A

A Chronol~gy of
Masonic
i Traditions & History
with various charts
By

A. H. Seabrook,
Master of Tampico Lodge No. 10
(working under the Jurisdiction of the M. W.
York Grand Lodge Of Mexico, F. & A. M.)

4~~
,~
 Foreword
The text herein contained was collected in its
present form to enable me, with the minimum of time
and trouble, to acquire a knowledge of the outlines of
Masonic History. It had with me, it::> desired effect, and
I trust. it will prove no less useful to my readers.
Almost exclusively it is compiled from the work~
I, of well known Masonic authorities, so arranged as to
present chronologically a concise history of our belov-
ed Craft. In some cases the full te..xt is given; in other:-;
the statements are somewhat abbreviated.
Various charts are included; it is trusted they wiII
also prove a help to "the seekers after truth." A Table
of References will be found on page number 5, so
that the original text may be easily found, and, if the
reader is sufficiently interested, readily referred to.
If the perusal of this little work should give the
reader a tithe of the help and pleasure it gave' me in
compiling it. I shall feel the considerable labour involv-
ed has not been in vain.
Grateful acknowledgment of their kindness L,
made to IV!. W. Bro. John r. Newell, P. G. 1\1., R. W.
Bro. 1\1. A. Malone, Deputy ' G. M., and V. W. Bro. E.
S. Banks, Grand Chaplain, for advice, inspiration and
assi'stance.
I am also indebted to V. W. Bro. A. P. Old, J. G.
Steward, and Editor of the York Rite Trestle Board.
on whom fell the principal burden of revising and
correcting.

Tampico, Mexico, April, 1933.

A. H.S.
 .\ CHRONOLOGY OF MASOXIC HISTORY 3

Contents
PART 1.
THEORIES AS TO THE ORIGIN OF FREEMASONRY
PART 2. (714 B.C. to 1600 A.D.)
Legends and Annals of Freemasonry
Roman Collegia-The Collegia and Comacines in Britain-
Early traces of Masonry in England-Construction of Cathedrals
-Guilds-Ancient MSS-Old Charges-The Reformation- Earl-
iest Minutes- Operative and Speculative.
PART 3. (1600 to 1716)
Commencement of Transition Period-Gradual change from
Operative to Speculative-MSS-Initiations-Persecution of
Freemasons-Freemasonry in Ireland-Early evidence of Mason-
ry in America-Meeting of the four London Lodges with view
to establishment of a governing body for the Craft.
PART 4. (1717 to 1750)
From the Revival to the Division-Establishment of the
first Grand Lodge- Social conditions-Stukeley's Diary-Con-
stitutions and Regulations- MSS-Dissention, opposition, ex-
posures, and persecution- Degrees-Regularly constituted Free-
masonry spreads over England and to America, and to the Con-
tinents of Europe and Asia-Independent G. L. of All England
formed-Irregular making of Masons-Military Lodge formed
-G. L. of Scotland-Anderson's 2nd Constitutions.
PART 5. (1751 to 1760)
Division of Freemasonry in England into two ,main bodies-
Antients and Moderns-Further American warrants-Antients
Constitutions- Naval Lodge formed-Sympathy .with Antient
moyement in America.
PART 6. (1761 to 1783)
Accession of King George rn, to the close of the American
War of Independence-Rivalry between the Moderns and Ant-
ients-Other English Grand Lodges-Further Exposures-Op-
position of Colonial Freemasons to British Government~William
Preston-Degrees-Making Masons at sight-Scotland warrants
Lodges in America-Modern influence in America declines-Am-
erican Revolution- Ib:; effects upon Feemasonry-American
Grand Lodges declare their independence.
 A CHRO~OLOGY OF l\L\SO~IC HISTOH\

PART 7. (1784 to 1812)

Constitutiom,-Negro Lodge-Non - operatives J'ejected-
Charity-Other English Grand Lodge,; collapse, leaving only
Antients and Moderns----!.Moderns and Antients in U.S.A. amal-
gamate- Making of more Masons at sight-Statements b~
George Washington-First steps towards the Union of the An-
cients and Moderns in England.

PART 8. (1813 to 1932)

Constitutions further revised-Union of the English An-
tients and Moderns-United Grand Lodge of England- Articles
of Unioh-Degrees-International Compact-Aprons-Ritual-
Lodges of Instruction-Formation of new Grand Lodges in L".
S.A., and on the Continent of Europe-Australian and Canadian
Grand Lodges-Persecution continues-Freemasonry Rpreads to
Mexico-The Morgan Affair- MS-Charity- American Civil
War ends-Freemasonry st ill survives-Siege of Paris-Royalt~
at the head of t he Cr aft-More Masons made at Right-Estab-
lishment of York Grand Lodge of l\lexico-Charts-Conclusion.

The Historian ought not to conclude

that a fact is false because he possesses
several versions of it, or because credul-
ity has mixed them with much that IS
fabulous.
-Ernest Renan.

That with equal certainty it may be

said that the great Brotherhood we call
the Ancient and Honorable Fraternit~·
of Free and Accepted :Vlasons is descend-
ant of, and heir to, many primitive
forms of human association which may
have held ' their assemblies on high hills
or in deep vales in the day when th e
earth was young. That a direct and un-
broken connection cannot be establish-
ed between them. is of minor conse-
quence.
-Haywood & Craig.
 .\ CHROXOLOGY OF MASONIC HISTORY

References
.\A ('oncL'e Cyclopedia of Freemason-
ry ·hy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E. L. Hawkins.
B llighwa~' s and Byways of Freema-
sonry by . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J. T. Lawrence.
( Sidelights on Freemasonry by . . . . . do.
D The Keystone by . .. . . . .. . .. . . . . do.
E Freemant;on's Vade :Vlecum by . . . . do.
F Landmarks of Freemat;onry by . .. . S. H. Shepherd.
b Historical Notes by . . . . . ... . .. . . . Committee on Re-
search. Y. G. Lodge
of Mexico.
1-1 The Comac:ines by . .. . ....... . . . W. Ravenscroft.
-'[odem Masonry by ..... . . . ... . J. F. Newton.
Ii Story of the Craft by . . . . .. . .... . L. Vibert.
L Short Readings in Masonic History
by . . . . . . .. . . . .... . . . ..... . . . J ~ H. Tatsch.
History of Freemasonry by . . . .. . Haywood & Craig.
Freemasonry-Its History, Princip-
les, and Object::; by . . . .. . .... . J. T. Lawrence.
o Freemasonry-It::; Derivation and
Development by . .. .. . . .... . . . R. C. ' Davies.
The Builders by . . . .. . . . . ...... . J. F. Newton.
Q Freemasonry in the Revolution by S. Morse.
R Ander::;on's Constitutions by ..... . L. Vibert.
History of the Lion & Lamb (Ex-
tract) by ..... . ........... . . . Abbott.
T -'Iasonic Jurisprudence by . . . .. . . . J. T. Lawrence.
L The ~Iorgan Affair by .. .. . . . . . . J. C. Palmer.
Green. Green's Short History of the
English People.
W The Great Light in Masonry by . .. J. F. Newton.
X Report by M. W. Bro. C. C. Freston,
P. G. M., Chairman of the Com-
mittee of Foreign Relations, York
Grand Lodge of Mexico.
AQ(' Transaction~ of the Quatour Coro-
nati Lodge. London .
 A CHRO:\,OLOGY OF r.L\SO~IC HISTOR\

Part One
THEORIES AS TO THE ORIGIN OF
FREEMASONRY

Brothel' W .Ravenscroft in his book. Histon' of l·'rccmasonry," pa~e l:! 1.

"The Comacines." (Chapter VIII.. remark:
pages 55-6) comes to the following "If true, it would supply a brid~l'
{onclusions: bctwecn Operatin' Masonr) of th ..
1. Centuries before Christ and the Middle Ages and the Roman Colle-
founding of Rome, a race of Hametic gia; would throw lig-ht upon the an-
descent spread along the Medite Tan- cient belief of Craft~m('n that thl' in-
enn shores, and afterwards becall}e stitution entered Europe from Pal
known in Syria and Asia Minor a~ estine by wa~ of Gr(,l'ce."
Hittites, in Greece as Pelasgoi. an·l
in Italy as Etruscans. Mrs. Baxter (Leader Scott \ to tht
2. The Hittites were engaged in "Cathedral Builders" (page 1:32) hold-
building the Temple at Jerm;alem, themuch to the !'ame theory a~ Br\).
fame of which spread far and wide. Ravenscroft, viz:
3. The Romans learned their arts 1. That after Italy was overrun by
Barbarian!', Roman Collegia we:'\'
of building, decoration. ~nd pottery .
suppressed, but the College of Arch-
etc., from the Etruscans who were the
itects at Rome escaped the general
same race as the Hittite~, and carried
with them some at least of their doom and remover! to the Repuhli<-
traditions. of Comum;
4. In Rome developed Collegia of 2. That the College sUl'\'ived a::; a
medieval Masonic Guild known a::; thl
Artificers, and in early Chlistian day"
Society of Comacine Mai'ters, educat-
these had the iraditions of King SoI-
l mono ing young men in the arts and scien-
5. At the downfall of Rome, the ces, and sending them out to all parb
of thc world as missionarie!; of cul-
Guild of Artificers left and settled in
ture.
the district of Como, holding a!< their
centre, the island of Comacina. In Brothers Haywood and Craig'~
"Hi::;tory of Freemasonry," page 13:l.
6. That thence they spread their ill-
fluence over all Western Europe and \\ e also find the following:
even to the shores of England. "Tho' there is no certain proof that
the Comacines were the \-eritable
7. That they merged into the great
Masonic Guilds of the Middle Ages. stock from which the 'pseudo-Free-
8. That as these Guilds died ou~. masonry of the present dar sprang,
their forms and eremonies were pre_ we may at least admit that they were
a link between the classic collegia
served to a great extent in our 1\las-
onic Lodges-at any rate. under thoseand all other art and trade guilds of
of the Eng'lish and A merican Con- the Middle Ages."
stitutions . In "The Builders" (page 97) Bro.
J . F. Newton-we read:
Dealing with the Comacine theory_ "If not the actual successors of th('
Brothers Haywood and Craig, in "A Roman College of Architect~, the
 A CHRONOLOGY OF MASONIC HISTORY -;

Order of Comacines was founded upon ions came into England with the Ro-
its ruins," and "wherefoce such na- mans . .. (page 22) ' " And survived
mes as Hermes, Pythagoras, and Euc- as Medieval Guilds.·. . " . M.79
lid, and how did they come into the According to the "Concise Cyclope-
old craft records if not through the dia of Freemasonry" (page 53) by
Comacine artists and scholars'?" Bro. Hawkins:
(p. 111). "They (the Roman Co ll eges) re-
Brother Lawrence in "Fremasonry ~embled a Masonic Lodge in many
-Its History, Principles and Ob- points, and according to Krause, a
jects" (page 20) says: German Masonic wr iter in the early
"Of the secret associations, pres- part of the 19th. century, the society
enting many points of resemblance of Freemasons is descended from Ro-
with the Masonic fraternity,-the man Collegia Artificum, passing
most ancient are the CABIRIC ~IYS­ through the Al'chitectUl'al Guilds of
TERIES, referable to a period close- the Middle Ages, up to the En~lish
ly approach ing the Deluge." organization of the year 1717" and
"Of the ancient associations, the (page 171) "But probably the view
one most closely resembling the Mas- which now finds most acceptance is
onic ~ociety in its OPERATIVE per- that the SPECULATIVE MASONRY,
iod is that of the DIONYSIAC ART- as we now have it, is the gradual out-
IFICERS OF IONIA. They undertook come of the early societies of OPER-
and even monopolised the building A TIVE ~ASONS, such as that which
of temples and stadia precisely as the existed at Cante·rbury in 1429."
{<'reemasons (?) [Cathedral Bu ilders, "About a century ago, Dr. Adam
or Gothic Bu ilders] monopolised the Weishaupt, the founder of the Ilum-
building of cathedrals and conventual inati, said, 'No man can give any ac-
churches in the Middle Ages." 'count of the Ordel' of Freemasonry,
'of its origin, of its objects, nor any
"The next link in the chain... 18 'explanation of its mysteries and
one of the Roman Colleges, an incor- 'symbols which does not leave the
poration of :\1asons at Rome (paga. 'm ind in total uncertainty on all these
21). Many of these building corporat- 'points'."

Part Two
I.EGENDS AND ANNALS OF
FREEMASONRY.

714 B. C. Collegia Artificum, Col- was complete, made their advent into
leges of Artificers, Roman Guilds, or the island, traces of t heir work re-
Corporations of Craftsmen, institut- mai ning even to this day. P.113
ed in Rome 714 B. C., and existed
598 A. D. With the revival of Chris-
during the Roman Empire. 0.13
tianity we find Bishop Wilfred of
78 to ·n 0 A. D. With the conquest York joining with the Abbot of Wear-
of Britain by the Romans, the Colle- mouth in sending to France and Italy
gia, without which no Roman ~ociety to induce Masons to return and build
 .\ CHIW:\OLO(;' OF :\1.\SOXIC 1118TOIn

ill stone "afler the Roman man- 'lu('~t.England was invaded hy an .11-
ner." P .ll:] m~' of ecclesiastic;.;. and church!!".
600 A. D. From 600 A. I). we haye 1110na;.;teries, cathedrals and abhey"
traces in England of stone :;tructure~ wen' commenced in eyery part of th·
for ecclesiastical pm·poset>. L.23 country. P.l:!(/
Dr. Barnes shows that Comacin(' lIIost of the great cathed"als of
Builders were in England as early as Europe date from the 11th. Cell-
this. P.1l-! tury. P.l~O

The Comacine::; were in Eng-land a.- 1011i. The plan of Canterbury CatlL
early as 600 as shown by document~ edral, a~ it existed before 107Ci, cal'·
and by comparative study of style' ried out the Comacine idea. H.B7
of ~rchitecture. P.114 1077, Robertus Cementarius. a 1\1.
604 A. D. Augustine sent the monk M .. employed at St. Albans. 1'.1~1J
Pietro back to Rome to the Pope 1086. The period of the Crusadl',.
L.l'egory, begging him to send mOl'e \\hit'h deeimated the manhood of Eu-
architects ami workmen, which he lope. lasted from 1086 to 12lll.
did. P.llS L.lCi-Il\
675 A . D. The Venerable Bede re- 109!l. .ferusal(·mentcrcd by th·
ports that Benedict Biscop, foundCJ' Cl'usadel·s. Entil'c world in a l'eligiou'
of the monasteries at Wea:'mouth and fen·ol'. L.lti
.Jarrow, crossed into Gaul in 675 and 1100. The Cathedral Builde::; work-
engaged Masons to build for him a ed fro 111 1100 to 1500. L.l1\
church in the Roman style, but to During- the Middle Age;; the Craft
infel' that these masons were Co- laboured in the services of the Cath-
macines, 01' even Italians. is pun' olic Church as the builder of cath-
gue:sswork. M.135 edrals, abbeys and other eccle"ia:t ·
923 to 940 A . D. The Old ChargeS ieal establishments. l..!
begin an account of Masonry in Eng- The Medieval Craft wa,.; strictI}
land at the time of Athelstan, grand- Trinitarian Christian. C.4li
son of the Alfred the Great-between ll1:i. The Cathedral of Glasgo\\'
!,25 and 940, and the assembl~' at founded . ".Jl
lork in 926, under the patronag'c of
Prince Edwin. P.116 1I2b. Kebo Abbey found!.'d . N,:n
1000. The year 1000 \\'a~ the ex- 11 :clli. Melrosl' Aboey founded. l\ld-
pected end of all things. \\'hen the rose Lodge !'till existing at Melrose.
expected date for the ~ounding of Scotland, claims ongm from thl
the last trumpet pa~sed without the uuilding of the Abbey. It i;; self sup
c:ltastrophe, a sense of general reliet porting. and in no way recogni~es lhl'
found expression in raising' magnifi- G. L. of Scotland . N.31
cent temples to the Glory of God . .. 1140. Abbey of Kilwinning founded .
Order of Freemasons who made it The builders were brought from th.!
possible for men to "sing their soul~ Continent (supposed to be Cologne).
in stone" what Goethe called "The Believed fil'st appcarance of Free (':)
frozen music of the Middle Ages." ma,.;onry in Scotland. K.;llJ
P.121 1176. Construction of London
1066. Following the Norman Con- Bridu'e beg·un. P.12 '1
CHART ILLUSTRATING THE COMACINE THEORY

d_.
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t."-RU8(; ANS
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COLLEGIA OF
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ARTIFICERS
..
Boil.T_

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(Rome)

{~()/oiACINI!S

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WESTERN EUROPE
t;ulki u(
Artit' \

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o\tASONIC
LOD(;ES I
 I

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 A CHRONOLOG Y OF MASONIC H ISTORY 9

