid by its reaction with Tollen's reagent as follows :

HCOOH  2[Ag(NH3 ) 2 ]  2OH   2Ag  CO2  2H2O  4NH3
Formic acid Silver mirror
Tollen 's reagent
CH3COOH 
 No silver mirror
Acetic acid

O
||
NaOH
61. (B) CH3  C  CH3  3Cl2   CCl3COCH3  3HCl

22
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
  CHCl3  CH3COONa
CCl3COCH3  NaOH 
62. (A) Chloral is CCl3CHO so, it is an aldehyde.
COOH
CH 2
COOH H2N  C
ON
H
63. (C) Malonic ester + CO 
2 H 2O
 C
H2 C
O
H2N CO  NH
B
ar
bit
uri
c a
cid
Br2 / KOH
64. (C) R  CONH 2   RNH 2
This is known as Hofmann’s Bromamide reaction.
65. (C) Formalin is an aqueous solution (40%) of formaldehyde.
O
H O
.
C O
CH
65

a
q.N
a
OH
66. (A) +
CHC
65OC
l

p
he
ny
lb
en
zo
at
e
The function of NaOH in this reaction is
(i) to convert phenol to more stronger nucleophilic PhO –
(ii) to neutralize the acid formed
O
67. (D) R
CO
Cl+
Al
Cl R
C+A
l
Cl
–
3 4
E
l
ect
rop
hi
l
e
O

(HO
)
C
H–
3C–
O+H
N
2–N
H–
C–NH
2 

2 
S
em
ic
ar
baz
i
deO
H
CH
3–
CH=
N –
NH–
C–NH2
68. (B) Se
m i
car
baz
on
e
C
OO
H C
OO
CH
25

H
Cl
69. (D) +
CH
25OH
d
ry
+
H2O
E
th
an
ol

Soda  lim e (X)

70. (D) C6 H5 COOH  C6 H 6  ZnO
Zn dust (Y)
C6 H5 OH  C6 H 6  ZnO
SOCl
71. (D) CH 3COOH 2 CH 3  COCl

OH O
| ||
C – CH3 C CH3
| HCN
CN

H2O
(hydrolysis of cyano group)

H
72. (C) R
—C—
C
l


2
R
—C—
H+
HCl
–
P
dBa
SO
4
O O
‘
P’
23
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 73. (A) Among the given options, only PCl5 can convert an alcoholic group as well as a carboxyl group to chloride.
PCl
RCH2OH 
5 RCH Cl
2
PCl
RCOOH 
5  RCOCl

74. (C) Glucose contain aldehyde group. Hence it give positive Fehling solution test.
O
H O
CO
CH
3
C
OOH C
OOH
75. (A) o
nac
et
yla
ti
on

O
-
hydro
xybenzo
ica
ci
d A
sp
ir
in
(
Sal
icy
li
c a
ci
d)
76. (C) Both the reactions are used for preparation ethyl amine.
77. (B) RCONH2 +Br2 +4KOH →RNH2 +2KBr +2H2O
78. (B) Hinsberg’s reagent is C6H4SO2Cl
79. (A) Benzonitrile is phenyl cyanide
80. (C) RCONH2 +Br2 +4KOH →RNH2 +2KBr +2H2O
81. (B) In Gabriel Phthalimide synthesis 1º amines are prepared by reaction of phthalamide with alc.KOH and alkyl
halide.
82. (C) CH3CH2CH2NH2 +3KOH+CHCl3→ CH3CH2CH2NC +3KCl+3H 2O
83. (A) Electron doers are bases. In benzylamine the electron pair is available for donation while in other choices it is
taking part in resonance and is not available for donation.
84. (D) It is test for 1ºamines and chloroform and all of them form bad smelling isocyanide during the reaction.
85. (C) C6 H 5CH 2 Cl 
 C6 H 5CH 2CN  C 6 H 5CH 2CH 2 NH 2
NaCN 2 H /Ni

