ST.

TONIS COLLEGE
College Of Nursing
Bulanao, Tabuk City, Kalinga

Theoretical Foundations of Nursing: Final Examination

Name : Section : Date :

Multiple Choices: Encircle the best answer that fits the question. Use only black/blue ballpen. Avoid erasures.

1. Each subsystem in Johnson's Behavioral System model is composed of four structural characteristics, except:
A. Drives
B. Set
C. Observable behavior
D. Demands
2. Which theory states “Nursing is a helping profession”?
A. Peplau's Interpersonal Theory
B. Abdellah’s 21 Nursing Problems
C. Theory of Goal Attainment
D. Roy's Adaptation Model
3. Which of the following nursing theory is based on the general systems framework?
A. Fay Abdellah- Topology of 21 Nursing Problems
B. Virginia Henderson -The Nature of Nursing
C. Hildegard Peplau -Interpersonal Relations Model
D. Imogene King's Theory of Nursing
4. “The practice of activities that individual initiates and performs on their own behalf in maintaining life, health
and well being” is:
A. Self care agency
B. Self care
C. Therapeutic self care demand
D. Nursing systems
5. Who described about 5 levels of nursing experience from novice to expert?
A. Patricia E. Benner
B. Ernestine Wiedenbach
C. Myra Estrine Levine
D. Faye Glenn Abdellah
6. Nursing is “an external regulatory force which acts to preserve the organization and integration of the patients
behaviors at an optimum level under those conditions in which the behaviors constitutes a threat to the physical
or social health, or in which illness is found” – This definition of nursing was given by:
A. Orem
B. Neuman
C. King
D. Johnson
7. Typology of twenty one Nursing problems were explained by:
A. Imogene King
B. Virginia Henderson
C. Faye G. Abedellah
D. Lydia E. Hall
8. “Each human being perceives the world as a total person in making transactions with individuals and things in
environment”. This assumption is stated by:
A. Neuman's system model
B. Nightingale's theory
C. Peplau's Interpersonal Relations model
D. Imogene King’s conceptual framework
9. Which of the following statements is related to Florence Nightingale?
A. Nursing is therapeutic interpersonal process.
B. The role of nursing is to facilitate "the body’s reparative processes" by manipulating client’s
environment.
C. Nursing is the science and practice that expands adaptive abilities and enhances person and
environment transformation
D. Nursing care becomes necessary when client is unable to fulfill biological, psychological, developmental,
or social needs.
10. Cognator subsystem involves all the following cognitive-emotive channels, EXCEPT:
A. perceptual and information processing
B. self concept
C. learning
D. judgment
11. Which nursing theorist defines environment as "the totality of the internal and external forces which surround a
person and with which they interact at any given time"?
A. Dorothy Johnson
 B. Martha Rogers
C. Dorothea Orem
D. Betty Neuman
12. Watson's carative factors include all the following, EXCEPT:
A. Forming humanistic-altruistic value system
B. Instilling faith-hope
C. Cultivating sensitivity to self and others
D. Strengthening flexible lines of defense
13. When applying Roy's Adaptation Model in caring a patient, the type of stimuli which needs to be assessed as per
are all the following, EXCEPT;
A. Focal Stimulus
B. Contextual Stimulus
C. Perceptual Stimulus
D. Residual Stimulus
14. Which is NOT a concept related to Faye Abdellah's theory?
A. Susternal Care Needs
B. The twenty-one Nursing Problems
C. Restorative Care Needs
D. Therapeutic Self-care Demands
15. Who explained about "Care, Cure and Core as three independent but interconnected circles of the nursing
model"?
A. Patricia Benner
B. Rosemary Rizzo Parse
C. Lydia Hall
D. Jean Watson
16. All the following are concepts related to Levin's Conservation Principles, EXCEPT:
A. Historicity
B. Specificity
C. Helicy
D. Redundancy
17. "Caring consists of carative factors that result in the satisfaction of certain human needs". This explanation was
stated by:
A. Sister Callista Roy
