Pembahasan Matematika elektro

Jawab

1. a. dengan menggunakan hukum cosinus

𝑎⃗ = 2 𝐢 + 4𝐣 , 𝑏⃗⃗ = = 6 𝐣 + 4𝐤 ,

𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗
cos 𝜃 =
|𝑎⃗||𝑏⃗⃗|

2 0
[4] . [6]
cos 𝜃 = 0 4
√2 + 4 + 02 √62 + 42 + 02
2 2

24 6
cos 𝜃 = =
√20√52 √65
Sehingga
6
𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 ( ) = 41,910
√65

b.

𝐴𝐵 = (−1 − 1)𝑖 + (4 − 2)𝑗 + (−5 − 3)𝑘 = −2𝑖 + 2𝑗 − 8𝑘

|𝐴𝐵| = √(−2)2 + 22 + (−8)2 = √72 = 6√2
𝐵𝐷 = (−2 + 1)𝑖 + (3 − 4)𝑗 + (−14 + 5)𝑘 = −𝑖 − 𝑗 + 9𝑘
|𝐵𝐷| = √(−1)2 + 92 + (−1)2 = √83

𝐴𝐵. 𝐵𝐷 −72
∠𝐵 = cos −1 = cos −1 = 21,3490
|𝐴𝐵||𝐵𝐷| 6√2. √83
Luas = AB X BD = |𝐴𝐵||𝐵𝐷| sin ∠𝐵 = 6√2. √83 sin 21,3490 𝑚 = 28,125 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑛 𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑠
 c. (a b c) = (axb).c

3 2 1 −4 1
([0] 𝑥 [ 2 ]) . [−2] = [ 7 ] . [−2] = −4 − 14 + 18 = 0
2 −1 3 6 3

1 1
2. a. 𝑓 = 𝑥 2 − 4𝑦 2 + 𝑧2
4 2

∂ ∂ ∂
∇f = 𝑓𝑥 𝑖̂ + 𝑓𝑦 𝑗̂ + 𝑓𝑧 𝑘̂
∂x ∂y ∂z
∂ 1 2 ∂ ∂1 2
∇f = 𝑥 𝑖̂ − 4𝑦2 𝑗̂ + 𝑧 𝑘̂
∂x 4 ∂y ∂z 2
1
∇f = 𝑥 𝑖̂ − 8𝑦 𝑗̂ + z 𝑘̂
2

b.
u = 𝑦 𝑖̂ − 𝑧 𝑗̂ + x 𝑘̂
v = x𝑦 𝑖̂ + 𝑦𝑧 𝑗̂ + xz 𝑘̂

𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
𝜕 𝜕 𝜕
∇xv= | | = (0 − 𝑦)𝑖 + (0 − 𝑧)𝑗 + (0 − 𝑥)𝑘 = −𝑦 𝑖 − 𝑧 𝑗 − 𝑥 𝑘
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧
𝑥𝑦 𝑦𝑧 𝑥𝑧
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘 0
u x curl v = | 𝑦 −𝑧 𝑥 | = [0]
−𝑦 −𝑧 −𝑥 0

3. F(r) = 4y i -2x j

A=(0,0) ; B =(5,0.5)

𝑟(𝑡) = (0 + 5𝑡)𝑖 + (0 + 0,5𝑡)𝑗 = 5𝑡 𝑖 + 0,5𝑡 𝑗

𝑟 ′ (𝑡) = 5 𝑖 + 0,5 𝑗
𝐹(𝑟) = 4𝑦 𝑖 − 2𝑥 𝑗
1
𝐹(𝑟(𝑡)) = 4 ( 𝑡) 𝑖 − 2.5𝑡 𝑗 = 2𝑡 𝑖 − 10𝑡 𝑗
2

1
∫ 𝐹(𝑟) 𝑑𝑟 = ∫ 𝐹(𝑟(𝑡)). 𝑟 ′ (𝑡) 𝑑𝑡
𝐶 0
1 51 1
5
2𝑡
∫ 𝐹(𝑟(𝑡)). 𝑟 ′ (𝑡)𝑑𝑟 = ∫ [ ] [1] 𝑑𝑡 = ∫ 5𝑡 𝑑𝑡 =
0 0 −10𝑡 2 0 2
4. F(r) = -x4i -y6 j

A=(0,0) ; B =(-2,0) -------- 0 ke π

𝑟(𝑡) = 𝑎 cos 𝑡 𝑖 + 𝑏 sin 𝑡 𝑗 = 2 cos 𝑡 𝑖 + 2 sin 𝑡 𝑗

𝑟 ′ (𝑡) = −2 sin 𝑡 𝑖 + 2 cos 𝑡 𝑗
𝐹(𝑟) = −𝑥 4 𝑖 − 𝑦 6 𝑗
 𝐹(𝑟(𝑡)) = −(2 cos 𝑡) 4 𝑖 − (2 sin 𝑡 ) 6 𝑗 = −16 (cos 𝑡)4 𝑖 − 64(sin 𝑡)6 𝑗