1200. Trade Guilds were formed 1349. The "Black Death" began and
(IUI'ing the 13th. Century which fill- raged for many years reducing the
ed many fraternal quties for its mem- population of Europe more than twen-
hers of a religious, philanthropic, and ty-five million. L.1S
charitable nature. L.14
1352. In the Fabric Rolls of York
1212. Findel finds the name of Mi nster, we fin d an order for the
Freemason as early as this. P.104 Masons and Workmen issued as fol-
1217. The word "Maszun." of French lows:
nrig-in, as applied to an Operative "In summer they are t o begin work
Craftsman in stone, appeared in a immediately after sunrise until the
glossary compiled about 1217. M.10 ringing of the bell of t he Virgin
Mary; t hen to breakfast in the fa-
At all events, when' we first find it, bric lodge, then one of t he Masters
it is purely and simply a Trade Name shall knock on t he do or of t he lodge
and has no esoteric meaning of a bro. and forthwith are all to return to
ther, etc. . . (Vibert). M.91 work until noon ... " A.143
1220. Conder, t heil' historian, con· 1356. Statute enacted in England
, iders t hat t he Masons . Company of aga inst Freemasons prohibiting their
London was established in 1220, if assembly under severe punishment.
not earlier. P.123 P.122
1221. Construction of Westminster 1360. Secret agreements made
Abbey started. P.123 among Masons and Carpenters pro-
(Note.-It was gradually added to hibited by Stat ute. M.lO
and finally completed in 1735). 1375. First recorded use of the
1272. Record of a Charter granted na me FREEmason in the history of
by the Lord Mayor of London to the t he Company of Masons of the City
W. Society of Freemasons of London. of London. P.I04
L.15 1389. Ordinance passed bearing up-
1292. By 1292 English Masons were on Stonemasons Guild wages. ' L.15
accustomed to speak of their working 1390. REGIUS MS. was discovered
place as a "Lodge." M.10 by one Halliwell, and supposed to
1300. During the Medieval Period have been writt en about this time.
of E ng li sh r Ul'81 existence, judicial It is now in the British Museum.
activities were handled at stated A.48 and 194
mcetings of the Manor Court. In such The Regius MS. is the oldest Mas-
e;overnmental meetings we find the on ic MS. known to be in existence.
root of t radit ional Masonic assembl· A.193
ies mentioned in t he Old Charges.
Its Masonic character remained un-
L.13 known until 1840 because it was cat-
Stonemasons GUILDS came into alogued as "A Poem of Moral Dut-
prominence during the 14th. Century. ies." A.194
L.15 The Regius Poem consists of 794
1333. Carpenters GUILDS formed. lines of rhymed English verse. It
L.15 bears the title:
13-18. Masters and Wal'dens men- "Here begin the Constitutions of
tioned. L.15 geometry according to Euclid."
·1(1 A CHRONOLOGY OF MASO~ I (, H ISTO ln

It contains a legend to t he effect that 1481. A s recently as 1481 the l\1u:

"Masonry was founded in Egypt by on!' Company of London attended
E uclid and introduced into England Mass on the Fea& t Day of t he F our
in the reign of King Athelstan, in Crowned Martyrs. l\l,lIJ
924."
1495. OPERATI VE~ wert' design-
It contains t he reg'ulations "for the
ute d ai< "FREEMASONS" in Statut·
governance of the Society"- 15 ar-
of 14!J5. 1\1.10
ticles a nd 15 points .
It contains the legend of the 4 crown- 1;)()(J. Dowland M S: Ty pical of thl'
ed martyrs. lore from which Ande rson and other,
Then anot her version of the origin of drew th eir inspira t ion. l'elates that
the Craft, which purports t o trace Freemasonry existed be r 0 r e thl'
its history from the Deluge and the F lood. M .2:'
Tower of Babel. M.ll
1!l Ot. Plasterers Guilds. L.1!l
Speaking of Prince Edwin of th e
10th. Century it is recorded: "Of spe- 1 :>20. REFOR M ATIO~ : Open rl:-
culatye he was a Master." 1.4 "olt began whe n a book of P apal de·
" T hys craft com yn to englond as I l:rees was publicly burned by a pro-
now say Yn tyme of good Kyng Adel- fessor in th'e Universi t y of Witten-
stons day." B.172 berg. L.ll<
The REFORM ATIOl' !?:radually PUt
la96. The Fabric Roll of Exeter
n stop t o tht, Cathedra l Builders '
Cathedral, compiled in 1396, applied
work in progress. L.li'
to the members of th is Operative
Gui ld the name FREEMASON . M.10 1560. Lansdow ne 1\I S. T .16~
1424. Ordinance passed pr ohibiting
1561. Hea r ing th at the Masons hat!
meeting of the Stonemasons Guild. certain seC]'ets that co uld not he re-
L.15
vealed to her, Quee n E li zabeth sent
1436. MS. in the Bodleian Library a n armed force io break up iheir an -
at Oxford (discovered about 1696) nua l G. L. ai York, un St. Joh n'.-
supposed to have b4i!en written about Day, December ,. l5() 1. P.12:;
this time. P.1l1 . 1568. Tyler!< ' 11 n d Bricklayer!"
1450. Matthew Cook MS. fixed by Guilds formed . L.U;
experts as dating from 1450. This is
1:> 70. Rhetoric : At Cambr idge, in
also in the British Museum. A,48
1570, t he study of Rhetoric was based
The Cook MS uses these words : on the works of Qui ntilia n. Hermo-
"Lernyd practyke of yt sciens of
genes, and Cicero. A.Q .C. XLIII-56
"his speculat yf." 1.4
1588. Rhetoric: At Oxfo rd, Quinti-
A code of laws, said to have been
lian, Hermogenes and Cicero's work"
appr oved by H enry VI, was drawn up
were used in t he s tudy of R hetoric.
for the government of the F raternity,
A.Q.C. XLIII-5fi
thus clearly establishing- the fact that
at this time some sort of common bond 1!lR3. OLD CH ARGES known as G.
united t he separate units or wor king L. 1';IS No.1, now in ]1osse;;sio n of tlw
lodges. M.ll G. L. of England. Thi;; is dated by a
copyst "158!{.'· A.48. L: 2~ '
1472. A coat of Arms was for mall y
granted to the "Hole Craft and Fel - This MS says :
lowship of Masons ." M. ll "And the King of Babylon tha t
 A CHROXOLOGY OF MASONIC HISTOHY II

heighte ~(mroth was a :'.lasson him- ] :.i98. With the exception of breaks,
,;('If and loved well the Crafte." totalling in all about 9 years, the
B.172 Mi'lutes are complete f1"om 1599 down
l.i9S. K ilwinning' and Stirling known to the present day: L.30
(0 have existed in Schaw's time. L.JO 1600. Earliest reference to the fact
Government of the Scottish Craft that others than actual workmen were
wa~ under the Statutes of 1598/9 members of the lodge is found in the
promulgated by William S c haw. MINUTES of the Lodge of Edinburgh
":\faister of the Wark. Wain!en of date June 8th., 1600. 1.4
ye :\>laisons." L.3!J COMMENCEMENT OF TRANSI-
:\<UNUTES of the Lodge of Edin - TION PERIOD OF MASONIC HIS-
hurgh (M.ary's Chapel No.1) go back TO KY.-Change from OPERATIVE
to 1:.i99. A.Q.C. XLIII-13fl to SPECU LATIVE. L.18
The honour of .hav ing the oldest (Note:- This does not agree with
:\lasonic Lodge Minutes belongs to nthel' authorities who give the T1'ansi-
Scotland where the lodg'e honks be- tion Period as starting in 1714. and
gin with an entry for Deccmbel' 28. 1717, q.v.)

Part Three
160n. Roughly speaking, the year 1620. Conder, the historian, shows
HiOO lIlay he taken a'S a date diyid ing that the W. Company of Masons of
th(' t\\O period~ OPERATIVF: and the City of London, an OPERATIVE
SPECULATIVE. Spctulatives beg'an ORGANIZATION, also had a SPEC-
to enter the Order as early as 1600, ULATIVE LODGE at work within it
if not earlier. P.144 of which existing accounts go as far
Earliest authentic record of a no n - back as 1620. L.31
oIH:rati,'c being a member of a :\1as· Conder says "We can say that as
onic Lodg'c, \·iz., .Junc 8th, 1600, John ear ly as 1620, and i nfc~' entially very
Ho~\\ell, Laird of Auchinlach a \'il- llJuch carlier, there were certain mem-
lag-c in ~:a~t Ayrshin' Scotland, was iJel" of the Masons Company and
prescnt ; ' 1 a l1leeting' of Lodg'c of others who met from time to time to
Edinhu A,a·1 form a Lodge for the purpose of
16HZ. Old dnclInll'nt known as thl' SPECULA TIVE Masonry. 1.6
tfi",l) St. Clair Charter, conferrcJ
1628. Second Charter granted to the
thl' position of hereditary Patron and
St. Clair family. (See note under
.J udgc of the Craft for a pmticular
1602.) 1.52
'" ca on thc St. Clair family . 1.52
1632. Grand Lodge MS. (Old Char-
16tH. Inigo .Jones became Superin-
ges). B. Hi7 gives date at 1650 and
Il'ndent General of Royal Building,;,
,locument in possession of the United
and at the same time head of the
(;.L. of England Museum.) L.27
\Ia>onit Order in England. He con-
.~titlited quarterly g'atheringl; instead 1641. Earliest referencc to the in-
,I' the· ole! annual as"clllhlics. P.llR itiation outside of Lodge of a SPE-
12 A CHRONOLOGY OF l\lASOXIC HISTORY

CULATIVE Mason appears in Lodg-I' 1(;70. 'IIndt'ian' MS No. 191~

Minutes, viz .• "On the 20th May, 1641. (About 16iO) . Vol. 1. F.3a
Robert Morny, 'General Quartermas- Of the 49 members of the Lodge of
ter of the Annie off Seotlaml' initiat- Aberdeen 39 were "Accepted" and
ed at Newcastle by members of the not in any way connected with tlw
Lodge of Edimburgh who wei·e with building trade. P.16 L
the Scottish Army .. . " 1'.161
16iO. Buchanan MS. (In Grand
Evidence of SPECULATIVE mas- Lodge of England Museum .) B.157
onry. L.3l 1681. Aubrey MS. In the "Natural
1646. Ashmole's Diary . "Oct. 16th. History of Wiltshire" we read: "Thi:
I was made a Freemason at Warri ng·- day (18th. May, 1681 ) is a great con-
ton in Lancashire." Records show that vention at St. Pauls Church for th"
all the members of this Lodge were il-aternity of the Free (word crosse!1
ACCEPTED Masons. P.162 out and 'Accepted' inserted) Mason:
1652. Record of the Rev . James were Sir Christopher Wren is to bl:'
Ainslie becoming a Freemason. L.81 adopted a Brother." J.167
(~ote: T hei·e is no records to show
The Rev. James Ain~lie w a~ tried
by the Church authorities (?) for IJe- that \\"ren was ever a Ma~on) .
ing a Freemason . In his niar~' h(' 1682 . .\ghmole's Diary: "I received
mentions: "That to their j udgement R SLlmmons to appear at a Lodge to

there is neither sinne nor scandal ill IJe held the next da~· at Masons HalJ.
that word (Mason's word) IJecause in London . Accorclingl~' \\"ent and about
the purest t~' l11 es of this kir ke M ni- nt: on were a dm itted to the Fellowship
sons haveing that word have been of Fr('cmasolls .. . ·· (~ame,; follow)
Ministers ." 1.:; P.l6:.!
1656. Documcnt tii;;co\"cred rc latin!!.· 1686. The" Antiquit~·" MS . F.41
to an American "visiting friends at a Vol. 1
house off Mordicai Ca mpenell (Rhode Earliest knowl1 I·eferenee to the Old
Island) and giving Abram MoseH dc - Charg·es madC' by any writer appeal":-
grees of Maconrie ." P.206 in Dr. Plot's "Natural Histor: of
1663. The Operatives old Ritual was Staffordshire" published in 1686.
revised from 1663 to 1686. 0.22 A..l8
1665. The Great Plag-ue of London. 16~7. i,·illiam Watston MS. A.J:i
Green. 1688. Randle Holme, author, wrote:
Fi·om an entry in the books of the "I cannot but honour the 1I0wshi,
Masons Company of London, dated of the Masons because of its antiqui-
1665, it appears that "there was hang- ty, and the more as being a member
ing up in the Hall a list of the Accept· of that Society called Freemasons"·
ed Masons enclosed in a faire fi·ame L.3~
with a lock and key." 1.5 Freemasonry in Ireland: Copy of
1666. The great Fire of London. Tripos of Midsummer 1688. of Trinity
Green. Colleg·e, Dublin. contains Masonic re-
With the Great Fire there came a ferences. It can be fairly deduced.
renewed interest in Masonry, many too. that membership of the Craf
flocking to rebuild the City. Old wa" not confi ned to Operati'·es 01·
Lodges revived; new ones made. P .Hi8 to an~· class. "·
L ,i).
 .\ CHRONOLOGY OF MASONIC HISTORY 13

1691. On the engraved list of lod- masonry became so numerous and

ges of 1729, the Goose and Gridiron important that it eventually overpow-
Lodge No. 1. (afterwards Lodge of ered the Operative Organization. 0.22
Antiquity) is said to have dated from 1715. John Mool'e (a native of Eng-
1691 (see 1714/17) . Uti land) relates in a letter having spent
Aubrey MS. extract: 2. few evenings in Philadelphia in fes-
"They are known to one another by l i \'ity with Masol1l"Y br ethren. P.206
certain signs and watchwords, etc."
Steps Towards the Revival.
1.6
1699. Thos. Foxcroft MS. (In the 1716. The members of four lodge.>
Grand Lodge of England Museum). of London and Westminster met toge-
B .157 ther and elected a temporary G. M.
1701. Rules of the Alnwick Lodge for that meeting and dislrict only.
(1701) require a Master to "give his Among its members were such not-
apprentice his Charge within a year." ab le Masons as:
A.47 Theoph il us Desaguliers Ll. D. (a
1i04. Jonathan Belcher, who later Frenchman).
James Anderson D. D. (a Scotch-
become Governor of :Massachusetts
man). 0.27
and New Hampshire, and still later
(;ovemor of New Jersey, was made a The four lodges referred to were:
1fason in an Engli~h (Operative) 1. That meeting at the Goose and
Lodge. He may be properly regarded Griliiron Alehouse, St. Pauls Church-
as the Senior Freemason of America. yard. (This tavern stood until about
M.303 1894 when it was pulled down. This
1707. l\10ther Ki lwinning Lodge de- lodge is now the Lodge of Antiquity
No.2). A.97 and A.Il1
tined the "Cowan" as a Mason "with-
out the word." A.60 2. That meeting at the Crown Ale-
hOLlse, Parkel"s RoW, near Drury
1712. Miss St. Leger (The Hon.
Lane. (It appea r s for the last time in
;'Ill's. A ldworth) was detected eaves-
Lhe list for 1736 and was struck off
dropp ing and was ini t iated as a Free-
the roll in 1740). A.97
lllason at a Lodge Meeting he ld a t
Doncraile Court (her father's house) 3. That meeting at the Apple Tree
Co. Cork, Ireland. A.15 Tavern in Charles Street, Covent Gar-
den. (This lodge is now the "Fortitude
1713. Bishop Burnet, writing in
n ud Old Cumberland Lodge No. 12".).
III;~. said that "those who came to
A.98
he ordained as clergymen were ignor-
Of the four lodges, only one-that
ant to a degree not to be compre-
meeting at the Rummel' and Grapes
hended hy those who are not obliged
Tavern-had a majority of Accepted
to know it." P .176
Masons in its membership; the other
171l. At the beginning of the 18th. three being Operatives or largely so.
Century, Freemasonry was more neg- P.184
It'cled t han it had ever been before, The three lodges, viz., Crown, Apple
N.31 Tree, and Goose and Gridiron, seem to
Probably the year 1714 marks the have been Ope~ati"e Lodges or large-
Perind of Transition. when Amateur, ly ,0, compo~ed of work ing masons
I'hilos(lj.hical, or Speculative Free- and brethren of the artisan class,
11 A ('HRO~OL()(;Y OF ;\L\SOXIC HISTOR'

which mar accoLlnt for their laek of }[a!>tci as the Centl'e of Union and
learlership. 1.17 II al'J11 OilY ,"
A fh'l' listing- the Four Loelg-e!'< that
Obviomdy, then, the mov('ment wa, met. he continues:
predominately a movement of Oper- "They and some old brothers n1l'l
ntin Masons. P.185 al th(> "aid ApplE' Tree and having-
I'lit . into the Chab' the oldest Ma~t(·\
Yet it is worthj' of not(' that the
~a!>OIl (now the Mastel' of a Lodgl')
leading men of the Craft in those ear -
1h e ~· "()lIstituted hemsE'lve~ a G. L
l~' day~ were nearly all of them Ac-
PI ' O T(>lllpor(> i'l Dne Form and forth
l'epted Masons and members of th.,
with l't'vin,d in th(' Quarterly Coni
Rummer and Grapes Lodge. Ander-
nnmital ion;; of the Officer,; of LodgE',
son, Desag-ulie!'s and Payn<' were of
(l·alled tl1<' Gl'and Lodg-<.». resolved
thal lodge: P,18n
to ho lrl the A 11111lal A~semhly and
R<.>fel'1'in!!: to the ahove meetin!!'. Feast, and then t o choosp a Grand
Anderson, in hi!' con stitutions of Master from among- them;;e\v('s, till
1783. gays : 1 h e~· should havE' the honour (If .1
"Afte l' the rehelIion was over A. D. Noblc' Brother at thE'ir head."
1716, the few Lodges finding themseL ThE' mpC'tin!!:, aho\'p de;;(,l'iiled, had
VI'}; n<.>glectd hy Sir Christopher Wren. a far raching effect as is shown ill
thought fit to cement under a Grand the following' "edhill.

