34 iz'u izn£'kdk

vè;k; 3
f=kdks.kferh; iQyu
3.1 lexz voyksdu (Overview)
3.1.1 'kCn ‘trigonometry’ (f=kdks.kferh;) ;wukuh 'kCn ^fVªxksu*a (trigon) vkSj ^ehVªkus * (metron)
ls O;qRifÙk gqvk gS] ftldk vFkZ ,d f=kHkqt dh Hkqtkvksa dk ekiuk gSA ,d dks.k ,d fuf'pr js[kk
osQ lkis{k ifjHkze.k djus okyh fdlh js[kk osQ ?kw.kZu dh ek=kk gksrh gSA ;fn ;g ?kw.kZu nf{k.kkorZ
fn'kk esa gS rks dks.k ½.kkRed gksrk gS rFkk dks.k èkukRed gksrk gS] ;fn ?kw.kZu okekorZ fn'kk esa gksrk
gSA izk;%] ge dks.kksa dks ekius osQ fy,] nks izdkj dh i¼fr;k¡] vFkkZr~ (i) "kksf"Vd i¼fr
(sexagesinal system) vkSj (ii) o`Ùkh; i¼fr viukrs gSaA
"kkSf"Vd i¼fr esa] dks.k osQ ekiu dh bdkbZ va'k ;k fMxzh (Degree) gSA ;fn izkjafHkd Hkqtk
1
ls vafre Hkqtk rd dk ?kw.kZu ,d ifjHkze.k dk ok¡ Hkkx gks] rks dks.k osQ eki dks 1° dgk tkrk
360
gSA bl i¼fr esa] oxhZdj.k fuEufyf[kr izdkj gSaµ
1° = 60′
1′ = 60″
ekiu dh o`Ùkh; i¼fr esa] ekiu dh bdkbZ jsfM;u (radian) gSA ,d jsfM;u og dks.k gS tks
fdlh o`Ùk dh f=kT;k osQ cjkcj yackbZ dk pki ml o`Ùk osQ osaQnz ij varfjr djrk gSA f=kT;k r okys
,d o`Ùk osQ pki PQ dh yackbZ s = rθ nh tkrh gS] tgk¡ θ jsfM;uksa esa ekik x;k og dks.k gS] tks
pki PQ o`Ùk osQ osaQnz ij varfjr djrk gSA
3.1.2 fMxzh vkSj jsfM;u esa lacaèk
fdlh o`Ùk dh ifjfèk dk mlosQ O;kl osQ lkFk lnSo ,d vpj vuqikr gksrk gSA ;g vpj vuqikr
22
π ls O;Dr dh tkus okyh ,d la[;k gS ftldk eku lHkh O;kogkfjd iz;kstu osQ fy, yxHkx
7
fy;k tkrk gSA fMxzh vkSj jsfM;u ekiksa osQ chp lacaèk fuEufyf[kr gSaµ
2 ledks.k = 180° = π jsfM;u
180°
1 jsfM;u = = 57°16′ (yxHkx)
π
π
1° = jsfM;u = 0.01746 jsfM;u (yxHkx)
180

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3.1.3 f=kdks.kferh; iQyu

U;wu dks.kksa osQ fy,] f=kdks.kferh; vuqikr dks] fdlh ledks.k f=kHkqt dh Hkqtkvksa osQ vuqikrkssa osQ
:i esa ifjHkkf"kr fd;k tkrk gSA jsfM;u eki esa O;Dr fdlh dks.k osQ fy,] f=kdks.kferh; vuqikr
dk foLrkj] f=kdks.kferh; iQyu dgykrk gSA f=kdks.kferh; iQyuksa osQ fofHkUu prqFkk±'kksa esa fpÉ
fuEufyf[kr rkfydk esa fn, gSaµ
I II III IV

sin x + + – –
cos x + – – +
tan x + – + –
cosec x + + – –
sec x + – – +
cot x + – + –

3.1.4 f=kdks.kferh; iQyuksa osQ izk¡r vkSj ifjlj

iQyu izkar ifjlj

sine R [–1, 1]
cosine R [–1, 1]

tan R – {(2n + 1) : n ∈ Z} R
2
cot R – {nπ : n ∈ Z} R

sec R – {(2n + 1) : n ∈ Z} R – (–1, 1)
2
cosec R – {nπ : n ∈ Z} R – (–1, 1)

