Write an article about nostalgia.

2.         Recently you have across the term ‘Brain Drain’. Indeed, you feel this to be apt in Indian
Talents. Write an article reflecting your views about this.

3.         Write a reflective study in the form of article about effect of social media in the present
youth.

4.         Unemployment is one of the prime burning issues of India. Write an article reflecting
the importance of vocational education to assuage the trouble.

5.         80% of the wealth of India is in the hand of 20% people and 20% of the total wealth is in
the hand of 80% of the people. Write an article how India is affected by this in discrimination.

SPEECH WRITING

Class – IX – 5 marks (120 words)

Class – X – 6 marks (120 words)

1.         Write a speech on the degrading moral situation of the present form of society.

2.         “Animals in the zoos” – How far do you support this? Write a speech on this.

3.         “Newspapers and Electronics media work as the face of different political parties”. Write
a speech either in for or against the topic.

4.         Write a speech on the 5 things you want to change about your country.
5.         Write a speech on the dire necessity of the change in present politics in India.

EMAIL WRITING
CLASS IX -6 MARKS (120 WORDS)
CLASS - X -6 MARKS (120 WORDS)

1)         Write an e-mail to the director of ‘Disha’ eye Institute expressing your wish to donate
your eye after your death.

2)         Write an email to your friend expressing your view about the future of virtual learning
and its positive sides.

3) Write an email to your friend expressing your view about the lacuna in the transparency of
the administration.

4) You have recently visited District hospital .You are pained to see the dire situation they are
in. Write your views in the form of an email to your friend.

5) Education is not for the worthy people, but available to the people who have money .Write
an email to your father expressing your grief about this.

Exercise Your Speechwriting Brain

APRIL 30, 2013 BY BRENT KERRIGAN

I don’t understand runners. Never have, never will. Watching them trot in
place at stoplights, checking their pulse and sighing condescendingly at us
knuckle-draggers in vehicles, I’d rather revert to crawling before becoming
one of them.
Then I realized how much we have in common.

Not the Global Speechwriter…today

Just like a runner, I’m addicted to staying in shape. Just like a runner, I’m also
addicted to targeting one specific muscle group—mine happens to be my
brain. I was told it could use the exercise. I target that muscle even further by
focusing exclusively on the speechwriting portion. I like to think the results are
paying off.

The key is to have a schedule. Here’s mine. Maybe it’ll work for you.

6:00 a.m.

Wake up, look out window at runners, and promptly return to sleep.

8:00 a.m.

Actually wake up.

9:00 a.m.

Begin work day by lifting compendium of speeches (currently William Safire’s

“Lend Me Your Ears”) from bookshelf. Proceed to read two speeches. Not just
read, but analyze. Try to get a sense of what the writers are trying to
accomplish. Each speech is read twice. Rhetorical devices are underlined,
word choices noted, repetition duplicated in my personal notes. I detail the
speech structure: is the form classic, modern, or just a mess? What quotes
could I use later? Organize according to speaker and
theme. Evernote provides a good electronic format for keyword reference. A
lined notebook also works fine.

Just like a runner, I find one form of exercise isn’t enough. As I say in
myspeechwriting workshops, we don’t sit around reading speeches when we
go to events, we listen to them. It’s why I like to combine speech reading with
speech listening. While attending live events is preferable, this isn’t always an
option (definitely not here in Germany where most executive speeches are
slow and horrifying torture). Instead, the Internet provides a number of
recorded speeches—some with accompanying notes. The White House
website does a great job of this.TED talks are also good
examples. YouTube has a host of others. I go through the same process as I
do with the written ones: analyze and organize.

Evening

Just like a runner, I also like to cheat. Instead of cutting through a few side-
streets and calling it a day, I like to read and absorb ideas from other writers in
order to make my work easier. I find that reading books about speechwriting
helps me understand what I’m listening to when I hear speeches (doesn’t hurt
the writing either). There are a number of good books available, but one I
always refer to is the original by Dale Carnegie. Just like running shoes,
speeches have been made a thousand different ways, but they all essentially
have the same purpose: to get you where you need to go.

That’s my schedule, what’s yours? How do you keep your speechwriting brain
in shape?
 the top 10 to tuck into your toolkit! 

They're simple, easy to put into practice and will help you deliver
your speech more effectively.

Make them part of your regular preparation routine and you'll be

delighted with the increased poise, confidence, and control you develop.