B. Jean Watson
C. Dorothea Orem
D. Florence Nightingale
18. According to Roy's Adaptation Model, the adaptive modes includes all the following, EXCEPT:
A. Physiologic Needs
B. Self Concept
C. Role Function
D. Achievement
19. Category of self care requisites according to Orem's theory of nursing includes all, EXCEPT:
A. Universal
B. Developmental
C. Health deviation
D. Fundamental
20. The "humanistic science of nursing" was explained by:
A. Rogers (1970)
B. Ida Orlando (1960)
C. Nightingale (1860)
D. Neuman (1972)
21. "The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities
contributing to health or its recovery (or to peaceful death) that he would perform unaided if he had the
necessary strength, will or knowledge. And to do this in such a way as to help him gain independence as rapidly
as possible" – this definition of nursing was given by:
A. Nightingale
B. Abdellah
C. Benner
D. Henderson
22. Imogene King's "goal attainment theory" is a type of:
A. Need theories
B. Interaction theories
C. Outcome theories
D. Humanistic theories
23. Which of the following is an organismic response as per Levin's Four Conservation Principles?
A. Flight or fight
B. Adaptation
C. Communication
D. Transaction
24. Which of the following theory has used "General Systems Theory" as a framework for its development?
A. Florence Nightingale's Environment Theory
 B. Hildegard E. Peplau's Psychodynamic Nursing Theory
C. Martha E. Roger’s Science of Unitary Human Beings
D. Betty Neuman's Systems Model
25. “Notes on Nursing: What it is – what it is not” was written by:
A. Virginia Henderson
B. Patricia Benner
C. Jean Watson
D. Florence Nightingale
26. According to Neuman Systems Model, the increase in energy that occurs in relation to the degree of reaction to
the stressor is termed as:
A. Reconstitution
B. Lines of resistance
C. Primary prevention
D. Secondary Prevention
27. Ernestine Wiedenbach's conceptual model of nursing is called:
A. The Helping Art of Clinical Nursing
B. 21 Typology of Nursing Problems
C. Environmental Theory
D. From Novice to Expert
28. Which theory defines nursing as the science and the practice that expands adaptive abilities and enhances
person and environment transformation?
A. Goal attainment theory
B. Henderson's definition of nursing
C. Roy's adaptation model
D. Faye Glen Abdellah's theory
29. Which of the following is NOT a concept related to Nightingale theory?
A. "Poor or difficult environments led to poor health and disease".
B. "Environment could be altered to improve conditions so that the natural laws would allow healing to
occur".
C. The goal of nursing is “to put the patient in the best condition for nature to act upon him”.
D. "Human beings are open systems in constant interaction with the environment ".
30. According to Behavior System Model, “predisposition to act with reference to the goal, in certain ways rather
than the other ways” refers to:
A. Drive
B. Goal
C. Set
D. Scope of action
31. Which of the following in NOT a concept related to personal system in Imogene King's Theory?
A. Perception
B. Self
C. Body image
D. Organization
32. Which is NOT a concept explained in Dorothy Johnson's Behavioral Systems Model?
A. Affiliation
B. Dependency
C. Achievement
D. Energy fields
33. Who described 5 levels of nursing experience in her theory on nursing?
A. Lydia Hall
B. Patricia Benner
C. Ernestine Weidenbach
D. Leon Festinger
34. According to Rogers' theory “continuous and mutual interaction between man and environment” is termed as:
A. Pattern
B. Integrality
C. Resonancy
D. Helicy
35. Which of the following is NOT a concept related to Roy's Adaptation Model?
A. Focal Stimuli
B. Cognator Subsystem
C. Role function
D. Flexible line of defense
36. The definition of nursing according to Nightingale is:
A. Assisting individual, sick and well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health and
recovery that he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will, or knowledge.
B. A clinical discipline that is a practice discipline designed to produce explicit desired result.
