Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
AP Calculus AB Assignments
Unit #7--Area
Assignment #1: Definite Integration
________________Page 278: 33-41 odd; Page 291: 5, 9, 11, 15, 17, 19, 27, 29, 31; Page 305: 71, 73, 77
(Check your integrals with your calculator.)
Assignment #2: LRAM-RRAM-MRAM
________________ Handout
Assignment #3: Area Under a Curve
________________ Page 278: 13-21 odd, 23-31 odd; Page 291: 33-41 odd
Assignment #4: Area Under a Curve
________________Find the area bounded by the functions given.
1. y = x , y = 0, x = –3, x = 4 (25/2)
2. y = –x2 + 9 , y = 0, x = –4, x = 5 (24 2/3)
3. y = sin x , y = 0, x = –/2, x = (3)
4. y = x2 + 2x – 4, y = 0, x = –5, x = 3 (set up only—do not evaluate)
Assignment #5: Area Between Curves
________________Page 452: 1-7 odd, 17, 19, 21
Assignment #6: More Area Between Curves-dy
________________Page 452: 23, 25, 27, 29, 31 (set up only), 35
Assignment #7: Absolute Value
________________Handout
Assignment #8: Average Value
________________Page 291: 47–50 all
Even Answers: 48: 16/3, x = 3 ; 50: 2/, x 0.881
Assignment #9: Trapezoidal Rule
________________Page 314: 1, 7, 9, 11 (Only Use Trapezoidal Rule)
Assignment #10: Review
_____________
Test
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
Topic: Definite Integral
Goal: Evaluate definite integrals using the First Fundamental Theorem of Calculus.
Indefinite Integral: 3
0
x 2 dx
f ( x)dx F(x) + C
general antiderivative
Definite Integral: 0
3
x 2 dx
b
a
f ( x)dx There are limits of
integration: a and b. a is the lower
limit and b is the upper limit.
2
The First Fundamental
1
x 2 dx
Theorem of Calculus
If f(x) is continuous on [a, b] and
F(x) is the antiderivative of f(x), then
1
a
b
f ( x)dx = F ( x)
b
= F(b) - F(a)
0
x 2 dx
a
Note: The result is a number!!!!!!
There is no interpretation of the 2
result. YET
0
x 2 dx
3
2
x 2 dx
2
3
(6 x x 2 )dx
0
2
sin xdx
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
0
4
sec x tan xdx
0
2
5sin 2xdx
u=
du =
2 6
1 3 2 dx
x
2
2
( x 2 4)dx
1
0
xdx
0
2
cos xdx
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
2
0
x 2 x3 1dx
u=
du =
3
0
( x 3 4 x 1)dx
0
4
tan x sec 2 xdx
u=
du =
2
0
2 x( x 2 1)3 dx
u=
du =
0
cos 2 xdx
Assignment #1: Page 278: 33-41 odd; Page 291: 5, 9, 11, 15, 17, 19, 27, 29, 31; Page 305: 71, 73, 77
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
Topic: Approximate Area Under a Curve
Goal: Approximate the area under a curve using LRAM, MRAM, RRAM (Reimmann Sums).
Approximating the Area Under a Curve
Rectangular Approximation Methods LRAM: Left Rectangular Approximation Method
a b
a b
MRAM: Midpoint Rectangular Approximation RRAM: Right Rectangular Approximation Method
a b a b
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
LRAM---RRAM---MRAM
Find the area of the curve bounded by y = 3x and the x-axis from x = 0 to x = 4 using n = 4 (note: this
denotes the number of rectangles.)
0 4
0 4
0 4
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
Find the area of the curve bounded by
y = x3 + 3 and the x-axis from x = –2 to x = 2 using n = 4.
LRAM
RRAM
MRAM
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
Use the table below to approximate the area under the curve using 3 equal intervals and LRAM, RRAM,
and MRAM.
x y
0 4
1 2
2 2
3 4
4 8
5 14
6 22
Assignment #2: Handout
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
LRAM, RRAM, MRAM—Reimman Sums
For the following functions, graph each function over the given interval. Find the approximate area bounded
by each equation and the x-axis using a)LRAM, b) RRAM, and c) MRAM with four subintervals of equal
length. For each, make a sketch of the rectangles associated with each method. Then, evaluate the definite
integral of the function for the given interval.
1. f ( x ) x 1, 0, 2
2
2. f ( x) 2 x, 0,1
3. f ( x ) sin x, ,
4. You and your companion are about to drive a twisty stretch of dirt road in a car whose speedometer
works but whose odometer is broken. To find out how long this particular stretch of road is, you record the
car’s velocity at 10-sec intervals, with the results in the table below. Estimate the length of the road using
three intervals of equal length (a) using left-endpoint values, (b) using right-endpoint values, and (c) using
midpoint values.