1.Breathe

The first of these public speaking exercises focuses on breath because in

order to speak well, we need to breathe well and that means fully using
the lungs.

Being anxious or nervous is often expressed through shallow breathing

and that in turn affects the voice. It pushes the tone up, reducing its
range and effectiveness.

Try this:

 Stand with your feet a comfortable shoulder width apart.

 Support the weight of your body through your hips and legs rather
than locking your knees.
 Consciously release and relax your shoulders.
 If you're holding your stomach in, let it go.
 Place your hands on your stomach. When you are breathing well
your hands will rise on an in-breath and fall on an out-breath.
 Breathe in through your nose to the count of 4. Count slowly: 1 - 2
- 3 - 4. As you inhale feel your diaphragm, and see your hands, rising.
 Breathe out through your mouth to the count of 4 and now feel
your diaphragm expanding and see your hands lowering.
 Do several rounds of inhale and exhale to a 4 count while making
sure you keep your shoulders, stomach and legs relaxed.
 Once you have mastered the 4 count, increase it. Through regular
practice you will soon be able to extend it for a 8 or even 10 count.

Extra breathing exercises

Click the link to find more public speaking breathing exercises

2. Hum, Ha and Yawn

Humming, ha-ing and yawning are all good to relax and tune your vocal
equipment.

Hum a single note, simple tune or a scale gently making sure your lips
and cheeks are relaxed. You'll feel the vibrations resonating through your
face and throat.

To 'ha' take in a full breath and on its release say 'haaaaaaa' gently until
you run out of air. Make sure your mouth is open and relaxed. Repeat
several times.
 Yawning releases tension in the jaw and if you're at all anxious, this is a
place you'll feel it. Let the tension go by opening your mouth and
yawning widely without strain. Add sound. 'Ahhh' - until all the air is
gone. Repeat until your throat and jaw are relaxed.

3. Mirror, Mirror on the Wall...

Many of us get anxious about what we look like to the audience when
we're giving a speech. Others of us are not aware of habitual gestures we
make.

Solve the problem by looking. Practice your speech in front of a full

length mirror. You'll see what you do and become aware of what you
want to change.

4. Recording

What's the quality of your voice?

 Do you know what you sound like?

 What is your voice doing when you are speaking?
 How does it come across?
 Have you got any verbal mannerisms you are unaware of?

A recording will let you know. You'll hear those rising inflections, ums and
ahs, and whether or not you're mumbling or racing your words.

Recording yourself allows you to hear yourself as others do and that's

invaluable information. If you have a recorder, use it and if you have a
video camera, better still. You can combine voice and seeing yourself.
Understand the effect of your voice

For more about the impact of your voice on other people see voice
image.

5. Eye Contact

This exercise focuses on the question: Who are you speaking to?

In an everyday conversation we make eye contact with the person we're

speaking to. It makes the conversation more meaningful. As the speaker,
you feel you're being heard or listened to. As the listener, you feel you're
being spoken to directly.

What happens when you give a speech to many people?

Making eye contact with members of your audience has the effect of
making them feel as though you are talking to them personally. It's an
acknowledgement, creating a bond for the duration of your speech and
beyond.

It works best when you spread your eye contact through the audience
which means you'll meet the eyes briefly of a person in the front, then
another on your right, someone on your left and then someone in the
middle or back of the audience. The contact is sufficient for them to feel
spoken to directly and because you've directed your gaze left, right, and
center that perception will be shared by the audience as a whole.

Practice meeting the eyes of one person, then another, and another, the
next time you make a speech. You'll be amazed how much more
connected to the audience you'll feel.
6. Sounding Real

If you're saying "I'm really happy to be here today" but sounding

like "I'm totally bored and can't wait to get off the stage"  your speech is
going to create conflict for the audience because your words are saying
one thing but your tone or expression is saying another.

Practice

To practice conveying the meaning you intend in your words try

experimenting by saying your opening sentences as if you were:

happy, bored, sad, angry, bitter, teasing, cynical...

The idea is to really listen to how you say the words, or how you fill them
with meaning.

The happy - sad difference

A happy person saying the same sentence as an unhappy one sounds

different. The stresses or inflections on the words are different. They are
spoken at a different rate and even at a different pitch.

By playing with the way you deliver your words you'll develop more
flexibility and with more flexibility you'll be more able to find the most
appropriate way to express your words and have them interpreted in the
way you intended.