Part Four
THE REVIVAL

1717. Meeting ·of the ~'oUl' Old Lod- Anderson. and Georg'(> Pa~'ne, whil'l
ges and th<.> establishment of the first extended not over England but ovel
Gt"and Lodge of England. A ,8:l the world, Men of the highest rank ,
as well as those of inferior position
And<'>!'!,on (Constitutions of 1738)
having 110 connection with Op(>ratiH'
relates:
Masonry. were lpd to enrol them~el
"According-lyon St . .1ohn '5 Day , in
ves in the Order, in far great<.>l' num
the ~'eal' of Kin/! George I, A, D .
Lpl'fi than hefore N.31-'
1717, the Assembly and Feast of th"
Fl'N' and Accepted Ma~on~ wa ~ held Social Conditions at the Time of th,·
at the aforesaid Goose and Gridiron Revi\·al.
....dehollse. Brfon' dinn e r . th(' oldest
Ma~tel' Mason (Now the Master of a Bis hop Litchfield's Sermon of 172.1
LodgE') in the Chair proposed a List before the Society fol' the R('format
of proper candidates; and thE' Bre - ion of l\Iannel's outlines the moral de-
thren hy a majority of Hands electe d clension at this time. mentioning' that
Mr, Anthony Sayers. Gentleman. !ewelne>'". (ll'unlwnncs;. and deg-ener
Grand Master of Masons." a('~· \n~ r (' well nig'h univ el'"al, no da"
At this t ime, in A. D. 1717. a gl'ea~ being- free from infedion. ~furdpn
l'e\'i\ al of Masonry was effected \\"l' !"l' committed and foul wanton oh·

through the exertion>' of De~ag'uliel'''. ;;celH' hooki; found so good a marke

 A CHRONOLOGY OF MASONIC HISTORY 15

as to encourage the publishing of suddenly became extremely rapid,

them. Immorality of every kind \Va;:; not only in Britain, but in the British
so hardened as to be defended-yes, American Colonies, and on the Con-
ju::;tified on principle. tinent of Europe. N ,33
The assembly of 1717 becomes the The number both of Lodge and
more remarkable when we see it in members was rapidly increased. Spec-
the setting of the age. Against such ulative Masonry received a new de-
a background when religion and m'-J- velupment, although, as has alr'eady
mls seemed to reach the nadir of been shown, the notion that it then
degradation, the men that assembled first sprang into existence, is utter-
;;tand out as prophets of liberty and ly el'l'oneous, illld is, indeed, incon-
faith and righteusness of life. P.174-5 sistent, with the fundamenta l prin-
Before the Grand Lodge of Eng- dples on which Freemasonry is bas-
land was formed in 1717, Freemas- ed. The original Constitutions, the
on's Lodge were not under the abs- Ancient Landmarks, Symbols, and
"jute control of any Masonic authori- Ceremonies of Masonry W€l'e all l'e-
ty. There were an nual Grand As- tai~ed and the first principles of
semblies of Masons presided over by Masonry, were not only more widely
a G. , M., without any warrant of proclaimed, but he ld forth to view
(' on ~t i tution, 0,27 in greater prominence than ever be-
fore, especially the great guiding
All Grand Lodges in existence in
pr inciples of Br , L., R., and T. N.32
1717 did not join with the Foul' Old
The members of G. L. were later
Lodges that formed the G. L. of
termed ·'Moderns" or Modern Masons,
England. Some of these came in
a term of rebuke, because they h ad
~radLlaJly . LAO
made improvements and innovations,
One Masonic writer refers to the a nd had departed from the tradition-
year 1717 as the commencemente of al ceremonial working used by the
the Transition Period. 1.44 Operath'<!s in their old Institutions.
Another write r says: 0,28
'The formation of the Grand Lodge 1718. George Payne elected Grand
of F.ng-land definitely changed the Master of th e Grand Lodge of Eng-
character of English Masonry from land, June 24th . L.11
an Operative to what is now called
Payne "desired any of the Breth-
Speculative basis." M.11
ren to bring to Grand Lodge any old
The formation of the G, L. duri ng writings and reco rds concerning
llecember 1717 consolidated and re- Masons and Masonry in order to
vived Masonry. 0,27 show the usages of ancient times ;
To this-the Grand Lodge-may be a lld this year several old copies of
traced, through . one channel or an- the Gothic Constitutions were produc-
other, a ll the Freemasonry in exist- ed and collated". R.14 and 1.14
ence today. A.114
1719. Anderson says, "Now seve-
Masonry waf; no t ::;imply revived ral old Brothers that had neglected .
but refashioned, recast and refound- the Craft, visited the Lodges; some
l'd on a different basis for a "more noblemen ~ade Brothers and morc
nohle and g\oriou's purpose", 1.18 new lodges instituted".
TIl(' l'xten~ion of the OJ'der now P.203 and L.l1.
16 \ CHHO~OLOGY OF ~l \SO:\I(' HlSTOH't

1720, Andersoll writC'!", "SeH'ral ,Jan. 17t1~., 1723. (History from 1717
\ pry valuable manscripts concerninf,!" to 1722/3 missing),
the Fratl'rnity, their Lo(\!\'('., Rl'gul- KD} and 0.2!J and L.1lI
ation~, Charges, Recrets, and Usage~ 8tukeley's Diary: "May 25th. Me
(particularly one writ b~' JIll'. Nicho Duke of Queensbol'O, Lord Dum!>al'
las Stone the \\'arden of Inigo Jone~) t.on, Hinchinbroke, etc., at Fount .
were too hastily burned by SOI11l' Tan}i1 Lodg. to ron sider the Fea"t
scrupulous Brothers, that these pa- of St .•John". A.221f
pers might not fall into strange Duke of Wharton, though not a
hands". R.14 and 1..11 Mastel' of a Lodge got himself ir
1721. Stukeley's D'iary, "Jan. 6th. "('gularly proclaimed Grand JlIast(c'J'
Y was made a Fl'eema~on at tIlt' in June, 1722. 1.21
~alutation Tavern, Tavistock Street. The Duke of Wharton \Va" no pal
with Mr. Collins, and Captain RowC'. ticula l' credit to the Fraternity for
who made the famous diving engine". he openly led a dissolute life not ill
i\.22~' keeping with JlIasonit principles.
Duke of Montague-Granel Ma~ 1,.:1;;
tc'r-found fault with the Old Char Stukeley's Diary: "Nov. 31'd. T111'
gel; as being inadequate, and ordered Duke of Wharton and Lord Dalkeith
Dr. Anderson to make a digel't of visited our Lodge at the Fountain".
them with a view to formulating a A.22~1

better set of Regulations for the rull' J, Rohl'rts MS, Copy in posse"sioll
of the Lodges. P.185 and P.}H(; of the Iowa Masonic Library. It
Twelve Lodges att!'nded the June contains the following title:
quarterly communication of G. L., and "The Old Constitutions Belongill!!
16 in September, and 20 in Decem- to the Ancient and Honourable SociI'
ber. P.204 t~· of Frel' and Accepted Mason".
Taken f!'Om a Manuscript wrotl'
In September, the First Book of
d)ove 500 years since". A.!I
Constitutions of the Order was C(J1ll
piled at the request of the G. L. b~ 1723, Anderson's ('onstilut ion",.
DJ". Anderson. who adopted the sub (Iated 17th. Januar~, introdul'\'d ::
jl'ct matter from existing material othel' striking innovations, (llle of
such a~ the Gothic Constitutions, wl1i('h \\'as it prohilJited the wllrkin;!
their Old Charges. and Ancient Re- of tlw "Ma,;ter';; Part" in Jll'ivatl'
g'ulations, or the Leg'endal'Y Hi~tory lodge". (The G. L. decich-d to kl'e'
.f th!' Craft or Guild of Operathe tlw l11(1st sael'ed part with it:-; 0\\ 1\
Masonf'. 0.2R contl'l']). R.!II and 1.1~'

Stukeley's Diary: "Dec. 27th. W:! TIll' (,hal'~es ('ontain inn(l\'atil"I~.

tIlet at the Fountain Tavern and b~ ' dirp('t rdl'relll'l' to Chl'i"tianit~· "eing
c(·m;ent of the G. M. pre~ent. Dr. omitted. 0.2':
Beal. D. G. M., constituted a new TIll' II i"tOl'ical pod ion be!! ill" ,vit
lod)!e there, wher!' I wa~ chosen a gay a"sumption that Adam Il1U"t
l\I 1'." A.22!l have had the liberal scien(,l!. p:1I'
1722, Anderson's First Constitut- tkularl~' geometry, written '''I hi-
.
heart. '1.2(;
ion,,; approved by th e G. L .• and pu-
hlisherl ill Feb., 1722. though dale!1 1'111' 1 i~;: edition mention-
 \ (,HRO~OLOG\ OF :\USONIC HISTOR\ 17

'I \\() J)t'~rl't·s.

Apprenti('l' part ,
(I) The "Satmday Post", published in
(2) l<'. C. or :'11 asters Part. 0.30 October, stated that "Many eminent
The Duke of :\Tontague called G. L. Freemasons had by this time degrad-
"""ion in ,January to heal the ed themselves und gone over to the
'Breach of Harmony" and had Whar- Gormogons". P.210
lOll, who promised to be "True all I The Duke of Wharton goes oyel
Faithful"-pl'oclaimed Grand 1Ia!<ter. to the GormOg'on;;. Failing to use the
[~e(' y ar 17221, 1.21 Fraternity for political ambitions,
Thirty Lodges attended the April Wharton tUl'I'ied against it. 1.22
Communication of Grand Lodge. The Earl of Dalkeith succeeds
P.204 Wharton. L,36 and 1\1.227
The '\1inutes of (irand Lodge Com- First Minutes of Goose and Grid-
mt'net' 011 24th. June. P.180 Iron Lodge,
Haddon :\-IS. (In the G. L. of Eng-
It .. till I'emains a mystery why the land Museum). B,l57
first G. L. was organized without
Stukeley's Diary: "I read my dis-
a Secretary and kept no Minutes
until June 1724 (?). The Brethren 'ourse of Dorchest, Amphit, at the
Lodg" Oct. 4th., and delivered to ev-
of those days practised the truly
, ry Brother a Copy". A.22()
:'Ila!'onic virtues of silence and cir-
"umspection as much in the record. Exposure. "Grand Mystery of Free_
• fl in the Ritual. U 1 Illu;;onry Discovered" pUblished .
On the rlay G. L. wa: a s ~('mhling- A.90
1724, The Earl of Dalkeith propos-
1 un e, 1723- Wharton, a fanatic:,l
.1:I(!obite, was speaking- on hehalf nf "d in Gl:and Lodge the 'formation of
a Charity Fund. It met with enthu;;-
.lac'lllite candidates at the Guildhall
iastic !'\upport. L.36 and P.188
III the morning- while organizing fOI'
n ~truggl(' in thl (i. L. in the eyen- G rand Lodge had not yet extended
" . j,' l isdidion beyond London and
ing. 1.21
\\' estminster. P.204
The Premier U. L. of England re-
-olved that "henceforth no new Lodge The M. :\1. 01' 3rd. Degree acknow-
in or I]('ar London without it be reg- ledged as un "Accepted" rite about
172417, and separate private lodges
ularly constituted, should he coun-
were specialIy founded in 1724/7 for
tenanced by the G. L." Q.I.l
this sole object of conferring th"
)\ cUI'iou: Society, called the "Gorm- third. 0.26
"~()J\s" came into existence They The Minutes of the Musical Socie-
vere rivals of Freemasons. It is sug- ty show that the Lodge of the Queen» •
"e:;t('d that they were in reality a Head, in Hollis Street, London, was
Jacoliit(, ('Iuh. Theil' activities only using three distinct degrees in 1724.
la~ted a few years. A.112 P1D6
TIll' "Daily PORt" of ;lnI. Septem- :-.line Lodges in the Provinces
her contained un order in which it (England). acknowledge obedience to
\'US .-tated among other high sound- Grand Lodge, the first being the
ing declarations, that "no ~Im;on~ Lodge at the Queen's Head, City of
\ill be received as a member tiII he Bath. P.204
ha: renounced hi' noble ordel' and Exposure. "Secret History of Free-
hl'l'n properly deg-rad <In P.~OH IIH1S0I1S" puhlbhed in London. A.~()
18 A CHRO~OLOGY OF !\L\SOl'\IC HISTORY

1725. The true M. 1\I. word was retired to Grantham, thinking l,~
discovered on a M. M. tracing board country exercise to get the better ()~
about this time. 0.26 it. Here I set up a Lodge of Fret
Benjamin Frank lin, who was em- masons, who lasted all the time I
ployed in Watts printing house in lived there". A.2:W
London, tells of heavy drinking A Lodge said to have been esta-
a m 0 n g workmen and apprentices. blished at Prague about this time.
etc. L.19 A.1Ui
Division of ceremonies into Three 1 i2i. Fund of Benevolence est a
Degrees was bI'ought into effect blished by G. L. of England. A.:::.!
about 1725. L.41 The Annual Feast of G. L. brought
F irst PJ.·ovincial Gra'nd Master some diff ic ulty in management for
elected to preside over Cheshire. in 1727 it deve loped that out of 50U
A.184 tickets printed only 81 had been pai!l
A lodge was established in Pari::;, for 8 days before the event. L.:li>
F rance . A.ll1' 1728. A lodge est ablished at Ma-
Brother Chetwode Crawley (Co' drid by the Duke of Wharton .
mentaria H iber nica, Fasc. 2.) show~ K.50 and A.1l-'
that a Grand Lodge of Ireland exist- First Lodge established on foreign
ed at this time. A.114 soil. P.20 1
Grand Lod~e of ALL England [Not in agreement with items un-
Formed. A .115 der 1726].
The growth of the pl"emier G. L. 1729. The Grand Lodge of Ireland
of England (1717 ) attracted the at- Ieo l'ganized about 172\)/30, A.ll·\
tention of the Old Time Immemorial A Lodge wag set up in Prague b~'
Lodge at York; which proceeded to Count Spol'ck as early as 1729 [81'':
desig'nate itRelf-"The Grand Lodge also 1726]. I.6H
of All England", in 1725. This Priv- 1730. Exposures: Pritchard publish
ate Lodge became a G. L. and me: ed his Masonic exposure "Masonn'
at Merchant's Hall in the Cit y of Dissected". A.91
York on December 27th., and contin- "It must not be forgotten that we
ued to meet until about 1740, when read in this book that Brethren t ra-'
Lot h the G. L. and the private one veiled from the E. to the W. in order
became dormant. L.44 to seek for that which wa!' lost and
The Old Lodge at York, that an- is IIOW found." B.5
cient Mecca of F r eemasonry, had call- Claire Martin wTote a reply to
ed itself a Grand Lodge as early as Pritchard's Masonry Dissected, call·
1725. P.205 ed a "Defense of Masonry" which
The ancient City of York had long was issued in 1730 and reproduced
been a seat of the Masonic Craft, in the Com,titutions of 1738. A.5 2
tradition tracing it back to the days The Daily Journal of Aug. 15th ..
of Athelstan, W hether t he old socie- contained two articleR ·entitled. "Tht'
ty was pri yate or a G. L. is not pla in. Grand Vlhimsy of Masonry" and "Th"
1.32 Mystery and MotionR of Freema<;-
1726. Stuckeley's Diary: "June, Be- ollr~' Discovel'ed". A.91
ing sadly plagued with the gout. I [ I t i,o; 1 certain that at least one
 ..\ ("HRO;';OL()(;Y OF ~L\SONIC HISTORY 19

Lodge was working in Philadelphia XOlfolk (F:ngla'1d) tbere made the

in 1730, and which left records dat- Duke of Lorraine, afterwards Emperor
ing from 1731. M.304 of Germany, and the Duke of New-
Benjamin I<'ranklin in his Philadel- c:a!itle, Master Masons. B.l08
phia "Gazette;' for Rth. Decemb~r. First men tion of "Tyler" in the
1730, observed that there were Se\'- Mi n ute!i of the Grand Lodge of Eng-
l'ral Lodges of Freemai'lon~ "erccterl land. A.237
in th is Province". (He waR 'not yet James Keith, sold ier of fortune in
II Freemason). :\L30 1 the Russian Service, became Master
Duke of Norfolk, G. M. of' F:ng- of Lodge at St. Petersbur g. 1.64
land, gave deputation to Daniel C~xt'. Earliest Military Lodge Warrant
appoi nting him Pl'ovineial Grand i~ hued hy G. L. of Ireland to the then
Master of New York, New .Terse:;, "1st. Foot", now the "Royal Scots".
and Pennsylvania for a period of tW:1 A.I55
years. M805 Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania es-
f'il'st ;'Iuthority for Freemason as· tablished, but soon gave up its inde-
sembli(,g in America, issued by Duk •.' pendent ex iste nce and worked as a
of Norfolk to Daniel ('oxe, of N . .J.. Provincial GI'and Lodge. A.Ill
aJlPointing him Provo G. M. of N. F ranklin in his "Gazette" (Phil-
York, N . Jersey, and PE.'nnsylvania, a ldelphia) of June 9th., 1732, notes
but he seems not to have excerci e,) the organization of the G. L. of
his authority. P .206 Penn ylvania of wh ich he was ap-
As early as 1no, or even eal'iier, pointed a Warden, at the Sun Tav-
('omplaints were hea rrl of the "Irre· ern in Water Street. P .207
gular Making of Mai'lons'·. 1.24 Franklin made Mastel' of his Lodge.
Assessement of Lodges to aid M.307
Charity . Fund inti·oduced. [Given I 73:J. Freemasonry introduced into
l'li'lewhere as 1729]. L.3(j Ita ly. A.117
P. G. M. Anthony Sayers charged Lodge form ed at Florence by
in 1 no with "great il'l'egularities" Lord Charles Sackv ille. B .153
and that he was summoned to ap - G. L. of Dublin beaomes governing
pear before G. L., Dec. 15th ., 1730. body of the Irish Craft, 1.55
He was acquitted of the charge and The G,rand Mastel' of .E ngland is-
recommended to do "nothi n g so irre-
sued a deputation to Henry Price
i.(·ular in the future". L.3G of Boston appointing h im Provi ncial
17:11. Benjamin Frank lin was init_ G. M. of N~\V England and 'the dom-
iated in 17:31, ot' late in 1no. M.:30G lmon:; a nd territories thereunder
Franklin was initiated "accord ing belong ing." T his on April 13th.
to the old t'ustoms" r'ebruary, 173 1. M.306 and 1.77
1.77 Henry Price has the hono Ul' of be-
Franklin was initiated in 1730 /1. ing the " Father of Regular Mason-
P.207 ry in America. P.206
:\Iaking :\lasOl1s at Sight. Lord A G. L. in Boston formed by Hen-
Lovell. being G. M., "formed an oc- ry Price in July 1733, and Andrew
('asi'lIla l Lodge" and at Houghton Beleher, D. G. M. (This is the First
lIall. Sir Robt>rt Walpole,.; hou~e in .\meriran Grand Lodge). M.306
20 A CHRONOLOGY OF l\1.\SO~IC HlSTOR\

