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Practice

The document contains 7 practice questions on linear algebra concepts like echelon form, reduced echelon form, solving systems of linear equations, and finding the general solution of a linear system based on its augmented matrix. The questions provide matrices and ask the learner to identify the form, apply row operations to put the matrix in echelon or reduced echelon form, solve systems of equations, or find the general solution. Step-by-step solutions or explanations are provided for each question.

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mmlm
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64 views

Practice

The document contains 7 practice questions on linear algebra concepts like echelon form, reduced echelon form, solving systems of linear equations, and finding the general solution of a linear system based on its augmented matrix. The questions provide matrices and ask the learner to identify the form, apply row operations to put the matrix in echelon or reduced echelon form, solve systems of equations, or find the general solution. Step-by-step solutions or explanations are provided for each question.

Uploaded by

mmlm
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Practice Questions for Lecture # 4

Question # 1

Identify if the following matrices are in echelon form or reduced echelon form or not in both forms. Also
give the reason to justify your answer.

1 2 3 4 
a.
0 0 1 4 
 
0 0 0 0 
Echelon Form
6 2 1 4 

b. 0 0 0 0

 
0 0 4 0 

Neither Echelon nor Reduced echelon forms because row with all zero elements is not the last row. All
non-zero rows are above any rows of all zeros.

1 0 0 0 
c.
0 1 0 0 
 
0 0 1 0 

Reduced echelon form because:

The leading entry in each nonzero row is 1.

Each leading 1 is the only nonzero entry in its column

1 1 2 

d. 0 1 1

 
0 0 −2 

Echelon form:

Each leading entry of a row is in a column to the right of the leading entry of the row above it.

All entries in a column below a leading entry are zero


 −1 0 2 0 
e.
 0 1 0 0
 
 0 0 0 1 
Echelon form:

1 2 3 
f. 0 1 2 
 

Echelon form:

Question # 2

2 3 5 7
 
For the given linear system 0 2 3 9 , find the solution when free variable z = 0 .
 
 0 0 0 0 

Solution:

Corresponding system of equation is

2 x + 3 y + 5z = 7 − − − 1
2 y + 3z = 9 −−−2
as given z =0
put this value of z in equation 2 we get
2y + 0 = 9
y = 4.5
put the value of y and z in equation 1
2 x + 3(4.5) + 0 =7
2 x + 13.5 = 7
2x = 7 − 13.5 = −6.5
x = 3.25

Question # 3

Apply elementary row operations to transform the following matrix into the reduced echelon
form:
3 6 9
A 1
= 3 3 
 4 8 5 
Solution:

3 6 9
A 1
= 3 3 
 4 8 5 
1/ 3R1
1 2 3
1 3 3 

 4 8 5
R2 − R1
1 2 3
0 1 0 

 4 8 5 
R4 − 4 R1
1 2 3 
0 1 0 
 
0 0 − 7 
R1 − 2 R2
1 0 3 
0 1 0 
 
0 0 − 7 
−1/ 7 R3
1 0 3
0 1 0 

0 0 1
R1 − 3R3
1 0 0
 0 
0 1
0 0 1

Question # 4
Apply elementary row operations to transform the following matrix into the echelon form:

1 3 2
A 1 2 2 
= 
 4 −1 − 4 

Solution:

1 3 2
A 1 2 2 
= 
 4 −1 − 4 
R2 − R1 , R3 − 4 R1
1 3 2 
0 −1 − 1 
 
0 −13 −12 
− R2
1 3 2 
0 1 1 

0 −13 −12 
R3 + 13R2
1 3 2
0 1 1

0 0 1

Question # 5

Apply elementary row operations to transform the following matrix into

a. Echelon form:
b. Reduced Echelon form

1 − 3 − 2 1 
A =  −6 2 5 3 
 2 1 1 − 3
Solution:

1 − 3 − 2 1 
A =  −6 2 5 3 
 2 1 1 − 3
add      
6 times the 1st row to the 2nd row
−2 times the 1st row to the 3rd row
add      
by −1 / 16
multiply  the 2nd row  
−7 times the 2nd row to the 3rd row
add      
multiply   
the 3rd row by  /
16 31
1 −3 −2 1 
0 1 7 /16 −9 /16 
 
0 0 1 −17 / 31

The matrix is in echelon form

To convert this in reduced echelon form

add -7/16 times the 3rd row to the 2nd row

add 2 times the 3rd row to the 1st row

add 3 times the 2nd row to the 1st row

1 0 0 −33 / 31
0 1 0 −10 / 31
 
0 0 1 −17 / 31

Question # 6

1 1 3 
Find the general solution of a linear system whose augmented matrix is  
 3 2 1

Solution:
Corresponding system of linear equation

x+ y=3
3x + 2 y =
1

Multiply equation 1 with 3 and subtract from sec ond


3x + 3 y =9
3x + 2 y =
1
− − −
0 + y =8
put the value of y in first equation
x +8 = 3
x =3 − 8 =−5

Question # 7

1 0 0 
Find the general solution of a linear system whose augmented matrix is  
0 1 0
Corresponding system of linear equation

x + 0y = 0
0x + y = 0

x=0
y=0

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