LINUX COMMANDS CHEAT SHEET
SYSTEM
FILE PERMISSION RELATED
uname -a uname -r uptime hostname hostname - last reboot date cal
=>Displaylinux system information =>Display kernel release information =>Show how long
the system has been running + load =>Show system host name =>Display the IP address
of the host =>Show system reboot history =>Show the current date and time =>Show this
month calendar =>Display who is online =>Who you are logged in as =>Display
information about user
chmod octal file-name =>Change t he permissions of file to octal Example
chmod 777 / data/test.c =>Set rwx permission for owner,group, world c hmod
755 /d ata/t est.c =>Set rwx permission for owner,rx for group and world chown
own er-user file =>Change owner of the file chown owner-user:owner-group
file-name =>Change owner and group
owner of the file chown owner-user:owner-group directory =>Change owner
and group
owner of the directory
whoami
finger user
NETWORK
HARDWARE
essages cat
dmesg =>Detected hardware and boot m /proc/cpuinfo =>C
PU model
cat /proc/meminfo =>Hardware memory
cat/proc/interrupts => Lists the number of interrupts per CPU per 1/0 device
Ishw =>Displays information on hardware c onfiguration of
the system
Isblk => Displays block device related information in Linux
free-m
=>Used and free memory (-m for M
B)
Ispci -tv
=>Show PCI devices
Isusb-tv =>Show USB devices dmidecode =>Show hardware info from the BIOS
hdparm -i/dev/sda =>Show info about disk sda hdparm-T /dev/ sda =>Do a read speed
test on disk sda badblocks -s /dev/ sda =
> Test for unreadable blocks on disk sda
ip addr show =>Display all network interfaces and ip address
(a iproute2 command, powerful than ifconfig) ip address add 192.168.0.1 dev etho
=>Set ip address e thtool etho => Linux tool to show ethernet status mii-tool etho =
>Linux
tool to show ethernet status ping host
=>Send echo request to test c onnection whois domain =>Get who is information for
domain dig domain =>Get DNS information for domain dig -x host => Reverse
lookup host host google.com =>Lookup DNS ip address for the name
hostname-i =>Lookup local ip address
wget file =
>Download file netstat -tupl =>Listing all active listening ports
COMPRESSION / ARCHIVES
USERS
zf file.tar.gz files gzip file
tar cf home.tar home tar xf f ile.tar tar c
=>Create tar named home.tar containing h
ome/ =>Extract the files from file.tar
=>Create a tar with gzip compression =>Compress file and renames it to file.gz
INSTALL PACKAGE
id =>Show the active user id with login and group
last =>Show last logins on t he system
ho =>Show wh
w o is logged on t he system groupadd admin => Add group
"admin" useradd -c "Sam Tomshi" =>g admin -m sam #Create user "sam" userdel
sam =>Delete user sam a dduser sam => Add user "sam"
usermod =>Modify user information
rpm -ipkgname.rpm rpm -e pkgname
=>Install rpm based package =>Remove package
INSTALL FROM SOURCE
FILE COMMANDS
Jc onfigure make make install
pwd
SEARCH
grep pattern files
=>Search for pattern in files grep -r pattern dir
=>Search recursively for pattern in dir locate file
=>Find all instances of file find /home/tom -name 'index* =>Find files names that
start with "index" find /h
ome-size +10000k => Find files larger than 10000k in /home
LOGIN (SSH AND TELNET)
irectories
Is-al =>Display all information about files/ d
=>Show the path of current directory mkdir directory-name =>Create a directory
irectory-nam =>Delete directory recursively
rm file-name =>Delete file rm -r d
rm -f file-name => Forcefully remove file rm -rf directory-name =>Forcefully remove
directory recursively cp file 1 file2 =>Copy file1 to file2
cp -r dir1 dir2 =>Copy dir1 to dir2, create dir2 if it doesn't exist
mv file 1 file2 => Rename source to dest/move source to directory In -s /path/to/file-name
link-name__ #Create symbolic link t o file-name
touch file =>Create or update file
cat > file =>Place standard input into file more file
=>Output contents of file
head file =>Output first 10 lines of file
tail file =>Output last 10 lines of file
tail -f file =>Output contents of file as it grows starting with the last
10 lines
Decrypt file
gpg -c file =>Encrypt file gpg file.gpg =>
WC =>print the number of bytes, wor
ds, and lines in files
xargs => Execute command lines from standard input PROCESS RELATED
ssh user@host ssh -p port u
ser@h
ost telnet host
=>Connect to host as user =>Connect to host using specific port =>Connect to the
system using telnet port
FILE TRANSFER
scp scp r2:/ tmp =>Secure copy file.txt to remote host /tmp folder rsync
file.txt serve
rsync -a /home/apps/backup/ =>Synchronize source to destination
DISK USAGE
ps
=>Display your currently active processes ps aux grep 'telnet' => Find all
process id related to telnet process pmap
=>Memory map of process top
=>Display all running processes kill pid
=>Kill process with mentioned pidid killall proc
=>Kill all processes named proc pkill process-name =>Send signal t o a p
rocess with
its name bg
=>Resumes suspended jobs without bringing them to
foreground
=>Brings the most recent job to foreground fgn
=>Brings job n to the foreground
df-h
=>Show free space on mounted filesystems df -
=>Show free inodes on mounted filesystems fdisk -
=>Show disks partitions sizes and types du -ah
=>Display disk usage in human readable form du-sh
=>Display total disk usage on the current directory findmnt
int for all filesystem mount device-path mount-point
=>Displays target mount po
=>Mount a device DIRECTORY TRAVERSE
fg
cd ..
cd
=>To go up one level of the directory tree =>Go to $HOME directory =>Change to /test
directory
cd /test
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