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Homework 3

The tensile strength of Portland cement was studied using four different mixing techniques in a completely randomized experiment. ANOVA analysis found that mixing technique significantly affected tensile strength. Boxplots and Tukey's test showed some techniques produced significantly different strengths than others. Residual analysis supported the normality assumption. Four catalysts' effects on a liquid mixture's concentration were also investigated, with ANOVA finding the catalysts significantly impacted concentration.

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Zerlynda Fitria Nur Mayanti
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98 views

Homework 3

The tensile strength of Portland cement was studied using four different mixing techniques in a completely randomized experiment. ANOVA analysis found that mixing technique significantly affected tensile strength. Boxplots and Tukey's test showed some techniques produced significantly different strengths than others. Residual analysis supported the normality assumption. Four catalysts' effects on a liquid mixture's concentration were also investigated, with ANOVA finding the catalysts significantly impacted concentration.

Uploaded by

Zerlynda Fitria Nur Mayanti
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. The tensile strength of Portland cement is being studied.

Four different mixing techniques


can be used economically. A completely randomized experiment was conducted.
a. The hypothesis test that mixing techniques affect the strength of the cement, alpha=0.05.
H0: The mixing techniques has no significant effect on the tensile strength.
H1: The mixing techniques has significant effect on the tensile strength.

According to the spss output of one-way ANOVA test, the model has a F value for 12.728 and a
p-value for less than 0.05. The p-value which is less than 0.05 has a meaning that we should reject
the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis. It means that the mixing technique affects
the tensile strength.

b. Construct a graphical display as described in “October 4 class” to compare the mean tensile
strength for the four mixing techniques.

One of a simple way to visualize the treatment of the means is by simply plot the four mean of
tensile strength on the same graph as T distribution. The chosen graph here is boxplot. According
to the figure, we can conclude that mixing 1 and 3 are the same. Mixing 4 differs from mixing 1
and 3. Mixing 2 also different with mixing 1 and 3. Also, mixing 2 and 4 are different.
c. The Fisher LSD method with alpha = 0.05 to make comparisons between pairs of means.

Above is the comparison between pairs of mean using Fisher LSD method. The mean difference
among each comparison between pairs of means. The Fisher LSD reveals that the means of mixing
technique 1 and 3 are not significantly different. All other pairs of the means are significantly
different.

d. Construct a normal probability plot of the residuals.


The assumption made previously is that the data is normally distributed. To be sure, we have to
check the normality assumption by creating a normal probability plot. The figure above shows that
the plot is roughly linear which means that the normality assumption made previously is valid.

e. Plot the residuals versus the predicted tensile strength.

The predicted tensile strength for each treatment, we use the fitted values. The plot exhibits a little
outward opening funnel, even if it is not too obvious but it still affects the non-consistency.

f. Prepare a scatter plot of the results to aid the interpretation of the results of this experiment.
g. Rework part b, using Tukey’s test with a = 0.05.

According to the comparison between the graphical procedure and Fisher LSD with Tukey test are
the difference existence. In this Tukey test, the large mean difference is found on the mixing 4.
Fisher uses t statistic to compare pairs of treatment means, while Tukey uses studentized range
statistic. It means that fisher procedure controls the error rate for each individual pairwise
comparison, while the Tukey uses the overall error rate.

h. Find a 95% confidence interval on the mean tensile strength of the Portland cement
produced by each of the four mixing techniques. Also find a 95% confidence interval on
the difference in means for techniques 1 and 3.

Above is the 95% confidence interval on the mean tensile strength.


The figure with the red boxed line above shows the 95% mean difference for the technique 1 and
3.
2. Four catalysts that may affect the concentration of one component in a three- component
liquid mixture are being investigated.
a. Do the four catalysts have the same effect on the concentration?
H0: The four catalysts have no significant effect to the concentration.
H1: The four catalysts have significant effect to the concentration.

According to the spss output of one-way ANOVA test, the model has a F value for 9.916 and a p-
value for 0.001. The p-value which is less than 0.05 has a meaning that we should reject the null
hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis. It means that the four catalysts have effect to the
concentration.
b. The residual analysis

The assumption made previously is that the data is normally distributed. To be sure, we have to
check the normality assumption by creating a normal probability plot. The figure above shows that
the plot is roughly linear which means that the normality assumption made previously is valid
The mixture.stdres shows the value of standardized residuals while the mixture.res shows the
residuals.

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