Provincial G. L. formed at the Price granted warrant for a Lodge

"Bunch of Grapes". (Boston). Q.31l at Portsmouth" New Hampshire,
The Oldest Regularly Established M.311l
Lodge of which there is any record G. M. of England aPl?ointed Robert
in the U. S. A. is St. John 's of Bos- Tomlinson Provincial G. M. for New
ton, established in 1733. M.30::l England to succeed He'nry Price (173!
The first lodg'c held under written dispatch believed to be in error).
authority in America was formed at M.308
the "Bunch of Grapes" King Street. A Lodge established in Switzer-
Boston. on 31st. August. 1733. 1.77 land. A.116
Earliest American ByJlaws Adopt- 173 7. ~rsecution: The Police of
ed. 1.78 Paris raided a Masonic Lodge, carrieu
1734. Franklin was appointed Pro\,. away its documents and paraphern-
G. M. of Pennsylvania (under Price, alia and subjected its members to
now Provo Gr. M. of His Majesty'" arrest and mistreatment. M.28G
Dominions in N. America) . 1. 78 G. M. of Englanu appointed Rich-
F rankli n was made G. M. of Phila- ard Rigg's, Provo G. M. of New York.
delphia but he was by no means con- M.31tl
\'inccd of it~ regularity. M.306 Persecution. Louis XV assumed an
Franklin promptly acknowledged hostile attItude to Freemasonry.
Price's author ity. M.307 B.5-l

Lodges esta blished in Holland. Exposures. "The Secrets of Ma>'-

Portugal. and Sweden. 1.64, A.116-7 onry l\Iade known to All Men", B~'
Robert Lacey appointed 1st. PTO\,.
S. P.
"The Myster~' of Freemasonry".
G. M. of Georgia. Q.120
"The Mysterious receptions of the
Solomon's Lodg'e No . 1 Savannah, celebrated Society of Freemasons".
Georg'ia, established. M.303 A.91
Solomon's Lodge Charleston, South A Lodge established at HambUrg'.
Carolina established. M.303 A.1111
Henry Price warranted a Lodge at 1738. The Master's Lodge of Bos-
Charleston. M.310 lon. organized by Price. Q.37
1736. Fil'st Mention of F. C. De- The G. L. at Boston authorized the
gree in U . S. A . 1.78 constitution of a Lodge at Charle,;-
John Hammerton appointed (1st.) ton (?) M.310
P. G. M. of South Cal'olina . Q.121 A Lodg'e worked in New York, but
States of IIollahd issue(1 a decre\! it is not known whether it was insti-
forh idd ing' Masonic assemblies. M.286 tuted by Coxe. M.310
:h:i lwinning- Lodge, which had bee:l A Lodge was established in Canada.
a Parent Lodge, gave up its inde- A.Il'
Jlendence and joined the Scottish G. Exposure. "Masonry further Jig-
L. at it's formation. E.4 sected" published in London. A.HI
Wi ll iam St. Clair of Roslin elected Persecution. Bull of Pope Clemente
1st. G. M . of Masons of Scotland on XII . i;;;sued condemning Freemasonry
fOl'mation of the Gr and Lodge of and excollll1lunicating all concerned
Scotland. A.214 in it. L.37 and A.i)!1
 A CHRONOLOGY OF MASONIC HISTORY 21

In 1738 the Vatican launched its Thos. Oxnard issued a warrant ap-
thunders against the Craft with dead- pointing Franklin Pro. G. M. of
1, effect. 1.70 Pennsylvania. M.309
Anderson produced a revised or 1743. G. L. of Scotland erected a
2nd. edition of the Book of Constitut- :\I ilitary Lodge in the "55th . Foot ".
ions of Freemasonry but without per_ A.156
mission ot the G. L. It it quite ap-
Persecution . .] ohn Coustos, a native
parent thllt he amplified the story
of Freemasonry and introduced a
of Berne, Switzerland, seized and
matter which is frequently a source tortured by the Inquisition, impris-
oned and finally condemned to the
of difficulty of the Masonic student
galleys for four years for being a
who cannot accept all he has stated
Mason and refusing to divulge the
as authentic historical facts. 0.29
secret of the Order. A.59
The 1738 edition mentions T hree
Degrees: (1) Entered Apprentice, Grande Loge Anglaise de France
(2) F. C. And (3) Master. 0.30 established. A.116
It was alleged by the Operatives ["P" g ives it as 1736].
that Anderson invented the Legend In a letter to Horace Mann in
of the Third Degree. 0 .30 1743, Horace Walpole remarked that
1739. Entry: "Captain Andrew }Iasonry was in so low repute in
Rng land that nothing but a persecut-
Tombes was made a Mason and "rais-
ion would bring it back into vogue.
ed" to a F. C. 1.78
I.26
1740. Grand Lodge of All England
dormant. L.44 1744. John Coustos (see 1743) case
Lodge "Star in the East" No. 67- was brought to the notice of the
oldest in India warranted. C.37 British Government, and he was re-
leased upon demand of the British
English patent as P r ovincial G. M.
Mi nif;ter at Lisbon. A.59
of Lodge in St. PetersbUl'g g'l'anted
to James Ke ith (see 1732) . Ui5 Persecution. The Police persecution
Persecution : Philip V., of Spain, is- came to a sudden end in 1744 after
sued an edict b,' which members of the celebrated raid on t he Lodge at
the Lodge of :'Iadrid were either the H otel de Soissons in P aris, when '
throw n into prison or sent to the g~l ­ t he landlord, Denis Ie Roy, was heav-
leys. I. 71 ily fined. (See 1737) . B.5-!
1741. A Charter regularly issued 1745. The last English Masonic
for a Lodge in Nor fo lk (Va.). M.310 "Procession of March". A. 2I8
1742. William Preston born in Exposure. "L'Ordre de France Ma-
F:dinburgh. L.44 <:ons trahi" published in Amsterdam.
Twenty one lodges existed in Paris. A.91
B.53 The Menu of an Instal}ation Din-
Lodges formed at Vienna and ner of the Old Lodge at J edburg:
Frankfort-on-the-Maine. P.205 Cost per dinner . . Eight pence.
Lord Ward, G. M. of England, Provision for Thirty.
designated Thos. Oxnard of Boston, Broath- Two large pieces of beef
I'rov. G. :\1. for North Americ3_ with green~-6 hens and a quart-
M.309 er of r oast mutton-3 dozen r olls
22 A. CHRO:\OLOG\ OF M \SONIC HISTOR\

and ten pints of thn'(>l'enny alc" , for a second lodge to meet at Royal
C.131j Exchange Tavel'n, Boston. was grant-
1146. Constitutions. A new title ed in Febraury. Q.:ri
I'a~'(' wa~ prefixed to the Constitut- A third lodg-e to meet at the Li ·
ion>' (rcmain ing: copies of the 1738 bl'rty House Tavern was warranted
edition) but otherwise no alteration in March. Q.:l7
waf; made. A.56 1750. First English Military Lodg'l'
171 i. Lord Byron. upon becoming' established and attached to the
G. 1\1. of England, promptly appoint- "31st. Foot". A.lSI;
([I William Allen of Philadelphia, G. [0' L'l'l'ma~onry spreads to Marylaltd
M. of Pennsylvania, and Franklin ac- and Connecticut. Q,l~
eepted A llen'~ appo intement as D.
F'el'Clinand Vll condemned Mason,
G. M , M.30!l
to death without trial or mercy.
1749. There was an English Pro- 1.71
yincial Grand Lodge' in Denmark at
The Indu~trial Rcyolution made it~
thi: time. 1.61
appearance in England, and capital.
\<'reema80nr~' spread~ to Rhode b- so necessary to the utilization ot
land. Q.12 power on a larg-e scale, was availablr,
Deputation of the Provincial G. M. L.1!j

Part Five
) i;jl. Lord Byron appointed Fran- to the 0 It! Institution ", Six Lodgl"
eb Goelet Proy. G. M. for New York. organized, LA)
M.3l0 July 17th, 1751-A Grand Lod~p
Pratt'~ Irish Constitutions. P.217 according to the Old Institutio'
Edict of Pope Benedict XIV. Con- (York, AthoH, or Antients) saw th.,
firming anrl supplementing. bull of light. 0.31
1738. 1'1.287 'Estahlishment of a body which af-
ierwards becam(' thl' Grand Lodge
THE DIV[SION
of the Antients, A,8:~
A. rival Grand Lodge was ol"!.raniz- Thi8 new body mainfained that
I'd on Feb. 5th 1751. at th(' Griffin they alone preserved the Ancient ten_
Tayern. Holbol'l1, London. and the et~ and practices of l\1a~onry, and
following yeaI' became known as the that the regular lodgef; had alten'd
"Most Ancient and Honourable' Fra- the Landmal'k~ and made innovation"
ternity of Free and Accepted Mas- as they undoubtedly had done about
ons". 1.28 the yrRI' 1730, when "Masonry Dis-
[Note following ven;ions], sected" (Pritchard) appeared. Henc,,"
July 17th" l75l-0rganized meet- • th,' nrwly formed hody assumed the
ing at Turk's Head Tavern, Greek title "ancient" Masons, and called
Street, London, under n a m e of their riYal" of the old Grand Lodge.
"Gland Lodl!"e of Englan d According "modern ..". A.HI
 A eHROl OLOG\ OF MASOXIC HISTORY

The precise causes which led to (8) Ritualistic changes involvinl!

the establishment of this Gran-i words and signs,
Lodge are not quite clearly ascertain- (9) Erasure of chartered Lodge.-
ed, but it has been satisfactorily from the G. L. reg-is tel', L.3U
e~tablished by Bro. Henry Sadler
Erasures were due to Lodges not
in his "Masonic Facts and Fictions" "paying in their Chal'ity", Erasure"
that the new body consisted at first, due to discontent 1.27 and 1.2il
(If Irish Masons, settled in London,
45 lodges were erased b~' the Mod,-
and not of schismatics who deserted
erns from 1742 to 1751/2. One sourCl'
the old lodge, as was at one time
of the gains made by the "antients"
supposed to be the case. The two
after organizing in 1751.) LAO
bodies continued in rivalry until 1813,
when the present United G ran d 17;')2. Laurence Dermott "t hat
Lodge of England, Ancient and Free most audacious, enthusiastic, \'ehe-
and Accepted Masons, was formed ment, and indefatigable genius in the
h~' the \'irtual surrender of the "mod- annals of Freemasonry, was elected
erns". A.20 Grand Secretary of the antients" ,
I.2U
CAl'SES RESULTING IN THE The records show that some of the
DIVISION Lodg'es which did not join in the "re-
\'ival" movement of 1717, were known
(1) Fear, not unjustified by facts, as late as 1752. Such Lodges assembl-
that the ancient democracy of the ed under what was known as "time
Order had been infringed by certain immemorial" rights. They were eon
acts of the G. L. of 1717. ~idered "irregular Brethren", LAU
(2) Tendency to give distinctive Geol'g'e \I/ashington initiated -lth
'Christian tinge to Freemasonry, in Nov. in the Lodge at Fl'edricksbur!!,',
the interpretation of the symbols ancl, Virginia , (He is reported to ha\'e
later, the Ritua l itself. been under the age of 21 yeal's nt
thi;; time). A.Q.C.XLlII. 18"
(3) Scottish and En~lish Freemas-
The First Ancient Lodge in Boston
onr~ did not harmonize,
met and organized at the Green Dra-
(4) Pride of l ocalit~, and historic
gon Ta \'ern. (Not in agreement with
memories led to inde'pendent organi- 1755 item ,) Q.37
zation. 17:13. Locke MS. This well known
(:J) TIll' ever pn',.;ent element of eatechism first appeal'ecl in the "Gen-
l'er~onal ambition, P,214 tleman':; Magazine".
(6) Adoption ~,f article 1, of the The catechi8m is headed:
(har,gl'~ of a FrCI1I11S0n as part of "Certayne questyions wyth awn-
the new Constitution of 172a which ~weres to the same, concernynge the
I ermittet! the m('1ll hership of non- l\l~·stery of Macomye, wl'yttene by
Christians, the Rande of Kynge Hemye the
(7) He'tl'iction imposed by Article Sixthe, etc." A.14~
1:1 of thL' General Regulations (June Lord Catysfort-G. 1\1. of England
~-l. 1721). "Apprentice must be ad- -appointed George Harrison. PI'O-
mitted ::\Iaster~ and Fellow Craft vincial G, :\1. of Kew York. Ke\'
(1111~' hl'l'e (in (;, L.) l1nles~ by di~­ Ylll'k',: real ::\!a"onie Hi4or~' start>'
pen~ation ", 1\1.:1 U
24 ,\ CHRO~OLOGY OF ~lASONIC HISTORY ,

A Pl'O'-. G. L. organized and rluly rlependent of England and assumed

c'onstituted in December, in l'<ew the title of the "Grande Loge de
Yor k. :\1.311 France". A.116
Freellla~onlT ~preach; to :t\ orth National G. L. of t he Netherlands
Carolina . Q.12 founded_ A.l1 (j
Earliest Imow minute referring to Engraved certificates of member-
i·d ual "'orking- of the R . A. Degl'ee ship authorised. L.37
in America (Fredericksburg- Lodge) . Antients: Ear 1 of Blessington
1.82
made First Nohle G. M. in Decembe\'
Geol'ge Washington r aised. -till 175D160. P .217
A.Q.C. XLIII. 188. Constitutions: Dermott issued his
Antients-Rober t Turner, electerl First Const. Book of Anc. G. L. (Ahi-
<1 nd installed First Grand Master for man Reton). LAI
~ ix months, Detcm ber 5th, 1753.
Derm ott published first book of
L.41
laws of t he Antients, entitled "Ahi -
17:;·1_ P . G. L. of South Caro li na man Rezon", or "Help t o a Brother".
(moderns) (~ec also 1787). V.7 P.216
36 Lodg'es of the "antients" on the Extract: "A Mason is obliged by
1'011 (Eng-lano ). L.41 his t enure to observe t he moral law
Rohert Turne r l'e-elected G. lVl. of as a true ~oa (' hida". (The ter m
the Anticnts in J une. L.41 N oachida refelTing- to the belief tha~
Edwa rd Vaug'han elected G. M. of Masons a r e desc<cnded fr om Noah).
\ 1](' Antients in December , 1754. 1.:;0
L.42 Office of Deacon ol'i g-inates with
Exposure : Pnhlication of "Free- the Antients. P .217
masonry Examined" (A Parody). 177>7. I-I alTi~on, Pro,". G. :\1. of
A.D J Ne w York, is,.;ucd a warrant to St.
17:;;;_ Jere my Gridley installed G. .John's Lodge No. 2, ~ew York, De-
:\1. of Ma~Mchu setts . M.312 cember 7th; no w No. 1 on t he roll
Exposure: "A Mason's Confessiort". of G. L. of !\ ew York. :\1.31 1
A.91 The first Antient Lodge Chartered
Earliest Atholl Warrant in exist- in American was No. 65. P r ovo G. L.
ence, viz ., that issued to Enoch of Nova Scotia . L.·U
Lodge, and bears date 1755 (N ot in 1758. Antients issue varra nt to !\"
agreeme nt wi th 1752 item ) . T.4G 69 Philadelphia. L.43
Eldest son of Nawab of the Car- F r edericksburg- Lodge taken oyer
nat ic initiated at Tr inchinopoli Lodge by the Antients. I.82
No . 355, India, (C-77 and K-71 say- 1760. Naval Lodge en board H.}\I.
J775). D.17G S.' "Vanguar d" wunanted. (M oved to
1756. Constitutions: 31'd Edition London in 1768 , and is now London
nppeared, edited by the Rev. John Lodge No. 108). A.221
Entick, an(1 consisted of 500 copies G. L. estab l i~ h ed in Sweden .
on small , and 250 copies on large A.116
paper. A.56 G. 1.. of P ru,",sia formed 1.67
G. L. Ang-lail'e declared itself in- S~"mpathi~er" with Antient :\Io\'e-
 .\ CHRONOLOGY OF ~L\SONIC HISTORY 25

ment in England formed a Lodge in performed any other funetion in

B os~on (St. Andrews), and l'eceived Lodge until the year 1760 when on a
a warrant of constituti on from the motion in the Grand Lodge of Eng-
(;. L of Scotland. M.312 land, it was made one of the GT.
A self-constituted Lodp:e, (St. An- LTS. W.63
drews) received a Scottish warrant Charity: "Resolved that the sum
(granted four years before). 1.80 of Fifty Pounds be sent to Germany
Prior to promulgation of the An- to he distributed among the soldier s
tient Landmarks in 1723, we have no \\o'h o al'e Masons in Prince Ferdi-
(C\,idence that any use was made {of nand's army whether English, Han-
the Bible in Lodge except to obli- overians, or Hessian s". L.38
!rate candidates upo n it. The acces~;ion of King George III ,
F.129. "01. 2 is Ll sually taken as the beginning of
There i ~ no evidence that the Bihle the re\'olutionary I)eriod. Q.35

Part Six
1761. In April. St . John '::; G. L thence to Somers et House in 1766.
(Boston) passed a vote of outlawry A.221
ag'ainst "A Lodge of Scotch Masons Exposure: "Ja<;hin and Boaz".
IJ1 Bostoll -meaning St. Andrews. A.91
Q.38 1 i 63. William Preston became a
Frel'll1a~onry spreads to N'ew J el'- i\lason abo ut 1763 in a Lodge meet-
"('y. Q.12 ing at the White Hart Tavern, Lon-
Other Philadl'lph ia wal'l'ants issued don. (Later t h is Lodge beca me No.
1,:-, the Antients . L,43 111 on the roster of the Antients.
Grand Lodge of all Eng-land Uevi\'- They t hen >;eclIl'ed a charte r fro m the
:\iodern>;, and the Lodge subsequent-
l'cI: h~' () of its survi\'inv: me m bers
/contin ued ti ll 17!1L). P ,215 ly became Caledonian Lodge No. 325,
no w No. 134). L,44
They wc re revived at t he House From 1763 to 1773 the opposition
of Mr. II. llowarrl, in Lendall, in the of the Colonies to the efforts of K ing
"aid City of Yo r k, 17t h Marc.:h, 1761. George the Third, and his Ministers,
:\0 ('\'i dpnl'l! of its ex istence aft er t o ha ve the m pay part cost of the
1792. L.44 F r ench and Indian Wars, was led by
Less than 12 lodges were chartered Floeemasons, and Masonic Lodges
I)y thi~ body f1'olm date of constitut- were among the chief centres of ef-
ion to 1790. L.44 fect ive resistance. Q.35
F rancis Dr ake, M. D., F , R. S., be- 1764. Anti ent Go L. of England
t:al11e t~. 1\1. at York upon its r evival, warranted a Pro v'!. G. L. in Penn-
and held office for one year. A.73 syh 'ania, and soon completely domi-
1762. Naval warrant issued to nated the Modern opposition.
lodge on board H . M. S. "Pr ince" at M.312
Plymouth. Lodge removed on board Other Philadelphia wa l'l'ants iSRued
Ir. :\1. ~. "Glladaloupe" ill 17(;4, and by the Antients . L.43
26 A CHROXOLOGY OF M \SO~lC HISTORY

