GEE5 (Living in The IT Era) 2/20/2020
HOW COMPUTERS WORK
COMPUTERS IN • Computers are made up of CPU (central processing
unit), memory (storage devices), input and output
OUR DAILY LIFE devices.
• Computers cannot understand us since we are
using human/natural language but they use
GEE5 LIVING IN THE IT ERA machine languages and one of which is:
MR. MELVIR SUCALDITO • Binary language – a machine language that uses
only 1 and 0 for communication and
representation for decimal numbers, letters and
special characters
1 2
HOW COMPUTERS WORK HOW COMPUTERS WORK
Example:
BINARY LANGUAGE
• Computer Program (Software) – also HUMAN LANGUAGE
known as code, written instructions that a 01100011 01101111
01101101 01110000
computer can understand so that it can 01110101 01110100 COMPUTER
perform a certain task; the act of writing 01100101 01110010
programs is called programming or coding The input data from keyboard, it will be processed by the CPU and
• Programmers – people who write convert it to binary language that the machine can understand and
programs, usually IT or software experts then converted back to characters when displayed on the
monitor/screen.
3 4
Melvir Sucaldito 1
GEE5 (Living in The IT Era) 2/20/2020
HOW COMPUTERS COMMUNICATE WITH ONE ANOTHER HOW COMPUTERS CONNECT TO OTHER COMPUTERS
• Different components of computer use different ways to connect to • A computer can be connected with another computer with or without wires.
certain devices. E.g. a wire is connected from CPU to the monitor • Computer Network – an interconnection of two or more computers and has the
• System Bus – a pathway composed of cables and connectors used capability to share information and resources
to carry data from a computer’s peripheral devices (keyboard, • Personal Area Network (PAN) – often limited to an individual person’s devices usually in a
range of 10 m, can be wired or wireless
mouse, etc.) to the CPU and the main memory
• Local Area Network (LAN) – connection of group of computers and other devices sharing
a common communication line within a certain area such as a building (school or
SYSTEM BUS company); usually restrictive to users
• Wide Area Network (WAN) – can be made up of several LANs and PANs; may be less
restrictive than LAN; synonymous to internet
5 6
HOW COMPUTERS CONNECT TO OTHER COMPUTERS HOW HUMANS COMMUNICATE WITH COMPUTERS
Methods of Communication • Through computer software, humans are able to
• Wired Communication – uses cables, wires and lines for connection to communicate with the computer.
a given network (ex: USB-Universal Serial Bus; Ethernet cable; HDMI- • System Software – also known as operating system (OS);
High Definition Multimedia Interface; 15-pin VGA-Video Graphics most important software running on a computer since it
Array; PS/2; Audio jacks) manages the computer’s memory and instructions and has
• Wireless Communication – include microwave transmission, satellite the ability to control all connected hardware and installed
communication, cellular transmission and radio transmission software (ex: Microsoft’s Windows and Apple’s macOS)
• WI-FI – uses radio waves to wirelessly transmit information across a network; • Application Software –programs designed for specific
majority of users use mobile devices such as tablets, laptops and smartphones
tasks for users (ex: MS Office Word, Excel and Powerpoint;
• Bluetooth – uses radio waves for connection (pairing), usually within 10 meters
Adobe Acrobat Reader; Any.do)
7 8
Melvir Sucaldito 2
GEE5 (Living in The IT Era) 2/20/2020
HOW COMPUTERS IMPACT EVERYDAY LIFE HOW COMPUTERS IMPACT EVERYDAY LIFE
• The advent of technologies, e.g. computers, has changed the lives of people and • Banking – made banking transactions around the world
can be used in various fields. easier and more secure (ATM-automated teller machine, pay
• Education – basic education and higher education institutions (HEIs) have by phone system, electronic und transfer, etc.). It also includes
computers in their classrooms and offices. E-learning is an emerging tool for 24-hr electronic banking services via personal online banking.
communication between teachers and students (ex: Edmodo, Google
classrooms, Blackboard, Moodle, Coursesites, etc.). • Workforce Industry – computers are used to expedite
• For teachers, they can do research and enhance their teaching materials. They production planning and control systems, support chain
can also use online tools to have alternative classes. They can join online for management and facilitate product design. Machines that are
conferences and learning tools to develop their knowledge in certain topics. fully computer-operated are now being used. Some of the
• For students, they can use it as a source of references. It enables them to large companies that implement ICT include Toyota Phil,
communicate and collaborate with their peers even at home. Honda Phil and San Miguel Corp.
• For school administrators, they can use it to run operations proficiently. They • Threat to assembly-line and factory workers as robots and
can also access documents and files through server. machines take over their jobs.
9 10
HOW COMPUTERS IMPACT EVERYDAY LIFE
• Electronic Commerce (e-commerce) – made buying and
selling activities more easier, more efficient and faster.
Customers and sellers do not need to meet physically. JOBS AT RISK OF
Suppliers can track their transactions via online. AUTOMATION
• Hospitals – help both patients, doctors and hospital Retrieved from
administrators. Patients’ database are more efficient and https://www.economist.com/gr
aphic-detail/2018/04/24/a-
can be access online. Doctors can use ICT products for study-finds-nearly-half-of-jobs-
research, faster diagnosis and treatment. Patients can assure are-vulnerable-to-automation
less medical errors in diagnosis, testing and treatment (blood
test, urine test, brain test, ultrasound, echocardiography,
mammography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), X-rays,
bone density study, body scanning, etc.)
11 12
Melvir Sucaldito 3
GEE5 (Living in The IT Era) 2/20/2020
THANK YOU! :D
13
Melvir Sucaldito 4
