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ALLIGATION OR MIXTURE
1. In what ratio must Basmati rice at Rs93 per kg be mixed with Basmati rice at Rs108 per kg so that the
mixture be worth Rs100 per kg?
(a) 7 : 8 (b) 8 : 7 (c) 31 : 36 (d) 36 : 31
2. In what ratio must wheat at Rs32 per kg be mixed with wheat at Rs29 per kg so that the mixture be
worth Rs30.80 per kg?
(a) 4 : 3 (b) 3 : 4 (c) 2 : 3 (d) 3 : 2
3. A merchant has 1000 kg of sugar, part of which he sells at 8% profit and the rest at 18% profit. He
gains 14% on the whole. The quantity sold at 18% profit is:
(a) 640 kg (b) 600 kg (c) 560 kg (d) 400 kg
4. A sum of Rs31200 was divided among 100 boys and girls in such a way that each boy gets Rs360 and
each girl Rs240. The number of girls is:
(a) 35 (b) 40 (c) 60 (d) 65
5. A mixture of 20 kg of spirit and water contains 10% water. How much water must be added to this
mixture to raise the percentage of water to 25%?
(a) 4 kg (b) 5 kg (c) 8 kg (d) 30 kg
6. In a mixture of 60 liters, the ratio of milk and water is 2 : 1. If the ratio of the milk and water is to
be 1 : 2, then the amount of water to be further added is:
(a) 20 liters (b) 30 liters (c) 40 liters (d) 60 liters

PERCENTAGE
1. 45% of ? + 30% of 90 = 30% of 210
(a) 120 (b) 90 (c) 80 (d) 60
2. Calculation shows that an angle is 37½0. The size obtained by drawing and measurement is 360. The
error percent is:
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
3. If 90% of A = 30% of B and B = x% of A, then x is equal to:
(a) 900 (b) 800 (c) 600 (d) 300
4. A person spends 40% of his salary on food articles and one-third of the remaining on transport. If he
saves Rs4500 per month which is half of the balance after spending on food items and transport,
what is monthly salary?
(a) Rs45,000 (b) Rs25,000 (c) Rs22,500 (d) Rs20,000
5. From a container having pure milk, 20% is replaced by water and the process is repeated thrice. At
the end of the third operation, the milk is:
(a) 40% pure (b) 50% pure (c) 51.2% pure (d) 58.8% pure
6. The salaries of A and B together amount to Rs20000. A spends 95% of his salary and B, 85% of his. If
now, their savings are the same, what is A’s salary?
(a) Rs16,000 (b) Rs15,000 (c) Rs12,500 (d) Rs7,500
7. 300 grams of sugar solution has 40% sugar in it. How much sugar should be added to make it 50% in
the solution?
(a) 10 grams (b) 40 grams (c) 60 grams (d) 80 grams
8. The price of an article is cut by 20%. To restore it to the former value, the new price must be
increased by:
(a) 20% (b) 24% (c) 25% (d) 30%
9. In a school, (1/5)th of girls and (1/4)th of boys are under 12 years of age. If the total strength of the
school is 1000 and the number of girls is (2/5)th of the total, what part of the total strength of the
school is accounted for by those which are 12 years or more of age?

