Past Perfect Tense EY a eta rae elie mt -Tart-) * Discussing Things * Describing Consequences of bates) MPT Being Late * Discussin * Discussing Feelings Preparations for Events + Describing Accomplishments VOCABULARY PREVIEW 1. discuss 6. purchase 11. forget 2. fly a kite 7. realize 12. remember 8. go canoeing 8. shine 13. memorize 4. go window-shopping 9. water 14. rehearse 5. pack 10. wrestle 15. performThey Didn't Want to ! He She It had eaten. We You A. Why didn’t Mr. and Mrs. Henderson see a movie last weekend? B. They didn’t want to. They had seen a movie the weekend before. 1. Why didn’t your parents eat out 2. Why didn’t Barry go canoeing last yesterday evening? Saturday? 3. Why didn't Martha moke eggs for 4. Why dide’t you have pizza for dime breakfast yesterday morning? last night? ex5. Why didn’t you and your friends drive 6. Why didn’t Paul wear his polka dot to the beach last Sunday? shirt to work yesterday? 7. Why didn’t Susan take a psychology 8. Why didn’t your neighbors give a party course last semester? last month? Ler i the Saturday afternoon before | 9. Why didn’t Mozart write an opera last. 10. Why didn’t you go window-shopping week? last Saturday afternoon? 11. Why didn’t Monica fly her kite 12. Why didn’t you and your family discuss yesterday? politics at the dinner table yesterday evening? 13. Why didn’t George do card tricks for 14, his friends last weekend? 97@READING THE MOST IMPORTANT THING Roger thought he was all prepared for his dinner party last night. He had sent invitations to his boss and all the people at the office, He had looked through several cookbooks and had found some very interesting recipes. He had even gone all the way downtown to buy imported fruit, vegetables, and cheese, which he needed for his dinner. However, as soon as Roger's doorbell rang and his guests arrived, he realized that he had forgotten to turn on the oven. Roger felt very foolish. He couldn’t believe what he had done. He thought he was all prepared for his dinner party, but he had forgotten to do the most important thing. Mr. and Mrs. Jenkins thought they were all prepared for their vacation. They had packed their suitcases several days ahead of time. ‘They had gone to the bank and purchased traveler's checks. ‘They had even asked their next-door neighbor to water their plants, feed their dog, and shovel their driveway if it snowed. However, as soon as Mr. and Mrs. Jenkins arrived at the airport, they realized that they had forgotten to bring their plane tickets with them, and there wasn't enough time to go back home and get them. Mr. and Mrs. Jenkins were heartbroken. They couldn't believe what they had done. They thought they were all prepared for their vacation, but they had forgotten to do the most important thing. Harold thought he was all prepared for his job interview yesterday. He had gone to his barber and gotten a very short haircut. He had bought a new shirt, put on his best tie, and shined his shoes. He had even borrowed his brother's new suit. However, as soon as Harold began the job interview, he realized that he had forgotten to bring along his resume. Harold was furious with himself. He thought he was all prepared for his job interview, but he had forgotten to do the most important thing. exJanet thought she was all prepared for the school play. She had memorized the script several weeks in advance. She had practiced her songs and dances until she knew them perfectly. She had even stayed up all night the night before and rehearsed the play by herself from beginning to end. However, as soon as the curtain went up and the play began, Janet realized that she had forgotten to put on her costume. Janet was really embarrassed. She couldn’t believe what she had done. She thought she was all prepared for the play, but she had forgotten to do the most important thing. v READING CHECK-UP TRUE, FALSE, OR MAYBE? Answer True, False, or Maybe (if the answer isn’t in the story). Roger had remembered to buy the ingredients he needed. Roger hadn’t remembered to cook the food. Roger's guests couldn't believe what he had done. Mr. and Mrs. Jenkins had forgotten to buy their plane tickets. ‘When Mr. and Mrs. Jenkins realized what had happened, they felt very sad and upset. Harold thinks it’s important to bring a resume to a job interview. Harold doesn’t have a suit. Janet hadn’t seen the script until the night before the play. Before the play began, Janet hadn’t realized that she had forgotten to put on her costume. SEN SARE Ne WHICH Is CoRRECT? 