Click the link to find more public speaking exercises for vocal

variety.
7. Slowing Speech Rate

How fast do you speak?

A common response to feeling anxious about making a speech is to get

faster and faster until the words are flying out of your mouth and are a
blur in the ears of your listeners.

Curing fast through fear

The best public speaking exercise to cure 'fast through fear' is practice

and a good way to do that is to consciously hear what you're saying by
recording your speech.

Try saying at least a minute of it at varying speeds from very slow to

very fast. Now listen to the result.

Which speed is more effective?

What conveys your message and gives your audience time to hear and
understand it?

Too much speed, or too little, will alienate listeners. The truth is that you
need a flexible speaking rate, fitting the content (what you're saying) and
the needs of the audience. Some parts of your speech will be slower and
others will be faster.

More help with finding the best speech rate

Click the link for more public speaking exercises to help you achieve
a flexible speaking rate.

Do check this page too! Give yourself the power of the pause.

Understanding the power of silence and how to use to it effectively will
also help you bring a fast speech rate down as well as helping you to
emphasize your main points clearly.

8. How to Speak Clearly

If you are a mumble merchant you'll have people constantly asking you
to repeat yourself because they don't understand what you're saying.
Blurring your words or running them together blocks communication.

To stop it you need to enunciate or articulate clearly. That means using

the tip of the tongue, the teeth and the lips to shape the sounds of a
word cleanly. This public speaking exercise, old fashioned tongue
twisters, is designed to do just that.

Start slowly and carefully making sure each word is pronounced crisply
and then practice going faster and faster.

Here's a couple to begin with.

Red leather, yellow leather...

Red lorry, yellow lorry...

You know New York,

You need New York,
You know you need unique New York.

More articulation practice

You'll find a whole lot more on this page of diction exercises.

Each focuses on different sound or letter combinations. Choose the ones

you know you need to practice and have fun!
9. Body Language

What you actually say in your speech is only part of your total

communication package. What makes up the rest of it is what you
say non-verbally with your body.

To be a more effective speaker the non-verbal communication (what you

do with your body while you are speaking) needs to actively complement
your speech. In other words, they need to work together harmoniously!

To look confident as well as sounding confident, practice standing tall, on

both feet, in an 'at ease' position. Let your shoulders relax and breathe
fully.

You can practice standing tall anywhere - in a supermarket queue, at

home or at work. Feel the difference it makes. Become aware of how
empowering it is to have your head held high, to have your shoulders
relaxed, to be standing on both feet.

Once you know how good and strong that feels as soon as you catch
yourself slumping or hunching your shoulders, you can easily reverse it.
This is one of those public speaking exercises which will deliver benefits
to all aspects of your life.

More about body language

Click the link to find out more about body language and how to use or
interpret it.
 10. What could go wrong?

A competent speaker plans ahead. They will have thought through as

many possible angles of their presentation as they can. In doing so they
will have identified the areas that could go wrong and will have taken
steps to correct them BEFORE they happen in reality.

So what could go side-ways in your presentation?

Are the props you are planning to use suitable?

 Can everyone see them easily?

 If you hand them around while you are talking will that disrupt and
distract from your speech?
 Would it be better to wait until you've finished?

Are you giving a power point presentation?

Have you checked all the gear in the room you're going to use it in?

Do you know the name of the person who is going to introduce you and
where you going to meet them before your talk?

Go through your entire speech presentation looking at it from a 'what

could go wrong' angle. For each possibility you discover, make a plan to
meet it.

Thorough planning and preparation reduces the possibility of everything

turning to chaos. Deciding to 'wing it' increases it.
The time is now

Don't wait until you need to give a speech to begin practicing any of
these public speaking exercises. They'll deliver benefits inall areas of your
life - more confidence, more conscious control over how you present
yourself.

Yes, public speaking exercises are good for you!

- Click for 5 more fun-filled public speaking activities!

- Or for 7 seriously silly but good public speaking games

Tricks and Techniques for Speech Delivery

Author: Jill Torrey Emmons

Time: 2 periods

Preparation 10 minutes
Time:
Materials: Stop watch, notes on
overhead

 
Abstract
The average American fears public speaking more than he fears death. The
same can be said for most students. But public speaking doesn’t have to strike
terror into the ninth grade heart. This lesson will help students confront and
overcome their fears, while polishing their speaking skills using the POAM
method. They will also have time in class to begin composing short persuasive
speeches on issues that interest them. These speeches will be presented on
the following day. This exercise will provide excellent practice for the students’
final project presentations, and must include at least one of the three
persuasive appeals.