3.1.5 ledks.k vFkkZr~ 90º ls NksVs ;k mlosQ cjkcj oqQN dks.kksa osQ sine, cosine vkSj
tangent

0° 15° 18° 30° 36° 45° 60° 90°

6− 2 5 −1 1 10 − 2 5 1 3
sine 0 1
4 4 2 4 2 2

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6+ 2 10 + 2 5 3 5 +1 1 1
cosine 1 0
4 4 2 4 2 2

25 − 10 5 1 ifjHkkf"kr
tan 0 2− 3 3 5−2 5 1 3 ugha
5

3.1.6 leoxhZ; ;k lacafèkr dks.k

nπ
dks.k 2 ± θ leoxhZ ;k lacafèkr dks.k dgykrs gSa rFkk dks.k θ ± n × 360° lgkokluh
(coterminal) dks.k dgykrs gSaA O;kid leku;u osQ fy,] gesa fuEufyf[kr fu;e izkIr gSa%
nπ
( ± θ) osQ fy,] f=kdks.kferh; iQyu dk la[;kRed eku cjkcj gSµ
2
(a) mlh iQyu osQ eku osQ] ;fn n ,d le iw.kk±d gS rFkk bl eku dk fpÉ ml prqFkk±'k osQ
vuqlkj gksrk gS ftlesa og dks.k fLFkr gSA
(b) θ osQ laxr lgiQyu osQ eku osQ ;fn n ,d fo"ke iw.kk±d gS rFkk iQyu dk fpÉ ml prqFkk±'k
osQ vuqlkj gksrk gS] ftlesa og dks.k fLFkr gSA ;gk¡ sine vkSj cosine, tan vkSj cot rFkk sec
vkSj cosec ,d nwljs osQ lgiQyu gSaA
3.1.7 ½.kkRed dks.kksa osQ iQyu eku yhft, θ dksbZ dks.k gSA rc]
sin (– θ) = – sin θ, cos (– θ) = cos θ
tan (– θ) = – tan θ, cot (– θ) = – cot θ
sec (– θ) = sec θ, cosec (– θ) = – cosec θ
3.1.8 ;kSfxd dks.kksa ls lacèkh oqQN lw=k
nks ;k vfèkd dks.kksa osQ ;ksx ;k varj ls cuk ,d dks.k ;kSfxd dks.k dgykrk gSA bl lacaèk esa
ewyHkwr ifj.kke f=kdks.kferh; loZlfedk,¡ dgykrs gSaA ftUgsa uhps fn;k tk jgk gS%
(i) sin (A + B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B
(ii) sin (A – B) = sin A cos B – cos A sin B
(iii) cos (A + B) = cos A cos B – sin A sin B
(iv) cos (A – B) = cos A cos B + sin A sin B
tan A + tan B
(v) tan (A + B) =
1 − tan A tan B

tan A − tan B
(vi) tan (A – B) =
1 + tan A tan B

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cot A cot B − 1
(vii) cot (A + B) =
cot A + cot B
cot A cot B + 1
(viii) cot (A – B) =
cot B − cot A
2 tan A
(ix) sin 2A = 2 sin A cos A =
1 + tan 2 A
2
1 – tan A
2 2 2 2
(x) cos 2A = cos A – sin A = 1 – 2 sin A = 2 cos A – 1 = 2
1+ tan A
2 tan A
(xi) tan 2A =
1 – tan 2 A
(xii) sin 3A = 3sin A – 4sin3 A
(xiii) cos 3A = 4cos3 A – 3cos A
3 tanA – tan 3 A
(xiv) tan 3A =
1 – 3tan 2 A

A+B A–B
(xv) cos A + cos B = 2 cos cos
2 2

A+B B–A
(xvi) cos A – cos B = 2sin sin
2 2

A+B A−B
(xvii) sin A + sin B = 2sin cos
2 2

A+B A−B
(xviii) sin A – sin B = 2cos sin
2 2
(xix) 2sin A cos B = sin (A + B) + sin (A – B)
(xx) 2cos A sin B = sin (A + B) – sin (A – B)
(xxi) 2cos A cos B = cos (A + B) + cos (A – B)
(xxii) 2sin A sin B = cos (A – B) – cos (A + B)

