SSC 106: MATHEMATICS FOR SOCIAL SCIENTIST II

PRACTICE QUESTIONS ONE

TOPIC ONE: MATRIX
SSC 106 Tutor: Peter (08030941834)

NAME: …………………………………………………. DEPARTMENT: ………………………………….

1. Evaluate |
𝒂 + 𝒊𝒃 𝒃 − 𝒂
| if i = √2 (ii) Show that interchanging rows 1 and 2
𝒃 + 𝒂 𝒂 − 𝒊𝒃
will change the sign but not the absolute
(𝟑 + 𝒙)𝟐 𝟔 𝟏𝟒𝟒 𝟔
2. A = ( 𝟗𝒚𝟑 𝟕 ) and B = ( 𝟕𝟐 𝟕 ), value of the determinant of x.
𝟔 𝟒𝟗 𝟔 𝟕𝒛 8. Find x, y, z in using both crammers and
If A = B, determine the value of x, y and z. inverse method:
3. Differentiate between /M/ and spur of MT by 3x + 6y + z = 4
using this matrix below; 2x + 2z = 5
x + 4y – z =6
9. Given that
𝟑+𝒙 𝟐 𝟏𝟐 𝟐
A = ( 𝟗𝒚 𝟓 ) and B =(𝟑𝟔 𝟓 )
𝟐 𝟏 𝟓 𝟔 𝟕𝒛 𝟔 𝟐𝟖
4. If A = (𝟏 𝟑 −𝟐) i) If A = B, determine the values of x, y and
𝟓 −𝟐 𝟒
show that Tr (A+B)= Tr A+Tr B z

5. What If: a12=a21=5, a32=3a12 ii) Show that 2B - A = A

a31=3a12-10 and a13 = (a31)2 10.

Determine completely a matrix A specified as

𝟔 − −
A = (− 𝟕 − )
− − 𝟏𝟎 Determine x, y, t and v.
6. Find x1 and x2 in the following equation:
11. Given matrices A and B with respective
6x1 + 5x2 = 49
dimensions m x n and p x q.
3x1 + 4x2 = 32
i.) State the condition for product AB to
𝟒 𝟎 𝟑
7. Given that X = (𝟏 𝟓 𝟕) (i) Find the exist
𝟑 𝟑 𝟗 ii.) Write out the dimension of the product
determinant of X
AB if it exists.
 𝟕 21. Given that 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝒙, find the sum of all
iii.) Suppose A = (10, 3,-2) and B =(𝟓). Find 2 0
the entries of 𝑓(𝑀) if 𝑀 = ( )
𝟐 3 −1
the product AB and comment on your 4 3 2
22. Find the value of x if |−1 4 𝑥 | = 17
answer. 2 −2 3
23. Use the Crammer’s rule to solve the system
12. Given A = [3, 9, 8, 7] and B = [2, 5, 3]
1 5 1
i.) Find B1 − + =2
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
ii.) Find B1A and specify its dimension. 2 3 3
− + =6
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
iii.) Does a matrix AB exist?
3 1 3
13. Evaluate: + − =6
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 𝟎 𝟏 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 5 0 −2
( )( )( ) 24. Given that 𝐴 = (0 3 0 ), find 𝑓(𝐴′ ) if
−𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 𝟏 𝟎 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙
𝟏 𝟏 0 0 −1
𝑓(𝑦) = 𝑦 3 − 3𝑦 2 + 2𝑦 + 5, where 𝐴′ is the
14. Show that the matrix A = ( √𝟐
𝟏
√𝟐
𝟏) is
− transpose of matrix A
√𝟐 √𝟐
25. Differentiate between upper triangular matrix
orthogonal. and lower triangular matrix.
15. Using sarru’s rule to find the determinant of 26. What is the condition of a matrix to have an
3 6 1 Inverse?
a matrix A = (2 0 2 ). 27. If a matrix A is a 2x4 and matrix B is a 4x3,
1 4 −1
the dimension of the new matrix when
16. With an example, differentiate between the
multiplied is called………………
following:
28. a triangular matrix M, distinguish between
(i). Orthogonal matrix (ii). Idempotent matrix
determinant of M and its spur.
(iii). Symmetric matrix (iv). Skew-symmetric matrix
29. Differentiate between minors and cofactor
𝟏 𝟖 𝟏
17. (a) Let 𝑨 = (𝟐 −𝟑 −𝟐) of a 3x3 matrix and find the inverse of the
𝟑 𝟏 −𝟖 matrix.
30. Describe the types of determinants you
(i) Find |𝐀| (ii) Obtain 𝐀−𝟏
know with an example.
(b) Hence or otherwise, solve the following system 𝟏 𝟐 𝟑
of equations 31.
If A = [𝟒 𝟓 𝟔], (i) Obtain A1, AA1 (ii) What
𝒙 + 𝟖𝒚 + 𝒛 = 𝟐 𝟕 𝟖 𝟗
𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚 − 𝟑𝒛 = 𝟔 nature of matrix is AA1
𝟑𝐱 + 𝐲 − 𝟖𝐳 = 𝟔 32. Classify the following matrices by types:
18. Using Crammer’s rule, solve the following 𝟓 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟑
system of equations (i) (𝟎 𝟓 𝟎) (ii) ( 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎)
𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟒 𝟎 𝟎 𝟓 −𝟑 𝟎 𝟓
𝟐𝒙 = 𝟓 − 𝟒𝒚 𝒂 𝒃 𝒄
33. Given A = (𝒃 𝒄 𝒂). Determine the cofactor
𝟐𝒙 −𝟏 𝟑
19. Solve for x in | | = −𝟔. Hence find 𝒄 𝒂 𝒃
𝟑𝒙 −𝟐 𝟐
its inverse of each element in column 2 of A
20. Find the inverse of the following matrices
𝟏 𝟑 −𝟐 𝟐 𝟑 𝟏
(a) (−𝟑 𝟎 −𝟓) (b) (𝟏 𝟐 −𝟑)
𝟐 𝟓 𝟎 𝟑 𝟒 𝟎
 𝟎 𝒂 𝒃 (i) ……………………………
34. If M = (−𝒂 𝟎 𝒄 ) (i). What type of matrix is
(ii) ……………………………
−𝒃 −𝒄 𝟎
M (iii) ……………………………