86. (D) C6 H 5 NH 2   C6 H 5 NO 2   C6 H 5Cl   C6 H 5CN

HNO 2 PCl5 KCN

87. (D) Alkyl group is electron doner and increases basicity of amine.
88. (A) CH3NHCH2CH2CH2CH3,2º amine have –NH group.
89. (D) Carbylamine reaction produces iso cyanide.
90. (D) -NH2 group in aniline is o,p-directing because it increases electron density at these positions.
91. (B) Acylation activates the -NH2 group and helps in formation of mono substituted product.
92. (C) Electron donating group (methyl) group increase the basicity.
93. (B) Stronger the base lower is its pKb value.
94. (B) Aniline+Br2 water→2,4,6-tribromoaniline
95. (C) C6 H 5 N 2 Cl+H 3 PO 2 +H 2 O 
 C6 H 6 +N 2 +H 3 PO3 +HCl
96. (A) C6 H5 NH2   C6H5 N2Cl
2 HCl-NaNO
273K

97. (B) It is coupling reaction.

98. (D) C6 H 5 N 2Cl  HBF4  C6 H 5 F  N 2  BF3
99. (A) It is electrophillic substitution.
100. (A)The reaction show that (X) is an amide and (Y) is 1º amine(because only they give dye test)
101. (A) Any primary amine means both aliphatic as well as aromatic but monoalkylamines means only 1° aliphatic
amines. Therefore, option (a) is correct while (d) is wrong.
102. (C) C6 H5CH  O  C6 H5 NH 2 
 C6 H5CH  NC6H5  H2O
Benzaldehyde Aniline Benzylidene aniline
This is know as Schiff’s base reaction.
103. (D) Aniline when treated with acetic anhydride forms acetanilide
O
NH2 NH–C–CH3
O O
O
CH3–C–O–C–CH3
+ CH3–C–OH

Acetanilide
24
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
104. (B) Acetamide and ethylamine can be distinguished by heating with NaOH solution where acetamide evolves
NH3 but ethylamine does not.

CH3CONH2  NaOH  CH3COONa  NH3

CH3CH 2 NH 2  NaOH 
 No reaction.
105. (D) 2, 4- Dinitroflurobenzene, also known as sanger's reagent, reacts with the H 2N - group of the peptide to from
2, 4- dinitrophenyl (DNP) derivative of the peptide. The DNP derivative of the peptide is hydrolysed to give DNP
derivative of the single amino acid

H2 NCHCONHCHCONHCHCOOH + O2N F 

| | |
R1 R2 R3
NO2
2, 4-dinitro fluoro benzene

O2N NH  CHCONHCHCONHCHCOOH
| | |
R1 R2 R3
NO2
 DNP derivative of polypeptide)
+
H

O
2N NHC HCO OH + H2 NCHCOOH  H 2 NCHOOH
| | |
R 1 R2 R2
N
O2 (
D N P
der
iva
tiv
e)

(Amino acid mixture)

106. (C) C6 H5 NH 2  CHCl3  3KOH(alc.) 
 R  C  3KCl  3H 2 O
107. (D) We know that RDX is prepared by treating urotropine with fuming nitric acid. When the inner bridge system
is destroyed by oxidation and the peripheral nitrogen atom are nitrated, it forms cyclonitrite (or RDX).

108. (D)

25
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
109. (C) NO2

Sn  HCl
  
reduction

Nitrobenzene (B) N C
(A)
CHCl  KOH
  3 
NH–CH3
(C)
Re duction



N-methylaniline
NH2 NHCOCH3
(CH 3CO)2O Br2
110. (D)
CH3COOH

CH3 CH3
(A)
NHCOCH3 NH2
+
Br H /H2O Br

CH3 CH3
(B) (C)
111. (A) In (B), (C) and (D) lone pair of nitrogen is linked with sp2 hybridised carbon which is acidic in nature
therefore it attracts the electron pair towards itself. In (A) lone pair of nitrogen is free because it is attached with
carbon which is sp3 hybridised. So it is most basic.
112. (D) Aniline is formed
N
O2 NH2

Z
n H
Cl
+6
[H]
   +2H2O
Aniline
This is reduction in acidic medium.
113. (D) The given reaction is known as Liebermann Nitroso reaction.
 