1. Before Barbara went on her vacation, she went to the bank and bought (tickets traveler's checks ). 2, Peter wanted his boss to come over for dinner, but he forgot to send him ( aresume an invitation ). 3. Sheila ( borrowed bought ) her roommate's laptop for a few days, 4, Our grandchildren were ( heartbroken foolish ) when our dog ran away. 5. At the supermarket next to the United Nations, ( imported important) people buy ( imported important. ) food. How About You? Have you ever thought you were all prepared for something, but you realized you had forgotten to do something important? What were you preparing for? What had you done? What had you forgotten to do? 27@= They Didn't Get There on Time A. Did you get to the concert on time? B. No, I didn’t. By the time I got to the concert, it had already begun. . train . lecture end a library 8. boa 9. parade close sail away go by 100He Hadn't Gone Fishing in a Long Time 1 He She It hadn't eaten. We | thad not You They 1. Did Natalie enjoy 2. swimming in the ocean last weekend? ug 4, Did you and your friends enjoy eating at Burger Queen yesterday? 7. Did Jim and Tess enjoy riding on a roller coaster this afternoon? 8. 5 Did you enjoy seeing a movie yesterday evening? with the choir last Sunday? BLN Did Kevin enjoy playing “hide and seek” with his children last night? . Did you enjoy having a . Did Mr, and Mrs. Ramirez enjoy taking a walk along the beach yesterday? strawberry shortcake for dessert last night? . Did Mrs. Kramer enjoy reading her old love letters last weekend? 101 @DAYS GONE BY Michael took a very special trip last month. He went back to Fullerton, his home town. Michael's visit to Fullerton was very special to him. He was born there, he grew up there, but he hadn't been back there since he finished high school. He went to places he hadn't gone to in years. He walked through the park in the center of town and remembered the days he had walked through the same park with his first girlfriend, He passed by the empty field where he and his friends had played baseball every day after school. And he stood for a while in front of the movie theater and thought about all the Saturday afternoons he had spent there sitting in the balcony, watching his favorite movie heroes and eating popcorn. He did things he hadn’t done in a long time. He had some homemade ice cream at the ice cream shop, he rode on the merry-go-round in the park, and he went fishing at the lake on the outskirts of town. For a while, he felt like a kid again. He hadn’t had homemade ice cream, ridden on a merry-go-round, or gone fishing since he was a young boy. neighbors who had never moved out of the neighborhood. He said hello to the owners of the candy store near his house. And he even bumped into Mrs. Riley, his tenth-grade science teacher. During his visit to his home town, Michael remembered places he hadn't gone to, things he hadn’t done, and people he hadn't seen since his childhood. Michael's trip back to Fullerton was a very nostalgic experience for him. Going back to Fullerton brought back many memories of days gone by. @ 102v READING CHECK-UP True, FALSE, OR MAYBE? Answer True, False, or Maybe (if the answer isn’t in the story). Michael moved back to Fullerton last month. He hadn't seen Fullerton in years. When Michael passed by the field last month, children were playing baseball. Michael enjoyed going to the movies when he was young. The ice cream shop was near Michael's home in Fullerton. Michael rode on the merry-go-round when he was a young boy. Some of Michael's old neighbors still live in the same neighborhood. Mrs. Riley still teaches science. PS Srp go por Wuicu Is Correct? 1. Lalways enj 2. The new shopping mall is located in the ( outskirts outside ) of our city. 3. She recently visited the town where she had ( spent grown up ) her childhood. 4, I bumped ( through into ) an old friend on the street the other day. They hadn't been ( back by ) to their old neighborhood in several years. . Seeing my old college friends was a( nauseous nostalgic ) experience for me. Listen and choose the correct answer. eating Aunt Betty's ( home town homemade ) food, ee 1. a. Yes. They've never eaten there. 4 a. a. But I had already done it. b. Yes. They had never eaten there. b. But P've already done it. 2. a. Thad already seen it. 5. a. She had memorized all the important b. Tve already seen it. names and dates. 3. a, No. Ithad already started. Poe a Sheee oY eee b. No. It has already started. 