Time (sec) Velocity (converted to
ft/sec)
0 0
10 44
20 15
30 35
40 30
50 44
60 35
Page 279: 45 and 46
Answers
1. 3/2, 5/2, 2
2. 3/4, 5/4, 1
3. , , 2
4. 900, 1900, 2460
46: (a) 64, (b) 236, (c) 136
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
Topic: Area (Not Negative)
Goal: To find the area under a curve using definite integrals.
The area under a curve is Find the area bounded by y = x2 and the x-axis (y = 0) between x = 0
defined to be the integral and x = 1.
below:
b
(upper -lower) dx
a
Note: Need an accurate
drawing of the function and
be able to identify the
bounded region.
Set up an integral to find the area under the curve
3 Set up an integral to find the area under the curve
of f(x) = , for –1 < x < 1.
x2 of y = 3 – x , for –3 < x < 3.
Find the area bounded by x-axis (y = 0) and y = 6 - x - x2.
Assignment #3: Hwk: Page 278: 13-21 odd, 23-31 odd and Page 291: 33-41 odd
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
Topic: Area (Negative)
Goal: To find the area under a curve using definite integrals.
The area under a curve is Area bounded by y = sin x and the x-axis on the interval [0, ].
defined to be the integral
below:
b
(upper -lower) dx
a
Note: Need an accurate
drawing of the function and
be able to identify the
bounded region.
What if I wanted the area on the interval from [0, 2]?
Set up an integral to find the area bounded by the function f(x) and the x-axis shown below. Then find the
area.
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
Find the area bounded by the graph of y = x3–4x and the x-axis.
Find the area bounded by the graph of y = x2 – 3 and the x-axis, from x = –2 to x = 4.
Assignment #4: See Assignment Sheet.
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
Topic: Area Between Two Curves
Goal: Find the area bounded by two curves.
The area under a curve is Find the area bounded by the graphs of y = 5, y = x2 – 4.
defined to be the integral
below:
b
(upper -lower) dx
a
Note: Need an accurate
drawing of the function and
be able to identify the
bounded region.
Find the points of intersection
of the graphs.
Area enclosed by y = 2 – x2, and y = –x.
Area bounded by y = x + 6, y = x2, x = 0, and x = 2.
Assignment #5: Page 452: 1 – 7 odd, 17, 19, 21
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
Topic: Area Between Two Curves
Goal: Find the area bounded by two curves.
The area under a curve is Area bounded on right by y = x – 2 on the left by x = y2 and below by
defined to be the integral the x-axis.
below:
d
(right -left) dy
c
Note: Need an accurate
drawing of the function and
be able to identify the
bounded region.
Find the points of intersection
of the graphs.
Find the area bounded by x = 4 – y2 and the y-axis.
Find the area bounded by x = 10 – y2 and the line x = 1.
Assignment #6: Page 452: 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 35
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
Extra Practice if Needed
Area Worksheet
Find the region bounded by the graphs in each problem.
1. y = x2 – 2x and y = x Answer: 9/2
2. y = x2 and y = –x2 + 4x Answer: 8/3
3. y = 7 – 2x2 and y = x2 + 4 Answer: 4
4. the x–axis, y = –x2 – 2x, between x = –3 and x = 2 Answer: 28/3
5. the x–axis, y = 3x2 – 3, between x = –2 and x = 2 Answer: 12
6. the x–axis, y = x3 – 3x2 + 2x, 0 < x < 2 Answer: 1/2
7. the x–axis, y = x3 – 4x, –2 < x < 2 Answer: 8
8. y = 1, y = cos2x, 0 < x < Answer: /2
9. x = y3 and x = y2 Answer: 1/12
10. x = 2y2 – 2y and x = 12y2 – 12y3 Answer: set up-only or (1765)/(1296)
11. y = 2x2 and y = x4 – 2x2 Answer: 128/15
12. y = x2 and y = –2x4 , –1 < x < 1 Answer: 22/15
13. on the left by y = x, below by y = x2/4, above by y = 1 Answer: 5/6
14. y = x2, x + y = 2 , and the x–axis Answer: 5/6
15. y = 2x – x2, y = –3 Answer: 32/3
16. y = 2sinx and y = sin 2x, 0 < x < Answer: 4
17. y = sec2x y = tan2x, x = –/4, and x = /4 Answer: /2
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
Topic: Absolute Value
Goal: Evaluate integrals with absolute values.
An accurate graph will make 5
it a lot easier to setup and
Evaluate 1
x dx
evaluate the integrals needed.
