Literature Review

Introduction :
Overview Of The Industry :

Printing is a process for reproducing text and image, typically with ink on paper using
a printing press. It is often carried out as a large-scale industrial process, and is an essential part
of publishing and transaction printing.

Indian print media is one of the largest print media in the world. The history of it
started in 1780, with the publication of the Bengal Gazette from Calcutta. James Augustus
Hickey is considered as the father of Indian press; as he started the first Indian newspaper from
Calcutta , the Calcutta General Advertise or the Bengal Gazette in January, 1780. In 1789, the
first newspaper from Bombay , the Bombay Herald appeared, followed by the Bombay Courier
next year (this newspaper was later amalgamated with the Times of India in 1861).

The first newspaper in an Indian language was the Samachar Darpan in Bengali . The
first issue of this daily was published from the Serampore Mission Press on May 23, 1818. In the
same year, Ganga Kishore Bhattacharya started publishing another newspaper in Bengali , the
Bengal Gazetti. On July 1, 1822 the first Gujarati newspaper the Bombay Samachar was
published from Bombay , which is still extant. The first Hindi newspaper, the Samachar Sudha
Varshan began in 1854. Since then, the prominent Indian languages in which papers have grown
over the years are Hindi , Marathi , Malayalam , Kannada , Tamil , Telugu , Urdu and Bengali .

The Indian language papers have taken over the English press as per the latest NRS
survey of newspapers. The main reason is the marketing strategy followed by the regional
papers, beginning with Eenadu, a Telugu daily started by Ramoji Rao. The second reason is the
growing literacy rate. Increase in the literacy rate has direct positive effect on the rise of
circulation of the regional papers.

The people are first educated in their mother tongue as per their state in which they
live for e.g. students in Maharashtra are compulsory taught Marathi language and hence they are
educated in their state language and the first thing a literate person does is read papers and gain
knowledge and hence higher the literacy rate in a state the sales of the dominating regional paper
in that state rises. The next reason is localization of news.

Indian regional papers have several editions for a particular State for complete
localization of news for the reader to connect with the paper. Malayala Manorama has about 10
editions in Kerala itself and six others outside Kerala. Thus regional papers aim at providing
localised news for their readers. Even Advertisers saw the huge potential of the regional paper
market, partly due to their own research and more due to the efforts of the regional papers to
make the advertisers aware of the huge market.
 The Indian Newspaper industry is one of the largest in the world. It publishes the
largest number of paid-for titles in the world. In 1997, the total number of newspapers and
periodicals published was 41705, which include 4720 dailies and 14743 weeklies. The highest
numbers of newspapers was published in Hindi, 16864. Newspapers in India are measured on
two parameters, circulation and readership. Circulation is certified by the Audit Bureau of
Circulations which is an industry body. It audits the paid-for circulation of the member
newspaper companies. Readership is estimated by two different surveys, The Indian Readership
Survey (IRS) and the National Readership Survey (NRS).

List of major players in the industry :

 The Times of India

 Dainik Jagran
 Malayala Manorama
 The Hindu
 Deccan Chronicles
 Ananda Bazar Patrika
 Amar Ujala
 Dainik Bhaskar
 Hindustan Times
 Hindustan
 Eenadu
 The Economic times
 The New Indian Express
 The Telegraph
 Deccan Herald
Categorization of players in the industry

Category Players
Dailies Deccan Chronicle, The Times of India, The
Hindu, Aaj Tak, India Abroad, Deepika
Global, Asian Age

Business The Economic times, The Financial

dailies Express, Business Line, Business Standard
Weeklies and The Week, Outlook, India Today, Asha
Monthlies kiran, Panchjanya weekly
Regional Andhra Pradesh: Deccan Chronicle,
Andhra Bhoomi, Hindi Milap

Delhi: Hindustan Times, Pioneer

Maharashtra: Bombay Mid-day, Lokmat

Times, Sakaal , Loksatta

West Bengal: The Telegraph, The

Statesman
Film related Filmfare, Screen, Planet Bollywood, Indian
Express Bollywood Scoop, Apun Ka
Choice, Indian Television, RedifIndia, Film
Trip, Star Dust
Computer PC Quest, Cyber India, Data Quest, Voice
related & Data, Computers Today, Express
Computer, Silicon India
Others The Onion, India Today Plus, Des Pardes,
India Together, Teens Today, Andhra
Jyothi in telugu, Wow Hyderabad, Zee
Premiere, Showtime, Arcade, JAM, India
Talkies

