AIRCRAFT
WASHERS
AIRCRAFT WASHERS
• Aircraft washers are used in airframe to safetying the fasterners
so that they do not work loose due to vibration.
• A familiarity with the various methods and means of safetying
equipment on an aircraft is necessary in order to perform
maintenance and inspection
• Aircraft washers used in airframe are either plain, lock, or
special type washers.
TYPES
• Plain washers
– Plain washers are used under
hex nuts.
– They are used to adjust the
position of castellated nuts in
respect to drilled cotter pin
holes in bolts.
– Use plain washers under lock
washers to prevent damage to
the surface material.
TYPES
• Lock washers
• Lock washers are used with
machine screws or bolts where
the self-locking or castellated-
type nut is not appropriate.
• The spring action of the
washer provides enough
friction to prevent loosening
of the nut from vibration.
TYPES
• Lock washers should never be used under the following conditions:
– With fasteners to primary or secondary structures
– With fasteners on any part of the aircraft where failure might result in
damage or danger to the aircraft or personnel
– Where failure would permit the opening of a joint to the airflow
– Where the screw is subject to frequent removal
– Where the washers are exposed to the airflow
– Where the washers are subject to corrosive conditions
– Where the washer is against soft material without a plain washer underneath
to prevent gouging the surface
TYPES
• Shake proof lock washers
• Shake proof lock washers are round
washers designed with tabs or lips
that are bent upward across the
sides of a hex nut or bolt to lock the
nut in place.
• Shake proof lock washers can
withstand higher heat than other
methods of safetying and can be
used under high vibration
conditions safely.
• They should be used only once
because the tabs tend to break when
bent a second time.
TYPES
• Special washers
• The ball socket and seat
washers are special washers
used where a bolt is installed
at an angle to a surface, or
where perfect alignment with
a surface is required.
TYPES
• Tab washers
– Tab washers are a type of lock washer, round in shape and often
manufactured with a single tab or multiple tabs and notches that
can be formed to shape around bolts and nuts.
– These washers are ideal for use in harsh environments,
effectively locking a part into place in applications requiring
extreme heat conditions or heavy vibrations.
TYPES
• Locking tab washers
– Locking washers are often bent after assembly to stop rotation
and have replaced the use of locking pins and castle or slotted
nuts.
Metric Lock Washer For Lock Nuts DIN981 Steel
DIN5406
Metric Tab Locking Washer Steel BS5814
Metric Single Tab Terminal Washer Steel DIN93
Metric Washer with External Tab Steel DIN432
Metric Internal Tab Washer Steel DIN462
Metric Two External Tab Locking Washer Steel DIN463
Metric Internal Tab Washer Stainless-Steel-A2 DIN462
Metric Single Tab Terminal Washer Stainless-Steel-A2 DIN93
Metric Two External Tab Locking Washer Stainless-Steel-A2 DIN463
Metric Washer with External Tab Stainless-Steel-A2 DIN432
Metric Two External Tab Locking Washer Stainless-Steel-A4 DIN463
Metric Tab Bearing Locking Washer MBA
Metric Key Washer for Hook Nuts Steel
TYPES
• ANCHOR NUT
– An anchor nut is a type of self-locking nut.
– Anchor nuts are used in blind applications where access to the
other side of the structure being joined is limited.
– The upper threaded portion of the nut is deformed out of round.
– This provides the locking function as the threads of the screw or
bolt bind tightly with the nut threads.
TYPES
ANCHOR NUT cond.,
– Anchor nuts are offered in one-lug, two-lug, short-lug, corner or
right angle body configurations.
– A floating assembly version provides flexibility when installing
the bolt or screw.
THANK YOU !!!
