FIRST PREBOARD SOLUTION (HYDRAULICS)
PROBLEM: PROBLEM:
A pressure gage at elevation 4.8 m on the side of a A 3.7-m high by 1.5-m wide rectangular gate AB is
storage tank containing oil reads 34.7 kPa. Another vertical and is hinged at a point 150 mm below its
gage at elevation 2.2 m reads 57.5 kPa. Compute the center of gravity. The total depth of water is 6.1 m.
specific gravity of the liquid. What horizontal force F (kN) must be applied at the
bottom of the gate for equilibrium.
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
P h
57.5 34.7 sg 9.81 4.8 2.2
sg = 0.89
PROBLEM:
A barrel containing water weighs 1260 N. What will
be the reading on the scale (N) if a 5 cm by 5 cm piece
of wood is held vertically in the water to a depth of
0.60 m?
SOLUTION:
For every acting force, there must be an equal and
opposite reacting force. The buoyant force exerted by
the water upward against the bottom of the piece of
wood is opposed by the 5 cm by 5 cm area of wood
acting downward on the water with equal magnitude.
This force will measure the increase in scale reading.
BF w Vsub
BF 9810 0.05 0.60
2
BF 14.715 N
new scale reading = 1260 + 14.715
new scale reading = 1274.715 N
3.7
h y 2.4 4.25 m
PROBLEM: 2
Determine the volume (m3) of an object that weighs
200 N in water and 300 N in oil.
I
e
SOLUTION: Ay
1.5 3.7
3
Wliquid Wair BF 12
e
200 Wair 9810V 1 1.5 3.7 4.25
300 Wair 0.8 9810 V 2 e 0.268 m
Wair = 700 N
V = 0.051 m3
P hA
P 9.81 4.25 1.5 3.7
P 231.39 kN
jdlr
FIRST PREBOARD SOLUTION (HYDRAULICS)
Mhinge 0] PROBLEM:
A stone weighs 600 N, and when it was lowered into
a square tank 0.610 m on a side, the weight of the
3.7 stone in water was 323 N. How much did the water
P e .15 F 0.15
2 rise in the tank, in mm?
231.39 0.268 0.15 F 1.7
SOLUTION:
F = 16.06 kN
PROBLEM:
Determine “y” in Figure so that the flashboard will
tumble only when the water reaches their top?
Wliquid Wair BF
323 600 9810V
Vstone 0.028 m3
Vstone Vrise
0.028 0.61 y
2
SOLUTION:
y = 0.076 m
4
y = 1.33 m
3
PROBLEM:
The hydraulic jack in the figure is filled with oil at
PROBLEM: 897 kg/m3. Neglecting the weight of the two
A square pole (s.g.=0.68), 80 mm by 80 mm by 6 m pistons, what force F, in Newtons, on the handle is
long, is suspended by a wire so that 4 m is required to support the 8900-N weight for this
submerged in water and 2 m is above the surface. design?
What is the tension (N) in the wire?
SOLUTION:
W BF T
0.68 9810 0.08 0.08 6 9810 0.08 0.08 4 T
T=5N
jdlr
FIRST PREBOARD SOLUTION (HYDRAULICS)
SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
F2 A
W
BF A
F1
T
F2 A2 p2
MA 0]
0.075 p2
2
8900
4 W 2.5cos BF 2cos
p2 2014547.902 Pa
W 2.5 9810 0.08 4 2
2
p2 p1 4
W = 157.79 N
F1 A1p1 Fv 0]
W T BF
0.025 2014547.902
2
F1
4
157.79 T 9810 0.08 4
2
F1 988.889 N
4
T = 39.45 N
MA 0]
WV
F 400 988.889 25
157.79 sg 9810 0.08 5
2
F = 61.8 N 4
Sgwood = 0.64
PROBLEM:
The uniform 5-m-long round wooden rod in Figure PROBLEM:
FM-2 is tied to the bottom by a string. A barge 12.6 m long with a flat bottom and
rectangular ends 7.5 m wide by 3.0 m high has a
1. Determine the weight(N) of the rod. draft of 1.8 m when fully loaded and floating in an
2. Determine the tension (N) in the string. upright position. The center of gravity when fully
3. Determine the specific gravity of the wood loaded is on the axis of symmetry and 30 cm above
the water surface.
1. What is the initial metacentric height (m)?
2. What is the metacentric height (m) when the angle
of heel is 12º
3. What is the resulting couple (kN-m)?
jdlr
FIRST PREBOARD SOLUTION (HYDRAULICS)
B2
MBo
12D
1 0.5 tan2
7.5
2
B2
MBo 1 0.5tan2 1 0.5 tan2 12
12D 12 1.8
7.5
2
1 0.5tan2 0 MBo 2.66 m
12 1.8
MBo 2.60 m MB0 GBo (M is above G)
GBo 0.90 0.30 GM MBo GBo
GBo 1.20 m 2.66 1.20
GM = 1.46 m
MBo GBo (M is above G)
RM W GM sin
GM MBo GBo
RM BF GM sin
2.60 1.20
GM = 1.40 m
BF f Vsubmerged
9.81 7.5 1.8 12.6
BF 1668.68 kN
RM 1668.68 1.46 sin 12
RM = 506.53 kN – m
jdlr
