THE STUDY OF THE PROFILE OF LOCK INDUSTRY

(With reference of the firms in the Industry)

Bachelor in Business Administration 2019-20

Under the Guidance of: Submitted By:

Mohd. Asif Khan Radhey Gupta
Registrar Roll No. 1701955071047
G.C.M.T

Gagan College of Management and Technology

Affiliated to Dr. B.R. Ambedkar University, Agra
93, Agra Rd, Nai Basti, ADA Bank Colony, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202001

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 Writing of Minor Project Report

 Student Declaration
 Certificate from the Guide
 Acknowledgements
 Executive Summary
 List of

Table Of Contents

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 Student Declaration

This is to certify that I have completed the Minor project titled “ The study of the
profile of lock industry) under the guidance of “ Mohd. Asif khan” in partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Degree of Bachelor of Business
Administration at Gagan College Of Management and Technology of Management
studies, Aligarh. This is an original piece of work and I have not submitted it
earlier elsewhere.

Date- Signature-
Name- Radhey Gupta
Enrollment no-1701955071047

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Acknowledgement

I am thankful to Mrs. Shashi Bala Sharma (President) and Dr. Anshu Saxena
(Principal) Gagan College of Management & Technology, Aligarh. This project
would never have seen the right way without the help guidance that I have
received.

I would like to express my unfeigned appreciation to Mr. Girish Sharma (Dean of

GCMT), Mohd.Asif khan (Registrar of GCMT and H.O.D), department of
Business Administration and all the teacher for their great cooperation to complete
my summer project. I also common with the holy name of God benevolent and
beneficial, who enables me to complete work.

Finally, I am thankful of my parents and Friends for their encouragement.

Radhey Gupta
BBA IV semester

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Certificate of Guide

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Introduction
A lock is a mechanical or electronic fastening device that is released by a physical
object (such as a key, keycard, fingerprint, RFID card, security token, coin etc.), by
supplying secret information (such as a number or letter permutation or password),
or by a combination thereof.

A key is a device that is used to operate a lock (such as to lock or unlock it). A

typical key is a small piece of metal consisting of two parts: the bit or blade, which
slides into the keyway of the lock and distinguishes between different keys, and
the bow, which is left protruding so that torque can be applied by the user. A key is
usually intended to operate one specific lock or a small number of locks that are
keyed alike, so each lock requires a unique key. The key serves as a security
token for access to the locked area; only persons having the correct key can open
the lock and gain access. Common metals include brass, plated brass, nickel silver,
and steel.

History of locks and keys

The earliest known lock and key device was discovered in the ruins of Nineveh,
the capital of ancient Assyria. Locks such as this were later developed into
the Egyptian wooden pin lock, which consisted of a bolt, door fixture, and key.
When the key was inserted, pins within the fixture were lifted out of drilled holes
within the bolt, allowing it to move. When the key was removed, the pins fell part-
way into the bolt, preventing movement.

The warded lock was also present from antiquity and remains the most
recognizable lock and key design in the Western world. The first all-metal locks
appeared between the years 870 and 900, and are attributed to the English

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craftsmen. It is also said that the key was invented by Theodorus of Samos in the
6th century BC.

Affluent Romans often kept their valuables in secure locked boxes within their
households, and wore the keys as rings on their fingers. The practice had two
benefits: It kept the key handy at all times, while signaling that the wearer was
wealthy and important enough to have money and jewelry worth securing.

With the onset of the Industrial Revolution in the late 18th century and the
concomitant development of precision engineering and component standardization,
locks and keys were manufactured with increasing complexity and sophistication.

The lever tumbler lock, which uses a set of levers to prevent the bolt from moving
in the lock, was perfected by Robert Barron in 1778. His double acting lever lock
required the lever to be lifted to a certain height by having a slot cut in the lever, so
lifting the lever too far was as bad as not lifting the lever far enough. This type of
lock is still currently used today.