A
+ ;fn prFqkkk ±'k I ;k II esa fLFkr gS
A 1 − cos A 2
(xxiii) sin = ±
2 2 A
– ;fn prFqkkk '±k III ;k IV esa fLFkr gS
2

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 A
A 1 + cos A  + ;fn 2 prqFkkk ±'k I ;k IV esa fLFkr gS
(xxiv) cos = ± 
2 2  – ;fn A prFqkkk ±'k II ;k III esa fLFkr gS
 2

A
+ ;fn prqFkkk ±'k I ;k III esa fLFkr gS
A 1 − cos A 2
(xxv) tan = ±
2 1 + cos A A
– ;fn prFqkkk ±'k II ;k IV esa fLFkr gS
2
18° osQ dks.k osQ f=kdks.kferh; iQyu
eku yhft, θ = 18° gSA rc] 2θ = 90° – 3θ
vr%] sin 2θ = sin (90° – 3θ) = cos 3θ
;k sin 2θ = 4cos3 θ – 3cos θ
D;ksafd cos θ ≠ 0] blfy,
2sin θ = 4cos2 θ – 3 = 1 – 4sin2 θ ;k 4sin2 θ + 2sin θ – 1 = 0.

−2 ± 4 + 16 −1 ± 5
vr%] sin θ = =
8 4
5 −1
D;ksafd θ = 18° gS] blfy, sin θ > 0, gSA vr%] sin 18° =
4

6−2 5 10 + 2 5
lkFk gh] cos18° = 1 − sin 2 18° = 1 − =
16 4
vc] ge ljyrk iwoZd cos 36° vkSj sin 36° dk eku] fuEufyf[kr izdkj Kkr dj ldrs gSa%
6−2 5 2+2 5 5 +1
cos 36° = 1 – 2sin2 18° = 1 − = =
8 8 4
5 +1
vr%] cos 36° =
4

6+2 5 10 − 2 5
lkFk gh] sin 36° = 1 − cos2 36° = 1 − =
16 4
3.1.9 f=kdks.kferh; lehdj.k
fdlh pj osQ f=kdks.kferh; iQyuksa ls lac¼ lehdj.k f=kdks.kferh; lehdj.k dgykrs gSaA
lehdj.k loZlfedk,¡ dgykrh gSa] ;fn os vKkr dks.kksa osQ mu lHkh ekuksa ls larq"V gks tk,¡] ftuosQ

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fy, os iQyu ifjHkkf"kr gSaA fdlh f=kdks.kferh; lehdj.k osQ os gy ftlosQ fy, 0 ≤ θ < 2 π,
mldk eq[; gy dgykrs gSaA iw.kk±d n ls lac¼ og O;atd tks f=kdks.kferh; lehdj.k osQ lHkh
gy ns] mldk O;kid gy dgykrk gSA
f=kdks.kferh; lehdj.kksa osQ O;kid gy
(i) ;fn fdlh dks.k α osQ fy,] sin θ = sin α gks] rks θ = nπ + (–1)n α, n ∈ Z, fn;s gq,
lehdj.k dk O;kid gy nsrk gSA
(ii) ;fn fdlh dks.k α osQ fy, cos θ = cos α gks] rks θ = 2 nπ ± α, n ∈ Z, fn;s gq,
lehdj.k dk O;kid gy nsrk gSA
(iii) ;fn tan θ = tan α ;k cot θ = cot α gks] rks θ = nπ + α, n ∈ Z, bu nksuksa lehdj.kksa dk
O;kid gy nsrk gSA
(iv) lehdj.k sin2 θ = sin2 α, cos2θ = cos2 α vkSj tan2 θ = tan2 α esa ls fdlh Hkh lehdj.k
dks larq"V djus okyk θ dk O;kid eku θ = nπ ± α gksrk gSA
(v) lehdj.k sin θ = sin α vkSj cos θ = cos α dks ;qxir~ :i ls larq"V djus okyk θ dk
O;kid eku θ = 2nπ + α, n ∈ Z gSA
(vi) a cosθ + b sinθ = c, osQ :i osQ fdlh lehdj.k dk gy Kkr djus osQ fy,] ge a =
b
r cosα vkSj b = r sin α j[krs gSa] ftlls r2 = a2 + b2 vkSj tan θ = izkIr gksrk gS] bl
a
izdkj ge ns[krs gSa fd a cosθ + b sinθ = r(cos θ cos α + sin θ . sin α ) = c, ;k
c
r cos (θ – α) = c osQ :i esa ifjofrZr gks tkrk gSA vkSj blhfy,] cos (θ – α) = ;g
r
nh gqbZ lehdj.k dk gy iznku djrk gSA
O;atd Acos θ + B sin θ osQ vfèkdre vkSj U;wure eku Øe'k% A 2 + B2 vkSj – A 2 + B2
gSa] tgk¡ A vkSj B vpj gSaA
3.2 gy fd;s gq, mnkgj.k
y?kq mÙkjh; iz'u (S. A.)
mnkgj.k 1 3 cm f=kT;k okys ,d o`Ùkkdkj rkj dks dkV dj bl izdkj eksM+k tkrk gS fd og 48
cm (f=kT;k) okys ,d NYys dh ifjfèk osQ vuqfn'k fLFkr gks tk,A va'kksa (fMxjhl) esa og dks.k
Kkr dhft, tks ;g NYys osQ osaQnz ij varfjr djrk gSA
gy rkj dh f=kT;k 3 cm, fn;k gqvk gSA blfy;s] bls dkVus ij] bldh yackbZ = 2π × 3cm = 6π
cmA iqu% bls 48 cm. f=kT;k okys ,d o`Ùkkdkj NYys osQ vuqfn'k j[kk tkrk gSA ;gk¡ s = 6π cm
pki dh yackbZ gS rFkk r = 48 cm o`Ùk dh f=kT;k gSA blfy,] bl pki }kjk o`Ùk osQ osaQnz ij varfjr

