BARASOAIN CHURCH

Barasoain Church (officially as the Our Lady of Mount Carmel Parish) is

a Roman Catholic church built in 1888[1] in Malolos, Bulacan. It is about
42 kilometers away from Manila. Having earned the title as the "Cradle
of Democracy in the East, the most important religious building in the
Philippines",[3] and the site of the First Philippine Republic, the church
is proverbial for its historical importance among Filipinos.
The term "Barasoain" was derived from Barásoain in Navarre, Spain to
which the missionaries found the place in Malolos in striking similarity.
When the Filipino revolution broke out, the Spanish authorities coined
the term "baras ng suwail," which means "dungeon of the defiant"
because the church was a meeting place for anti-Spanish and anti-
colonial illustrados.[4]
Barasoain was known before as "Bangkal" a part of Encomienda of
Malolos integrated by Miguel Lopez de Legaspi with the town of
Calumpit in April 5, 1572. When the Augustinianfriars founded the
Town of Malolos in 1580 as independent town, Bangkal was become
villages of Malolos under the town church.
Philippine Revolution and the Malolos Congress
As tensions were brewing between the Filipino revolutionaries and
the Americans who have arrived in the country in the wake of
the Spanish–American War, the Philippine Revolutionary Government
under the leadership of Emilio Aguinaldo decided to move the capital
north from Cavite to Malolos in Bulacan. Plans were made to write a
new constitution for the soon to be proclaimed Philippine Republic;
Barasoain Church was chosen to be the site of the First Philippine
Congress, otherwise known as the Malolos Congress, which convened
on September 15, 1898 to draft what would become the Malolos
Constitution.
On January 21, 1899, the Malolos Constitution was ratified. This paved
way for the formal inauguration of the First Philippine Republic on
January 23, 1899)[6] with Emilio Aguinaldo taking oath as president.
But the outbreak of the Philippine-American War on February 4
brought the republic into a crisis. The Malolos Congress held its last
session on the last week of February as the Aguinaldo government left
Malolos and transferred the capital to Nueva Ecija.
On March 31, 1899, the American forces captured Malolos and
Barasoain as they were placed under American control.

FORT SANTIAGO
Fort Santiago (Spanish: Fuerte de Santiago; Filipino: Moóg ng Santiago)
is a citadel first built by Spanish conquistador, Miguel López de
Legazpi for the new established city of Manila in the Philippines. The
defense fortress is part of the structures of the walled city of Manila
referred to as Intramuros.
The fort is one of the most important historical sites in Manila. Several
lives were lost in its prisons during the Spanish Colonial
Periodand World War II. José Rizal, one of the Philippine national
heroes, was imprisoned here before his execution in 1896. The Rizal
Shrinemuseum displays memorabilia of the hero in their collection and
the fort features, embedded onto the ground in bronze, his footsteps
representing his final walk from his cell to the location of the actual
execution.
It is only a few meters away from the Manila Cathedral and the Palacio
del Gobernador (lit. Governor's Palace, currently the office of
the Commission on Elections).
The fort was named after Saint James (Santiago in Spanish), the patron
saint of Spain, who is also known as Saint James the Muslim-slayer
because of the legend that he miraculously appeared hundreds of years
after his death to fight in the battle of Clavijo, whose relief adorns
the façade of the front gate.[1][2] It is located at the mouth of the Pasig
River and served as the premier defense fortress of the Spanish
Government during their rule of the country. It became a main fort for
the spice trade to the Americas and Europe for 333 years. The Manila
Galleon trade to Acapulco, Mexico began from the Fuerte de Santiago

KALANTIAW SHRINE
Datu Kalantiaw (Rajah Bendahara Kalantiaw) (sometimes
spelled Kalantiao) was once considered an important part of Philippine
history as the one who created the first legal code in the Philippines,
known as the Code of Kalantiaw in 1433. Kalantiaw's name first
appeared in print in July 1913 in an article entitled "Civilización
prehispana" published in the Philippine news-magazine Renacimiento
Filipino. The article mentioned 16 laws enacted by King Kalantiaw in
1433 and a fort that he built at Gagalangin, Negros, which was
destroyed by an earthquake in the year A.D. 435 (not 1435).

