Dow Performance Solvents
– Your Choice of Coalescent in Waterborne Coatings
www.dowsolvents.com
Dow Performance Solvents has a solvent
solution for your waterborne coating needs.
The coatings industry is transforming from delivering conventional solvent borne formulations to environmentally
friendly waterborne formulations. To meet these needs, Dow has a broad range of Performance Solvents products that
provide today’s paint formulators with a wide range of low-odor, low-VOC options to enhance the performance of
waterborne coatings. Dow’s P-Series glycol ethers, which are sold under the trade name DOWANOL™ and DALPAD™,
and E-Series glycol ethers, which are sold under the trade name CELLOSOLVE™ and CARBITOL™, feature powerful
coalescing efficiency, resulting in excellent film formation with very low VOC content.
Table 1: Dow Performance Solvents Typically Used as Coalescent in Waterborne Coatings
Boiling Evaporation Surface Water Solubility Hansen Solubility Parameter
Products Point Rate Tension (wt% in water VOC or Not?*
(ºC) (BuAc=100) (dynes/cm) @ 25ºC) Delta D Delta P Delta H
DOWANOL™ DPM 190 3.5 28.8 Miscible 15.5 4.0 10.3 Y
DOWANOL™ PnP 149 21 25.4 Miscible 15.4 5.6 12.0 Y
DOWANOL™ DPnP 213 1.4 27.8 19.6 15.0 2.9 9.2 Y
DOWANOL™ PnB 171 9.3 27.5 5.5 14.9 4.2 10.7 Y
DOWANOL™ DPnB 230 0.6 28.4 4.5 14.8 2.5 8.7 Y
DALPAD™ C 274 0.04 29.7 4.5 14.8 1.7 7.9 Non-VOC
Hexyl CARBITOL™ 259 <1 29.2 2.0 16.0 6.0 10.0 Non-VOC
* Based on the definition that VOC is an organic compound having an initial boiling point of less than or
equal to 250ºC measured at a standard pressure of 101.3 kPa.
Figure 1 – MFFT Reduction for Waterborne
Low odor
Wood Coatings Resin
Odor of decorative coatings is becoming one of the top
concerns for consumers. Dow Performance Solvents MFFT of ROSHIELD™ 3188ER* with Different Coalescing Agents
enable you to minimize the odor of coatings without 45
DOWANOL™ DPM
compromising performance. Hexyl CARBITOL™ and 40
DOWANOL™ PnB
35
DALPAD™ C have extremely low odor compared to DOWANOL™ PnP
30
some coalescents used in architectural coatings.
MFFT (ºC)
DOWANOL™ DPnP
25
DOWANOL™ DPnB
20
Excellent Coalescing Efficiency 15
10
Dow Performance Solvents are highly efficient
5
coalescents for waterborne wood coatings and 0
architectural coatings. This can be illustrated by the 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
degree to which it reduces the Minimum Film Forming Concentration (wt% based on latex)
Temperature (MFFT) of binders. The effects of various
* ROSHIELD™ 3188ER is a self-crosslinking acrylic emulsion produced
Dow Performance Solvents on MFFT are shown in
by DOW for sanding sealers and clear topcoats over wood.
Figure 1 and Figure 2.
Figure 2 – MFFT Reduction for Architectural Coatings Resin
MFFT of ROSHIELD™ 662* with Different Coalescing Agents
12
DOWANOL™ DPnB
DALPAD™ C
10
Hexyl CARBITOL™
COASOL™
Versatile Evaporation Rate
8
Dow’s broad line of Performance Solvents offers
MFFT (ºC)
UCAR™ Filmer IBT
6 versatile evaporation rates. You can achieve the correct
evaporation rate for your operating conditions by
4
choosing one or more of Dow’s Performance Solvents
2 products.
0
0.0% 0.5% 1.0% 1.5% 2.0% 2.5% 3.0% Figure 3 – Evaporation Rate of Dow’s Performance Solvents
Concentration (wt% based on latex)
Evaporation Rate of Different Coalescing Agents (25ºC, 70%RH)
* ROVACE™ 662 is a vinyl-acrylic copolymer emulsion produced by 100
DOW used as a versatile binder for coatings. 90
80
70
Evaporated (wt%) 60
50
DOWANOL™ PnP
40
DOWANOL™ PnB
30
DOWANOL™ DPM
20
DOWANOL™ DPnP
10
DOWANOL™ DPnB
0
0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 120000 140000
Time (seconds)
Anti-Cracking Scrub Resistance
Hexyl CARBITOL™ and DALPAD™ C provide excellent Hexyl CARBITOL™ and DALPAD™ C significantly
anti-cracking properties in architectural coatings with improve the scrub resistance of indoor architectural
improved film integrity properties. paints as compared to some traditional coalescents.
Figure 4 – Anti-Cracking Performance at 5ºC Figure 5 – Scrub Resistance (According to ASTM D2486)
Hexyl CARBITOL™:~800µm DALPAD™ C:~800µm
COASOL™:~800µm UCAR™ Filmer IBT:~600µm
Dow Performance Solvents
– Your Choice of Coalescent in Waterborne Coatings
Call us to discuss how Dow Oxygenated Solvents can help you with your next application.
In the United States and Canada
Tel: 1-800-447-4369
Fax: 1-989-832-1465
In Europe
Tel: +800 3 694 6367
Toll Phone: +32 3 450 2240
Toll Fax: +32 3 450 2815
In the Pacific
Tel: +800 7776 7776 (except China)
Tel: +800 600 0015 (China)
Fax: +800 7779 7779 (except China)
Fax: +800 600 0017 (China)
In Other Global Areas
Tel: 1-989-832-1556
Fax: 1-989-832-1465
Notice: No freedom from any patent owned by Dow or others is to be inferred. Because use conditions and applicable laws may differ from one location to another and may
change with time, Customer is responsible for determining whether products and the information in this document are appropriate for Customer's use and for ensuring that
Customer's workplace and disposal practices are in compliance with applicable laws and other government enactments. The product shown in this literature may not be
available for sale and/or available in all geographies where Dow is represented. The claims made may not have been approved for use in all countries. Dow assumes no
obligation or liability for the information in this document. References to “Dow” mean the Dow legal entity selling the products to Customer unless otherwise expressly noted.
NO WARRANTIES ARE GIVEN; ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE EXPRESSLY EXCLUDED.
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The Dow Chemical Company
Published October, 2011 ®™ Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (‘Dow’) or an affiliated company of Dow Form No. 110-01212