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dks.k θ (jsfM;u esa) fuEufyf[kr gSµ

pki 6π π
θ= = = = 22.5°
f=kT;k 48 8
mnkgj.k 2 ;fn θ osQ lHkh ekuksa osQ fy, A = cos2θ + sin4θ gks rks fl¼ dhft, fd
3
≤ A ≤ 1 gSA
4
gy gesa izkIr gS% A = cos2 θ + sin4 θ = cos2 θ + sin2 θ sin2 θ ≤ cos2 θ + sin2 θ
vr%] A ≤ 1
lkFk gh] A = cos2 θ + sin4 θ = (1 – sin2 θ) + sin4 θ
2 2
 2 1  1  2 1 3 3
=  sin θ −  + 1 −  =  sin θ −  + ≥
 2  4  2 4 4

3
vr%] ≤ A ≤1
4
mnkgj.k 3 3 cosec 20° – sec 20° dk eku Kkr dhft,A
gy gesa izkIr gS%
3 1
3 cosec 20° – sec 20° = sin 20° − cos 20°

 3 1 
3 cos 20° – sin 20°  cos 20° – sin 20° 
= = 4  2 2 
sin 20° cos 20°  2sin 20° cos 20° 

 sin 60° cos 20° – cos 60° sin 20° 

= 4  (D;ksa\)
 sin 40° 

 sin (60° – 20°) 

= 4  =4 (D;ksa\)
 sin 40° 
mnkgj.k 4 ;fn θ nwljs prqFkk±'k esa fLFkr gS] rks n'kkbZ, fd
1 − sin θ 1 + sin θ
+ = −2sec θ
1 + sin θ 1 − sin θ

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gy gesa izkIr gS%

1 − sin θ 1 + sin θ 1 − sin θ 1 + sin θ 2
+ = + =
1 + sin θ 1 − sin θ 1 − sin 2 θ 1 − sin 2 θ cos 2 θ
2
= (D;ksafd izR;sd okLrfod la[;k α osQ fy,
| cos θ |

α 2 = | α | gksrk gS)
fn;k gS fd θ nwljs prqFkk±'k esa fLFkr gSA blfy,] |cos θ| = – cos θ (D;ksafd cos θ < 0 gS)
2
vr% fn, gq, O;atd dk vHkh"V eku = = –2 secθ
− cos θ
mnkgj.k 5 tan 9° – tan 27° – tan 63° + tan 81° dk eku Kkr dhft,A
gy gesa izkIr gS% tan 9° – tan 27° – tan 63° + tan 81°
= tan 9° + tan 81° – tan 27° – tan 63°
= tan 9° + tan (90° – 9°) – tan 27° – tan (90° – 27°)
= tan 9° + cot 9° – (tan 27° + cot 27°) (1)
1 2
lkFk gh] tan 9° + cot 9° = sin 9° cos 9° = sin18° (D;ksa\) (2)