Silay, officially the City of Silay (Hiligaynon: Dakbanwa/Syudad sang

Silay), is a 3rd class city in the province of Negros
Occidental, Philippines. According to the 2015 census, it has a
population of 126,930 people.[3]
It is part of the metropolitan area called Metro Bacolod, which includes
the cities of Bacolod (the metropolitan center) and Talisay.[4]It has a
sizable commercial and fishing port and is the site of the new Bacolod-
Silay International Airport, which replaced the old Bacolod City
Domestic Airport.
Silay is often referred to as the "Paris of Negros"[5] due to its artists,
cultural shows and large collection of perfectly preserved heritage
houses. More than thirty of these houses have been declared by
the National Historical Commission of the Philippines as part of the
Silay National Historical Landmark. This 2018, the city will celebrate its
61st charter anniversary.
The appellation Silay is derived from the name of a native tree which
grew abundantly in the area. The kansilay is the city's official tree.
The legend of Princess Kansilay
A local legend tells of how Silay City got its name. It is said that in the
days of the datus and rajahs, there once lived a princess named
Kansilay. An attack on the settlement by pirates was thwarted when the
princess bravely led the people in the village's defense. The fight was
furious and the princess fought like a seasoned warrior. Murals that
used to grace some of the city's public buildings depict her as a fierce
fighter wielding a huge talibong, a short native single-edged sword. The
pirates were routed, but at the cost of the princess' life. Her paramour
arrived in time to see her die. In grief, the people lovingly buried her. To
their surprise, a tree grew right over her grave, the first Kansilay tree, a
final gift from the brave princess.
OLD TOWN OF DAPITAN
With the enactment of the R.A. No. 10066 - National Cultural Heritage
Act of 2009 last year, a new designation for built heritage was created:
the Heritage Zone or Historic Center. On May 24, 2011, the National
Historical Commission of the Philippines declared its first Heritage
Zone, the Old Town of Dapitan, through Resolution No. 03, s. 2011, in
time for the 150th Birth Anniversary of Dr. Jose Rizal.

The NHCP, in its resolution, notes that "Dapitan is one of the oldest

settlements in Northern Mindanao inhabited by Subanens" and
that "according to Horacio de la Costa, S.J., the Dapitan mission was
founded by Pedro Gutierrez, S.J. (in) 1629."
TOROGAN HOUSE
Torogan (lit. "resting place" or "sleeping place"), is a traditional house
built by the Maranao people of Lanao, Mindanao, Philippines.[1] A
torogan was a symbol of high social status. Such a residence was once a
home to a sultan or Datu in the Maranao community. Nowadays,
concrete houses are found all over Maranaw communities, but there
remain torogans a hundred years old. The best-known are in Dayawan
and Marawi City, and around Lake Lanao.
A torogan is elevated above the ground by columns cut from trees of
huge girth. Its walls are covered with plywood sticks and the roof
thatched with dried coconut leaves. There is no interior partition, so it
appears as a huge hall. Apart from the basic elements of this structure,
it is intricately engraved with the flowing geometries of the Maranaw
design system called okir. A torogan is not complete without the
legendary bird Sarimanok being displayed inside. Furniture is also
common among Maranaws.
The Kawayan Torogan, built by Sultan sa Kawayan Makaantal in Bubung
Malanding, Marantao, Lanao del Sur, the last remaining habitable
torogan, was declared as a National Cultural Treasure by the National
Museum of the Philippines in 2008.[2]
There are also existing torogans in various locations in Lanao such as
the Dayawan Torogan of Marawi and Laguindab Torogan of Ganassi. All
are in need of massive funding for their rehabilitation. These collection
of torogans from various towns in Lanao are being pushed to be
included in the tentative list of the Philippines in the UNESCO World
Heritage List.