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(a) 23% (b) 45% (c) 55% (d) 77%
10. Two numbers are less than a third number by 30% and 37% respectively. How much percent is the
second number less than the first?
(a) 10% (b) 7% (c) 4% (d) 3%
11. 5% of income of A is equal to 15% of income of B and 10% of income of B is equal to 20% of income of
C. If income of C is Rs20,000, then total income of A, B and C is:
(a) Rs1,40,000 (b) Rs1,60,000 (c) Rs1,80,000 (d) Rs2,00,000
12. In an examination, A got 10% marks less than B, B got 25% marks more than C and C got 20% less than
D. If A got 360 marks out of 500, the percentage of marks obtained by D was:
(a) 70 (b) 75 (c) 80 (d) 85
13. Andy spends 75% of his income. His income is increased by 20% and he increased his expenditure by
10%. His savings are increased by:
(a) 10% (b) 25% (c) 37½% (d) 50%
14. There are 600 boys in a college. Each plays either hockey or football or both. If 75% play hockey and
45% play football, how many plays both?
(a) 48 (b) 60 (c) 80 (d) 120
15. In a certain office, 72% of the workers prefer tea and 44% prefer coffee. If each of them prefers tea
or coffee and 40 like both. Find the total number of workers in the office?
(a) 200 (b) 240 (c) 250 (d) 320
16. The boys and girls in a college are in the ratio 3 : 2. If 20% of the boys and 25% of the girls are adults,
find the percentage of students who are not adults:
(a) 58% (b) 67.5% (c) 78% (d) 82.5%
17. A’s income is 25% more than B’s income. B’s income in terms of A’s income is:
(a) 75% (b) 80% (c) 90% (d) 96%
18. On increasing the price of TV sets by 30%, their sales decreases by 20%. What is the effect on the
revenue receipts of the shop?
(a) 4% increase (b) 4% decrease (c) 8% increase (d) 8%
decrease
19. A man spends 75% of his income. His income increases by 20% and he increased his expenditure by
15%. His savings are then increased by:
(a) 33% (b) 33.33% (c) 35% (d) 40%
20. The population of a village is 18,000. It increases by 10% during first year and by 20% during the
second year. The population after 2 years will be:
(a) 19800 (b) 21600 (c) 23760 (d) 25400
21. The length and breadth of a square are increased by 40% and 30% respectively. The area of the
resulting rectangle exceeds the area of the square by:
(a) 42% (b) 62% (c) 70% (d) 82%
22. The length of a rectangle is increased by 60%. By what percent would the width have to be decreased
to maintain the same area?
(a) 37.5% (b) 42.5% (c) 60% (d) 75%
23. A cricket team won 40% of the total number of matches it played during a year. If it lost 50% of the
matches played and 20 matches were drawn, find the total number of matches played by the team
during the year?
(a) 200 (b) 100 (c) 50 (d) 40
24. In a market survey, 20% opted for product A whereas 60% opted for product B. The remaining
individuals were not certain. If the difference between those who opted for product B and those who
were uncertain was 720, how many individuals were covered in the survey?
(a) 3600 (b) 2000 (c) 1800 (d) 1440
25. A school has only three classes which contain 40, 50 and 60 students respectively. The pass
percentages of these classes are 10, 20 and 10 respectively. Find the pass percentage of the school?
(a) 13.33% (b) 15 (c) 16.66% (d) 20%

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26. The quantity of water (in ml) needed to reduce 9 ml shaving lotion containing 50% alcohol to a lotion
containing 30% alcohol, is:
(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 7
27. In an examination, 80% of the students passed in English, 85% in Mathematics and 75% in both English
and Mathematics. If 40 students failed in both the subjects, find the total number of students?
(a) 200 (b) 400 (c) 600 (d) 800

TIME & DISTANCE

1. A train 120 meters long travels at 60 km/hr. A man is running at 6 km/hr in the same direction in
which the train is going. The train will cross the man in:
(a) 5 seconds (b) 6 seconds (c) 7 seconds (d) 8 seconds
2. A train 270 meters long is moving at a speed of 25 km/hr. It will cross a man coming from the
opposite direction at a speed of 2 km/hr in:
(a) 36 sec (b) 32 sec (c) 28 sec (d) 24 sec
3. A train 150 meters long crosses a man walking at a speed of 6 km/hr in the opposite direction in 6
seconds. Find the speed of the train?
(a) 66 km/hr (b) 84 km/hr (c) 96 km/hr (d) 106 km/hr
4. A train 120 meters long passes a standing man in 5 seconds. How long will it take to cross a bridge
180 meters long?
(a) 3 sec (b) 6 sec (c) 7½ sec (d) 12½ sec
5. A train 100 meters long completely crosses a bridge 300 meters long in 30 seconds. How many
seconds will it take to pass a telegraph pole?
(a) 10 sec (b) 9 sec (c) 7½ sec (d) 6 sec
6. Two trains 90 meters and 120 meters long are running in opposite directions, one at the rate of 48
km/hr and another one at the rate of 60 km/hr. From the moment they meet, they will cross each
other in:
(a) 6 sec (b) 7 sec (c) 8 sec (d) 9 sec
7. A train of length 150 meters, takes 10 seconds to pass over another train 100 meters long coming
from the opposite direction. If the speed of the first train be 30 km/hr, then the speed of the second
train is:
(a) 36 km/hr (b) 54 km/hr (c) 60 km/hr (d) 72 km/hr
8. Two trains travelling in the same direction at 40 km/hr and 22 km/hr completely pass one another in
1 minute. If the length of the first train is 125 meters, the length of the second train is:
(a) 125 meters (b) 150 meters (c) 175 meters (d) 200
meters