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General background of Lock Industry of Aligarh

 Historical background of Aligarh

The present district of Aligarh, year 2001 (in the state of Uttar Pradesh) is situated
in the middle portion of Doab, or the land between the Ganga and Yamuna rivers.
The principle town in the Aligarh district for the last many centuries has been its
headquarters, Aligarh, 126 KM south east of Delhi. It is known till the 18th century
by the earlier name of Kol. After the British occupation of Aligarh in September
1803, the present Aligarh district was formed in 1804.

 History of Lock Industry in Aligarh

There are different interpretations regarding the origin of the lock industry in
Aligarh. Jain provided one interpretation regarding its origin, whereas, Nevill
provided a different interpretation as follows.

The History of lock manufacturing in Aligarh is interesting. Almost 125 years ago,
in 1870, a gentleman from England established a firm Johnson and Company to
import locks from England for sale in Aligarh. In 1890, Johnson and Company
started the normal production of locks on a small scale by cutting the sheets and
manufacturing it with the process of molding. Besides England, the locks made of
sheet metal began to be imported from Germany for its sale in Aligarh. In 1930,
Johnson and Company and some small scale units started manufacturing locks
from sheet metal by duplicating German locks. These locks, which were
manufactured in Aligarh, are known as Aligarh locks. In 1950, Surendra Kumar an
advocate by profession and the son of a barrister started manufacturing locks in a
very systematic way by importing machines and techniques and even foreign
engineers. However, this globally famous lock manufacturing unit has closed down
due to family dispute. In 1975 when the company collapsed, the engineer,

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contractors, mechanics, laborers employed in this large concern setup their own
small scale lock units. And now Aligarh turns to the biggest lock-manufacturing
hub of India.

It is true that from 1950 - 1975, many Muslims made significant contributions in
manufacturing of locks from share metals with the help of machines. Prominent
among these were Jemco and Rose lock brands, which became very popular in
those days. Around 1970, Aligarh manufacturers stepped into the fields of
manufacturing locks for scooters and motors.

There are numerous lock works in the city, as many as 27 being in existence in
1907, and others are to be founded at Iglas, Hathras and elsewhere in the district.
Two firms at Aligarh employ over two hundred hands, and one is a joint stock
company, Known as the pioneer lock works and general Metal Foundry, started
several yearsago by Messers Johnson and Company; while the other is known as
the sparking lock works. The locks are of a high quality, and are imported in very
large numbers to all parts of India. Other well known firms are those of Nabi
Bakhsh and karam Ilahi and of Hafiz Inayatullah and Abdullah. The output at
Aligarh is estimated at about 500,000 locks per annum valued at Rs. 2,76,000.
Iglas works produced locks to the value of Rs. 30,000 (Nevill 1926: 61-62).
However, a real impetus to the development of the lock industry in Aligarh city
came in 1926 when the Government of the country established a metal workshop
to train artisans in lock making. Soon many artisans began manufacturing locks
and its components at their homes with the help of their family members including
children. Many families living in the adjoining villages of Aligarh city also took up
this work out of their economic compulsions of insufficient income from
agriculture. With this the lock industry spread to surrounding villages too. A
majority of lock makers at that time were Muslims. With the partition of the

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country in 1947, most of Muslim master craftsmen are artisans migrated to
Pakistan leaving a void and creating a slump in the lock industry. However, this
situation did not continue for long. The Punjabi Hindus migrated from Pakistan to
Aligarh soon realized the potential of this industry and started producing locks
with the help of locally available skilled labour. The social composition of lock
makers changed but production of locks on mass scale was resumed. The
Government also helped the industry by offering various incentives. The industry
emerged as the most important industry of the town offering employment to a large
number of people and producing lock worth crores of rupees. Today locks of
different types are made in Aligarh, sent to different areas in the country and
exported to many countries of the world.

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Work Process
The lock industry in Aligarh city mainly comes under small scale and cottage
sectors. A large part of it comprises household units and workshops. They are
largely unorganised and unregistered. There are some relatively big and semi
unorganised units too but their number is very small. The location pattern of this
industry is such that while the big units are located in the industrial Estate and on
the outskirts of the city the smaller units are scattered all over the city. There is
lower, a large concentration of smaller units in selected mohallas. In these units,
the various processes of lock making are carried out mostly by manual method.
They also employ bulk of the child labour force.