Purpose – The goal of this lesson is to allow students to apply what they have
learned about persuasion and speech presentation to create their own
speeches.

Objectives
Students will be able to:

1. Write and deliver a short persuasive speech using the POAM method.
2. Incorporate one of the three persuasive appeals into a written speech.

National English Education Standard

Students adjust their use of spoken, written, and visual language (e.g.,
conventions, style, vocabulary) to communicate effectively with a variety of
audiences and for different purposes.

Teacher Background
Teachers should be familiar with the persuasive appeals and speech writing
techniques, such as the POAM method outlined here.

Resource Websites
http://www.webenglishteacher.com/speech.html
http://www.speechgems.com/persuaders.html
 

Embedded
Activity Assessment
Day One
1. Before students enter the classroom, write the following question on the On day one, the students
board: “How do you feel about public speaking?” Allow students to think may be assessed as
about and write down their responses to this question, and after about 5 they begin to plan and
minutes select some class members to share their thoughts. Students are write their speeches. On
generally comforted knowing that their peers have some of the same day two, each student’s
concerns about public speaking that they do. Discuss some of these speech should be
concerns. When is it hardest to give a speech? In what situations is it easier evaluated for correct use
to speak in public? Students may point out that when they are speaking in of the POAM method
front of people they know and are comfortable with, speech delivery is and inclusion of a
easier. For others, it may be the exact opposite, and they prefer speaking in persuasive appeal (logic,
front of strangers. emotion, ethics).

2. Explain to the class that many people experience anxiety before speaking
in front of a group and that it is a common fear. Most people worry over
delivering a speech when they are unprepared or unfamiliar with the material
they are presenting. Tell the class that in preparation for their final projects,
which will be presented the following week, they are going to prepare and
deliver 90-second speeches to help them feel comfortable with public
speaking. To help them prepare and deliver these speeches, we will be
using the POAM method.

3. Have students copy down the following information into their notes:

Writing and Delivering Speeches with the P.O.A.M. Method

POAM stands for the four steps of speech writing and delivery: preparation,
organization, articulation, and maintaining eye contact.

 Preparation
1. Carefully select and research your topic
2. Practice your speech with a real audience, and adjust for timing
 Organization
3. Be sure you have a clear beginning, middle, and end
4. Order your ideas in a clear, logical way
 Articulation
5. Pronounce words carefully and correctly
6. Avoid monotone and moderate your pacing (speed)
7. Remember your target audience
 Maintaining eye contact
8. Look up often at your audience

As students are copying the above notes, explain each step of the POAM
process, adding any other details and suggestions you wish. This is a simple
method of speech presentation that should not be too difficult for students to
master. As ninth graders, many students will not have had much practice
with speech delivery, which is why this lesson is so important. Take some
time to discuss ways of overcoming stage fright with the students by asking
for ideas and brainstorming as a whole class.

4. Tell the class that they will be performing short persuasive speeches in
class the following day. They will only have 90 seconds to present their
speech. Ask the students to brainstorm a list of possible topics for their
speeches, such as:

 Should the school day begin an hour earlier or later? Why or why
not?
 Should freshmen be allowed to go off campus at lunch? Why or why
not?
 Should students be required to wear uniforms at our school? Why or
why not?

Remind the students that they should use at least one of the three appeals in
their speeches (logic, emotion, or ethics) and that they must take a definite
stand on their issue. The goal is to persuade their audience that their view is
correct, or at least has merit. The rest of the hour may be spent on
preparation and writing of speeches. Remind the students to practice their
speeches for timing, as they will have only 90 seconds.

Day Two
1. At the beginning of class, give students 5-10 minutes to make the final
preparations for delivering their speeches. You may allow some students to
 go out into the hall to practice.

2. Call students up randomly to present their short speeches. Make sure you
allow only 90 seconds per speech by using the stopwatch. Take notes as
each student presents for evaluation purposes. Specifically look for the use
of persuasive elements in student speeches.

Closure
Depending on your class size, you may have time for critique in between
speeches. Immediate feedback is always best for improving student work,
but some students may prefer that you not give your critique in front of their
peers. Instead, have the class try to identify what persuasive appeal the
speaker was using. Remember to give praise and offer constructive criticism.

Homework
On day one, students will need to finish composing and practicing their short
persuasive speeches at home.