C. Put the patient in the best condition for the nature to act upon him.
D. The science and practice that expands adaptive abilities and enhances person and environment
transformation.
37. “Social inclusion, intimacy and the formation and attachment of a strong social bond” are explained
in which subsystem of Johnson’s model -
A. Dependency subsystem
B. Attachment or affiliative subsystem
C. Achievement subsystem
D. Aggressive subsystem
38. According to Roy's adaptation theory, which subsystem responds through four cognitive responds through four
cognitive-emotive channels (perceptual and information processing, learning, judgment, and emotion)?
A. Regulator Subsystem
B. Cognator Subsystem
C. Physiologic Mode
D. Self Concept-Group Identity Mode
39. The principles of conservation of energy, structural integrity, personal integrity and social integrity were
explained by:
A. Lydia Hall
B. Myra Estrin Levine
C. Betty Neuman
D. Hildegard Peplau
40. According to Weidenbach, all are the steps in helping a patient except:
A. Identification
B. Ministration
C. Intervention
D. Validation
41. A prescription, which specifies both the nature of the action that will most likely lead to a fulfillment of the
nurse’s central purpose, has the following kinds of voluntary action except:
A. Mutually understood and agreed upon action
B. Beneficiary-Directed action
C. Recipient-Directed action
D. Practitioner-Directed action
42. Which nursing theory states that 'nursing is the interpersonal process of action, reaction, interaction and
transaction"?
A. Roy's adaptation model
B. Self-care deficit theory
C. Imogene King's theory
D. Roger’s Unitary Human Beings
43. According to Abdellah, this type of nursing problem is an apparent condition faced by patient of family which the
nurse can assist him or them to meet through the performance of her professional functions:
A. Physical nursing problem
B. Overt nursing problem
C. Emotional nursing problem
D. Covert nursing problem
44. Cognator subsystem is a concept related to:
A. Jhonson'sBehaviour System Model
B. Imogene King's Goal Attainment Theory
C. Roy's Adaptation Model
D. Neuman's System's Model
45. From the theory of Hall, this term refers to the state of being that nurse endeavors to help their patient achieve:
A. Behavior
B. Reflection
C. Self-awareness
D. Professional nursing
46. Nursing is defined as “action which assist individuals, families and groups to maintain a maximum level of
wellness, and the primary aim is stability of the patient/client system, through nursing interventions to reduce
stressors.’’ This definition is given by:
A. Orem
B. Peplau
C. Neuman
D. Rogers
47. According to Benner, this term refers to nurses having an intuitive grasp of the situation and as being able to
identify the region of the problem without wasting consideration on a range of alternative diagnoses and
solutions:
A. Advanced Beginner
B. Competent
C. Proficient
D. Expert
48. According to the Philosophy and Science of Caring, this term refers to incorporation of humanistic and altruistic
values, facilitates the promotion of holistic nursing care and positive health within the patient population:
A. Formation of a Humanistic-Altruistic System of Values
B. Instillation of Faith-Hope
C. Cultivation of Sensitivity to Self and to Others
 D. Development of a Helping-Trust Relationship
49. According to Neuman, stressors may arise from the following, EXCEPT:
A. Intrapersonal forces occurring within the individual
B. Interpersonal forces occurring between one or more individuals
C. Extrapersonal forces occurring outside the individual
D. Extraprofessional forces occurring within the nursing practice
50. According to Johnson, all of the following are the subsystem of human behavior, EXCEPT:
. Attachment-Affiliative Subsystem 5. Sexual Subsystem 9. Aggressive-Protective Subsystem
2. Dependency Subsystem 6. Eliminative Subsystem
3. Ingestive Subsystem 7. Social Subsystem
4. Coping Subsystem 8. Achievement Subsystem

A. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8 and 9
B. 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 9
C. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8
D. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
51. “Nursing is therapeutic interpersonal process”. This definition was stated by:
A. Hildegard Peplau
B. Jean watson
C. Faye Glen Abdelah
D. Martha Rogers
52. Transcultural Model of Nursing was proposed by:
A. Joyce Travelbee
B. Rosemarie Rizzo Parse
C. Madeleine Leininger
D. Ida Jean Orlando
53. The major concepts of Health Belief Model includes all, EXCEPT;
A. Perceived Susceptibility
B. Perceived severity
C. Perceived benefits
D. Perceived interaction
54. The sequential phases of interpersonal relationship in Peplau's theory includes all, EXCEPT:
A. Orientation
B. Identification
C. Restoration
D. Exploitation
55. Meaning, Rhythmicity, Co-transcendence are the three major concepts of:
A. Transcultural Nursing Theory
B. Unitary Human Being Theory
C. Self-care Deficit Theory
D. Human Becoming Theory
56. Which nursing model was developed by Joyce Travelbee (1926-1973)?
A. Human-to-Human Relationship Model
B. Human becoming theory
C. The theory of health as expanding consciousness
D. From Novice to Expert
57. According to Peplau's interpersonal model, during which phase of nursing process, the patient participates in
goal setting and has a feeling of belonging and selectively responds to those who can meet his or her needs?
A. Orientation
B. Identification
C. Exploitation
D. Resolution
58. The Sunrise Model of nursing was developed by:
A. Joyce Travelbee
B. Rosemarie Rizzo Parse
C. Madeleine Leininger
D. Ida Jean Orlando
59. Ethnonursing research method was developed by:
A. Madeleine Leininger
B. Florence Nightingale
C. Hildegard Peplau
D. Ida Jean Orlando
60. Human Becoming Theory was developed by:
A. Lydia E. Hall
B. Neuman
C. D. Orem
D. Rosemary Parse
61. Philosophies in nursing are the following except the works of:
A. Nightingale, Wiedenbach, Hall
B. Nightingale, Benner, Orem
C. Benner, Henderson, Watson
 D. Henderson, Abdellah, Weidenbach
62. Theories that are specific to nursing practices are works of the following nursing theorists except:
A. Travelbee & Leininger
B. Fitzpatrick & Peplau
C. Orlando & Parse
D. Roy & King
63. Behavioral system model which focuses on how the client adapts to illness and how an actual or a potential
stress can affect one’s ability to adapt is included as a/an:
A. Middle-range theory
B. Philosophy in Nursing
C. Grand theory
D. Assumptive Theory
64. The definition of nursing, which is “to assist the individual sick or well, in the performance of those activities
contributing to health or its recovery (or to peaceful death) that he would perform unaided if he had the
necessary strength will or knowledge. And to do this in such a way as to help him gain independence as rapidly
as possible”, has been known around the world and was conceptualized by:
A. Florence Nightingale
B. Virginia Henderson
C. Faye Glenn Abdellah
D. Ernestine Wiedenbach
65. Henderson identified the 14 Basic Needs of the patient, which comprise the components of nursing care, are the
following except:
A. Love & Belongingness
B. Nutrition and hydration
C. Comfort & Movement
D. Faith and communication
66. She is known to be the first nurse theorist and the matriarch of modern nursing.
A. Florence Nightingale
B. Sis Callista Roy
C. Lydia Hall
D. Dorothea Orem
67. She defined the client as a system is in dynamic, constant energy exchange with the environment.
A. Martha Rogers
B. Betty Neuman
C. Myra Levine
D. Imogene King
68. She coined the term ‘Psychodynamic Nursing’ wherein it is being able to understand one’s own behavior to help
others identify felt difficulty, and to apply principles of human relations to the problems that arise at all levels of
experience.
A. Dorothy Johnson
B. Margaret Newman
C. Hildegard Peplau
D. Loretta Zderad
69. This theory states that it is the study of the moving, intuitive experience of nurses in mutual process with those
they serve.
A. Human-to-Human Relationship Model
B. Theory of Goal Attainment
C. Nursing Process Theory
D. Science of Unitary Human Being
70. This theory is based on the problem-solving method and had a great impact on nursing curriculum development.
A. Levine’s Conversational Model
B. Kolcaba’s Theory of Comfort
C. Pender’s Health Promotion Model
D. Abdellah’s 21 Nursing Problems
71. Use communication to help patient reestablish positive adaptation to environment
A. Orem's Theory
B. Watson's Theory
C. King's Theory
D. Roy's Theory
72. Dynamic state in which individuals adapt to their internal and external environments so there is a state of
physical, emotional, intellectual, social, and spiritual well-being
A. Health
B. Neuman
C. Peplau
D. Theory
73. This nursing theorist concentrated on the art of nursing and focused on the needs of the patient.
A. Florence Nightingale
B. Virginia Henderson
C. Faye Glenn Abdellah
D. Ernestine Wiedenbach
74. This theorist proposed that nursing functions differently by using three interlocking circles to represent aspects
of the patient. She then labeled the circles as the body (the care), the disease (the cure), and the person (the
core).
A. Florence Nightingale
B. Sis Callista Roy
C. Lydia Hall
D. Dorothea Orem
75. Theory goal is to identify types of demands placed on patient, assess adaptation to demands, and help patient
adapt
A. King
B. Orem
C. person
D. Roy
76. She stated that the perceptions, judgments, and actions of the patient and the nurse lead to a reaction,
interaction, and transaction wherein the nurse and patient perceive each other and judge the situation; then