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PARTNERSHIP

Introduction: Sometimes two or more than two persons agree to run a business jointly. They are called
partners and the deal is known as partnership.
i. When capitals of all the partners are invested for the same time, the gains or losses in the business
are divided among the partners in the ratio of their investments.
ii. When capitals of partners are invested for different time, then equivalent capitals are obtained for 1
unit of time by multiplying the capital with the number of units. The gains or losses are now divided
among partners in the ratio of these capitals.
iii. A partner who manages the business is called a working partner while the one who simply invests
money but does not look after the business is called a sleeping partner.
EXERCISE
1. 4 (A’s capital) = 6 (B’s capital) = 9 (C’s capital). Then the ratio of their capitals is:
(a) 4 : 6 : 9 (b) 12 : 15 : 20 (c) 9 : 6 : 4 (d) 6 : 8 : 10
2. A and B start a business with initial investments in the ratio 12 : 11 and their annual profits were in
the ratio 4 : 1. If A invested the money for 11 months, B invested the money for
(a) 3 months (b) 4 months (c) 5 months (d) 6 months
3. A, B and C started a shop by investing Rs 27000, Rs 81000 and Rs 72000 respectively. At the end of
one year, the profit was distributed. If B’s share was Rs 36000, their total profit was:
(a) Rs 1,16,000 (b) Rs 1,08,000 (c) Rs 80,000 (d) Rs 76,000
4. A and B enter into partnership investing Rs 1,20,000 and Rs 1,60,000 respectively. After 8 months, C
also joins the business with a capital of Rs 1,50,000. Find the share of C in a profit of Rs 4,56,000
after 2 years:
(a) Rs 1,20,000 (b) Rs 1,44,000 (c) Rs 1,92,000 (d)Rs 2,12,000
5. A invested Rs 3,00,000 for a year and B joined him with Rs 2,00,000 after 4 months. After the year
they received a return of Rs 2,60,000. B’ share is:
(a) Rs 80,000 (b) Rs 75000 (c) Rs 60,000 (d) Rs 50,000
6. A started a business with Rs 3,00,000 and 4 months later B joined. If at the end of the year, the
profits are divided by A and B in the proportion of 9 : 4. Find B’s capital?
(a) Rs 1,80,000 (b) Rs 2,00,000 (c) Rs 2,20,000 (d)Rs 2,50,000
7. A, B and C contract a work for Rs 55,000. Together A and B are to do (7/11) of the work. What is C’s
share?
(a) Rs 40,000 (b) Rs 30,000 (c) Rs 20,000 (d) Rs 10,000
8. A invested Rs 3,00,000 for one year in a business. How much B should invest in order that the profit
after 1 year may divided in the ratio 2 : 3?
(a) Rs 2,00,000 (b) Rs 3,00,000 (c) Rs 4,50,000 (d) Rs
6,00,000
9. M got Rs 60,000 as his share out of the total profit of Rs 90,000 which M and R earned at the end of
one year. If M invested Rs 2,00,000 for 6 months, whereas R invested his amount for the whole year,
the amount invested by R was:
(a) Rs 6,00,000 (b) Rs 4,00,000 (c) Rs 1,00,000 (d) Rs 50,000
10. A, B and C entered into partnership. A invested some money at the beginning; B invested double the
amount after 6 months and C invested thrice the amount after 8 months. If the annual profit be Rs
1,80,000, find C’s share?
(a) Rs 50,000 (b) Rs 60,000 (c) Rs 72,000 (d) Rs 75,000