1 2 2
blh izdkj] tan 27° + cot 27° = = = (D;ksa\) (3)
sin 27° cos 27° sin 54° cos36°
(2) vkSj (3) dk (1) esa iz;ksx djus ij] gesa izkIr gksrk gS%
2 2 2× 4 2× 4
tan 9° – tan 27° – tan 63° + tan 81° = – = – =4
sin 18° cos36° 5 −1 5 +1
sec8 θ − 1 tan 8 θ
mnkgj.k 6 fl¼ dhft, fd =
sec4 θ − 1 tan 2 θ

sec8 θ − 1 (1 − cos8 θ) cos 4 θ

gy gesa izkIr gSa % =
sec 4 θ − 1 (1 – cos 4 θ) cos8 θ

2sin 2 4 θ cos 4 θ
= (D;ksa\)
cos8 θ 2sin 2 2 θ

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sin 4 θ (2 sin 4 θ cos 4 θ)

=
2 cos8 θ sin 2 2 θ

sin 4 θ sin 8 θ
= (D;ksa\)
2 cos8 θ sin 2 2 θ

2sin 2 θ cos 2 θ sin8 θ

=
2 cos8 θ sin 2 2 θ

tan8 θ
= (D;ksa\)
tan 2 θ
mnkgj.k 7 sin θ + sin 3θ + sin 5θ = 0 dks gy dhft,A
gy gesa izkIr gS% sin θ + sin 3θ + sin 5θ = 0
;k (sin θ + sin 5θ) + sin 3θ = 0
;k 2 sin 3θ cos 2θ + sin 3θ = 0 (D;ksa\)
;k sin 3θ (2 cos 2θ + 1) = 0
blfy,] sin 3θ = 0 ;k 2cos2 θ +1 = 0
nπ
tc sin 3θ = 0, rks 3θ = nπ vFkkZr~ θ =
3
1 2π 2π π
tc cos 2θ = – = cos , rks 2θ = 2nπ ± vFkkZr~ θ = nπ ±
2 3 3 3
π π
blls θ = (3n + 1) ;k θ = (3n – 1) izkIr gksrk gSA
3 3
nπ
θ osQ mijksDr lHkh eku θ = , n ∈ Z. esa fufgr gSA
3
nπ
vr%] okafNr gy leqPp; {θ : θ = , n ∈ Z} gSA
3
mnkgj.k 8 2 tan2 x + sec2 x = 2, 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π osQ fy,] gy dhft,A
gy ;gk¡] 2 tan2 x + sec2 x = 2

1
ftlls tan x = ±
3

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1 π 7π
;fn ge tan x = ysrs gSa] rks x = ;k (D;ksa\)
3 6 6
−1 5π 11π
iqu% ;fn ge tan x = yrss gSa] rks x = ;k (D;ksa\)
3 6 6
vr%] mi;qZDr lehdj.kksa osQ laHko gy
π 5π 7 π 11π
x= , , vkSj gSa] tgk¡ 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π
6 6 6 6

nh?kZ mÙkjh; iz'u (L.A.)

 π 3π   5π   7π 
mnkgj.k 9  1 + cos   1 + cos  1 + cos  1 + cos  dk eku Kkr dhft,A
 8 8  8  8 

 π 3π   5π   7π 
gy ge fy[krs gSa%  1 + cos   1 + cos  1 + cos  1 + cos 
 8 8  8  8 

 π 3π    3π     π 
=  1 + cos  1 + cos   1 + cos  π −   1 + cos  π −  
 8 8   8    8 

 2 π 2 3π 
=  1 − cos  1 − cos  (D;ksa\)
 8 8 

2 π 3π
= sin sin 2
8 8
1 π 3π 
=  1 − cos  1 − cos  (D;ksa)
4 4 4 

1 π π
= 1 − cos  1 + cos  (D;ksa\)
4 4 4

1 2 π 1 1 1
=  1 − cos  =  1 −  =
4 4 4 2 8
2π 4π
mnkgj.k 10 ;fn x cos θ = y cos (θ + ) = z cos ( θ + ) gks] rks xy + yz + zx dk eku
3 3
Kkr dhft,A

