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TUT2

1. A cable company providing internet access to 5000 houses over coaxial cable allocates 100 Mbps downstream bandwidth to each house. To guarantee at least 2 Mbps to each house, the cable company would need to allocate enough total bandwidth to support 5000 houses each receiving 2 Mbps simultaneously. 2. Calculating the utilization of a communication channel using stop-and-wait protocol, given packet size, transmission rate, distance, signal speed, ACK packet size, the effective throughput is less than the transmission rate due to overhead of ACK packets. The utilization can be improved by using smaller packets or ACK packets. 3. A 1 Mbps link shared between 40 users, each requiring 50 Kbps 20% of the

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Yogesh Israni ASET, Noida
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171 views

TUT2

1. A cable company providing internet access to 5000 houses over coaxial cable allocates 100 Mbps downstream bandwidth to each house. To guarantee at least 2 Mbps to each house, the cable company would need to allocate enough total bandwidth to support 5000 houses each receiving 2 Mbps simultaneously. 2. Calculating the utilization of a communication channel using stop-and-wait protocol, given packet size, transmission rate, distance, signal speed, ACK packet size, the effective throughput is less than the transmission rate due to overhead of ACK packets. The utilization can be improved by using smaller packets or ACK packets. 3. A 1 Mbps link shared between 40 users, each requiring 50 Kbps 20% of the

Uploaded by

Yogesh Israni ASET, Noida
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AMITY SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

COMPUTER COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS (ECE - 635)


TUTORIAL NO. – 2(Physical layer)

1. At the low end, the telephone system is star shaped, with all the local
loops in a neighborhood converging on an end office. In contrast,
cable television consists of a single long cable snaking its way past all
the houses in the same neighborhood. Suppose that a future TV cable
were 10 Gbps fiber instead of copper. Could it be used to simulate the
telephone model of everybody having their own private line to the end
office? If so, how many one-telephone houses could be hooked up to a
single fiber?
2. A cable company decides to provide Internet access over cable in a
neighborhood consisting of 5000 houses. The company uses a coaxial
cable and spectrum allocation allowing 100 Mbps downstream
bandwidth to each house at any time. To attract customers, the
company decides to guarantee at least 2 Mbps downstream bandwidth
to each house at any time. Describe what the cable company needs to
do to provide this guarantee.
3. Calculate the utilization of the channel when communicating parties
are using stop-and-wait protocol if the following parameters are
known:
 packet size: 8000 bits
 transmission rate: 1 Gbps
 distance between the two parties: 3000 km
 the signal speed: 200 000 km/s
 ACK packets: 16 bits
 What is the effective throughput? How to improve the
utilization?
4. Calculate the maximum number of users that D- AMPS can support
within a single cell. Do the same calculation for GSM. Explain the
difference.
5. Differentiate between bit rate and baud- rate. A modem constellation
diagram has data point at coordinate: (1, 1), (1,-1), (-1, 1) and (-1,-1).
How many bps can modem with these parameters achieve at 1200
baud rate?
6. In a certain communication channel, the signal power is 100W and the
noise power is 10W. In order to send information at the rate of 10
Kbps, what is required bandwidth?
7. Explain what trade-offs are there between circuit-switched and
packet-switched networks. Give an example for each type of network.
8. What are the reasons for using the layered protocols?
9. Suppose users share a 1Mbps link. Also suppose each user requires
50Kbps when transmitting, but each user transmits only 20 percent of
the time.
 Suppose there are 40 users. Find the probability that at any given
time, exactly n users are transmitting simultaneously
 Suppose that the simultaneously transmitting users cannot use the
same frequency band (a centered station will assign orthogonal
frequency bands to the active users), what is the probability that
the 1Mbps link cannot support the simultaneously transmitting
users?
10.Answer the following:
 List 6 media types in order of increasing bandwidth (list the
bandwidth as well)
 What media is least suited for bus geography? What media is
typically used for RJ45 cable (10Base-T)?
 What is the limiting factor in achieving high data rates on fiber?
(Or why does single mode fiber have the potential to support a
higher data rate than multimode fiber?)
 Comment on the different features of satellite and fiber.
11.A server sends 512 Mb of data to a client over a 1 Mbps link. The
server sends the data in packets of 8 Mb and after sending a packet
waits to receive an acknowledgement packet of 8 bytes from the client
before sending the next packet. If it takes 10 minutes to complete the
transfer of data, determine the latency of the link.

12.A telephone line with a bandwidth of 100 kHz is known to have a loss
of 20 dB. The input signal power is measured as 0.5 watt, and the
output signal noise level is measured as 2.5 microwatt. Using this
information, calculate the output signal-to-noise ratio.

13.A transmitter-receiver pair is connected across a coaxial cable. The


signal power measured at the receiver is 0.1 watt. Signal levels change
1000 times per second. Noise energy is 0.05 micro Joules for every 1
millisecond. If EbINo = 10 dB is desired, determine how many levels
must be accommodated in the signal to encode the bits. What would
be the bit rate?
14.The 66 low-orbit satellites in the Iridium project are divided into six
necklaces around the earth. At the altitude they are using, the period is
90 minutes. What is the average interval for handoffs for a stationary
transmitter?
15.Given a 100-watt power source, what is the maximum allowable
length for the following transmission media if a signal of 1 watt is to
be received?
 22-gauge twisted pair operating at 300 kHz
 22-gauge twisted pair operating at 1 MHz
 0.375-inch coaxial cable operating at 1 MHz
 0.375-inch coaxial cable operating at 25 MHz
 Optical fibre operating at its optimal frequency

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