Brief profile of players in the industry

The Times of India

The Times of India (TOI) is a popular English-language broadsheet daily newspaper in India . It
has the widest circulation among all English-language daily newspapers in the world, across all
formats (broadsheet, compact, Berliner and online). It is owned and managed by Bennett,
Coleman & Co. Ltd. which is owned by the Sahu Jain family.
In 2008, the newspaper reported that (with a circulation of over 3.14 million) it was certified by
the Audit Bureau of Circulations as the world’s largest selling English- language daily
newspaper, placing as the 8th largest selling newspaper in any language in the world. According
to the Indian Readership Survey ( IRS ) 2008, the Times of India is the most widely read English
newspaper in India with a readership of 13.3 million. This ranks the Times of India as the top
English newspaper in India by readership. According to COM Score , TOI Online is the world’s
most-visited newspaper website with 159 million page views in May 2009, ahead of the New
York Times , The Sun , Washington Post , Daily Mail and USA Today websites.

The Times of India is published by the media group Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd. This
company, along with its other group companies, known as The Times Group , also publishes The
Economic Times , Mumbai Mirror , the Navbharat Times (a Hindi-language daily broadsheet),
the Maharashtra Times (a Marathi-language daily broadsheet). The Times is self-declared as a
liberal newspaper, and is sometimes described as irreverent.

The Times of India is printed from the following places:

TOI press are in Sahibabad, Ahmedabad , Bhubaneswar , Bengaluru , Bhopal , Chandigarh ,

Chennai , Delhi , Goa , Guwahati , Hyderabad , Indore , Jaipur , Kanpur , Kolkata , Lucknow ,
Mangalore , Mumbai , Mysore , Nagpur , Patna , Pune , Ranchi , Surat .

Total Average Circulation for 2008: 3,433,000 copies.

Supplements

The Times of India comes with several city-specific supplements, such as Delhi Times , Calcutta
Times , Bombay Times , Hyderabad Times, Kanpur Times, Lucknow Times, Indore Times,
Nagpur Times, Bangalore Times, Pune Times, Ahmedabad Times and Chennai Times, The
Times of South Mumbai, The Times of Doon, Meerut Plus, Haridwar Plus , Bhopal Plus .

Other regular supplements include:

Times Wellness (Saturdays) – Times Wellness focuses on solutions to health issues and guidance
to better living.

Education Times (Mondays) – Education Times caters to the ever-expanding student community
and learning experience, as a career guidance, counselor and adviser.

Times Ascent(Wednesdays) – Editorial of Times Ascent, Centers on human resource

development and the impact and implications on business and society.

ZIG WHEELS – ZigWheels.com is an automotive website reviewing, discussing, features and

interviews on Indian vehicles.
Times Life (Sundays) – Times Life is the supplement which is feature driven What’s Hot
(Fridays) – Focus on latest happenings/events. Special pages created for channels and details of
programmes.

Rouge (Saturdays) – Concentrates on women’s interest areas.

Dainik Jagran

Dainik Jagran is the World’s Largest Read Newspaper and the Number One Hindi Newspaper in
India. It is the world’s largest read newspaper and is one the largest newspapers in the world. It
was the brainchild of the aggressive freedom fighter Mr. Puranchandra Gupta. The first edition
was launched in Jhansi in 1942 and in 1947. Dainik Jagran shifted its headquarters to Kanpur
and thus launched its second edition. In this new, dynamic world of Indian media Dainik Jagran
is an iconic brand. More than 55.7 million people reach out for Dainik Jagran making it the
largest read daily of India.

Dainik Jagran’s 37 editions carve a huge swathe across eleven states – Madhya Pradesh (
Bhopal, Indore , Gwalior , Jabalpur , Ratlam , Satna & Saugor ) along with the states of
Uttar Pradesh , Uttarakhand , Punjab, Haryana, Bihar, Jharkhand, Himachal Pradesh, Delhi, West
Bengal and Jammu & Kashmir .

Some supplements offered by the Dainik Jagaran are: Jhankaar, Yatra, Sangini, Josh, Nai
Rahein, E - PAPER

Jagran.com has various channels on its website focusing on different information needs of its
users. On the website the latest news in Hindi more than 30 times a day. In addition to news, they
also have more than 30 other channels on their website including: Junior Jagran - A colored,
bilingual, weekly tabloid catering to the taste of the youngsters and teenagers of 13–19 years age
group.

