Sharygin Solutions
Sharygin Solutions
Shamim Akhtar
March 3, 2020
1
Let this be the starting configuration, let `2 ∩ ω = T
Assume now that badness occurs at segment Aj−1 Aj .
2
Now for termination of this chain, we must have the node An ∈ `2 , thus the
intersection of last segment with one endpoint An−1 and `2 MUST be An , the
last vertex.
Now we show that even if we continue drawing good segments from now
onwards, one segment HAS TO BE bad to make the configuration valid.
3
CASE 3 - Aj = An−3 implies tangent from Aj+2 to ω 6=Aj+2 Aj+1 intersects
`2 at An .
We divide again into two subcases - Subcase 1 (depicted in the diagram) -
Aj+2 lies beyond (same meaning as mentioned before) A1 T (seen from Aj+1 ),
then obviously An lies between Aj+2 and the tangency point of ω with the
tangent from Aj+2 to ω 6= Aj+2 Aj+1 (depicted in the figure by point ’K’), thus
Aj+2 An = An−1 An is a bad segment, contradiction.
Subcase 2 -
If Aj+2 is not beyond A1 T from Aj+1 , then An lies in the interior of segment
A1 T , thus A1 An is a bad segment, contradiction.
CASE 4 - Aj = An−4
Let N be the antipode of T wrt ω. Construct the tangent `3 from N to ω.
Now we divide it into two cases - Subcase 1 -
When Aj+2 did not lie beyond A1 T from Aj+1 , we divide this further into
two cases-
Subcase (i) - Aj+3 lies beyond A1 T , then An lies below T on `2 thus making
Aj+3 An = An−1 An a bad segment, contradiction.
Subcase (ii) - Aj+3 does not lie beyond A1 T , then An lies above T on `2
thus making A1 An a bad segment, contradiction.
Subcase 2 -
When Aj+2 lies beyond A1 T
Again, we divide even this subcase into two further cases -
Subcase (i) (depicted in the diagram) -
When Aj+3 = An−1 lies beyond `3 seen from Aj+2 , we have that the point
of intersection of the tangent to ω from Aj+3 and `2 is above T on `2 , thus
making An A1 a bad segment, contradiction.
Subcase (ii) -
When Aj+3 = An−1 does not lie beyond `3 wrt Aj+2 , then the point of
intersection of the tangent to ω from Aj+3 and `3 is below T on `2 , thus making
An Aj+3 = An An−1 a bad segment, contradiction.
Now, this case work is sufficient as the configuration after CASE 4 repeats
and thus changing the required indices, it becomes similar to one of these four
possible configurations, and thus shows that bad segments occur in pairs, and
we are done.