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gy è;ku nhft, fd xy + yz + zx = xyz  + + 

1 1 1
x y z  

2π  4π 
;fn ge x cos θ = y cos (θ + ) = z cos  θ +  = k (eku yhft,) j[ksa]
3  3 

k k k
rks x= ,y= vkSj z = gksxkA
cos θ  2π   4π 
cos  θ +  cos  θ + 
 3   3 

1 1 1 1  2π   4π  
blls] + + =  cos θ + cos  θ +  + cos  θ +  
x y z k  3   3 

1 2π 2π
= [cos θ + cos θ cos − sin θ sin
k 3 3

4π 4π
+ cos θ cos − sin θ sin ]
3 3

1 −1 3
= cos θ + cos θ ( )−
k 2 2

1  3  1  – 3 
sin θ − cos θ  
 2  cos θ  –  sin θ 
 2   (D;ksa\)
2    2   

1
= ×0=0
k
vr%] xy + yz + zx = 0
mnkgj.k 11 ;fn α vkSj β lehdj.k a tan θ + b sec θ = c osQ ewy gS]a rks fl¼ dhft, fd
2ac
tan (α + β) = gSA
a − c2
2

gy gesa fn;k gS% a tanθ + b secθ = c ;k a sinθ + b = c cos θ

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θ 2 θ
2 tan 1 − tan
2 vkjS cos θ = 2
loZlfedkvksa] sin θ = θ θ
dk iz;ksx djus ij]
2 2
1 + tan 1 + tan
2 2

 θ  θ
a  2 tan  c 1 − tan 2 
 2 +b=  2
2 θ 2 θ
1 + tan 1 + tan
2 2

2 θ θ
;k (b + c) tan + 2a tan +b–c=0
2 2
θ α β
mijksDr lehdj.k tan esa ,d f}?kkr lehdj.k gS vkSj blhfy, tan vkSj tan bl lehdj.k
2 2 2
osQ ewy gSAa (D;ks\a )

α β −2a α β b−c
blfy, tan + tan = vkSj tan tan = gSA (D;ks\a )
2 2 b+c 2 2 b+c

α β
tan + tan
α β 2 2
loZlfedk tan  +  = dk iz;ksx djus ij]
 2 2  1 − tan α tan β
2 2

−2a
gesa izkIr gksrk gS%
α β
tan  +  = b + c = −2a = − a ... (1)
 2 2 b−c 2c c
1−
b+c

α+β
α+β 2 tan
2
iqu%] ,d vU; loZlfedk tan 2 = osQ iz;ksx ls]
2 2 α+β
1 − tan
2

20/04/2018
46 iz'u izn£'kdk

 a
2 − 
 c 2ac
gesa izkIr gksrk gS% tan ( α + β ) = = 2 [(1) ls]
a 2
a − c2
1− 2
c
oSdfYid :i ls] a tanθ + b sec θ = c
⇒ (a tanθ – c)2 = b2(1 + tan2 θ)
⇒ a2 tan2 θ – 2ac tan θ + c2 = b2 + b2 tan2 θ
⇒ (a2 – b2) tan2 θ – 2ac tan θ + c2 – b2 = 0 ... (1)
D;ksafd tan α vkSj tan β lehdj.k (1) osQ ewy gSa] blfy,
2ac c 2 − b2
tan α + tan β = vkSj tan α tan β = 2 2
a2 − b2 a −b

tan α + tan β
vr%] tan (α + β) =
1 − tan α tan β

2ac
a − b2
2
2ac
= 2 2 =
c −b a − c2
2

a2 − b2

mnkgj.k 12 fl¼ dhft, fd 2 sin2 β + 4 cos (α + β) sin α sin β + cos 2 (α + β) = cos 2α

gy LHS = 2 sin2 β + 4 cos (α + β) sin α sin β + cos 2(α + β)
= 2 sin2 β + 4 (cos α cos β – sin α sin β) sin α sin β
+ (cos 2α cos 2β – sin 2α sin 2β)
= 2 sin2 β + 4 sin α cos α sin β cos β – 4 sin2 α sin2 β
+ cos 2α cos 2β – sin 2α sin 2β
= 2 sin2 β + sin 2α sin 2β – 4 sin2 α sin2 β + cos 2α cos 2β – sin
2α sin 2β
= (1 – cos 2β) – (2 sin2 α) (2 sin2 β) + cos 2α cos 2β (D;ksa\)
= (1 – cos 2β) – (1 – cos 2α) (1 – cos 2β) + cos 2α cos 2β (D;ksa\)
= cos 2α = R.H.S.