6. Have you ever stayed there before? Had you ever stayed there before? oP I wag heartbroken when... I felt foolish when ... I always feel nostalgic when .. .Have You Heard About Harry? . Have you heard about Harry? . No, I haven't. What happened? . He broke his leg last week. He was roller-skating . . . and he had never roller-skated before. A. B. A. B. That’s terrible! How did he do THAT? A. B. - Poor Harry! I hope he feels better soon. ( ‘A. Have you heard about __? B. No, Ihaven’t. What happened? A. (He/She) __ last week. B. That's terrible! How did (he/she) do 7111? A. (He/She) was ____ing . . . and (he/she) had never before. B. Poor ____! Thope (he/she) feels better soon. 1. twist his ankle 2. injure her knee 3. burn himself fly a kite shi bake brownies @ 1044. sprain her wrist 5. get a black eye 6. hurt her arm play squash box wrestle 7. lose his voice 8. dislocate her shoulder 9. get hurt in an accident sing opera do gymnastics ride a motoreycle 10. sprain his back 11. break his front teeth 12. do the tango chew on a steak bone Sharing News About Someone Have you heard about A. 4 Have you heard the news about Harry? Have you heard what happened to B. No, Ihaven't. What happened? Practice the conversations in this lesson again. Begin your conversations in different ways. 105 @It's Really a Shame A. Lheard that Arnold failed his driver's test last week. Is it true? B. Yes, it is... and it’s really a shame. He had been practicing for a long time. A. [heard that ________ last week. Is it true? B. Yes, it is .. . and it’s really a shame. (He/She/They) had been ____ing for a long time. Iheard that .. . 1. Fred lost his job at the factory 2. Larry and Jane broke up work there go together @ 1063. Mona had to cacel her trip to France 4, Pam and Bob canceled their wedding plan it plan to get married aw 5. Mr. and Mrs. Williams moved 6. Walter had another heart attack live in this neighborhood feel better 7. Alex did poorly on his science 8. Penny twisted her ankle and couldn’t exam: run in the marathon study for it train for it 9. Your daughter got sick and couldn’t 10. Herbert caught a cold and couldn't perform in her piano recital go camping rehearse for it look forward to it 1077@READING THEIR PLANS “FELL THROUGH” Patty had planned to have a party last weekend. She had been getting ready for the party for a long time. She had invited all of her friends and several co-workers, she had cooked lots of food, and she had cleaned her apartment from top to bottom. But at the last minute, she got sick and had to cancel the party. Poor Patty! She was really disappointed Michael had planned to ask his boss for a raise last week. He had been preparing to ask his boss for a raise for a long time. He had come to work early for several weeks, he had worked late at the office every night, and he had even bought a new suit to wear to the appointment with his boss. Unfortunately, before Michael could even ask for a raise, his boss fired him. John and Julia had planned to get married last month. They had been planning their wedding for more than a year, and all of their friends and relatives had been looking forward to the ceremony. Julia had bought a beautiful wedding gown, John had rented a fancy tuxedo, and they had sent invitations to 150 people. But at the last minute, John “got cold feet” and they had to cancel the wedding. * got scared IN YOUR OWN WORDS For WRITING AND Discussion Tell about plans you had that “fell through.” What had you planned to do? How long had you been planning to do it? What had you done beforehand? What went wrong? What happened? Were you upset? disappointed? @ 108plishments When Stella Karp won the marathon last week, nobody was surprised. She had been getting up early and jogging every morning. She had been eating health foods and taking vitamins for several months. And she had been swimming fifty laps every day after work. Stella Karp really deserved to win the marathon, After all, she had been preparing for it for a long time. When my friend Stuart finally passed his driver's test the other day, nobody was surprised. He had been taking lessons at the driving school for several months. He had been practicing driving with his father for the past several weeks. And he had been studying the “rules of the road” since he was a little boy. My friend Stuart really deserved to pass his driver's test. After all, he had been preparing for it for a long time. When Sally Compton got a promotion last week, nobody was surprised. She had been working overtime every day for several months. She had been studying computer programming in the evening. And she had even been taking extra work home on the weekends. Sally Compton really deserved to