Locks are made in Aligarh both by traditional method and modern methods. The
traditional method is mostly used in making heavy locks of brass and iron. Under
this method the lock maker designs a lock and obtains an order from the trader.
The trader while placing order also advances some amount or a loan to the lock
maker to buy essential raw materials and components. The lock-maker then gives
the raw material to moulder along with a model. Moulder castes all the pieces as
per specification and returns them to the lock maker who then files them. The lock-
maker then assembles locks with the help of other essential components like the U-
shaped bar, springs, keys etc. bought from the market and delivers them to the
trades. The traders get the locks finally polished and engraved with his brand name
before marketing them.

The smaller locks are made in factories with modern method of production. Power
presses are used for cutting, bending, making grooves, smoothing and piercing
holes in locks and keys. The rusted components of locks are polished on buffing

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machines or given dhol or drum polishing. Generally the parts of locks that are
visible and require electroplating are first polished on buffing machine and the
parts which are visible given dhol or drum polishing. In case visible parts are not
electroplated, they are spray painted.

The different processes of lock-making are carried out in different units. Generally,
cutting bending and grooves making works are done in relatively big units with the
help of power presses and the processes like buffing, electroplating, spray painting,
assembling etc. are carried out in small workshop and household units. Different
units specialize in different works. Factories often get the parts manufactured
outside on contract basis. The contractors get the works done with the help of sub-
contractors.

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Types Of locks

 5 Lever lock
 Bicycle lock
 Cam lock
 Child safety lock
 Combination lock
 Cruciform (or Zeiss) lock
 Cylinder lock
 Deadbolt
 Disc tumbler lock
 Electronic lock
 Electric strike
 Magnetic lock
 Keycard lock
 Lever tumbler lock
 Chubb detector lock
 Protector lock
 Magnetic keyed lock
 Pad lock
 Pin tumbler lock
 Rim lock
 Tubular pin tumbler lock
 Time lock
 Turner lock
 Wafer tumbler lock

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  Warded lock

Firms Contributing in the Lock Industries

There are many firms contributing in the lock industry and the entrepreneurs had
taken interest in the lock industry as they thought that they had a scope of
profitability and success in this industry.

An entrepreneur, defined as a responsibility of one person generally to perform all

functions in the operation of a business whether on large scale or on small. They
invest capital to establish their own firm or business while assuming all risks,
profits and losses and if they apply for registration then take responsibility to pay
taxes to the government out of profit.

The firms which have contributed in the lock industry or are still contributing are

1. Godrej Locks

2. Dorset

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15
3. CP Plus

4. Harrison

5. Jainson

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  Godrej (Locking Solutions and system )

The Godrej Group is an Indian conglomerate headquartered in Mumbai,

Maharashtra, India, managed and largely owned by the Godrej family. It was
founded by Ardeshir Godrej and Pirojsha Burjorji Godrej in 1897, and operates in
sectors as diverse as real estate, consumer products, industrial engineering,
appliances, furniture, security and agricultural products.[4] Subsidiaries and
affiliated companies include Godrej Industries and its subsidiaries Godrej
Consumer Products, Godrej Agrovet, and Godrej Properties, as well as the private
holding company Godrej & Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd.

The Godrej group can be broadly divided into two major holding companies,
working independently:

1. Godrej Industries Ltd

2. Godrej & Boyce

Godrej And Boyce

Godrej and Boyce, a Godrej Group Company, has a presence across 14 diverse
businesses. Its journey began in 1897 with the manufacture of high quality locks,
then extending to other durables (refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners,
home security systems and safes, furniture), products for institutions (office
furniture, audio-visual solutions, access control systems, perimeter security

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solutions, bank security solutions, beverage vending machines, interior solutions,
hospital and laboratory furniture) and industrial products (process equipment,
materials handling equipment, industrial storage solutions, tooling, precision
equipment).[citation needed]

Headquartered in Pirojshanagar at Vikhroli, Mumbai, Godrej and Boyce operates

across all major global markets such as Europe, U.S., Middle East, Africa and
South East Asia. Mr. Jamshyd Godrej is the company’s Chairman and Managing
Director.

