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CAN Bus

CAN bus was designed for the automotive industry to enable fast, robust, and fault-tolerant data transmission between electronic devices using small amounts of data. It uses network arbitration to determine which device can access the shared bus based on message priority set by the identifier. The data packet structure includes an arbitration field, control field, data field, CRC field, and other elements. Engineers can build simple CAN bus networks using training kits to design and test data transmission in real-world applications. CAN bus has been widely adopted beyond automotive use in many other industries that require reliable network communication.

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Mihnea Dobre
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99 views

CAN Bus

CAN bus was designed for the automotive industry to enable fast, robust, and fault-tolerant data transmission between electronic devices using small amounts of data. It uses network arbitration to determine which device can access the shared bus based on message priority set by the identifier. The data packet structure includes an arbitration field, control field, data field, CRC field, and other elements. Engineers can build simple CAN bus networks using training kits to design and test data transmission in real-world applications. CAN bus has been widely adopted beyond automotive use in many other industries that require reliable network communication.

Uploaded by

Mihnea Dobre
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Why Can bus?

CAN bus was designed to serve the very specific needs of the automotive industry. To be fast, robust,
fault tolerant, deliver small amounts of data to automotive electronic devices.

Network Arbitration

The algorithm used by CAN bus for network devices to effectively use and share a common network bus.

Data Packet Structure

The basic composition of a CAN bus data frame and how it relates to Network Arbitration

Building a Real Network

Using a CAN training kit, I build a simple CAN bus network data packets. It will show you first hand what
network engineers do to design and build CAN bus network.

CAN Based Networks

A look at the many different industry built upon CAN bus.

1. CAN Bus was designed out of a need in the automotive


industry.
More features ---- More electronic components

First vehicle BMW installed CAN bus was BMW 850 Coupe
1986
They reduced wires length by 2 km and reduced weight by
50kg.
CAN bus – responsible for very reliable and rapid data
exchange.
Example: Power sliding door on Minivan
Body Control Module \Door Control Module
Key
Engine Control Module
Network Arbitration in Modbus/Network
Network consist of devices connected via some “shared” pathway
The GOAL is to get data reliably and securely delivered to the right devices at the right
time.

1.Modbus on RS485

One master and multiple slaves.

Master sends a message to a slave


and wait for answer.

Each device on the network must have a unique address.


2.Ethernet on a Local Area Network

A B C D communicate at the same


time.

Collision

Can BUS uses CSMA/CD but with some very important


differences.
Non-Destructive Collision Detection
If 1 and 3 transmit at the same time
one of them will detect the collision
and back-off and the other keep
transmiting.

Unlike Ethernet, in CAN Bus each message has a priority.


Priorities are determined and set at design time.
On CAN Bus entire network operates on BROADCAST. Each
devices constantly transmit data that is relevant.
Exemple: Windows Locks module doesn’t need to know Engine
temperature.
Message Types:
Like a freeway, theCANbus network allows data from all the
sensors and computers to circulate around the car at all times.
Each ECU transmits all its sensor and programming information
constantly- a many as 2000 signals are floating around the
network at any time, whether they’re being requested or not.
At the same time, each ECU “listens” to the network to pluck out
pieces of information it may need to carry out its work.
There is no central hub or routing system, just a continuous flow
of information that’s always available to the ECUs.

CAN Bus Data Frame Format

CAN 2.0A – Standard CAN – Data Packet

Arbitration: 11-bit Identifier (Network Arbitration)


Control: RTR,IDE,R0,DLC(4)
Data: 0-8 Bytes( Engine temperature, Engine RPM)
CRC: 5-bit CRC, DEL
ACK: ACK,DEL

EOF: 7

SOF - start of frame

Arbitration - also called the Message Identifier.Responsible for Network Arbitration through setting of
message priority. Implements non-destructive collision detection. (THE MOST IMPORTANT PART)

Control - user defined functions

Data - user defined. Can be 0-8 bytes.

Cyclical Redundancy Check – used for error detection

ACK – acknowledgement

EOF – end of frame

CAN Bus Electrical Characteristics

CAN_H – CAN High

CAN_L – CAN Low


Logic 1 – CAN_H and CAN_L are 2.5 volts. So voltage difference is 0 volts. Express a “Recessive” bit.

Logic 0 – CAN_H = 3.5 volts and CAN_L = 1.5 volts. So voltage difference is 2 volts. Expresses a
“Dominant” bit

If any device on a CAN Bus network is driving the Bus to Logic 0,


no other device can drive it to Logic 1!!!
Message Identifier(just a number)
Two Functions:
1. To uniquely identify the message type.
2. To set the priority of the message.
The lower the value of the Message Identifier, the higher the priority of the message!!

Before a device transmits it will check the Bus to see that a Logic 1
is on the Bus whick indicate inactivity.

The CAN Bus specification DOES NOT specify the content of the
Data Bytes(CAN Bus doesn’t care what the engineer puts into that
field).
First you choose your message identifier then you choose what
byte represents what

CAN FD Flexible Data Rate

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