Constitutions: Dermott',; 2nd Edit- drew' Lodgc-wa. organized on :t.

iun. L.41 John's Day 1767, with Joseph \~'ar'
Exposure: "Hiram 01' the G. 1\1. ren as G. :\1. of Masons in Boston
Key". A.91 and within 100 milcs of the city.
P.224, Q.13 and un
Bombay District G. L. formed.
C.73 1768. Naval Lodge on board H. 1\1.
176;), Exposure: "Shibboleth, 01' S. "Canceaux" at Quebec wanante,1
e\'ery man a Freemason". A.91 (Erased in 1792). A.222
English Lodges set up in Belgium Grand Lodge of England proposed
in Alost in 1765 (others in Ghent, plan for raising fund to build Hall-
1/68, and Mons in 1770) . . 1.63 Oct. 28th. L.a
Freemasonry spreads to Delaware. 1769. St. Andrews and the thrl;l
Q.12 military Lodge (see 1767) wen'
1766. Exposures: "Solomon in all granted a warrant of constitution a
all his Glory" "Mahhabone, 01' the G. a Grand Lodge by thc G. L. of Scot-
L. door opened". A.91 land. New body called itself thl'
"Massachu::;ctts Grand Lodge" (Ant-
1767. Constitutions: 4th Edition
ients), the old one being known a
prepared by a Committee, published.
"St. John's Grand Lodge".
A.56
M.312, U.7 and Q.W
Grand Lodge of Spain formed.
Exposure: "The Freemason Strip-
A.1l7
ped ~aked". A.!J2
Exposure: (Circa 1767) "Tubal
1770. Evidence recentl) f 0 u n (I
Kain". A.91
points t6 the existence in Londo!
Madras District Lodge (G. L.) from 1770 to 1775 of yet another
formed. C.73
Grand Lodge, apparently formed b~
Making Masons at Sight: some Scotch Masons, with somc foul
Lord Blaney, G. M. convened "an 01' five lodges under its control.
occasional Lodge" and confened A.115ft;
three degrecs on the Duke of Cum- There had even ari!'en in LondoJl
berland. B.108 n sclf con:tituted Scotch Grand Lodgl
Gridley died and was succeeded by which had five lodges under it, but
John Rowe. 1\1.312 it collapsed in 1776. ~·
K .1
Steps were taken to f01'm a rival "¥e I"eavin sciences" (of our 2nd
Prov'l G. L. under Scottish obedience degTee lecture) developed h~' Willian ,
by St. Andrews and Three Militan' Preston about 177 . L.~-;
Lodges attached to the British Army In Pennsylvania the victory of th.·
-all foul' using the Antient system.
Antients O\'Cl' the Moderns was an
(Wal'l'antcd 1769) . 1.81
nihilating. so much so that hy 1770.
The Green Dragon Tavern at Bos- ~J II :'IT odem Lodge~ had ceased t\
ton, referred to by Webster in 1823. exist (?), and the Antient Grand bod~'
as the "Headquarters of the Revolu - was setting up Lodges beyond th~
tion". P.223/4 bonIer,.; of Pennsylvania, in other pro
It was also a Masonic Hall, in the vince". 1.1I!
Long Room of which the G. L. of The Bo!'ton Massacre. !\larch :>th,
Massachusetts-an offshot of St. An- A "entinel posted at the CustOIll.'
 A CHRONOLOGY OF MASONIC HISTOR\ 27

House \Va;; attacked by a body of r':arl of AntL·im,. G. M. of Ireland .

citizens fol' either pushing, or strik- 177:: to 177D. (Was also G. M. of the'
ing a boy with his musket. Troop s Antipnt" in England from 178~:-
sent to his relief were met with a 1791). L. l '~
volley of snowballs and pieces of icc .
During the uproar the soldier fired The Boston Tea Riot,,:
into the mob, killing five and wound- The 'Tea Party' according to th·
ing- seven. The hostile a ttitude of Tradition of St. Andrew~ Lodge.
the people sUb:;equently caused th<.! orig ina ted within its walls and wa:;
troops to r emove to Ca"tle William. carried out under its leadership.
The hi~t,)rian of Massachusetts in- Q.51
forms u~ that the incident had im- 1771. I're~ton elected \\'. M. of An-
portant Masonic com;equences. tiquity Lodge .June 15th. 177-1. LA:;
Q.46-7 By further 8c()tt i ~h patent, Warren
1771. Joseph Montfort commision- wa~ appointed G. M. for the Contin-
ed by the Grand Lodge of England. ent of Ameri<:a. 1.81
a>' Provincial G. M. of North Am - About this time Boston had six
eric-a. fO l' lodg-es at Newbern (1772). Lodges:
Kiston (1777), Edinton (1775) Wind- a IHodern .
sor (1775) and \Vinton (1775) in 1 Lodge composed of P . Ms, and
North Carolina. Q.122 others who had been raised t'J
John .Johnson, G. M. of New York. the Master's Degree.
M.31:1 2 Scotch Lodge~. Q.::G
The Third Duke of Atholl, G. M. Military Occupatiun of Boston.
of the Antients up to 1774. A.30
Comparison of the Antient and Green .
Modern Rolls in England at thiR 177::'. The fonrth Duke of Athol!.
time : G. M. of the Antients up to 178l.
LODGE~
A.31l
The 4th Duke of Atholl waR G. 1\1
London . Country . Foreign. of Scotla nd and England at the saml'
Antienb 74 83 43 time. P.22'
Modern .... 157 164 100 MaRonic Hall. London. dedicate.!
L.41 May 2~rd. Ul-l
1772. Lord Pet/'e, G. M. of the \Yillialll Preston. the father Gf our
Moderns in England from 1772 to 2nd Degree lecture. tell" us in hi,
1776, was a devout Roman Catholic. "Illustrations of Freemas 0 n r y"-
L.37 "When the rig-onr of season first
1773. G. L. of F r am'e becomes the obliged men etc." L.22
Grand Orient of France. A.lIn The third section of his book 1,
Vibert say 'A body was set up in commence,,; "From the com mencement
1773. which is thl' present G. Orient of the Worlel. we may trace the
of France. Earliest Lodges in France foundation of Masonry". M.2!1
formed their own G. L in 1736"
K.67 .\:\1ERIC.\~COLONIES IN
[luke of Atholl, G. r.1. of Scotland. REVOLT:
L.42 'Concord - Lexingtori - Washing-
2 .\ Cl-lRO~OLOGY OF MASONIC HISTOR\

ton besieged Boston - Bunker HilL pendent and Sovereign G. L. in Amcr-

Grcei1 ica. 1.87
Warren killed at Bunker Hill. 1.87 Washington declined the honour of
At the time of the \\"ar of Indepen· First G. M. of Virginia because he
dence there were seyen Provincial has never been Master or 'Varden of
Grand Lodg'es under one jurisdiction a Lodge. A. Q. C. XLIII. 18!1
or another. K.6!J
The Rev. W illiam Dodd, Ll. D ..
At the time of the Revolution then' First Grand Chaplain of Englan']
were perhaps 100 station'y Lodge~ (appointed 1775) was executed for
and 50 military Lodges, of which; fOl'g'ery in spite of vigorous effort:
9 were Scottish Const. to obtain his pardon. A.7Z
23 Irish
5 Antient Several Masonic Historians declare
13 Modern. M.318 that there i~ no evidence in the old
records of the Craft of more than
Chaos-Both Antients and Modern~ One Degree in the Ancient Operative
were cut off from G. L . beyond seas. Lodges, if, indeed, it can be called a
The TOl'ies maintained the ascend en- degree at a ll in our sense of the
('y in the Modern jurisdiction, whil~ word. Such Degrees as the F. C. and
the Revolutionists maintained the as- M .M. were not known and ' did not
cendency in the Antient Jurisdict- exist prior to this date. I. 7
ion. M.313-4
P r eston's Lodge resolved to attend
Fellowship was suspended-but it
Church Sen'ice in Masonic clothing
\\'as not severed . . . Indeed at no time
in spite of G. L. forbidding the pub-
did the G. L. of England ask, much
lic appearance in regalia. LA:')
It',;" exact, any lax, levy 01' subsidy
from any Colonial Lodge, and it doc: 1778. Preston, as Master of the
nut ask it to-day of ' the Colonial Lodge of Antiquity, ,vas expelled by
Lodges that remain under its juris- the G. L. of the Moderns for return-
dilion . If instead of taxing the Col- ing with Brethren in their Masonic
(,nics to pay debts incurred by Eng- clothing from attending Divine Ser-
land they had acted after the manner vice. A.17!)
of tire Mother Grand Lodge-how P.217
On 27th Dec. 1777.
(iil'ferent the result might have been.
1.83 Preston's L(Jdg-e withdrew from (;.
L. and formed an alliance with the
1776. An appendix to the Constitu-
Old G. L. of All England at York
tiuns was issued, written by Bro.
\\ illiam Preston. A.57 Cit:\,.
They were received by the York G.
Lodge des Neuf Soeul's founded in L. and soon thereafter obtained a
Paris but collapsed in 1792. B.55 constitution for a G. L. of England
Declaration of Independence - 4th South of the River Trent (see 1779) .
.July. P.218
1777. The Graud Lodge of Mas- 4th Duke of Atholl G. M. of Scot-
;;achusetts (Anticntg) - First Sover-
land . from 1778 to 1779. L,42
ei!-(u and Independent G. L. in the
l' nited Stat·es established. A.nO Dermott's :1rd Constitutions. (An-
Yirgin;a he(,ollle~ the Second Inde- tients). LA1
 A CHHONOLOGl OF MASOXIC HISTORY 29

James Monroe initiated at Wil- governed the Gra nd Lodge of Eng-

liamsburg, Virginia . land. T.8
A. Q. C. XLIII. 188
1783. William Randall, Earl of
1779. Grand Lodge of England Antrim, G. M. of the Antients (Eng-
outh of the River Trent formed, land) from 1783-1791. L.4:3
owing to a dispute between the mem- Duke of Cumberland G. M. (Lord
ben; of the old Lodge of Antiquity in Effingham D. G . M.) appointed Hen-
· ,ondon. and the G. L . of the Modem;; ry Hanlford, Provo G. M. of Mary-
( ' ee 1778). A.115 land . A. Q. C. XLIII. 67
Preston formed G. L. of England Grand Lodge of Maryland founded.
tho of the River Trent from group~ U.I
x Lodge of Antiquity and Lodge 1
The Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania
(Perfect Observance) and Lodge 2 constituted its elf an Independent
(Per;;('vel'anee and Triump h ). L,44 body. 1.87
Thi", body was chartered by the The G. L. of Pennsylvania con-
'. L. of All England on March 2!)th stituted itself an independent body by
779. L.44 re~ ol ution which they fo r warded to
Thb bod>' only constituted two Engla nd, intimating that as the two
ubordi nate lodges. P.218 countries had become separated in
Grand Orient of Geneva organized. govemment, it was thought desirable
1.70 that each of the countr ies should
1780. The G. L. of Pennsylvania have their own separate Masonic
Iroposed the app oi ntment of .a G. M. jurisdictions, and therefore, the G.
of ?la;;ons thr ougho ut the U. S. A., L. of Pennsylvania expressed the
and Washing-ton no minated by ba l- wish that friendly relations that had
ot but project fe ll thr ough. existed proviously would always be
A. Q. C. XLIII. 18D maintained.
:\Iusic. :Ylozart initiated at the age The G. L. of England heartily ac-
of 2·!, II (' \vas a member of t he Lodge cepted the new constitution, stating
"Zur Gekl'onten H offnung". He com- that they agreed with the Amer ican
)os('<1 a ('onsiderahle amount of mu~- Brethren that in the circu mstances,
· c fol' Masonic pm'poses, including at the close of the conflict, it was
;i~ deri(ledly Masonic Opera "Die well that so,:ereign juridietion on
'7aUbel'flote". C.155 both sides of the sea be maintained,
and offering a prayer that for all
17R 1. Yorktown : The U. S. final -
time the friend ly relations which had
> a~sumed the t oga virilis of inde-
always existed between English and
[ )entienc:e at Yorktown when Corn-
American Masonry, and had not been
·,a lli". ablest of British generals, sur-
hoken, e\'en during civil strife,
tendered to the American forces led
might remain intact. 1.87-8
· y Brothel' Alexande r Hamilton, with
rother Knox in charge of the artil-
TREATY OF PEACE
letT. Q.128/\J
1il'l2. A Provi ncial (Antient) G. L. At thc end of the conflict the Craft
organized in N~w York by t hree took up its labours a nd went for-
local and ~ix army lodges. l\I.3l;'j ",al·d. A. between the Antients ann
From l7HZ to 18la a Royal Prince the Model'11$ it is a curious circum-
30 _\ CHRO:\OLO(;Y OF MASONIC HISTORY

stance .. . that with notable exceptions During the Revolution many lodge,:;
the Anc'i ents supported the cause of were constituted without G. L. autho-
the Coloni,ts, while the ;l.iodems in- rization, estimated at 200 warrants
elined to the side of the Motherland. by not less than 13 Grand Lodges.
Taken as a whole, had it not been Of the 56 sig'ners of the Declarat-
for the attitude of the Ancient ion of Imlependence, 5:3 were said to
Lodges, the story of Freemasonry in be Masons. M.314
t he Revolution might have been al1-
other history, and its position in The hodies. one by one, claimed in-
America today very different from depr-ndence of English sovereignity.
what it is. 1.83-4 M.316

Part Seven
1784. Constitutions: 5th Edition :llJ, Penn., on the occasion of his visit.
published, edited by Bro. John A. Q. C.-XLIlI-18!J.
No 0 l' tho u c k with a frontispiece TREATY OF PEAC~U. S. A.-
dated 1786 by Cipriani, Bartolozzi and ENGLAND-RATIFIED
others. It was the last to contain the
Historical introduction which occupie,; 1786. As late as April 24th., 1786,
;150 pages in it, and also the Masonic two brothers were proposed members
Muse, without which, at one time, no ()f Domatic Lodge 177, London, and
book on Freemasonry, was 'onsidered were rejected because they were not
complete. A.157 Ullerative ;\lasons. (Some Lodge~
G. L. of England (Moderns) grant- would never <1rimit Speculatives.)
ed negros under Pr ince Hall, a Char- P.160
ter, the Lodge being named "African G, L's of Pennsylvania, Georgia and
Lodge No. 4!)!l" (In 1792 became No. ~ew .Jersey l'stablished.
(See ahio
:l70, This warrant did not reach Hall 178:)) . U.7
until 1787. A.162 ) 7!l7. Alexandria Lodge No. :31l
A riva l Grand Lodge (l<l:ance) ap- (Penn.) of which Washing·ton wa,,; a:1
peared, viz., "Grand Chapter General H on, member, transferred its al·
of France." B.54 legiance to Virginia, and applied for
a Charter naming in the petition
A Grand Lodge, with 4!) subordinate Washington, with his consent, first
Lodges formed at Prague (Austria). Master under the new conHti tution~.
A.1l6
but Washington never occupied the
New York Provincial G. L. closed (hail'. A. Q. C. XLIII-l8!)
l!pon the nomination of Ro bert Liv- Dermott's 4th Constitutions (An-
ingston as G. M. This marks the tients.) L.n
heginning of independent existence of Grand Chapter General of France
the G, L. of New York. M.316 un ited with Grand Orient B.51
Under the dual mem bership plan, Grand Lodges of South Carolina,
Washi ngton was malle an Hon. Mem- North Carolina, and New York ('?)
ber of the Lortge at Alexandria, No. formed. l ' .1 ~
 A CHROXOLOGY OF MASONIC HISTORY :n

King George 4th (then Prince of initiated in the Lodge at Trim in De-
"-ales) was initiated on the 6th Feb- cember. He took no further degree~.
ruan' 1787. B.7a A. Q. C. XV -117
Masons at sight. According to The Prince of Wales (later Georg,~
Preston, t he Prince of Wales wa:; IV) elected G. M. of England (Mo-
made a Mason "at an occasional .derns) till 1813. (See note 1787 re hi"
Lodge for the purpose at the Star an,j initiation.) A.83 & B.15:!
Garter, Pall Mall, London, by the 1791. 4th Duke of Atholl G. M. of
Duke of Cumberland". B.108 the Antients up to 1813. A.30
Grande Loge closed on account of
1788. Royal Masonic School for the French Revolution. B.55
Girls (Moderns) was established. L.411 G. L. of Rhode Island, established.
It was founded by ChavaIier Bar- D.7
tho lomew Ruspini, Sword Bearer. L.:~~ 1792. Grand Lodge of all England
collapsed. A.115
It was called at the outset the P.215 gives date as 1791 L.46 says-
"Royal Cumberla n d Freemasons' 1792.
School", CJI Massachusetts Rival G. Ls . (An-
1789. Cnited States Constitution;; tient and Modern) amalgamated.
in effect March ,tth. 1789. M.311i
1793. Laying of corner stone of
Grand Lodges of Connecticut anll
the Capitol was carried out with
New Hampsh ire formed. U.':
Masonic ceremonial.
49 warrantfl were issued by the AII- A . Q. C. XLIII-18H
tients up to 1789 to Military LodgPH Grand Orient struggled thl'oug'h till'
toy means of which Maflonry was car- French Revolution period to 1793. Its
ried to distant places in both hemi- G. M. fell under the guillotine. B.55
spheres. L.42 1794. G. L. of Vermont formed.
D.7
The Moderns by 1789 had gl'8dually
179:1. The 1784 Austrian G. L. and
developed an elaborate Ritual of mor-
al teaching, based on the V. S. L. subordinate Lodges died out when th(,
and first book of Constitutions. 0.31 Edict Ol'dered dissolution of all secrel
The Grand Lodge of England South societies in the Austrian dominion,.
A.lId
of the River Trent collapsed, upon
Preston and friend s being restored TO Gran Loge revived. B.55
the privileges of the Society. A.17J 1796. Masons at sight. Min ute Book
entry of Witham Lodge No. 2n7 (G. L.
G. L. of England Sth of the River of England) . "June 13ih 1796-Fol'
Trent ceased to exist, having adjusted divers causes us hereunto moving w,'
their differences. A.1H do b~r these presents dispense with the
Having failed-in ] 789-Preston usua' pre"ious notice of initiating, anrl
and his friends recanted their folly . we do permit the Rev. Will iam Gra,
apologised to the G. L . . . . and were of the Cathedra l Church of Lincoln
received back inio the fold P.218 to be initiated into these mysteries at
Preston was reinstated by the G. L. this Lodge". T.7
of England-All honours and dig- 1797. First official overtures matil'
nitie:; were restored to him . L.45 by the Antients with a view to Union
1790. The Duke of Wellington wa . with the Modern~. LAIl
 .\ CHRO:\OLO(;' OF ~L\SONIC HISTOR\