Khana Khazana - A cookery channel targeted at household women who cherish cooking. Jagran
Yahoo! Khana Khazana is a complete resource of multi cuisine recipes and quick cooking tips.
Channel Sakhi - The Sakhi is a premium women’s channel targeted at upwardly mobile and
outgoing women in the upper socio-economic class. The channel highlights the role of women in
modern times and helps them in coping with the outside world.

Josh - A monthly supplement of jagran.com which is concentrating on educational content,

career related queries, personality development, and updates on science and technology.
Cine Maza- A popular Bollywood news and reviews channel of Jagran.com giving information
on Bollywood, top 5 releases, Box office hits, fact files of actors and actresses with biographies
and latest releases.

The Hindu

The Hindu is a leading English-language Indian daily newspaper with a circulation of 1.45
million and is the second-largest circulated daily English newspaper in India after Times of India
, and slightly ahead of The Economic Times . According to the Indian Readership Survey ( IRS )
2008, The Hindu is the third most-widely read English newspaper in India (after Times of India
and Hindustan Times ) with a readership of 5.2 million. It has its largest base of circulation in
South India, especially Tamil Nadu headquartered at Chennai (formerly called Madras). The
Hindu was published weekly when it was launched in 1878, and started publishing daily in 1889.

The Hindu became, in 1995, the first Indian newspaper to offer an online edition. The Hindu is
published from 13 locations - Bangalore , Chennai , Coimbatore , Delhi , Hyderabad , Kochi ,
Kolkata , Madurai , Mangalore , Thiruvananthapuram , Tiruchirapalli.

Achievements :

The Hindu has many firsts in India to its credit, which include the following

1940 - First to introduce colour

1963 - First to own fleet of aircraft for distribution

1969 - First to adopt facsimile system of page transmission

1980 - First to use computer aided photo composing

1986 - First to use satellite for facsimile transmission

1994 - First to adopt wholly computerized integration of text and graphics in page make- up and
remote imaging

1995 - First newspaper to go on Internet

1999 - Becomes India national news paper

Supplements and features

Mondays - Metro Plus, Business Review, Tuesday - Young World, Education, Book
Review, Improve Your English, Wednesdays - Job Opportunities, Thursdays - Metro

Plus, Science, Engineering, Technology & Agriculture, Friday - Friday Features,

Saturday - Metro Plus Weekend, Sunday - Weekly Magazine, Open Page, Literary

Review.

Daily features - This day that age, Religion, The Hindu Crossword, Sudoku Online

presence. The Hindu was the first newspaper in India to have a website, launched in

1995.

Deccan Chronicle

Type Daily newspaper

Format Broadsheet

Owner Deccan Chronicle Holdings Ltd.

Editor A T Jayanti

Founded 1938

Language English

Headquarters Hyderabad, India

Circulation 1,349,959 Daily

Website www.deccanchronicle.com

The Deccan Chronicle is a daily newspaper published through the Andhra Pradesh , Karnataka
and Tamil Nadu states of India . It is published in English. The newspapers name derives from
the originating place Deccan regions of India. Other supplements by it are TV Guide, Sunday
Chronicle, Chennai and Bengaluru Chronicle. It also supplies other weekly features like School
chronicle, Teen Chronicle, Sunday chronicle, etc.
Eenadu

Eenadu, headquartered in Hyderabad , India , is the largest circulated Telugu news daily in the
state of Andhra Pradesh . According to NRS (National Readership Studies) 2005 it has got a
readership of 1,134,000 and is the third most circulated regional language daily and 10th most
circulated daily in India . Eenadu (meaning “Today” in Telugu) was founded by the Indian media
baron Ramoji Rao in 1974. It has played a role in either crowning or dethroning governments in
Andhra Pradesh . It has also successfully adapted the latest publishing and communication
technologies into the Telugu language . Eenadu’s rapid expansion enabled diversification of its
portfolio by venturing into numerous other markets such as finance and chitfund (Margadarsi
chits), foods (Priya Foods), film production (Usha Kiran Films), film distribution (Mayuri
Films), and a group of television channels ( ETV ). All the businesses are organized under
Ramoji Group.

History

As with any other publication, Eenadu too had its share of struggles. When launched in
Vishakapatnam , it wasn’t able to sell more than 3,000 copies a week. Eenadu found itself
struggling to become a daily publication ranked amongst other popular rival publications.

By 1975, Eenadu managed to achieve its target of becoming a daily publication. However, it was
popular in regions and rivalry was still an issue. In a period where the company needed vision to
drive and expand it any further. Eenadu hired a new set of directors to be part of its key decision
and management group which drove it towards what it is today being the top read, highly
circulated newspaper.