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11. A is a working and B, a sleeping partner in a business. A puts in Rs 1,20,000 and B Rs 2,00,000. A
receives 10% of the profit for managing, the rest being divided in proportion to their capitals. Out of
a total profit of Rs 96000, the money received by A is:
(a) Rs 32,400 (b) Rs 36,000 (c) Rs 42,000 (d) Rs 45,000
12. In a partnership, A invested (1/6) of the capital for (1/6) of the time, B invested (1/3) of the capital
for (1/3) of the time and C, the rest of the capital for the whole time. Out of a profit of Rs 46,000,
B’s share is:
(a) Rs 6500 (b) Rs 8000 (c) Rs 9600 (d) Rs 10,000

CHAIN RULE
The method of finding the fourth proportional when the other three are given is called Simple Proportion or
Rule of Three. Repeated use of the rule of three is called Compound Proportion.
Direct Proportion: Two quantities are said to be directly proportional if on the increase or decrease of the
one, the other increases or decreases to the same extent. For example
i. Cost of articles is directly proportional to number of articles. i.e., more articles, more cost & less
articles, less cost.
ii. The work done is directly proportional to the number of men employed to do the work. i.e., more
men, more work and less men, less work.
Indirect Proportion: Two quantities are said to be indirectly proportional if on the increase of the one, the
other decreases to the same extent and vice-versa. For example
i. Less number of days required to finish a work, more persons are to be employed.
ii. The time taken to cover a distance is inversely proportional to the speed of the car. i.e., more speed,
less is the time taken.
EXERCISE
1. If 6 men working 8 hours a day earn Rs 8400 per week, then how much 9 men working 6 hours a day
will earn per week:
(a) Rs 8,400 (b) Rs 9,450 (c) Rs 16,200 (d) Rs 16,800
2. If 300 men can do a piece of work in 16 days, how many men would do (1/5) of the work in 15 days?
(a) 56 (b) 60 (c) 64 (d) 72
3. 20 men complete one-third of a piece of work in 20 days. How many more men should be employed
to finish the rest of the work in 25 more days?
(a) 10 (b) 12 (c) 15 (d) 20
4. A contractor undertook to do a piece of work in 9 days. He employed certain number of labourers but
6 of them being absent from the very first day, the rest could finish the work in 15 days. The number
of men originally employed were:
(a) 12 (b) 15 (c) 18 (d) 24
5. A rope makes 140 rounds of the circumference of a cylinder whose radius of the base is 14 cm. How
many times can it go round a cylinder with radius 20 cm:
(a) 17 (b) 50 (c) 98 (d) 200
6. If Andy can walk a distance of 5 km in 20 minutes. How long he can go in 50 minutes?
(a) 10.5 km (b) 12 km (c) 12.5 km (d) 15 km
7. If (4/5)th of a cistern is filled in 1 minute, how much more time will be required to fill the rest of it:
(a) 20 sec (b) 15 sec (c) 12 sec (d) 10 sec

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8. If 21 cows eat that much as 15 buffaloes, how many cows will eat that much as 35 buffaloes?
(a) 45 (b) 49 (c) 56 (d) 72
9. If 20 men working together can finish a job in 20 days, then the number of days taken by 25 men of
the same capacity to finish the job is:
(a) 25 (b) 20 (c) 16 (d) 12
10. 14 pumps of equal capacity can fill a tank in 6 days. If the tank has to be filled in 4 days, the number
of extra pumps needed is:
(a) 7 (b) 14 (c) 21 (d) 28
11. If 12 carpenters, working 6 hours a day can make 460 chairs in 24 days, how many chairs will 18
carpenters make in 36 days, each working 8 hours a day?
(a) 1380 (b) 1320 (c) 1260 (d) 920
12. 400 persons working 9 hours per day complete (1/4)th of the work in 10 days. The number of
additional persons, working 8 hours per day required to complete the remaining work in 20 days, is:
(a) 675 (b) 275 (c) 250 (d) 225
13. Some persons can do a piece of work in 12 days. Two times the number of such persons will do half
of that work in:
(a) 3 days (b) 4 days (c) 6 days (d) 12 days
14. A certain number of men can finish a piece of work in 100 days. If however, there were 10 men less,
it would take 10 days more for the work to be finished. How many men were there originally?
(a) 75 (b) 82 (c) 100 (d) 110
15. A wheel rotates 10 times every minute and moves 20 cm during each rotation. How many cms does
the wheel move in 1 hour?
(a) 2000 (b) 600 (c) 1200 (d) 12000