The propo~al wa" \ ot('d dowll in I he Jlri~on of til(' 1nquisition \\ here h

A ntient G. L. I.'l7 li\'C'd for nearly 1h1'ee yeurs, ancl fin,
Washington, addl'l.'s,;inj.( (;. L. (l ally escaped. A.t;2
:\Ia"a(:hu~ett", saiel: "1\1 y atta(:hment I~mphati(' ('xpl'('ssion voiced iJy th
to the Society of which we are melll .\ ntients to the dfect that Ma~(1I1.
hers will dispose me always to contJ'i, nwde in Lodges of the Moderns could
hute my best endeavours to promot(> not be received in Ludges of the A11-
111<' honour and prosperity of the tipnts. L.lt;
Craft". U.8
IS03. Grand Sl'('l'l'tary of the
1798. Royal Masonic School fOI (i"'lt,.;, Bro. Tho,.;. lTarper, who \\u
Boys estahlished by the Antients. 1':,;peciaJly opposed to a Union with
(I':ngland.) A.34 the Moderns was expelled through
Royal :'1asonic School for Boy,; \Va .OIlW IInwi,;e actions beJieved to hu\,'
('~tahlished for the purpose of cloth- been engendereel hy selfish con!'ider-
ing and educating the sons of deceas- utions. LAIi
I'd or indigent Freema"ons. C.l:: ISO:;. Duke of Sussex elected hon-
Washington, replying to a request crary (;I'and :\J Uf<ter of the :\lodel'ns,
"10 prevent the h6rrid plan for cor- L.47
I'upting tht' Bl'('thren of th(' English Ik(l(;, (;. L. of ()('luwure e:;tuhli~h-
Lodg'es over which you preside," ed. U.7
wrote: ". , . in error you have run into In th .. Y<'UI' 180!) we find th(' first
of my presiding over the English
mention of the introduct ion of Free-
Lodg'es in this country. The fact is I
masonry into Mexico. G.I
I" ('Hide over none, nor have 1 been ill
1R07. Another (7th) I·:dition "fill!
one more than once or twice within
t Iw la't ;30 year." A..Q.C. XLIII-IOl' molt's Constitutions. L.II
ISOR. South Carolina C.Ls. (Ant-
1799. The Sedition Act (England)
i('nt . and Model'll) eff<'cted a {'nion.
alludes only to Freemasons in order :\J.:l1 ;
to I?Tant thC'm exception. Laws wen?
(;. L. of Ohio e'ltahlish('el, i' -;
passed \\'ith the. object of suppressing
~(ditious Hltieties, (In order to claim
"African Lodge" and t\\'o othcr Ill'
g'ro LodgeR formed the A fl'it-an G. I..
l'xemption and thm; avoid being deem-
A.lti:;
pd an "unlawful combination," the
names of members of a Lodge mu~l 1809. Break in the Union of thl'
he l'egi~tel'ed annually with the Clerk South Carolina Lodg-t's. :\J.:llfi
of the P('ace.) . A.227 Fir'lt suc('('ssfu l step toward~ tlll'
Union of the A nticnts and l\1 ocl('l'I1"
1800. Grand Lodges of Portugal and in England taken when the l\lodl'rn~
Kentucky e~tablished. A.117-U.7 warranted a Loelgt' of Pl'olllulg-at ion
A.nother (5th) Edition of ])('rmott's to !ltudy ritualistic differenl·ps. I..lli
(·onstitutions. L.41 Committees of the Antient~ and th,·
1801. l)th Eelitiun of Dermott's Con- Modems were meeting and rpport in~
.. I itutions. L.4! on the propriety and pl'atticahility of
1802. A oout this time Brothel' If. .J. Union, P.22f)
Da Costa was arrested in Lh;bon fOI' Time is a g'l'!'at healer of all tl'Oll-
I'cilll! a F. M. and suffered six month..; hIes, and a basis of agreement wa,;
~olital'~' ('onfin(,l11ent. then taken to formed by till' :'J odel'n" and A nti('nt
 A CHIW~OLOG\ OF MASO~I(, HISTOR\

n April 1::!lh. The )'loderns waived in lR]:l. o.a:!

h(·ir 17R!l restrictions. and eventualh' The labours of the Lodge of P1'O
"ave way on other points, so 0;1 Oc-t. ll1ulp:ation endE'd in March. LAn
lith a warrant \\as i~sued to form It G. L. of District of Columbia form
per ial I.od~(· of Promulgation t" cd. U.7
romulg-ate the Antient Landmark-. 1812. The Duke of Athol! retired in
f the Craft. O.:l1
favour of tht' nuke of Kent. (An
1811. By ~Iarc-h, the Ancients and t ients.) I.:lH
Moderns had come to a definite ag"l"Pt' G. L. of Louisiana e~tabli;;hed. U.7
ment. wh ich was consummated by 620 Lodges on the roll of the Mo -
~ignature of the Articles of Un ion dcrn ~ . (England.) M.26x

Part Eight
H!I :1. Antient Lodge" (England) Oil On December 27th, 1813, the [lresen'
the Roll -af>4. M.26:1 {fnited Grand Lodge of Eng-land, An-
Anothl'r (Rth) J'~diti(11l of Derl1lott'~ cient, Free and Accepted Mason~ ,
(',,"stit utions. LA) came into being.
Fir~t Scott ish l{i(, Lodge organized NOTE:-The dates ~lightly differ .
in Mexi("o G.~ "AgreemE'nt of the A~ . and Ms. wa"
consummated by the Articles of Union.
Union of the Antients and Moderns.
on Nov. 23rd, and on St. John th('
A Lodge of Reconciliatiol\ was form- Evangelist's Day, Nov. 27th a joint
ed b~ expert members-9 of the Mo- meeting of the two G. Us was hId .
derns and !I of the Antients. The~ Thc- Dukes of Kent and Sussex met
met. discussed, agreed upon the pr e- together and constituted a Lodg(· of
i .' anc! unifo r m working, and re .. RE'conciliation, the wanant being
Iwar·,pl! till' l'crcll1 onil's of 0.. and signed Dec . 17th., by the respective
C . . of ( he 3 degrE'l's, with their res- G. M's ., ." 0.32
Jll·t·tin' S. T .. and \\" .. "to be a lone
ob:el"ycd and practised by the United The Duke of Kent (Antients) retir
Grand Lodge". 0.32-a ed in favor of the Duke of Sussex
(l\IodE'ms) 1.:38. \\"ho was made G. ~1.
llelt'~ates of 641 Modern and 35U
of tht' United Grand Lodge of En
Antit'nt Lodg('~ w('re present at the
gland. L. 4ti
Lodg( of l{('conti liation. P.221
Article~ of Union were signed No\·. From ISla to 1843, a Royal Printl'
2i:ith 181:! by the Dukes of Sussex and govemed the G. L. of England. T.
Kent. thl' two G. Ms. and fina ll y Ollr
The Motto of the G. L: of England
thl' 27th I) '("ember, the ' Act of Union was changed from "Relief and Truth"
\\ a. a' n·,'.1 to at a .i~)int meeting of to "Audi, Yidi, Tace." (Hear. see, 1,,'
the t \\ 0 frll temitie;;. A.23U silent.) The former was the motto of
the Moderns. A.:W
Union tame at length in a great
Lod~l' of Reconciliation. held in Free - Afncan Lodge (Negro Lodge) wa -
ma.·on' Hall. London, on St. John~ ('t"a"ed by the G. L. of England rot
P.Z21 1H>11 paYll1t'nt of G. L. due,. . .11;;)
34 A CHRONOLOGY OF MASONIC HISTOR\

The United Grand LOdge of England t:onstitutions: 6th Edition issued,

started off with 636 Lodges, of which edited by Brothel' Williams, P. G. :\1.
;~85 were Moderns, and 251 Antieni;. for DOl'setshil'e. A.57
Some had become extinct on both 1816. The Ritual was demostl'ate,l
:sides, or had passed under the control at a special Grand Lodge meeting on
oi foreign or Colonial Grand Lodges. the day of Union, 20th May, and after
M.269 two a lterations (the "word" of each
ARTICLES OF uNION G. L. being used in combination) had
been made in the third, it was ap-
God and R·aligion. "Let a man's r e- proved, adopted, and sanctioned, being
ligion or mode of worship be what it confirmed on June 3rd, 1816, by the
may, he is not excluded · from the Act of Union-Arts . XV and XVI-
Order provided he believes in the glor- of the United Grand Lodge. 0.:13
ious Architect of heaven and earth
and practises the sacred duties of T he Lodge of Reconciliation ended
1l1Or ali ty." 1.39 its labour. M.268
"It is declared a n d pronounced that The Lodge of Reconciliation com-
pure A ncient Masonry consists of pleted its work, and ceased to exist.
three degrees, viz., E. A., F. C. and 0.34
~1. M. (including the Sup. Order of
• 1817. Lodges of Instruction were
the Holy Royal Arch.) lAO formed ... notably the Stability Lodge
1814 International Compact: Agree- of Instruction. 0.34
ment made in J uly after a conference Permanent Union of the South Car-
uetween the l·ulers of the G. Ls. of olina Grand Lodges. :'Lai6
Scotland and Ireland, and the newly
fo rl11eu United G. L. of England. Its 1818. Pr~ston died. LA5
objects wer e to place on record the Preston bequeathed a fund of £300
fad that the new G. L. of the U nion to Grand Lodge with the proviso that
was in perfect accord with the other interest thereon be used for the de-
two ill a way that the Moderns had livery of an a nnual lecture on the 1st,
not been. A.131 2nd, and 3rd degrees, according to the
system practised in the Lodge of An-
The Grand Lodges of Ireland (1725)
tiquity during his Mastership. LA5
anu Scotland (1736) wished to assure
t hemselves that the new ritualistic G. L. of Mississippi established. U.7
working were in accord with that 1819. Constitutions. 7th Edition is-
they considcred correct. Representa- s ued. A.57
tives of the threc G. L's met in Lon- 1820. G. L. of Maine established
don in 1814 and after discovering that U.7
they were united in their ideas, unani-
1821. G. L's of Alabama and Mis-
mously passed a set of 8 resolutions,
souri formed. U.7
nDW known as th e International Com-
PllCt. LA7 Edict of Pope Pius VII. M.287
1815. Diversity in ap rons prevailing 1822. Alexander of Russia issued an
before the U nion, was checked by the Edict closing all Lodges, since when
Constituti on of 1815 provid ing for there has been no mas onry to speak
un iformity of aprons in English of in Russia. 1.65
L()dlte~. A.24 Notable gathering of Masons at
 A CHRONOLOGY OF lHASO~IC HISTORY

Washington City, March 9th. to COI1- Note: The Fraternity was blamed
~i der the propriety of establishing' a fol' hi.. disappearance.
General Granrl Lodg'c of the Uniterl G. L. of Michigan formed (reorga -
Rtates. U.H nised 1844). U.7
1823. Emulation Lodge of Improve- 1827. Installation ceremon:,.· was
ment formed in London following that dealt with by a special board of Inst.
of the United Lodge of Pel:several1('(' Master::; and approved, accepted and
(1818-21). The founder!' of each of &anctioned by the U. G. L., Dec., 1827
the5e two Lodg'e~ had heen members (warrant dated Feb. 6th). 0.33/4
of the Loogl' of Rec~nciliation. (Then' Constitutions. 8th Erlition issued.
it' unfortunately a certain difference A.57
in the working between the two main
Persecution: The MOJ'gan Affair:
bodies -Em ulation, and Stability).
19 anti-:-.iasonic conventions held in
0.34
New York State. Politicians took ad
1st. G. L. of Illinois established. vantage of the situation and built up
l.8i) II machine which attained considerable
1!l2t. The G. L. of New York grant- power throughout the years 1828 to
cd ,hartel'S to the following five Mex- 11\:-12. The persecution almost reduced
inll! Lodg:es: Tolerancia 450, Luz Me_ the Fratcl'I1ity to impotence . Some
xicana 451, Rosa Mexicana 452, Fp- Lodges clo!\ed their doors and waited.
dcralbta 15:1, and Indcpendencia 454. Other:; voluntarily surrendered their
G.G Charters. Freemasonry remained un
182;;. The Mexican Lodg-es chartered del' a cloud for 10 years.
in 1824 proceeded to the format ion of M.318 & A.1fi:I
8 York Rite Grand Lorlge, which wa!>
1828. By 1828, the Gran Logia Na
formed and duly installed in the yeaI' cional Mexicana had issued Charter-
H\;!5. untlc! the name of "La Gran and dispensations unti l there were 112
Logia Nacional Mexicana." G.G Lodges on the roster, of which !lO
Exposu!'!': "Manual '1f Freemason- were working regularly. the other"
~~ A~ being dormant. G.G &. X.2
Edid: of Pope Leo XlI. M.t!>7 The York Rite body, Gran Logi,l
Of the Lodge at Granada, the 7 M. Nacional Mexicana, conforming with
i\l~. \\'ho were caught were summarily the Government decree forbidding se-
hanged while the unfortunate Brothel' cret societies, declared a ll its Lodge~
who had just been initated, was sent in suspense until better times; not-
to the galleys for five years. K.8I withstanding this, several both of the
1826. Persecution--U. S. A.-The York and Sotttish Rite bodie:; con-
Morgan Affair. Disappearance of tinued to work unti l t~ey \\'ere closed
"'iIIiam l\[organ who had threatened Ly the Jlolice. G.~
a l\1asonic exposurc. Popular uproar Tunnah MS. L.2ti
provoked by affair all over the U. ~. 1830. Due to the revolutionary C011-
A. M. 31G/8 ditions in Mexico, the existence of the
Morgan was a pl'inter, and was kid- Gran Logia 'acional Mexicana \\'a~
napped and calTied off because he exceedingly precarious, and from 18:m
\'1\S al)(lut to eXJlose the secrets of until the era of the French Intervcn
i\lasonl y, and wa" never ::ieen again. tion it ,an said to be non existent.
U<\) X,)
 A CHRONOWGY OF MASONIC HISTOIn

1832. Edict: Pope Gregory XVI. lum for Aged Freemasons" and anoth-
M.287 er charitable activity (the Annuity
1833. . Grand Orient of Belgium Fund). LA8
founded. A.117 18:i2. Exposure: "A Ritual of Free-
1836. First Mohammedan admitted masonry" by Allyn (New York.) A.92
into the Order of Freemasonry in 1853·d85~. Constitutions: 11th and
England. D.176 12th Editions. A.57
1837. Establishment of the Library 1858. Constitutions: 13th Edition.
of the United Grand Lodge of Eng-
A.57
land. L.48
Hobert Morris Ll. D., Masonic Lec-
1841. Constitutions: 9th Edition is-
turer and Poet of the United States,
sued. Contains no reference to the
G. M. of Masons of t he G. L. of Ken-
first, or historical part. A.57
tucky for 1858/9. A.159
1842. Proclamation issued by the G.
M. of the United G. L. of England G. L. of Ontario established. C.81
(Duke of Sussex) declaring that Mas- 1861. Constitutions: 14th Edition.
onry is not identified with anyone A.57
religion to the exclusion of others, Findel, J, G., publish.ed his "History
and men in India who were otherwise of Freemasonry" this being the first
eligible and could make a sincere pro_ real attempt to compile a trustworthy
fession of faith in one living God, be history of the Craft. A.U5
they Hindus or Mohammedans, might The Confederacy formed.
petition for membership in the Craft.
1862. Three Lodges, :'Union Frater_
L3B
na l", "Emules d'IIiram" and "Ein-
1843. Bombay Lodge "Rising Star tracht", previously chartered by the
of India" established f01' the special G. L. New Granada (the first, in 1859
purpose of facilitating the entry of and the others immediately after)
native gentlemen into the Craft. fO l'l11ed the G1'an Lodge Valle de
C.78 Mexico. G.38
1844. G. L. of Michigan reorganised.
(Note:-See change of name to
U.7
York Grand Lodge of Mexico under
Edict:. Pope Pius IX. M.287 date 1911).
1847. Constitutions: 10th Edition.
They claimed that they were in
A.57
truth the remnants of the Gran Logia
African Lodge (U. S . negl'os) chan- "Nacional Mexicana." X,2
ed narile to "M. W. Prince Hall G. L.
F. and A. M. of Massachusetts, but The Gran Orient of Italy formed
(Turin). A.117
considered by white Lodges a clan-
destine body. A.163 1863. Constitutions. 15th Edition.
1849. The records of the Tun Tavern A.67
Lodge, Philadelphia, use the words, 1865. American Civil War ends.
"entered", "passed" and "raised". Again we haye a right to an honor-
I.7\J able pride in the fact that while
18:iO. The Royal Masonic Benevolent Churches were severed, and State
In::;titution" established by the amalga- were seceding, the ~asonic tie was
mation of Bro. Robert Crucefix' "Asy- unbroken. 1.:10
 .\ CIJRI):\"OLOGY OF ,\I.\SOXIC HISTORY 37