Mr. Ramoji rao’s growth from nowhere to everywhere, is amazing. His name became a
household name. Everyone in Andhra Pradesh knows Ramoji Rao. He is an inspiration for many
young business people.

Though Eenadu is a highly circulating newspaper, they have a healthy competition with other
circulating newspapers Vaartha , Sakshi (magazine) , and Andhra Jyoti.

Dainik Bhaskar

Dainik Bhaskar is a Hindi -language daily newspaper of India . It was started in year 1958 from
Bhopal , the capital city of Madhya Pradesh . Its current editor is Ramesh Chandra Agrawal.

Dainik Bhaskar is published from many cities of North and Central India: Bhopal , Indore , New
Delhi , Lucknow , Nagpur , Akola , Raipur , Gwalior , Jabalpur , Jaipur , Ajmer , Jabalpur ,
Satna,Varanasi , Ahemedabad . In Gujarat , and Western Madhya Pradesh the Gujarati Version
of the newspaper is also published as Divya Bhaskar.

Dainik Bhaskar Group publishes a varied range of magazine helpful in many ways, like ‘Aha
zindgi’ a magazine based on highlighting the positive features of life. The company also runs
English newspaper DNA in partnership with Zee Group.

History

Dainik Bhaskar was first published in Bhopal and Gwalior of the central province. The
newspaper was launched in year 1956 to fulfill the need for a Hindi language daily, by the name
Subah Savere in Bhopal and Good Morning India in Gwalior . Later in year 1957, it was
renamed as Samachar Kranti, and then again in year 1958 as Bhaskar Samachar. Finally in year
1960, it was published as Dainik Bhaskar. There were only 100 prints of the newspaper on the
first day of its publication, a figure which increased by 69566 within a week and rose to over 2.5
million prints daily in 2008.

Growth Of The Industry

Rate of growth, pattern of growth, growth determinants :

The Indian Media and entertainment industry stood at Rs584 bn in 2008, a growth of 12.4% over
the previous year. Over the next five years, the industry is projected to grow at a CAGR
(compound annual growth rate) of 12.5% to reach the size of Rs1052 bn by 2013, says a FICCI
KPMG report on the sector release. The report however, highlights that the market environment
has become increasingly challenging for the sector, on the back of economic slowdown and the
consequent slowdown in advertising revenues, especially in the last quarter of 2008. Sectors like
TV, Print, Radio and Outdoor which depend on advertising revenues were largely affected and
this is estimated to continue into the current year too. Advertising spends grew at CAGR of
17.1% in the past three years. Going forward, it is expected to exhibit a robust growth rate at
CAGR of 12.4% over the next five years. Potential upsides could take this higher. Growing
acceptance of the digital TV distribution technology, entry of DTH players the success of many
small budget movies, and the rising competition in the regional market were some of the key
highlights of the previous year.
Rajesh Jain, Head Information, Communication & Entertainment, KPMG India said,
“Media companies are under pressure to change, innovate and re-examine their existing business
models. Players need to draw upon new capabilities to survive in this environment. In the
immediate future, media corporate is likely to focus more on operating margins, and assess
opportunities for consolidation, while building on core strengths.” The projected 12.5% growth
for the sector will be driven on the back of factors like favorable demographics, strong long term
fundamentals of the Indian economy, expected rise in advertising to GDP ratio compared to
developed economies and increasing media penetration. The focus of industry players too is
changing; with a strong emphasis on profitable growth in the current scenario. Hence, media
companies are increasingly concentrating on strengthening existing operations and assessing
options for growth through consolidation, while continuing to innovate. Factors like
Narrowcasting, Regionalization, Internationalization, Organized Funding, Digitization and
Deregulation have become the ‘buzzwords’ in the industry. The Indian Print Media industry is
estimated to have grown by 7.6% in 2008 and reaching around INR 172.6 billion in size. The
industry is projected to grow at a CAGR of 9% over the next five years and reach around INR
266 billion in size by 2013. Growth in the Print media industry is achievable through sustained
growth in advertisement revenues due to increased advertising spends from emerging sectors
such as Education, Organized Retail and Telecom, improving literacy levels in the country,
optimization of cover prices leading to improved penetration and growth in sales volume, more
launches in the niche segment, like newspaper supplements and specialty magazines, by players.
The industry needs to invest in quality improvements, especially in regional media to attract
advertisers; collective negotiations and bulk purchase of newsprint, constitute forums to
encourage and promote regular reading habits among youth, adopting innovative practices like
trading media space in publication platforms in return for equity and improve organizational
ability to attract and retain talent.