get a promotion. After all, she had been working hard to earn it for a long time We all feel proud when we accomplish something that we have prepared for. Tell other students about an accomplishment you're proud of. Write in your journal about something you accomplished: What did you accomplish? How long had you been preparing for it? How had you been preparing?Listen. Then say it. Say it. Then listen. She had seen a movie the day before. He had gone fishing the week before. We had never roller-skated before We had been studying for several hours. It had already begun. Thad forgotten to do it, Patty had planned to have a party. ‘Tom had been practicing for a long time. Core GRAMMAR Past PeRrect TENSE Past PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE 1 \ 1 He He He She She She It had eaten. It hadn't eaten. tt had been eating, We We We You You You They They They KEY VOCABULARY Acvions anp Activimies arrive do getmarried jog rehearse take a psychology ask do card tricks get ready know remember course ask for araise do gymnastics _get sick leave rent, take a trip bake do poorly. get up live ride take a walk begin do the tango givea party look forward to ring take home believe drive g0 look through rollerskate take lessons borrow earn go back lose run take off box eat go by make eggs sail away take vitamins break eat out gocamping memorize say hello think break up end gocanocing move see think about bring enjoy go downtown move out secamovie train bring along fail go fishing need send turn on bring back fall through go together pack shine twist bump into feed goup pass shovel visit buy feel gowindow- _pass by sing walk cancel feel better shopping _ perform sit watch, catch a cold find grow up plan ski water chew finish happen play snow wear dean fire have pizza play squash spend win close fly her kite hear practice sprain work come to work forget hope prepare stand work late cook get hurt her arm purchase start work overtime deserve get a promotion hurt himself put on stay up wrestle discuss get cold feet injure read study write dislocate get hurt invite realize swim @110Feature Article Fact File ‘Global Exchange Listening Fun wi Idioms What Ate They ‘Saying? || Volume 3 Number 3. The Jamaican Bobsied Team Amazing athletes from a Caribbean island n unusual group of athletes Bobsled Team for the first and ived in Calgary, Canada last time! But the team didn't for the 1988 Winter i 5 give up. They had lost, but they Olympic Games—the Jamaican Bobsled Team. Many people were surprised. How could the Caribbean island of Jamaica have a bobsled team? Jamaica doesn’t have any snow! ‘The Jamaican athletes had never competed in the Winter Olympics before. In fact, most of them hadn't ever been on a bobsled or seen snow before they began to prepare for the Olympics. But by the time the team members |f had been in the Olympies, and they wanted to go back and compete again. The team went to a special training center in Germany. They trained there four to eight hours aday. By the time these athletes arrived at the 1994 Olympic Winter Games in Norway, they had become a much stronger bobsled team, They had practiced for years. They were also very famous because a movie arrived in Calgary, they had trained hard for their first Olympic event. ‘They had been running and weight training in Jamaica. Then they had gone to a training center in Lake Placid, New York. Unfortunately, they had poor equipment, and their bobsled crashed a lot during training, | | They didn’t do well in the Olympics. Most | people were sure they had seen the Jamaican’ oui on cry Ree ee hee Ok a ma Dee ee eee it See eit act Pea seus SsIDEsy sine Gazette about the team, Cool Runnings, had been in theaters around the world the year before. At the 1994 games, the team came in 14th in the four-person bobsled event, and they placed 10th in the two-person event. ‘The team had done the impossible! ‘They had competed well in the Olympics, and they had won the hearts of fans around the world. ec ena Ce See eed reese PR em cy rie ee ee Piero) Cea cs ree aS Pree ccc Peed Ra cad Ces era Ree Rar a ae 11AROUND THE WORLD In different countries around the world, children Children and Sports Training Begin wainins at an catty age to compete my ene basketball in the United States Ce cue uaa! ‘What sports are popular in your country? At what age do children start training to compete in these sports? [ntewr. A Side by Side Gazette reporter interviewed Olga Petrova last week. Olga had just won the Women’s Regional Figure Skating Competition. GA When did you first know you wanted to compete as a skater? TER | began to skate back in Russia when | was four years old. By the time | was seven, | had already skated in ‘many competitions, and | had won several medals. We moved here when I was ten, and | began to take lessons at a skating program in our city. By the time | was eleven, | had finished all the levels of this program. My parents found a professional coach, Mr. Gary [Eh Olga, I'm sure you're very happy about Abrams, and I've been training with him ever since today’s competition. (GA Now that you have won this regional IER Oh, yes. 