After the Civil War... Masonry German G. Ls., and the Grand Orient.
'njoyed its full shar~ of the stupen- B.57
dous development and prosperity .
1871. Constitutions: 19th Edition.
Lodges multiplied and every Rite
A.58
flourished. 1.90
Grand Lodge of British Columbia
Constitutions: 16th Edition. A.57
formed. C.81
Another Edict by Pope Pius IX.
M.28i 1872. Huhan's Old Charges (20).
L.26
1866. Constitutions: 17th Edition .
A.57 18n. Constitutions: 20th Edition.
A.58
1867. Constitutions: 18th Edition.
A.58 1876. Exposures: " Irish and English
Free-Masons". By M. Di Gargano.
Grand Mastel' of .New Y ol·k, made
(Dublin). A.92
the Hon. James T. Brady a Mason at
sight. on account of his gTeat personal 1877. The Grand Orient of France
merit. B.I08 altered its constitutions thereby tran8 -
G. L. of New Brunswi<:k estab lished. g l"e.,,,ing the most important of Land-
Il!a rk:; by excluding reference to th e
C.81
G. A. O. T. U ., etc.. B.5U
Prince Albert Edward (King Ed-
ward VII ) was initiated at Stockholm
The matter was considered by a
by His Maje~ty Charles XV, the King >;pecia l comm ittee appointed by the G.
of Swedcll, and hiti brother (lated L. of England. B .51
King (heal' II. B.174 These changes led to a rupture of
Punjab Disttic G. L. fornled. C . 7~;
all Masonic intercourse between it!"
members and brethren under the G.
186!!. ClJIJY of the Old Charges made L. of England. B.56
in ISli!) - since missing·. A.48
1878. The United Grand Lodge of
Prince Albert Edward (King Ed- England recommended that no foreign
ward \ II) elected to the rank of Past Brother might be received in any Eng-
Grand Master. B .174 lish Lodges unless he professed his
G. Ls. of Nova Scotia and Quebec belief [hat an acknowledgment of the
fou nded. C.8l G. A. O. T. U. is a Landmark of the
OI·del". These recommendations were
1870. St. Johns G. L. of Hungary
unanimously a dopted. B.51
formed. A.llG
During the Franco-German War, 1882. In 1882/3, the Book of Con-
Paris communicated with the outside stitutions was thoroughly revised by
world by means of ba lloons carrying the Board of General Purpose and the
letters and newspapers. By those 21st Edition was issued in 1884. A.58
means the 10 Lodge;; of Paris broad- A Lodge of strictly English speak ·
cast a proclamation suggesting ex- ing York Rite Masons was organized,
communication against King William and a charter granted as "Toltec Lod-
of Prussia, and h is son (both Free- ge No. 540" under the G. L. of Mis-
masons) for ca usi ng the ills of the souri. (This Lodge is now Toltec No.
French. This led to complete sever- 1, on the roster of the York G. L. of
ance of fraternal re lations between Mexito.) G.20
 .\ CHROXOLO(;Y OF :\tASO~J(" HISTORY

1884. G. L. o( South Australia form - 1891. An English ~peakill~ Lodj.!l'

ed. A.1l7 wa,; chartereo by the G. L. Valle de
:'le:{ ico, thJ'" ug'h the Gran Dieta.
Edict of Pope Leo XIII. 1\1.287
G.20
1 HHli. (luatour Coronati Lodge (Re-
(This is now "Anahuac No. :3" Mex-
~earch Lodge), London, established.
·A.186 ico City, Mexico under the jurisdiction
of the Y. G. L. of Mexico).
The St. Johns G. L. of Hungary be- 1892. Another English speakin
came the Symbolic G. L. of Hungary. Lodge was chartered by the G. I..
A.lll; Valle rIe u-Iexito, through the Gran
Hl87. A practical scheme was pro- Dieta. This is now "George Washing-
posed in Grand Lodge of England for ton No. 6", San Luis Potosi, Mexico.
the actual reconstruction of K. S. Still another Lodge composed 01
Temple, as a fitting memorial of Engl ish speaking Masons was chart·
Queen Victoria's Jubilee. It collapsed ereo by the same authority and \\ hich
for want of a s('conder to the propo- is now "Washington Hidalgo No.2",
~al. The cslimated cost of a ~imilar Chihuahua, Mexico. Both arc 011 the
proposal later planned by our Amer- roster of the Y. G. Lodge of ~1exito.
ican Brethren, was £69,86H,822,500 G.20
based on Biblical data . B .78/ !! Grand Master C. Goodale (G. L. of
A "Correspondent Circle" oJ whh:h Ohio) confelTed three degrees upon
there are now over o,000 members) Governor Asa S. Bushnell, in one
was added to the Quatolll" Coronati day. B.lO!'
Lodge, London.' (The Lodge itself 1894. The (;ran Dieta made appl icil
limits, active mcmberhip to forty.) tiO llto haYe the A merican Lodge.
B.184 "Toltec" tram,felTed to its .iurisdiet-
Hl1l8. Constitutions: New (22nd) ion, whereupon the G. L. of :'1isl-iouri
ordered Toltec to surrender it's char.
Edition. A.58
ter and adl'ise'! it to take one und.;r
(;. L. of Ncw South Wales formed. \ he Gran I lida. The Lodge finally
A1l7 submitted to lhe command of the
1 b89. Lodl!;e ".::iouthern Cross" (In· ;\Iother G. L. X.3/4
uia No. 1758) allowed its warrant to Brothel' Grant, Louisville, Kentuky,
be eaten away by rats, 01' white ants, puhlil;hed a li st of :)4 Landmarks.
thus pcrmitting itself to be erased. T .172
The Lodg'e was reconstituted in I88~.
189;). A Lodge composed of English
B.277 & T.55
-;p.;aking :'Ilasuns was chartered by
IT. L. of Victoria formed. A.117 the G. L. Valle de Mexico, through the
1890. G. 1.8. of New Zeala nd and Gran Dieta. T his Lodge is now "Al-
Tasman ia formed. A.117 bert Pike No.7" at Puebla, Mexico,
work ing under the j urisdiction of th!'
1890. A Central General Grand
Y. (; . Lodge of :'lexico. G .20
I,odg-e of :\Iexico was bet up by the
Symbolic G. Lodges, under the title Ruhan's Old Charges en larged to
of "Gran Dieta" which was fu ll y 65. (There are now HO in existence,
recogn ised by the Grand Lodge of with an additional ten mis~ing.)
:'I1issollri. X.3 / -l L.21l
 A CHIWN'OLOGY OF ~L\SONIC HISTORY 39

1!!96. Constitutions: 23rd Edition. 1900. Grand Lodge of Western Aus-

A.58 triuliu fOI'med . A.117
1!!97. A Lodge composed of E nglish 1901. At an extraordinal'y com-
rpeaking Maso ns ill Tampico, Mexico, munication of the Gra n Di ta on the
Forking in the York Rite, was charter- 30th April, 1901, the representative"
rd by thc G. L. Valle de Mexico, of the confederated Grand Lodges pre-
t hrough the Central Body, ~he Gran sent, by unanimous vote adopted the
bieta, under the title "Columbia No. following resolution :
bs". (Thi~ churter waR signed by "The Confederation of t he Grand
'ol'fil'io lliaz, Grund Master of th e Symbolic Dieta of the U . S. of Mex-
~ lil'tn. The Lodge is now "Tampico ico, is hereby dissolved... The date
'0. 10", working under the jurisdict ·
on which the Gran Dieta is to termi-
1011 of the York G. L. of Mexico. It "ate its labours is fixed today April
obtained a new charter from the G. 30th."
•. Valle de Mexico in December, G.!!)
~!I(3).
Duke of Connaught G. M. of U. G.
HI9!!. Another Lodge composed of L. of England. K.85
English speaking Masons was charter- 1902. The G. L. Valle de Mexico
~d by the G. L. Valle de MexIco, chartered Lodges "Cananea" (since
~ hl'oug'h the Gran Dieta, which is defunct) and "Hidalgo", Pachuca,
~10\\' "Monterrey No. 13" at Monte- Mexico, now No. 17 on the roster of
~'l'cy, Mexico, under the Y. G. Lodge the York G. L. of Mexico. G.20
of Mexico. G.20
These were, and the lattel' still is,
Grand Orient and Supreme Coun- English speaking.
.j) 3:1 for Greece formed. A.117
1903. Two more Lodges composed
G M. Wagner of Pennsylvania of English speaking York Rite Ma-
madc' John Wanamaker a Mason at sons were chartered by the G. L. Va-
·ight. B. I 09 lle de Mexico, th r ough the Gran Dieta,
1899. An English speaking Lodge, viz:
now "Esperanza No . 11 " on the roster "Hiram". Parral, Coahuila, Me:x;ico
(since defunct) and "Jalisco", of Gua_
of th(' Y. G. L. of Mexico, and located
dalajara, Mexico, now No . 9 on the
at Mineral Dos Estrellas, Mich., Mex-
ico, was chartered by the Valle de roster of the Y. G. L. of Mexico.
Mexico, through the Gran Dieta. G.20
G.:lO 1904. The G. L. Valle de Mexico,
United Grand Lodge of England is- through the Gran Dieta, chartered
sued a circular prohibiting members "Sonora" Lodge, at Cananea, Sonora,
of Lodges under their jurisdiction Mexico, which is now No. 12 on the
visiting those holding under the Grand l'oster of the York G. L. of Mexico.
Orient of France, and vice versa. This is also an English speaking
B.51 Lodge. G.20
The making of Admiral Schley "on Constitutions: 24th Edition A.58
!>ighl" by G. 1\1. Small of the Distl'ict G. L. 0 f Queensland, Australia,
of Columb ia, e a use d widespread erected [sic] by only 39 lodges, whil<!
di"ru",,,ion. B.IO\! 113 lodge~ dissented from the format-
40 ~\ CH R O~OLOGY OF MASONIC Hl STORY

ion and to which the G. L' of England, 81 'lo, a large majority of which were
Scotland and Ireland refused recog- American and British members. X.5
nition. A.117
The seven rebel lodges he~d a secret
1906. Another Lodge composed at session at which they formed them-
English speaking York Rite Masons selves into a G. L. calling themselves
was chartered by the G. L. Valle de "G. L. Valle de Mexico". This new
Mexico through the Central body. body then commanded all Lodges to
This is now "Chin{!hindaro No.1" on default allegiance to the (original)
the roll of the York Grand Lodge of G. L. Valle de Mexico, and to affiliate
Mexico. G.20 with them within a period of threp.
(According to Bro. E. S. Banks, of days, upon pain of bolit.g declared
Tampico, this Lodge was originally clandestine.
chartered in the name of "Chichimec The response was the defection of
Xo. 33", and was located at Silao, the five Mexican Lodges, working un-
which at that time was quite a rail- tier dispensation, and who were then
road terminal with many foreigners. given charters by the pseudo Grand
"Chinchindaro" No. 18, is now located Lodge.
at Guanajuato, Gto., Mexico).
In June, the G. Secretary of the real
Constitutions: 25th Edition issued.
G. L. Valle de Mexico a lso seceded,
A.58
accompanying his act with t he delivery
1908. At t he annual session of the to the seceders of all the documents
G. L. Valle de Mexico, some friction and cash, as well as the G. L. Seal and
was caused by the admission of Lod- archives. The next step was to pro-
ges ex defunct G. L. 'Santos Dego- claim themselves as the real Grantl
11ado". X.5 Lodge Valle de Mexico. X.5-6
1909. Grand Master of Ohio exer-
1911. At the annual communication
cised an alleged prerogative by mak-
of the Grand Lodge, of the loyal
ing M1'. W. H. Taft, a "Mason at
majority, in April, a resolution was
sight." B.107
unanimously adopted, changing t he
1910. Friction within the G. L. Va- name from Gra n Lodge Valle de Mex-
lle de Mexico culminated in March, ico, to "York Grand Lodge of Mex-
when by a great majOl-ity of votes ico" in order to give protectipn tt)
Bro. Reynoso (himself a Mexican), foreign jurisdictions which had been
was elected to the chair. The result good enough to honor the Valle de
of the election angered the represen- l\lexico (now York Grand Lodge of
tati ves of seven of the Mexican Lod- Mexico) with their fraternal recognit.
ges who with gestures of great disap- ion. Claim was made in this new
proval left the hall in a body. X.5 Constitution that the York Grand
The seceders were later joined by l,ooge exercises jurisdiction over a1l
5 other Mexican Lodges, wor king un- the Lodges working in the York Rite
der dispensation, leaving on the r oster of Universal Symbolic Mansonry
of the G. L. 16 American and 2 Mex- throughout t he Republic of Mexico,
ican Lotlges . Membership of the G. L. the reason being that at that time
Valle de M. before this secession was there was no " ther Lodge in all the
1,426, and became reduced to 1,150, Republic of Mexico working in that
t hat is to say, l !V '< seceded, leaving Rit e. X.6
 A CHRONOLOGY OF MASONIC HISTORY 41

York Grand Lodge of Mexico estab_ H. R. H. Prince of Wales initiated .

ished. G.39 B.179
A ruling body established in Paris 1920. Queensland Grand Lodge es -
earing the t itle, "Grande Loge Na- tablished. C.SI
ionale Independente et Reguliere
,our Ia France et les Colonies Fran- 1931. "Laguna" Lodge No. 20, was
asises" which is fu lly recognised -by chartered by the York Grand Lodge
he U. G. L. of England-(and other of Mexico. Laguna Lodge is located
lodies). B.5S at Torreon, Coah., Mexico.
1919. The York Grand Lodge char- 1932. The York Gran Lodge of Mex-
ered "Eagle" Lodge No. 19, at Mina_ ico chartered" Southern" Lodge No.
itlan, Mexico. 21, at Merida, Yucatan.

Conclusion
Brother, this concludes but a brief impress us with a sense of the respoll-
)utline of the evolution of Freemas- sibilities t hey confer upon us. The
mry. I hope you have f ound it as honor of the centuries has been com-
nstructive as it has been my pleasure mitted to our keeping. Whatevef' be
o prepare it. our obligations to the Grand Lodge to
which we owe allegiance, there is an
If you will pause for a m{)ment, and
a ugust pr.ocession of those who thron~
:lance back over t he r oad t raversed the Courts of the Grand Lodge above.
,your Masonic ancestors, you will to whom, our obligations are infinitely
urely realize how much we owe to greater. " There are times when it is

~
e efforts of those of our Brethren
well to look back. Weare at all times
hose dust has long since returned reminded of our duty to ourselv-es and
t he ' earth, and to whose untiring generation, and that we are to a great
ergy is due the cl'edi t for bring- extent moulding the future."
g the Craft to its present strong
His counsel is, indeed, timely. We
osition in the world.
are to-day passing through another
Where their responsibilities ceased, period of transition, when the entire
rs began. The working tools have world is being shaken by revolution,
en transmited to us to carryon the industrial upheavals, religious troub-
ood work. In this connection, Bro- les, political strife, and general de-
her, the late Rev. W. T. LaW1'en~e . pression. On every side we witness
minds us in very beautiful language suffering due to the effects of unem-
ployment.
"We feel a thrill of pride- when we Our ancient Brethren faced similar,
fleet that the living stream of Free- if not worse conditions brought about
asonry rises from a hidden source in by plague. religious opposition, and
he mists of antiquity. Whilst such re_ exposures. Many yielding up their
lections as these are gratifying, and lives, in the face of persecution, rath-
rye to impress us with a sense of er than forfeit their integrity. Theil'
r privileges, ar more should they ranks at times were divided by re-
42 .\ C H RO~OLOGY OF )IASO. ' Ie HISTOR'

volution and civil wars. Yet, Free- "0 God, our help in ages past. ollr
masonry survived. Theirs was a vic- hope for years to come.
tory of fa ith-that belief in the G. A . Our shelter from the storm: bla~t.
O. T. U., to which we adhere, so ably and our eternal home".
txpressed in th e lines of the well
kno vn hymn: A. H . .

The Spirit of Masonry! Ay, when that

~piri t
has its way on earth, as at last it
Hurely will, society will be a vast com-
munion of kindness and justice, bus-
iness a system of human service, law a
rule of beneficence; the home will be
more holy, t he laughter of childhood
more joyous" and the temple of prayer
mortised and tenoned in simple faith.
Evil, inj ust ice, bigotry, greed, and
every vile and slimy thing that defiles
and defames humanity will skulk into
the dark, unable to bear the light of a
juster, wiser, more merciful order.
Industry will be upr ight, education
prophetic, and religion not a shadow,
but a Real Presence, when man has
became acquainted wit h man has learn-
ed to worshiy God by serving his fel-
lows.
When Masonry is victorious every
tyranny will .fall, every bastile crumble,
and man will not only be unfettered in
mind and hand, but free of heart to
walk erect in the light and liberty of
truth.-''The Builders."
 -·- ---- _. -

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I:·:
;.' [[]----ill
j;
1,.
- 'II,' c:< trnin;;tcl'.
Attepted :\[a~olts.
"Ah iman Hewn" 0
24.
Ai nslie , Rc\', .lame
Aldwol'th . HOll.
1il.
A !len. " ' iliiam
Aml' l' ican Civil \\
- "-31' of lnd
1" Ann a h; of
An derson . J)r.
.. Ant ient:;"-,t' xpla

[§} "'l'l
,t..
.. 'iol\
- - i i't'SI Lnd~e i
Apro n" of Union.
A rticleg of Union,

~
Athe l ~ tan. King.
Atho ll . il rd Duke
- 4th Duke of,
[] - l\lasons, 22.
AUg'ustine, 8.
!
f- Barnes, Dr., 8.

[ill'
I

r t "
Bea!, Dr. (D. G.