The structure of the Indian print media industry is highly fragmented with importance to regional
dominance. The Indian print media segment primarily comprises newspaper and magazine
publishing.
As per PwC report, the print industry is expected to grow from Rs 128 bn in 2006 to Rs 232 bn
by 2011, at 12.6% CAGR. While the newspaper industry is estimated at Rs 112 bn, the magazine
segment is valued at 16 bn.

Growth drivers

Higher literacy levels: In 2006, the literacy levels increased to 71.1% as compared to 69.9% in
2005. While rural literacy is at 64.8%, urban literacy touched 85.3%. Currently Indian print
media is estimated to reach over 220 m people, and has immense growth potential since close to
370 m literate Indians are believed to not be served by any publication. Also, the reach of
newspapers is only 27%, as compared to the global average of 50%.

Lower cover prices: Earlier, due to strong hold over a region, the newspaper had higher cover
charges. However, with increasing competition and venture into newer regions the companies
have reduced the cover prices to augment more sales. Many English dailies are sold for as low as
Re 1 or Rs 2. The initial subscription offers of ‘DNA’ and ‘Hindustan Times’ (HT) in Mumbai,
during their launch period, further reduced the cost of the newspaper to around 50 paise for an
average issue.

Higher ad spends: Print media accounts for 48% of the total Rs 137.5 bn advertising spend in the
country. However, the ad spend in India is just 0.4% of GDP as against 0.5% in China, 1.3% in
the US and a world average of nearly 1.0%. With rising consumerism and growing interest from
domestic and global brands in Indian market, the growth in ad segment is expected to be strong.
As per the registrar of newspapers, there were approximately 6,529 daily newspapers as of
March 2005. No single newspaper had a national circulation. In 2006, India had the second
largest circulation of newspapers with 88.9 m copies per day; second only to China with 98.7 m
copies a day.
Fragmented industry

The regionalism aspect is clearly visible in the newspaper sector. The print media is further
divided on the basis of the languages. Of the daily newspapers, about 46% are vernacular, 44%
are in Hindi and 10% are English. Hindi and vernacular language newspapers offer a local and
regional flavor to their readers. The content and circulation of English-language newspapers, on
the other hand, are largely focused on the primary urban centers. Approximately 7% of the
population in urban areas read English-language newspapers, compared to a readership of only
0.3% of the population in the rural areas. (Source: IRS 2005) In contrast to this, Hindi-language
newspapers have a proportionately larger readership in rural areas, in addition to their strong
presence in urban areas, with a readership of approximately 15% and 5% of persons in urban and
rural areas, respectively. The newspaper industry is regionally divided, with existing players
enjoying strong brand loyalty. For e.g. Times of India follows strong brand loyalty in Mumbai
and it was difficult for Hindustan Times to enter Mumbai.

The newspaper industry has relatively high entry barriers due to the strong brand equity of
existing players. Also, existing players have strong control over the distribution network, making
it difficult for new players to enter.

Attracting foreign investment

Most Indian print players continued to dominate the local regions and did not enter new
territories, mainly due to lack of funds. However, foreign investment regulations were relaxed in
2002. Currently, up to 26% foreign direct investment (FDI) is permitted in newspapers and
periodicals dealing with news and current affairs. In non-news publications, 100% foreign
investment is permitted. Since the changes in the regulation many foreign investors have taken
strategic stakes in the domestic print media companies.

Going forward

A booming Indian economy, literate population on the rise, increasing consumerism, entry of
global brands in the country and opening of the sector to foreign investors would drive the
growth in print media. Also, with newspaper companies entering into newer regions and
segments would lead to stronger growth.

Marketing
Market segmentation, marketing strategies, marketing practices and marketing concepts specific
to the industry.

The print media industry has low entry and exit barriers. However, there is intense competition
for market share in the industry. Many players are well established in their respective regions and
it is difficult for new players to penetrate the market. The market for print media can be
segmented based on geography, demographics and psychographics. Many players used
technology and marketing strategies to emerge as global giants. In India, the print media industry
is in the growth phase. There are a few well-established players in the industry, with each player
constantly trying to increase its market dominance. The decision of the Indian government to
allow 26% FDI in Indian print media has received mixed response from media houses. Some
players strongly opposed the move while others welcomed it. Promoting, advertising, and
marketing products or services are the most basic ways to drum up new business. But it should
come as no surprise that the vast proliferation of media seen since circa. 2000 has been wreaking
havoc with traditional approaches to marketing and promotion.