The Godrej story began in 1897 with the manufacture of Locks. Since then, Godrej
Locking Solutions & Systems has set several benchmarks in the locks industry –
from the first spring-less lock in 1907 to the iconic 'NavTal' in 1954 to the Ultra
range in 1995 to the revolutionary 3KS in 2007. From a state-of-the-art
manufacturing facility in a suburb of Mumbai, Godrej Locking Solutions &
Systems provides locking solutions that reach homes, offices, industries and the
hearts of millions of people in India and around the world for whom ‘locks’ means
Godrej.

A symbol of trust and security for 118 years, we are proud that the lock on almost
every Indian home’s front door is ours. It goes to show how our customers have
placed their trust and confidence in us. Since the first lock was manufactured in
1897, it has been our endeavor to constantly evolve and design products and
services that exceed the expectations of individual and institutional customers.
Over the years, our locks have changed in form, function and scope of
application, but one thing remains constant – the solid stamp of trust and
reliability. We adhere to global quality norms and hold ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and
OHSAS 18001 certifications.

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The locks are now reaching several countries around the world, the brand has
come a long way in delivering world class locking solutions. Their continuous
thrust on innovation, research and on-time delivery ensures that there customers
keep coming back for more.

Products in the Marketing mix of Godrej

Godrej is a multi-dimensional company that deals in various sectors as diverse as

agricultural products, security systems, furniture, appliances, consumer products,
real estate and industrial engineering. Under its appliances category it deals with
items like microwave oven ranges, washing machines, refrigerators, air
conditioners etc.

The company has carved out a special name for itself because of its security
systems and safes. In the year 1897, it introduced the first lock in India that was
built with the lever technology and later in 1920, became the introducer of the first
safe in India.

Locking solutions include the following locks(products):

Mortise lock handles Electronic locks Rim locks

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Pad Locks Nav-Tal 5 Lever lock Sherlock 40 mm

MyLock Candy Round Padlock 5 lever

Nav-Tal 6 Nav-Tal Dual Access

Levers - 7 Levers Padlock

Center Shutter Lock

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Duralock

Imara
Ultra Sherlock

Keyless lock
3KS Herculoc Plus

Keyed Lock

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Place in the Marketing mix of Godrej
Godrej has set up an effective distribution channel to maximize the sales of its
products. The focus is also on the easy availability of the products to the
consumers. The distribution network is very widely spread to reach both the urban
and rural markets quite easily. Its sales team comprises of at least two hundred and
fifty staff members spread all over the country in different places. The Godrej
group has established a direct link with all its main Indian distributors through an
innovative scheme called Sampark. It has an efficient system that collaborates all
the information and deals with planning, forecasting and implementation of ideas.

The company also follows the policy of distributing goods through an effective and
consistent channel consisting of wholesalers, retailers, outlets and consumers. It
has nearly 1,247 distributers with one hundred and forty two agents acting as super
stockists. In order to provide ample support to the sales team the company also
employs 3,175 sub stockists. Nearly all this distributors and stockists are involved
in the enabling of efficient and prompt marketing of the products to help
650,000retailers in India. The goods are available in retail shops, high profile
showrooms, malls and even internet. Godrej also has an official website where
goods are easily purchased. It also has tie-ups with other shopping sites that result
in quick sales.

Price in the Marketing mix of Godrej

Adequate pricing strategies are must for a company because it results in sales and
ultimately are helpful in generating profits. In order to survive in this cut throat
industry Godrej has decided to keep its pricing policy competitive and individual.

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It has maintained a strategy of good pricing that helps in market penetration,
creating and maintaining the demands in the market and creating monopolies for
some of its items. It also paves the way for retaining its existing customers and
maintaining a good grip on the market economy. Godrej believes in value added
pricing system and therefore uses the pricing strategies to maintain its hold on the
consumers. It has adopted its pricing policies according to its products as well as
the target audience.