'm very happy. You know, | had been corneaeor aoe peaeriee garish ray foaallonetnae {ER The National Competition. It's in three months. | Minow 'hactyou! Beer|praarwiy! have to work very hard to prepare for that. My dream is to be in the Olympics next winter. | must do very (GQ In the months before the competition, | had well in the Nationals. been training with my coach ten hours a da , : Pa Cees eee pected Redlsaen % GR Good luck, Olga! We'll see you in the Olympics! practicing my routines over and over agnin. QA Oh,| hope so Spey SD Ze ———————————— 112LISTENING Zona Countries in the Olympics Only 14 countries competed in the first modern Olympics in 1896. Qver the years, the number of participating countries has, Olympic Game Highlights enor |b ©» torsaing mt — 9% b._ basketball =r —°e c. running a —9 d. gymnastics » 8 fe. swimming 13 Ta Tr Te ea I] | | Do You Know These Expressions? Break a leg! a. Don't be sad! | Hold your tongue! b. Try hard! Keep your chin up! . Good luck! Keep your eye on the ball! Pay attention! Put your best foot forward! Get off my back! Don't bother me! Be quiet! SE by SIE —e————————Dear Side by Side, Thave a question about gerunds and infinitives after verbs. Im very confused, T know that after some verbs, I must use a gerund, such as "practice swimming” and “consider buying.” After other verbs, I must use an infinitive, such as “learn to swim" and “decide to buy." And finally, I know that after some verbs, I can use either « gerund or an infinitive, such os “like to swim" and “like swimming.” Are there ony rules that will tell me what to do with different verbs? Sincerely, “Worrying About the Rules" Dear “Worrying About the Rules,” You seem to understand how to use gerunds and infinitives. Unfortunately, were sorry to tell you that there aren't any rules Dear Side by Side We've been studying the present perfect and present perfect continuous tenses in our class for the past several weeks. I think T finally understand, +this grammar, but new we have begun learning the past perfect tense, and to tell the truth, I don't understand when to use it. Can you help? | Sincerely, “Life Wos Perfect Before the Past Perfect” | Dear “Life Was Perfect,” We understand your problem because we use both the present perfect and past perfect tenses to talk about things that happened in the past. Here's the difference. We use the present perfect tense to talk } about things that happened before now. For example: | | don't want to see that movie today. Ihave already seenit. We use the past perfect tense to talk about things that happened before another time in the past. For about what to do with different verbs. You just have to learn about each verb. Keep on practicing gerunds and infinitives, and stop ‘worrying about the rules! Using these verbs isa lot better than thinking about them too much! Good luck! example: I didnt want to see that movie yesterday. had already seen it Wee glad you have learned the present perfect tense, and were sure you'll do well with the past Sincerely, pede Side by Side ___Global Exchange ‘Stamp4: Have | told you about my hobby? I’ve been collecting stamps since | was a little kid. | began to collect stamps when I was eight years old. At that time, my mother worked at an international bank. Every Friday, she brought home stamps from alll the letters she had received during that week. | also had many penpals in different countries, and we wrote letters to each other very often. By the time | was twelve, | had collected more than 1000 stamps from 50 different countries! I've continued collecting stamps, but now it’s more difficult. My mother retired from her Job, and my penpals send me e-mail messages instead of letters. (The Internet has been very bad for my stamp collection!) Tell me, do you have a hobby? What do you enjoy doing in your free time? How long have you been doing that? Write and tell me about it. Ei I Send a message to a keypal. Tell about your favorite hobby. — ss sie», Sine Gazette!