𝜋
∫ 𝐹(𝑟) 𝑑𝑟 = ∫ 𝐹(𝑟(𝑡)). 𝑟 ′ (𝑡) 𝑑𝑡
𝐶 0
𝜋 𝜋
−16 (cos 𝑡)4 −2 sin(𝑡)
∫ 𝐹(𝑟(𝑡)). 𝑟 ′ (𝑡)𝑑𝑟 = ∫ [ ][ ] 𝑑𝑡
0 0 −64(sin 𝑡)6 2 cos(𝑡)
𝜋
128
∫ 32(sin 𝑡)5 − 128(cos 𝑡)7 𝑑𝑡 = −
0 15
5. F(r) = z i + x j + y k

𝑟(𝑡) = cos 𝑡 𝑖 + sin 𝑡 𝑗 + 3𝑡 𝑘

𝑟 ′ (𝑡) = − sin 𝑡 𝑖 + cos 𝑡 𝑗 + 3 𝑘
𝐹(𝑟) = 𝑧 𝑖 + 𝑥 𝑗 + 𝑦 𝑘
𝐹(𝑟(𝑡)) = 3𝑡 𝑖 cos 𝑡 𝑗 + sin 𝑡 𝑘

2𝜋
∫ 𝐹(𝑟) 𝑑𝑟 = ∫ 𝐹(𝑟(𝑡)). 𝑟 ′ (𝑡) 𝑑𝑡
𝐶 0
2𝜋 2𝜋 3𝑡 − sin 𝑡
∫ 𝐹(𝑟(𝑡)). 𝑟 ′ (𝑡)𝑑𝑟 = ∫ [cos 𝑡] [ cos 𝑡 ] 𝑑𝑡
0 0 sin 𝑡 3
2𝜋
∫ −3𝑡 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡 + (cos 𝑡)2 + 3 sin 𝑡 𝑑𝑡 = 6 𝜋
0

6. S = y = x2 0
0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 4.2
0 ≤ 𝑧 ≤ 2.6
Karena batas menggunakan x dan z maka anggap x = u dan z = v maka

𝑦 = 𝑢2
𝐹 = 2𝑦 𝑖 + 4 𝑗 + 𝑥𝑧 𝑘
𝐹(𝑟(𝑢, 𝑣)) = 2𝑢2 𝑖 + 4 𝑗 + 𝑢𝑣 𝑘

ru = i + 2u j ; rv = k ;

̅(𝑢, 𝑣) = 𝑟𝑢 𝑥 𝑟𝑣
𝑁

𝑘 𝑖 𝑗
̅ (𝑢, 𝑣) = |1
𝑁 0| = 2𝑢 𝑖 − 𝑗 2𝑢
1 0 0
2,6 4,2
2𝑢2 2𝑢
̅
∬ 𝐹(𝑟(𝑢, 𝑣)) . 𝑁(𝑢, 𝑣) 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ ∫ ([ 4 ] . [−1]) 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
𝑆 𝑢𝑣 0
0 0
2,6 4,2 2,6 4,2
2𝑢2 2𝑢
∫ ∫ ([ 4 ] . [−1]) 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ ∫ (4𝑢3 − 4) 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
0 0 𝑢𝑣 0 0 0
 2,6 4,2 2,6

∫ ∫ (4𝑢3 − 4) 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 4,24 − 4.4,2 𝑑𝑣

0 0 0

2,6

∫ 4,24 − 4.4,2 𝑑𝑣 = 2,6(4,24 − 4.4,2) = 765,36096

0

7. S : x+y +z = 1
0 ≤𝑥 ≤1−𝑦
0 ≤𝑦≤1
Karena batas menggunakan x dan z maka anggap x = u dan y = v maka

𝑧 =1−𝑢−𝑣
𝐹 = 𝑥 2 𝑖 + 3𝑦 2 𝑗
𝐹(𝑢, 𝑣) = 𝑢 𝑖 + 𝑣 𝑗 + (1 − 𝑢 − 𝑣) 𝑘

ru = i + k ; rv = j - k ;
𝐹(𝑟(𝑢, 𝑣)) = 𝑢2 𝑖 + 3𝑣 2 𝑗

̅(𝑢, 𝑣) = 𝑟𝑢 𝑥 𝑟𝑣
𝑁

𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
̅ (𝑢, 𝑣) = |1
𝑁 0 −1| = 𝑖 + 𝑗 + 𝑘
0 1 −1

1 1−𝑣
𝑢2 1
̅(𝑢, 𝑣) 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ ∫ ([ 0 ] . [1]) 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
∬ 𝐹(𝑟(𝑢, 𝑣)) . 𝑁
𝑆
0 0 3𝑣 2 1
1 1−𝑣 2 1 1−𝑣
𝑢 1
∫ ∫ ([ 0 ] . [1]) 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ ∫ (𝑢2 − 3𝑣 2 ) 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
0 0 𝑣2 1 0 0
1 1−𝑣 2,6
1 1 1 1
∫ ∫ (𝑢2 − 3𝑣 2 ) 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ (1 − 𝑣)3 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑥 =
3 3 4 12
0 0 0