Pharmacy is the science and practice of discovering, producing, preparing, dispensing, and
reviewing drugs, aiming to ensure the safe, effective, and affordable use of drugs. It is a
miscellaneous science as it links health sciences with pharmaceutical sciences and natural
sciences. The professional practice is becoming more clinically oriented as most of the drugs are
now manufactured by pharmaceutical industries. Based on the setting, the pharmacy is classified as
a community or institutional pharmacy. Providing direct patient care in the community of institutional
pharmacies are considered clinical pharmacy.[1]
The scope of pharmacy practice includes more traditional roles such as compounding and
dispensing of medications, and it also includes more modern services related to health care,
including clinical services, reviewing medications for safety and efficacy, and
providing drug information. Pharmacists, therefore, are the experts on drug therapy and are the
primary health professionals who optimize the use of medication for the benefit of the patients.
An establishment in which pharmacy (in the first sense) is practiced is called a pharmacy (this term
is more common in the United States) or a chemist's (which is more common in Great Britain). In the
United States and Canada, drugstores commonly sell medicines, as well as miscellaneous items
such as confectionery, cosmetics, office supplies, toys, hair care products and magazines and
occasionally refreshments and groceries.
In its investigation of herbal and chemical ingredients, the work of the pharma may be regarded as a
precursor of the modern sciences of chemistry and pharmacology, prior to the formulation of
the scientific method