they act, react, interact, and transact.
A. Martha Rogers
B. Betty Neuman
C. Myra Levine
D. Imogene King
77. Levine conceptualized this term which means it is a process of change whereby the individual retains his
integrity within the realities of his internal and external environment.
A. Adaptation
B. Conservation
C. Response
D. Holism
78. According to Orem, all of the following are the suggested universal self-care requisites common across the life
span, EXCEPT:
A. Maintenance of sufficient intake of air, food, and water.
B. Provision of care associated with elimination processes and excrements.
C. Maintenance of balance between activity and rest; and, solitude and social interaction.
D. Prevention of or overcoming effects of human conditions and life situations that can adversely affect
human development.
79. According to Roy, this term is described as all the environmental factors that present to the person from within
or without but which are not the center of the person’s attention and/or energy:
A. Focal stimuli
B. Contextual stimuli
C. Residual stimuli
D. Coping process
80. According to Neumann, BCG vaccination is important among the newborn in order to prevent the occurrence of
tuberculosis. This is what type of prevention?
A. Primary
B. Secondary
C. Tertiary
D. Fourtiary
81. Increase gastric acidity due to intake of too much caffeine can cause minor heartburning. From the situation, the
increase of gastric acidity is what type of stimulus according to Roy?
A. Event
B. Contextual
C. Residual
D. Focal
82. This definition of nursing, is a process of action, reaction, and interaction whereby nurse and client share
information about their perceptions in the nursing situation, is given by:
A. Roy
B. Johnson
C. King
D. Neumann
83. The start of identity among the adolescence is important in determining their role in the society. According to
Johnson, this is what type of behavioral subsystem?
A. Ingestive
B. Eliminative
C. Sexual
D. Achievement
84. Which of the following definition of nursing paradigm was defined by Johnson?
A. Nursing, as an art and science, supplies external assistance both before and during system balance
disturbance and therefore requires knowledge of order, disorder, and control.
B. Nursing as a health care profession that focuses on human life processes and patterns and emphasizes
promotion of health for individuals, families, groups, and society as a whole.
C. Nursing is a unique profession in that it is concerned with all of the variables affecting an individual’s
response to stress.
D. Nursing is an observable behavior found in the healthcare systems in the society.
85. Professional practice in nursing seeks to promote symphonic interaction between human and environmental
fields, to strengthen the integrity of the human field, and to direct and redirect patterning of human and
environmental fields for realization of maximum health potential, is defined by:
A. Roy
B. Rogers
C. Levine
D. Johnson
86. Roy’s theory identified the different needs in maintaining the integrity of physiological-physical of the living
organism. These includes the following, EXCEPT:
A. Oxygenation and nutrition
B. Cognition and communication
C. Elimination and protection
D. Activity and rest
87. Levine identified the different characteristics of adaptation. All but one is not mentioned:
A. Helicy
B. Historicity
C. Specificity
D. Redundancy
88. According to King, the following are assumptions about an individual or a person, EXCEPT:
A. Individuals have the capacity to think, know, make choices, and select alternative courses of action.
B. Individuals have the ability through their language and other symbols to record their history and
preserve their culture.
C. Individuals have their initiative to maintain desirable systems of functioning.
D. Individuals differ in their needs, wants, and goals.
89. This term means a complex acquired ability of mature and maturing persons to know and meet their continuing
requirements for deliberate, purposive action to regulate their own human functioning and development.
A. Dependent-Care Agency
B. Nursing Agency
C. Self-Care Agency
D. Self-Care Deficit
90. She defined health as dynamic life experiences of a human being, which implies continuous adjustment to
stressors in the internal and external environment through optimum use of one’s resources to achieve maximum
potential for daily living.
A. King
B. Johnson
C. Neumann
D. Orem
91. All of the following are theoretical assertions of Rogers, EXCEPT:
A. Man is a unified whole possessing his own integrity and manifesting characteristics more than different
from the sum of his part.
B. Man and environment are continuously exchanging matter and energy with one another.
C. Man is characterized by the capacity for abstraction and imagery, language and thought, sensation, and
emotion.
D. The life process evolves reversibly and directionally along the space-time continuum.
92. This Filipino nursing theorist worked on retirement and role discontinuities.
A. Carmencita Abaquin
B. Carolina Agravante
C. Letty Kuan
D. Irma Bustamante
93. Carmencita Abaquin is a famous Filipino nursing theorist because she focused on what important aspect in
nursing practice?
A. Care for the terminally ill
B. Care for the elderly
C. Death and dying
D. End-of-life care
94. She authored about the interventions and quality of life of advance progressive cancer patients entitled “Prepare
Me.”
A. Carmencita Abaquin
B. Carolina Agravante
C. Letty Kuan
D. Irma Bustamante
95. The 5 determinants of positive perceptions in retirement and positive reactions toward role discontinuities are
the following:

1. Health Status 2. Income 3. Work Status 4. Family Constellation

A. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
B. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6
C. 1, 3, 4, 7, 8
D. 2, 4, 5, 7, 8
96. According to Kuan’s Theory, this term refers to an individual who has left the position occupied for the past
years of productive life because he/she has reached the prescribed retirement age of has completed the required
years of service.
A. Senior Citizen
B. Late Old Adult
C. Golden Ager
D. Retiree
97. She authored a theory entitled “Towards the Enhancement of Self-Esteem for the Filipino Abused Women.”
A. Imelda Javier
B. Elsie Antiporta-Tee
C. Letty Kuan
D. Irma Bustamante
98. This is a mixed method of research, wherein it focuses on the caring behavior of both nursing students and
nursing clinical instructor, made by:
A. Imelda Javier
B. Elsie Antiporta-Tee
C. Letty Kuan
D. Irma Bustamante
99. She made this theory entitled “Effect of H.E.L.P FOR M.O.M.S” that focuses on the preparation of pregnant
mothers both physical and psychological for the coming birth.
A. Imelda Javier
B. Elsie Antiporta-Tee
C. Letty Kuan
D. Irma Bustamante
100. According to her theory, this term refers to the being with another person during the times of need.
A. Presence
B. Empathy
C. Sympathy
D. Companionship

-=====Good luck & God bless=====-

Prepared by:

Lucky P. Roaquin, MAN