35. Evaluate using Crammer’s rule: With appropriate examples, list 2 types of matrices
𝟔𝒙𝟏 + 𝟐𝒙𝟐 = 𝟏 under each classification
𝟖𝒙𝟏 + 𝒙𝟐 = 𝟑
36. The class governor of SSC106 claims that: 43. Given
−𝟐 −𝟐
A =( ) is an idempotent matrix and 7x – y – z = 0
𝟑 𝟑
𝟏 𝟎 𝟎
B = (𝟎 𝟏 𝟎) is an identity matrix, are his 10x – 2y + z = 8
𝟎 𝟏 𝟎
6x + 3y – 2z = 7
claims correct?
37. What types of matrices have the following Find x, y, and z using matrix inverse approach
features? 44. Given
1 1
(a) AA = A A = I
𝟏 𝟑 𝟐 𝟎 𝟏 𝟎
(b) A2 = A A = (𝟐 𝟒 𝟗) and E = (𝟏 𝟎 𝟎)
(c) A1 = -A 𝟕 𝟔 𝟏 𝟎 𝟎 𝟏
38. Given that Show that /EA/ = /E/ /A/
𝟐 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎
𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐 𝟎 𝟎 45. Determine x and y if (x, x + y) = (y – 2, 6)
A=( 𝟑 ) , Compute:
𝟐 𝟐𝟑 𝟐𝟑 𝟎 46. For the following system of simultaneous linear
𝟐𝟒 𝟐𝟒 𝟐𝟒 𝟐𝟒
equation, find each of the following: (i). The
(a) Spur of A
coefficient matrix of the system (ii). The value
(b) /A/
39. Solve the following set of equations using of its determinant. (iii). The minor and cofactor

crammer’s rule of the coefficient matrix. (iv). The solution

values of the unknown.
7A – B – C = 0
7x – y – z = 0
10A – 2B + C = 8 10x -2y + z = 8