A partial list of the media available to marketers includes, but is not limited to:

 print direct mail

 print catalogs
 print advertising (magazines, newspapers)
  Web sites
 Web advertising (banners and other ads)
 e-mail direct mail/e-letters
 search engine marketing (sponsored links on Google, e.g.
 broadcast/satellite radio
 broadcast/cable/satellite TV
 billboards/posters/outdoor advertising
 point of sale/point of purchase displays
 word of mouth/so-called “viral” marketing
 computer desktop “wallpaper”
 advertising on mobile phones/other portable devices
 ring tones for mobile phones
 blog
 social networking sites (like MySpace)
 online video (like You Tube)
 in-game advertising (for videogames)
 And on and on and on…

Part of the marketing problem is that, thanks to inexpensive electronics and display technologies,
almost any surface can be a marketing vehicle. After all, consumers are awash in advertising and
marketing messages, which all intermingles to create a dense wall of background noise. The
Industry Measure has conducted extensive research into media channels and the ways in which
those channels are changing. In a recent survey of ad agencies, for example, it was found that:

 70% of ad agencies currently use print direct mail (not variable) to market and
promote their and their clients’ services or products;
 52% currently use Web advertising (banners, rich media, etc.);
 45% currently use outdoor/display advertising (signs, posters, fleet graphics); and
 45% also currently use broadcast radio.

There are certain guidelines marketers can take to ensure that their media rupees are not spent in
vain.

First, identify the target audience and think carefully about the best medium/media to reach
them. Different demographic groups (age, gender, income, even geographical location) have
different media habits. Print may not be the best way to reach certain groups, while the Internet
may not be the best way to reach certain other groups.
Second, combine media. Relying on just a print direct mail campaign may garner some new
business, but combining that with a direct e-mail blast, an outdoor advertising campaign, radio
spots, or some other combination of media will help build brand awareness.

Third, to keep the advertising message and design elements consistent across media. Using the
same logo and logo colors, the same fonts, the same tagline phrasing, the same or similar text,
etc., in all your media permutations. This helps with branding and reinforcing the message. At
the same time, the adoption of “design-once-reuse-many” strategy helps save costs on design and
lets you get more “bang for your buck.” In print media industry, newspapers and magazines are
difficult to use for direct marketing because the ads have to compete with the clutter of other ads
and because the space is relatively expensive, response rates and profits may be lower than in
other media.

INTRODUCTION

OF

THE TIMES OF INDIA

The first edition appears on November 3, 1838 known as The Bombay Times and Journal of
Commerce later to be known as “The Times of India “.The issue is published twice a week. Dr.
J.E. Brennan the first editor also Secretary of the Chamber of Commerce. Rs 30/- is the annual
subscription.
1846

The newspaper experiences proprietary changes and Dr. George Brit appointed editor.

1850

Shareholders decide to increase the share capital and the paper converted into a daily.

1855

Telegraph Services opens up in India shortly afterwards, the paper signs an agreement with
Reuters for raising news coverage and lowering subscritption rates. That old tie was renewed in
2006 with the pact between TIMESNOW and Reuters.

1861

Editor Robert Knight amalgamates The Bombay Times, Bombay Standard and Bombay
Telegraph & Courier to form The Times of India and gives it a national character.

1880

The Times of India Weekly edition launched. The Times of India weekly edition launched, to
meet the need for a weekend paper. This later came to be known as the Illustrated Weekly of
India in 1923.The Times of India Weekly edition launched.

1890

Editor Henry Curwen buys TOI in partnership with Charles Kane.

1892

Following the death of Henry Curwen, T. J. Bennett becomes the editor and enters into a
partnership with F.M. Coleman to form a joint stock company - Bennett, Colemen & Co.
Ltd. (BCCL).

1902

The paper moves in to its current office opposite CST. It started out at the Parsi Bazar and then
moved on to Churchgate where things got so bad that editor Bennett had to complete his editorial
elsewhere after the ceiling fan collapsed in his room.

1907

Editor Stanley Reed revolutionizes news production by extending the deadline to midnight. Until
then any news that came in after 5pm was held over for the next day. TOI’s first price war under
editor Stanley Reed: price cut from 4 annas to 1 anna; circulation rises 5 times.
1923

Evening News of India launched

1929

The Times Of India Illustrated Weekly renamed The Illustrated Weekly Of India

1930

The Column ‘Bombay 100 Years ago’ published