TIME & DISTANCE; BOATS & STREAMS

Formulae:
1. If the speed of a boat in still water be x km/hr and the speed of the stream be y km/hr, then:
Speed of boat along the stream (i.e. downstream) = (x + y) km/hour.
Speed of boat against the stream (i.e. upstream) = (x – y) km/hour.

2. If a man rows in still water at x km/hour and the rate of current (or stream) is y km/hour,
then
Man’s rate with the current = (x + y) km/hour
Man’s rate against the current = (x – y) km/hour

3. Rate in still water = ½ [(rate with the current) + (rate against the current)]
4. Rate of current = ½ [(rate with the current) - (rate against the current)]

EXERCISE
1. A man can row with the stream at 10 km/hr and against the stream at 5 km/hr. Man’s rate in still
water is:
(a) 15 km/hr (b) 7.5 km/hr (c) 5 km/hr (d) 2.5 km/hr

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2. A boat moves downstream at the rate of 1 km in 6 minutes and upstream at the rate of 1 km in 10
minutes. The speed of the current is:
(a) 1 km/hr (b) 1.5 km/hr (c) 2 km/hr (d) 2.5 km/hr
3. The speed of a boat in still water is 15 km/hr and the rate of current is 3 km/hr. The distance
travelled downstream in 12 minutes is:
(a) 3.6 km (b) 2.4 km (c) 1.8 km (d) 1.2 km
4. A man rows upstream 11 km and downstream 26 km taking 5 hours each time. Find the velocity of
the current:
(a) 7.5 km/hr (b) 2.5 km/hr (c) 1.5 km/hr (d) 1 km/hr
5. A boat goes 14 km upstream in 56 minutes. The speed of stream is 2 km/hr. The speed of boat in still
water is:
(a) 6 km/hr (b) 14 km/hr (c) 15 km/hr (d) 17 km/hr
6. A boat goes 40 km upstream in 8 hours and a distance of 36 km downstream in 6 hours. The speed of
the boat in standing water is:
(a) 6.5 km/hr (b) 6 km/hr (c) 5.5 km/hr (d) 5 km/hr
7. If a man rows at the rate of 5 km/hr in still water and his rate against the current is 3.5 km/hr, then
the man’s rate along the current is:
(a) 8.5 km/hr (b) 6.5 km/hr (c) 6 km/hr (d) 4.25
km/hr
8. If a man’s rate with the current is 12 km/hr and the rate of current is 1.5 km/hr, then the man’s
rate against the current is:
(a) 9 km/hr (b) 7.5 km/hr (c) 6.75 km/hr (d) 5.25
km/hr
9. Speed of a boat in standing water is 7 km/hr and the speed of the stream is 1.5 km/hr. A distance of
7.7 km, going upstream is covered in:
(a) 2 hr 16 min (b) 1 hr 24 min (c) 1 hr 15 min (d) 1 hr 12
min
10. A boat travels upstream from B to A and downstream from A to B in 3 hours. If the speed of the boat
in still water is 9 km/hr and the speed of the current is 3 km/hr, the distance between A and B (in
km) is:
(a) 4 (b) 6 (c) 8 (d) 12