6A + 3B – 2C = 7 6x + 3y – 2z = 7
47. Obtain the determinant of the following:
𝟒 𝟐
40. If A = ( ) and 𝒌𝟏 = 𝟐, 𝒌𝟐 = 𝟓, verify that
𝟗 𝟔 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙 −𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 𝟎
𝒌𝟏 𝑨 + 𝒌𝟐 𝑨 = (𝒌𝟏 + 𝒌𝟐 )𝑨 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒃 𝒃 𝟏
(i). [𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙 𝟎 ] (ii) ( )
𝟏 𝟓𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒂 𝒃
41. Given that: A = ( ), if /A/ = 0, find x. 𝟎 𝟎 −𝟏
𝟐 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏
If 𝒂𝟏𝟐 = 𝒂𝟐𝟏 = 𝟎, (𝒂𝟐𝟐 )𝟐 − 𝟐, 𝒂𝟑𝟐 = (𝒂𝟏𝟏 )𝟐 + 48. Differentiate between minors and cofactor
𝒂𝟑𝟑 − 𝟑(𝒂𝟏𝟐 )𝟐 , (a). Determine completely the of a 3x3 matrix and find the inverse of the
matrix.
matrix A.
49. A square matrix with scalar element which
𝟐 − −
A = [− 𝟑 𝟓 ] (b). Evaluate the determinant are not necessarily equal in the diagonal is
− − 𝟏 called …………..
of the matrix A.
42. (a) A matrix can be classified using
50. Use matrices to solve the simultaneous 60. Matrices L, M and N are 𝟓 × 𝟐, 𝟐 × 𝟑, and 𝟑 ×
𝟓 respectively, which of the following
equations:
multiplications is not possible
3x + 5y − 7= 0
(a)LMN (b) MNL (c) LNM (d) NLM).
4x − 3y −19= 0
51. Find the values of k that satisfy the following 61. With an appropriate example, distinguish between
(𝟓 − 𝒌) 𝟕 −𝟓 symmetric and orthogonal matrix.
equations: [ 𝟎 (𝟒 − 𝒌) 𝟎 ]= 0 62. Given the following system of simultaneous linear
𝟐 𝟎 (−𝟑 − 𝒌) equations:
𝟐−𝒌 𝟐
and | |=0 X1 + X2 − X3 = 2
−𝟏 𝟓−𝒌
52. Solve using both crammers and inversion 2X1 − X2 + X3 = 3
method of matrix:
3X1 + X2 + 2X3 = 2
2x – 3y = 4
Find:
x–y=2
i. The coefficient matrix of the system
ii. The value of the determinant
53. If A and B are idempotent matrices, show that iii. The inverse of the coefficient matrix
(i). Their difference (A – B) is idempotent if and iv. The solution values of the unknowns
only if, AB = BA = B.
(ii). Their sum (A + B) is idempotent if and only 1 2 3
63. If 𝐴 = [4 5 6]
if AB = BA = 0
7 8 9
54. Enumerate 3 techniques of evaluating determinants
(i) Obtain A1 and AA1
of matrices in increasing of generality
(ii) What nature of matrix is AA1
55. Find the set of cofactors of matrix
𝟒 −𝟕 𝟔 64. Classify the following matrix by types:
𝑪 = (−𝟐 𝟒 𝟎)
𝟓 𝟕 −𝟒 5 0 0 1 0 2
56. Find the value of 𝒙 for which (i). [0 5 0] (ii). [0 0 0]
0 0 5 2 0 0
𝒙 −𝟏 −𝟐
|𝟐 𝟏 𝟎 |=𝟎 0 1 2 4 0 0
−𝒙 𝟎 𝟒 (iii). [−1 0 −3] (iv). [0 1 0]
𝟏 𝟑 −𝟐 −2 3 0 0 0 7
57. Obtain the inverse of the matrix (−𝟑 𝟎 −𝟓)
4 6
𝟐 𝟓 𝟎 (v). [ ]
58. Given the matrices 𝑨 and 𝑩 , find the values of the 0 5
1 1 1
constants𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 such that 𝐴 = 𝐵 if 65. If 𝐴 = [0 1 0]
𝟏 𝟑 + 𝒂 𝟐𝒃 + 𝒂 0 0 1
𝑨 = (𝟏 + 𝒃 𝒂 𝟓 ),
𝒃𝟐 𝟏 𝒂 (i) Find A-1 (ii) Show AA-1 = I
𝟏 −𝟏 𝒄
𝑩 = (𝟒 𝒂 𝟓)
𝟐
𝒃 𝟏 𝒂
59. Given that 𝑓(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝒙 , find the sum of all the
𝟐 𝟎
entries of 𝒇(𝑴) if 𝑴 = ( ).
𝟑 −𝟏