Promotion in the Marketing mix of Godrej

Godrej has gone for an all-out promotional strategy that is well planned and is
executed at the highest level in order to communicate with the consumers.
Advertising is a very efficient tool in the Indian market and Godrej has roped in
some of the most famous celebrities to become its brand ambassadors. Film stars
like Aamir Khan, Hrithik Roshan, Preity Zinta and captain of Indian cricket team
Mahendra Singh Dhoni are some of its well-known faces. Advertisements are
shown in the print media like the magazines, newspapers and billboards. The most
important medium for the advertisements is the television and internet. The catchy
tunes, smart one-liners and celebrities are a winsome collection in the Indian
market for promoting a product successfully.

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Human Resource Of Godrej

The work culture in Godrej supports learning at every stage of one’swork life.
Opportunities in learning are available in the technical, functional, behavioural,
general management and leadership areasthrough options like EDPs (Executive
Development Programmes), MDPs(Management Development Programmes), E-
learning and On The Jobexposure to International Practices

Management:

Different levels of management are as follows:

A -Base level of management (In this level, new-entrants are trained for basic
aspects of the know- how of the department)
O -Operation

P -Promotion of product

T -Technical

S -Sales

E -This level consists of owners and M.D.

Each of this level consists of three sub-sections, through which each employee has
to pass to reach a higher level. An employee, before moving into the next level, he
has to be in each sub section for at least two years.

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Planning

HRP is understood as the process of forecasting an organization’s future demand

for, and supply of, the right type of people in the right number. It is only after this
that the HRM department can initiate the recruitment and selection process. HRP is
a sub-system in the total organization planning. Organizational planning includes
managerial activities that set the company’s objectives for the future and
determines the appropriate means for achieving those objectives. .an integrated
part of strategic management HRP is variously called strategic manpower
planning, or for employment planning.

PLANNING IN GODREJ

The costs of Human Resource planning are kept minimal as eachplant/ profit
centre has its own Personal Department whichprovides all the respective plant’s
requirements. Each personal department comprises of four members.

The short term planning is conducted by each plant’s personal department with
The

Long term planning is performed by superiors of eachdepartment in accordance

with company’s interests andobjectives.

The internal detailed planning is planned by each team separately.

In this way, it is lesser time consuming, energy, economic and alsoeffective. The
decisions are agreed upon by most of the teammembers so they are more focused,

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clear, satisfied that eventhey have a say in the working and meeting the targets
seteach team’s respective heads.

Recruitment:

Recruitment is understood as the process ofsearching for and obtaining applicants

for jobs, from among whomthe right people can be selected. Theoretically,
recruitmentprocess is said to end with the receipt of applications, in practicethe
activity extends to the screening of applications so as toeliminate those who are not
qualified for the job.

In Godrej, The requirement of work force arises when a post gets vacant
thathappens due to promotion and/or when an employee leaves theorganization.

There are vacancies all round the year

In case it doesn’t have availability of human resources to meet therequirement,

then it contacts and takes help from the mother pool andin this way requirement is
met. Mother pool is a database system whereall resume’s and work force is
directed to the requirement. In thisprocedure, semi-skilled employees can also
be employed. Incase ofspecializations, outside advertisement and help is sought
for.

Then it is announced through websites of Godrej to all of itsbranch offices

regarding the vacancy, designation, work expectedout of them, minimum
requirements of applying, etc.

•An outside applicant can also apply for the post.

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• Employees in the other branches can also apply for change ofplace or kind of
work. E.g. an employee working in Ahmadabadbranch as an accounts executive
can apply in Mumbai branch forany post in only the next level, including he has
capabilities

Also there is campus recruitment. Their campus recruitment programme is geared

towards nurturing young talent and helps them make a smooth transition from B-
schools and colleges to the workplace.

Through the empowered internship programme as also therobust induction which i
nvolves stimulating assignments and myriadprojects across functions and
businesses they provide challenging and fulfilling career options to their young
leaders.