2
0
2 x 3 dx
3
2
3 x dx
5
3
x 2 4 dx
Assignment #7: Absolute Value Handout
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
Absolute Value Integration
2 3
1
1. 2
x dx 2. x dx
1
3. x 2 dx
2
4 5 6
4. x 1 dx
0
5. x 2 dx 6. x 3 dx
5
2
5 1 3
2 x 1 dx 1 x dx x 1 dx
2
7. 8. 9.
3 1 3
1. 5/2 2. 5/2 3. 17/2
4. 5 5. 9/2 6. 73/2
7. 65/2 8. 1 9. 44/3
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
Topic: Average Value
Goal: Find the average value over an interval.
If f is integrable on the closed Find the average value of f(x) = 3x2 –2x on the interval [1, 4].
interval [a, b], then the
average value of f on the
interval is
1 b
b a a
f ( x )dx
Find the average value of f(x) = cos x on the interval [0, /2].
Assignment #8: Page 291: 47-50 all
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
Topic: Trapezoidal Rule
Goal: Approximate the area under a curve using the trapezoidal rule.
Formula for the area of a
1
trapezoid is: A = h(b1+b2).
2
Use the trapezoid rule with four trapezoids to approximate the area under each curve.
4
0
x 2 1dx
x y
x 1 4 6 10 15
f(x) 5 12 15 20 22
Assignment #9: Page 314: 1, 7, 9, 11 (Only Use Trapezoidal Rule)
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
Unit #7 Review
Find the total area of the region with the given boundaries. Include a graph for each problem and SHADE
the appropriate region. Show all work—every step.
1. Find the area bounded by the graphs of y = x2 and y = x .
1
2. Find the area bounded by the graphs of y = x, y = 2 , and x = 2.
x
3. Find the area bounded by the graphs of x = y2 + y and x = y3. Set up Only
5
4. Find the area bounded by the graphs of x = sin y and x = cos y, y = , and y = .
4 4
8
3x 1 dx if n = 4 using:
3
5. Approximate
0
LRAM: RRAM: MRAM: TRAP:
Evaluate the following integrals
2 5
6.
4
x 2 4 dx 7. 2 x 1 dx
2
/3 5 / 6
8.
0
cos 2 xdx 9. 0
sin 2 xdx
Graph the function. Find its average value over the given interval. At what point or points in the given
interval does the function assume its average value?
10. f x 2 x on 0, 6
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
Answers
Find the total area of the region with the given boundaries. Include a graph for each problem and SHADE
the appropriate region. Show all work—every step.
1. Find the area bounded by the graphs of y = x2 and y = x.
1 1
2 3 x3 1
x x dx x 2
2
0
3 3 0 3
1
2. Find the area bounded by the graphs of y = x, y = , and x = 2.
x2
2 2
1 x2 1
1 x 2
x dx
2 x1
1
3. Find the area bounded by the graphs of x = y2 + y and x = y3.
Points of intersection: y 2 y y 3 y 3 y 2 y 0
1 5
y ( y 2 y 1) 0 y 0 and y
2
1 5
0 2
y 3 ( y 2 y ) dy ( y 2 y ) y 3dy
1 5 0
2
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
5
4. Find the area bounded by the graphs of x = sin y and x = cos y, y = , and y = .
4 4
3
Points of intersection: sin y cos y ,
4 4
3
4 4
5
sin y cos ydy cos y sin ydy
3
4 4
3
cos y sin y 4
5 sin y cos y 4
3 3 2
4 4
3x 1 dx if n = 4 using:
3
5. Approximate
0
LRAM: 2[1 + 25 + 193 + 649] = 1736 x y
0 1
RRAM: 2[25 + 193 + 649 + 1537] = 4808 2 25
4 193
6 649
8 1537
MRAM: 2[4 + 82 + 376 + 1030] = 2984
x y
1 4
3 82
5 376
7 1030
TRAP: (1/2)2[1 + 2(25) + 2(193) + 2(649) + 1537] = 3272
Unit #7: Area AP Calculus AB
Evaluate the following integrals
2
x 4 dx
2
6.
4
2 2
x 4dx x 2 4dx
2
4 2
2 2
x3 x3 64
4x 4x
3 4
3 2
3
7. 2 x 1 dx
2
1
2 5
2 x 1dx 2 x 1dx
2 1
2
1/ 2 5 53
x2 x x2 x
2 12 2
/3 /3
x sin 2 x 3
8.
0
cos 2 xdx
2
4 0
6 8
5 / 6 5 / 6
x sin 2 x 5 3
9. 0
sin 2 xdx
2
4 0
12 8
Graph the function. Find its average value over the given interval. At what point or points in the given
interval does the function assume its average value?
10. f x 2 x on 0, 6 6 1 6
3
1 1 3
12 2
6 0
(2 x ) 2
dx 2 x 2
18 0 18
3
12 2 123 1 123
2x 2x 2 x 2
18 18 2 18