~ lliE
• Bede, Venerable,
f' i: .; ~ I 1- ; :! .."l ~
Beichel', .Tonathan.
, 'f ; ;;IH:'-',
- l
; ,!; I
!i,' :0. of Aml'rica, 13.
I
I to" Bible. The. 25.
\ , ~"
I I
Blatk Death, The,
.1' _-L--L Bo;;ton Massacre ..'

~
- ~~ ;;:-
Military occt
- Tea Riots. 2

.
'1
~:
lill ~ Bo~ w ell , .Tohn. La
11.
Builders in
Burnett, Bishop,
fQl,l By-laws, earliest

i~
Byron, Lord, G.
Cabiric Mysteriel;,

~
;!.
~ ~. ~~ .
Campenell. Mord
Ca pitol. l'orner "
g;r~-
Cary"fol't. Lord,
'I~ Cathedral. Cant
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 Index
t.t.c~-. Kebo. b_ Cathedl'al Builders, 8, 10.
Kilwjnnin).!.'. 0_ Catholic Grand Master, 27.
~lell"osc. ". ('cmentarius, Robertus, 8.
W t'stminster. l). Charges, Old (see a lso MSS), 8. 9.
tcepted :\[a>;o 11'" , 12, 14. 16, 2::3, 37, 38.
~hilllan Rl'zon" or Help to a Brothel'. Charge to Apprentices, within a year,
24. 13.
in~lil', Rev. Jamc>;, 12_ Christianity omitted from Constitut-
Idworth, lion . 1\1 rs. made a Mason. ions, 16.
I:). Charity Fund formed, 17.
lIcn, William (Pa.), 22. assessments to, 1U.
IlJPrican Civil Wal', 36. Coat of Arms, Masonic, 10.
- War of Independence, 27, 2!.1_ Conder. historian, 9, 11 .
nnals of Freemasonry, 7. Comaeines, 6, 8.
ndel'.·on, 1>1". James, 13, 14, 15, 21.· ColleC(ia, Roman, 6, 7.
Alltiellts"- explanation of term, 2~. Conft dCl'acy, American, formed, 36.
first Loc]g-e in .\merica, 23, 2!. Connaught, Duke of, G. M., 39.
prOB.' of Union, :l4. Col1in~. Mr., mentioned, 16.
rtidt·", of Union, 34. ol1stitutiOl1S, 14, 16, 21, 22. 24, :34.
thl'btan, Ki ng, 8, 10 . 36, 37, 38, 39, 40 _
tholl, :inl Duke of, 27. Anderson's, first approved by
4th Duke of, 27, 28 _ G. L., 16.
Masons, 22_ Dermott's, 24, 25, 28, 30. :~2, :3:~.
ugustinc, 8. Gothic, 16.
arnes, Dr., 8. Pratt's Irish, 22.
l'al, Dr. (D. G. M.), 16. Content::;, 3.
ede, Vener able, 8. Cowan, definition of, 30.
either. Jonathan, sen ior L·'reemason Coxe, Daniel, 19.
of America, 13. Cousto:::, John, imprisoned, 21.
ible. The. 25. Crucefix, Robert, 36.
lack Death, The, 9. ( "usaties, The, 8.
oston Mm;sacre, 26. Da Co~ta, H. J., imprisoned, 32.
- Military occupation, 27. Dalkeith, Earl of, G. M., 17 _
Tea R iots, 2i . Deacon, office of originated, 24.
o~well. .John, Laird of Auchinlach. "Defence of Masonry," 18.
11. Degrec::;, Ma::;ter's part given in G. L.
uilders in England, 8_ only, 16.
urnett, Bi:;hop, 13_ Two only, 17.
y-laws, earliest American, 20. Three came into effect, 17.
yron, Lord, G. M., 22. Three mentioned, 21.
abiric Mysteries, 7. Dermott. Laurence, 23, 24, 25, 28, :lO.
'ampencll. Mordicai, 12. 32.
apitol. cornel' stone laid, 3 1. Desaguiliers, TheophiIus, 13. 14.
arysfol't, Lord, G. M., 23 _ Diary, Ainslie's, 12.
athedral, Canterbury, 8. - Ashmole's, 12.
Exeter, 10_ - Stuckley's, 16, 17, 18.
Glasgo\\'. 8_ nion~'",iRt" Artificers, 7.
Vi \'ision, The, 22. "Gormogons," 1/.
- Cau~e of, 23. Grand Lodge Feast, 18.
Vodd, Rev. W., 28. (If All En[!:lancl, II-. ~1.
Edwin, Prince, 8, 10. 22, 25, :n.
End of the World. 8. of the "Antients,"
Erasures, 23, :38. 33.
Etruscans, 6. of England, S. of the
Exposures, 17. 18, 20, 21, 35. 36. 37. River Trent, 29, 31.
~'abric Rolls, 9, 10.
of England, 14, 36, 3/.
Pindel, J. G., historian. 36. 39.
Fire of London, 12. do Library,3u.
";\loderns," 22, 33.
l"ir~t mention of F . C. degree in
Gray, Rev. \\'m. "made on sight," 31.
America, 20.
Guilds, 9, 10.
Four Old Lodges, meeting of, 13.
IIammerton, John, 20.
_ Crowned Martyrs, 10.
Harper, Thomas, G. Sec., expelled, 32.
Franco-German War, :37.
Hanison, George, Prov!. G. M. ); . Y..
Franklin, Benjamin, 19, 20, 21. 23.
Frankfort-on-Main Lodges, 21.
Henry VI's Code of Laws, IU, 2:l.
~'reemason, earliest mention of, 9, 10.
j-iittites, 6.
- Senior in America, 13. "Hole Craft and Fellowship of
Freemasons, irregular making of. 19. l\1asons," 10.
- named in Statute, 10. Holland prohibited Masonry, ~O.
- opposition to British taxation. 25. Holme, Randle, Author, 12.
Freemason's Hall, London, 26. Hughan'll Old Charges, :17, !l8.
Freemasonry, early evidence of in: 19-norance of Clergy in 1713, 13.
America, 18, 19, 20, 21. India and FrC'emasonry, :3u.
Austria, 18, 21. Initiation of a woman, l:l .
Belgium, 26. - outside a Lodge, 11.
Canada, 20. Innovations, 15, IG, 22.
Denmark, 22. Installation ceremony, 35.
France, 18. International Compact, 34.
Germany, 21. Irregularities, 12, 19.
Holland, 20. J ones, Inigo, 11, 16.
India, 21. Keith. Jame~, ;\1. of Lodge in Rus~ia.
Ireland, 13. 19.
Italy, 1~. Kent, Duke of, 1st G. M. of U. G. L.
Mexico, 33. of England, :33.
Portugal, 20. King George IV, initiated when rince
Spain, 18. of Wales, 31.
Sweden, 20. King Solomon's Temple. reconstruct-
Switzerland, 20. ion project, 38.
Russia, 21. Lacey Robert, 20.
neglected in 1714, 13. Landmarks, 15, 32, 37, 38.
Fund of Benevolence (G. L. England), Lectures, Funds for 34.
17. - Second degree, 26, 27.
God and religion, 34. Legends of Freemasonry, 7.
Goodale, C., G. M. Ohio, 38. Library, G. L. of England, 36.
Goelet, Francis, 22. Litchfield, Bishop, 14.
.odges. Grand Lodges. Provincial G. Portugal, 3~.
L's and Prov\. G. M's mentioned: Russia, P. G. L .. 21.
ustria, 18, 30, 31. Scotland, G. L., 11. 21, :~4.
u:;tralasia, New South Wales, 38. Spain, G. L., 26.
New Zealand, 38. Sweden, G. L., 24.
Queensland, 39, 4l. Switzerland, G. O. Geneva, 29.
- S. Australia, 38. U. S. A., African (Negro), 32, :3:L ::n.
Tasmania, 38. Alabama, 34.
YicLOria, 38. Boston. IH , 20.
\\. Australia, 3!J . St. Andrews, 26, on.
el(!·iulll. C; rand Orient. '11). St. John's, 25.
anada. B. Columbia. ::7. - Connecticut, 22, 31.
,'ew Brunsv;i"k, :37. Continent of America, 27.
Nova Scotia, 37. Dela ware, 32.
Ontario, 36 . Dbt. of Columbia, ::l3. ;39.
Quebec, 37. Georgia, 20, 30.
olomhia, G. L. New Granada, 36. General, 20. 31.
enmark, Prov!. G. L., 22. General G. L. of U. S ., 34.
:ngland, ht G. L., 13, 14. 17, All Illinois, 35.
England, 18, 21, 31. Kentucky, 32.
Ancients, 22, 33. Louisiana, 33.
Cheshire Prov!., 18.· Maine. 34.
S. of River Trent, 2~, 31. Maryland, 22.
Scotch G. L., 26. - Massachusetts, 20, 22, 31.
G. L. of England, 14, 36, 39. (amalgamated.)
rance. Anglaise de France, 21. Michigan, 35. ::l6.
G. Chapter GenI., 30. Mississippi, 34.
G. Lodge de France, 3l.
Missouri, 34, 37.
Grande Oriente, 30, 31, 37. New England, 1H.
G. Nationalc Inde .. 41.
- New Hampshire, 20. :ll.
"e"tablished in Paris," 18.
New .Jersey, 30.
Severance of relations with G.
I'o:ew York, 22, 30, 35.
0., 37, 39.
North America, 2t.
r.erman~. G. L. Prussia, 24.
North Carolina. ::l0.
Treecl', G. O. & S. Council, 39.
- Ohio, 32.
folland, Nat!. G. L. of Netherlands,
24. Pennsyl\'ania, 18, 22, :30.
fung'ary, St. John's G. L. 37, 38. Prince Hall (Negro), 30.
- Symbolic G. L., 38. Rhode Island, 22, 3l.
ndia, Bombay D. G. L., 26. South Carolina, 20, 30, 32, :~4.
- Madras do. 26. "Time Immemorial," 23.
Punjab do. 37. Vermont, 31.
reland, G. L. 18, 19, 34. \'il'ginia, 21, 23.
do. reorg'anized, HI. Lodge of Mastel' Masons formed, 1i.
taly. Grand Orient, 36. 20.
do . 1st mentioned, l~. Aberdeen, 12.
Mexico, Gran Dieta, 38, 39. Albert Pike No.7, 38.
G. L. ,'adonal :.'.iexicana, 35. :Jfl Alexandria No. 39, 30.
Santos DegoIlado, 40. Alnwick, 13.
\'aIle de Mexico, :36. 38, 39, ·if Anahuac 1'0:0. 3, 38.
York Grand Lodge. 40. 41. Antiquity, 12, 13, 34 ..
 Apple Tree Tavern, 13. Quatol1r Corllnati, :n~.
BUllch of Grapes, 20. Queen\; Head. Bath, 1i.
~ Caledonian ~ o. 1:14, 3:;. London, Ii.
('ananea, 39. of Re('oneiliation, :1:1. :l!'i.
C'hinrhindaro No. lR, 40. nisin,; Sf a I' of In(lia, :111.
Crown Ale House. 13. R(}sa Mexirana No. 1;j~. :j:;.
~ Domatir No. 177, 30. - Rummel' and Grape~, 1:1.
Eagle No. 19, 41. ~olomon'!'l, Charle!'lton. :W.
- J<~dinburg-h. St. ;\!arys Chapt'l. Savannah, :W.
11. - Sonora No. 12, S!l.
- Eintracht, :36. ~ol1thern No . 21, 41.
Emules de Hiram, 36. Southern ('ro;;~, Inclia, :;);.
- Emulation, 35. - Stability, 34.
E!'lperanza No. 11, 39. Star in the East. 21.
- Federalista No. 453, 35. Stirling, 11.
Fortitude & Old Cumberland . 13 . St. And rews, Boston. :24 .
Fountain Tavern, 16. St ..Johns, Boston, 20.
Four Old Lodges, 13, 14. - Tampico No. 10, :lfl.
Fredericksburg, 23, 24. Tolerancia No. 450, :~i).
Geo. Washington No. 6, 38. Toltec No.1, :17.
Goose and Gridiron, 12, 13, 14, Tun Tavern, Philadelphia, ,Hi.
17. Washington- Hidalgo Xo. ~. :;1-.
- Granada, 35. Witham No. 2B7. 81.
- Green Dragon (Boston). 23. Union Fraternal. :36.
- Hidalgo No. 17, 39. Assessment to Cha\'it~· Fun.'-
- Hiram, 39. 19.
Independencia No. 454, 35. Earliest )Iilital'Y , 1!l.
- Jalisco No.9, 3!l. - of Instruction, ;;4.
- .Jedburgh, 21. - Rolls of. 27. 28. :n
Kilwinning, 11, 13, 20. London Bridge, 8.
- Laguna No. 20, 41. Manuscripts and Old Charges:
Liberty House Tavern, 22. Antiquity, 12.
- Lux Mexicana No. 451, 35. Aubrey, 12.
Mastel' Ma!'lons' Lodge of Bos- Bodleian. 10.
ton, 20 . Buchanan, 12.
- Military Lodges, 19, 22, 31. Cooke, 10.
Monterrey No. 13, 39. Dowland, 10.
Naval Lodges, 24, 25, 26. Fo~croft, 13.
Neuf Soeurs, des, 28. Grand Lodge, 10, 11.
- in New York, 20. Haddon, 17.
St. John's No.2, 24. Harieian, 12.
Old York, 8, 18. Lansdowne, 10.
- in Paris, 18, 21, 28. Locke, 23.
- Perfect Observance: l!!l. Regius, 9.
- Per~everance, 35. Roberts, 16.
- and Triumph, 29. Tunnah, 35.
- Port~mout h (N. M.), 20. Watson, 12.
Prince Hall (Negro), 30, 32. 38. burning of, 16.
36. !.\fanor Courts, 9.
Promulgation. 32. ",fontag-ue. Duke of. 16. 17.
 -- - - - - -- ---

a~on~ W. Society of London, 9, 11 . Pi'ince, Henry, "father of reg-ulai

a,;ons made "at sight," 19, 31, :l7. Masonry in America," 19.
38, :m, 40. Processions of March (last). 21.
a,;g, Ma"oml attending, 10. Queen Elizabeth and Masonry, 10.
a:'\ter~ and 'Wardens mentioned, !J. Rapid extension of the Order, 15.
aster Masons' Lodges formed, 17. References to Authors, 5.
aszun," !l. Reformation, The, 10.
enll. ingtallation dinner, 2l. Reg'ulations, governing the Craft, !i.
inster. York, mentioned, 9. 10, 12, 16.
inutl's. Edinburgh Lodge, the oldest. Revival, The, 13, 14.
11. Revolution, American, 27.
Fn,dericbburg'h, 24. - French, 3l.
Goose and Gridiron. 17. - Industrial, 22.
Musical Society, 17. Reynoso, J. J., G. M., 40.
- Grand Dieta, 39. Rhetoric, 10.
loderns" explanation of term, 15. Ritual, Modern's elaborated, 31.
ohammeclan Freemasons. 36. Operatives' revised, 12.
ora~·. Robert. 12. Speculatives', 33.
orj!"an affair. 3i). demonstrated and confirmed, 3:{ .
oort'. John, 13. 35.
orris. Robert, 36. Rowe. Capt. (who made diving- en-
o e~. Abram. 12. gine), 16.
ttos. 3:{ . Royal Masonic Benevolent Institution .
usical ~()ciety. 17. 36,
rman Conquest, 8. - Schools for Boys, 32.
·orfolk. nuke of. G. M. of England. Girls, 31.
19. Sayers, Anthony, 1st G. M., 14, HI.
)erative~. 9, 11. 12, 14, 21. Schaw,' William, 11.
degignated Freemasons, 10. Scotland, 1st appearance of Masonr~'
change to Speculatives, 15. 8.
'(linances prohibiting meetings, 10. Secret Agreement among Masons and
'erture~, first "Ancients" and "Mod- Carpenters, 9.
erns," 31. Sedition Act, Masons excluded from.
·nar·d. Thomas. Prov\. G. M., N. 32.
America, 21. Social Condition;; (England in 1717).
pal Decree burnt, 10. J4.
yne, George, 14, 15. Speculative and Accepted Masons.
r::;ecutions. Ed icts . etc .. 20, 21. 11, 13.
(John Coustos, 1776) (France) Statutes prohibiting Assemblies, 9.
22. :Hi. :l6, 37. Stone, Nicholas, Warden, 16.
tre. Lord. G. M. a Catholic, 27. St. Albans, 8.
tro. Monk. 8. St. Clair, Charter, 11.
g'ue of London, 12. - William, G. M. Scotland, 20 .
ot'~ Dr .. :-':atural History of Staffs,.
St. Leger, Miss, made a Mason, U.
12.
Sussex, Duke of, 32, 33, 36.
litics and Freemasonry. 35.
P(~ Grc.g'JI·~·. L.
Taft. W. H., "made on sight," 40.
·ilchal'd. 22. Theories. Comacine, 6.
'e::;ton, William. 21, 31, 34. - as to Origin of Masonry. h.
ince of "'ale, initiated, :37, H. Time Immemorial Lodges. 2:l.
T(Jlnbes,. Capt, AntirE'w, '"raised to :\ Washington. Geor)!e. Z:l. 2! .:l:!,
F, C.," 21. Weishoupt, Dr, Adam, 7.
Transition period. 11, l:t Wellington. Duke of. initiated. :31.
Treaty of Peace. r. S. A. and F:ng: Wharton, Duke of. 16, 17, 18.
land, 29. Wilfred, Bishop of York, 7.
Trinitarian Chl'i!,;tians, 8. Williams, Bro., P. G. :\-1. for Dor"et-
T~'ler mentioned, 1D. shire, 34.
enion of Ancient~ and ~loderns. :~:l. \Y oman made a :\lason. 13.
34. Wren, Sir Christopher. 12. 14.
C S, Con!<titution came into eHed. YOl·k. Assembly at. 8, 10.
31. Grand Lod)!e (If Mexico . .to. ~1.
\'ienna, Lodge formed at. 21. - 11inster, D.
\\' alpole, Horace. 21. Old Lodge at. 8. 10. 18. 28.
\\':\I'ren. Joseph. G. :'II.. 26. 27. Y ol·ktown. 2D.