114. (D) HNO3 provides NO2 which is an electrophile and attacks the benzene ring. NO2 is electron acceptor so it is
acidic
NO2

+ NO +H+
2 


26
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
115. (A) Only primary amine will react with carbon disulphide to form isothiocynate.
NHCH3
HgCl2
CH3NH2 + S = C = S S=C CH3N = C = S + HgS + 2HCl
SH Methyl isothiocynate
HgCl2
C6H 5NH 2 + S = C = S C6 H 5N = C = S + H 2O
Phenyl isothiocynate e
CHO CH  N  NHC6 H5
| |
CHOH CHOH
| |
NH NHC H
116. (B) (CHOH)3 
2 6 5
 (CHOH)3
warm
| |
CH2OH CH2OH
Glu cos e Phenyl hydrozene

CH  N  NHC6 H5
|
CO
|
NH NHC H NH NHC H

2 6 5
 (CHOH)3 
2 6 5

|
CH2OH

CH  N  NHC6 H5
|
C  N  NHC6 H5
|
(CHOH)3  NH3  C6 H5 NH 2
| Ammonia
CH2OH
Glu cos ozone
117. (A) Acetamide is basic due to the presence of lone pair of electrons of N; it is also acidic because its conjugate
base shows resonance.
O O O
|| || |
base
CH3 C  NH 2 
 CH3 C  NH  CH 3 C  NH
(more stable due to –ve charge on O)
Benzonitrile (C6H5CN) acts as an electrophile (Lewis acid) due to electron deficiency of C of CN as well as
nucleophile (Lewis base) in nature due to presence of lone pair electrons on N; hence it is neutral Triethylamine
and phenol are basic and acidic in nature respectively.
118. (B) Explosives invariably contain two or more –NO2 groups, hence o - aminotoluene (not having any – NO2
group) is not an explosive. All other three compounds have three – NO2 groups per molecule.
119. (B) On vigrous nitration of nitrobenzene with a mixture of equal amounts of concentrated nitric acid and conc.
H2SO4 m-Dinitrobenzene is produced.

NO2 NO2
373 K
+ HNO3 (conc.)
H2 SO4 NO2 m-Dinitribenzene
(conc.) (80%)
LiAlH4
120. (A) CH3CH2 NO2 
ether
 CH3CH2 NH2
121. (D) When nitrobenzene is reduced with an alkaline reducing agent, the intermediate products, nitrosobenzene and
phenyl hydroxyl amine interact to form dinuclear products like azoxy benzene, azobenzene and hydrazobenzene.
122. (C) With nitrous acid: (i) phenol gives p-nitrosophenol, (ii) aniline gives diazonium salt, and (iii) 2º nitro
compounds give pseudonitrole, while 3º nitro compounds do not react because they have no -hydrogen atom .
27
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in
 Br2
123. (A) RCONH 2 
NaOH or KOH
 RNH 2

The reaction occur in three stages.

O
||
(i) R  C  NH 2  Br2  KOH 
 RCONHBr  KBr  H 2 O
O
||
(ii) R  C  NHBr  KOH 
 RNCO  KBr  H 2 O
alkyl isocyanate

(iii) RNCO  2KOH 

 RNH 2  K 2 CO3
Sn / HCl C6H5COCl
124. (B) C6 H5 NO2   C6 H5 NH 2   C6 H5 NHCOC6 H5  HCl
N = NCl Cl
CuCl
HCl
125. (D)

28
SCO 101, Phase-1, Urban Estate, Dugri, Near LIC Building, Ludhiana
Phone No : 0161-2490101/1101 www.edusquare.co.in