SIMPLE INTEREST & COMPOUND INTEREST

1. The simple interest on Rs5000 for 6 years at 5% p.a. is:

(a) Rs2500 (b) Rs1500 (c) Rs1400 (d) Rs1200
2. A man will get Rs870 as simple interest on Rs7250 at 4% per annum in:
(a) 3 years (b) 3½ years (c) 4 years (d) 5 years
3. At simple interest, a sum doubles after 20 years. The rate of interest per annum is:
(a) 5% (b) 10% (c) 20% (d) 50%
4. A sum of money amounts to Rs7670 in 3 years and Rs8060 in 4 years. The sum is:
(a) Rs6000 (b) Rs6500 (c) Rs6750 (d) Rs7000
5. A sum of money, put at simple interest, trebles itself in 15 years. The rate percent per annum is:
(a) 13.33% (b) 16.66% (c) 20% (d) 25%
6. In how many years will a sum of money double itself at 12% p.a.?
(a) 6 yrs 9 months (b) 7 yrs 6 months (c) 8 yrs 4 months (d) 8 yrs 6
months
7. A certain sum of money at simple interest amounts to Rs1260 in 2 years and to Rs1350 in 5 years. The
rate percent per annum is:
(a) 2.5% (b) 3.75% (c) 5% (d) 7.5%

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8. Rs12,000 amounts to Rs16,320 in 4 years at a certain rate of simple interest. If the rate of interest is
increased by 1%, it would amount to how much?
(a) Rs16,350 (b) Rs16,440 (c) Rs16,700 (d) Rs16,800
9. A lent Rs60,000 to B for 2 years and Rs 15,000 to C for 4 years and received altogether from both
Rs9000 as simple interest. The rate of interest is:
(a) 12% (b) 10% (c) 5% (d) 4%
10. A sum of money doubles itself in 5 years. It will become 4 times of itself in:
(a) 10 years (b) 12 years (c) 15 years (d) 20 years
11. The simple interest on a sum of money will be Rs6000 after 10 years. If the principal is trebled after
5 years, the total interest at the end of 10 years will be:
(a) Rs6000 (b) Rs9000 (c) Rs12000 (d) Rs15000
12. A man invested (1/3) of his capital at 7%, (1/4) at 8% and the remainder at 10%. If his annual income
is Rs5610, find the capital?
(a) Rs54,000 (b) Rs60,000 (c) Rs66,000 (d) Rs72,000
13. A money lender finds that due to a fall in the rate of interest from 8% to 7¾%, his yearly income
diminishes by Rs615. His capital is:
(a) Rs2,24,000 (b) Rs2,38,000 (c) Rs2,46,000 (d) Rs2,60,000
14. A sum of Rs26000 is lent out in two parts in such a way that the interest on one part at 10% for 5
years is equal to that on another part at 9% for 6 years. The sum lent out at 10% is:
(a) Rs11500 (b) Rs12500 (c) Rs13500 (d) Rs14500
15. If 1 rupee produces Rs9 as interest in 60 years at simple interest, the rate percent is:
(a) 30 (b) 15 (c) 13.33 (d) 9
16. Rs8000 at 5% per annum compound interest amount to Rs8820 in:
(a) 4 years (b) 3 years (c) 2 years (d) 1 year

17. A sum amount to Rs13520 in 2 years at 4% compound interest. The principal is:
(a) Rs13000 (b) Rs12600 (c) Rs12500 (d) Rs12000
18. At what rate percent compound interest will Rs62500 amount to Rs90000 in 2 years?
(a) 10% (b) 15% (c) 20% (d) 25%
19. The compound interest on a certain sum of money for 2 years at 10% per annum is Rs4200. The
simple interest on the same sum at the same rate and same time will be:
(a) Rs3500 (b) Rs3750 (c) Rs3800 (d) Rs4000
20. Find the difference between simple interest and the compound interest on Rs8000 at 5% per annum
for 1 year?
(a) Nil (b) Rs15 (c) Rs44 (d) Rs65
21. The simple interest on a sum of money for 2 years is Rs100 and the compound interest on the same
sum at the same rate for the same time is Rs104. The rate of interest (per annum) is:
(a) 2% (b) 3% (c) 4% (d) 8%
22. The simple interest on a certain sum for 2 years at 10% per annum is Rs900. The corresponding
compound interest is:
(a) Rs990 (b) Rs956 (c) Rs945 (d) Rs1080
23. The difference between simple interest and the compound interest on a certain sum of money for 2
years at 10% is Rs80. The sum is:
(a) Rs16000 (b) Rs12000 (c) Rs8000 (d) Rs6400
24. A sum of money placed at compound interest doubles itself in 5 years. It will amount to 8 times itself
in:
(a) 20 years (b) 15 years (c) 12 years (d) 10 years

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