After recruitment, selection is concerned with picking the right candidates froma
pool of applicants. In most cases employees currently working with Godrej
aregiven more preference if they are qualified and fulfill therequirements needed
for the post. Incase of specialized services,outside sources are sought for. Then all
of them are interviewed and the appropriate one is chosen. The other resumes are
preserved for future reference and support. The management prefers selecting an
internal employee for any vacancy. E.g. mostly, subordinates working with the
deputy are preferred in case of vacancy of a deputy manager.

Various orientation programmes are carried out in GODREJ toprovide better

introduction of new employees to their workingenvironment. Some of them are as
follows:

 GALLOP :

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The Godrej Accelerated Learning, Leadership andOrientation programme is a one
year programme that will makepeople’s transition from B-school to the work place
an excitingand fulfilling experience. At Godrej they believe that the firstfew years
are crucial to future success. On-the-job-training isvery important for any
newcomer but they need more than justthe basics to succeed.

GALLOP is a holistic programme that looksat all the spheres of development,

from on the job learning totraining and from orientation to leadership. The
programme isdesigned to give a person the best possible start to a great,galloping
career.Every GALLOPer is assigned a mentor. The mentor is normally a senior.

 ACE (Accelerated Careers for Executives):

ACE is a one-year induction programme for executives, which provide them

with a holistic view of functioning of company, cross functional projects and
Cross company and SBU projects within the Godrej group.

For example: This is a typical career progression path of a Fresh Engineer, just
out of college. Traditionally, it takes almost five years for an engineer to
become a manager. Whereas through ACE, an engineer is empowered to
become a manager in just three to four years.

This is how a fresh engineer can achieve the managerial status through ACE.

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Financial Status Of Godrej

Godrej locks and solutions is an private business unit in the Godrej and Boyce mfg.
co. pvt. Ltd.; which contributes a lot in the lock industry.

Godrej Locking Solutions and Systems, part of Godrej & Boyce, is eyeing Rs
1000 crore revenue by FY22, betting on premiumisation and its entry into new
categories, especially kitchen fittings.

This year, the company aims to clock a revenue of Rs 720-750 crore from over Rs
600 crore in FY 18. The company, which contributes 7 per cent to Godrej and
Boyce's revenue, currently exports to 27 countries and expects its share from
overseas market to increase and is also planning to enter in the architectural fittings
and solutions segment in these markets.

Exports contribute to around 5 per cent of revenue.

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Dorset
“Dorset” is at the vanguard of Architectural Hardware solutions in India and
since 1996 has been instrumental in keeping living and works spaces safe,
secure and aesthetically appealing. We are a pan Indian company with a strong
global foot print and we constantly leverage the synergies that come from
collaborating with world leading brands. Founded by Rajesh Bansal in 1995,
Dorset grew consistently year after year to become what it is today, a brand—
and a market leader. With its first ever lock in 1996, the company, ushered in
global standard products into the Indian market and set the benchmark; we
touched our 300 Channel Partner network in just one year after that, in 1997,
and has been consistently adding products for the market needs on regular basis.
The core notion of offering sterling creative solutions designed, tried and tested
by the best in technology continues to underline Dorset’s key proposition. An
unflinching commitment to quality and global sensibilities, has made us a case
study for many. We are among the top 2 in the market, employ over 1500
people, and are the preferred choice for many a discerning customer; as we
continue our upward trajectory, led by a young, forward looking second
generation management, we collectively see a shared vision.

Vision:

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 To be Enterprising innovative & profitable Major Supplier of total Access
products for building & Employer to create value for its Stake holders

Mission:

"Dorset Inside" We shall strive to create innovative, value-based and

trustworthy products for all establishments to ensure a safe and secure living
and working environment.

Lock And Security system Of Dorset

Security is the top priority for most of the people because no matter where their house or other
establishments are located at… it is always convenient for thieves and burglars to target them.
Hence, it is necessary for everyone to ensure that their abode/establishments are well-equipped with
best security measures.
So, keeping the dire need for quality and durable Lock & Security Systems in mind, we strive to
come-up with latest and advanced security solutions! Our locking and security products are strong,
durable, computerized and based on suitable confirmation techniques. They will give you a true
sense of quality, peace of mind and beauty you expect from the accessories you use.

Phantom Trio Lock

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