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 f=kdks.kferh; iQyu 47

mnkgj.k 13 ;fn dks.k θ dks ,sls Hkkxksa esa foHkkftr fd;k tkrk gS fd ,d Hkkx dk tangent nwljs
Hkkx osQ tangent dk k xquk gS] rFkk bu Hkkxksa dk varj φ gS] rks
k +1
fl¼ dhft, fd sin θ = sin φ
k −1
gy eku yhft, fd θ = α + β rc, tan α = k tan β
tan α k
;k tan β
=
1
;ksxkarjkuqikr (componendo and dividendo) dk iz;ksx djus ij] gesa izkIr gksrk gS]
tan α + tan β k +1
=
tan α − tan β k −1
sin α cos β + cos α sin β k +1
;k = (D;ksa\)
sin α cos β − cos α sin β k −1

sin (α + β) k +1
vFkkZr]~ = (D;ksa\)
sin (α − β) k −1
α – β = φ vkSj α + β = θ fn;k gSA vr%]
sin θ k +1 k +1
= or sin θ = sin φ
sin φ k –1 k −1
mnkgj.k 14  cos θ + sin θ = 2 dks gy dhft,A
gy fn;s fn, lehdj.k dks 2 ls Hkkx nsus ij
3 1 1 π π π
cos θ + sin θ = ;k cos cos θ + sin sin θ = cos
2 2 2 6 6 4
π π π π
;k cos − θ = cos ;k cos θ − = cos (D;ksa\)
6 4 6 4
π π
vr%] bl lehdj.k osQ gy θ = 2mπ ± +
 
vr%] θ dk eku gS%
π π π π 5π π
θ = 2mπ + + ;k θ = 2mπ – + vFkkZr~ θ = 2mπ + ;k θ = 2mπ –
4 6 4 6 12 12

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oLrqfu"B mnkgj.k (MCQ)

mnkgj.k 15 ls 19 rd izR;sd esa] fn, gq, pkjksa fodYiksa esa ls lgh mÙkj pqfu,%
−4
mnkgj.k 15 ;fn tan θ = gS] rks sin θ gS
3

−4 4 −4 4
(A)
5
ijarq ugha (B) ;k
5 5 5
4 4
(C) ijarq − ugha (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
5 5
–4
gy lgh fodYi (B) gSA D;ksafd tan θ = ½.kkRed gS] blfy, θ ;k rks nwljs prqFkk±'k esa gS
3
4
;k pkSFks prqFkk±'k esa gSA bl izdkj] sin θ = ;fn θ nwljs prqFkk±'k esa fLFkr gS ;k
5
–4
sin θ = , ;fn θ pkSFks prqFkk±'k esa fLFkr gSA
5
mnkgj.k 16 ;fn sin θ vkSj cos θ lehdj.k ax2 – bx + c = 0 osQ ewy gSa] rks a, b vkSj c
fuEufyf[kr lacaèk dks larq"V djrs gSa%
(A) a2 + b2 + 2ac = 0 (B) a2 – b2 + 2ac = 0
(C) a2 + c2 + 2ab = 0 (D) a2 – b2 – 2ac = 0
gy lgh fodYi (B) gSA fn;k gS fd sin θ vkSj cos θ lehdj.k ax2 – bx + c = 0 osQ ewy gSaA
b c
blfy,] sin θ + cos θ = vkSj sin θ cos θ = (D;ksa\)
a a
loZlfedk (sinθ + cos θ) = sin θ + cos θ + 2 sin θ cos θ dk iz;ksx djus ij] gesa izkIr gksrk gS%
2 2 2

b2 2c
2
=1+ ;k a2 – b2 + 2ac = 0
a a
mnkgj.k 17 sin x cos x dk vfèkdre eku gS%
1
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 2 (D)
2
gy lgh fodYi (D) gS] D;ksafd

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 f=kdks.kferh; iQyu 49

1 1
sin x cos x = sin 2x ≤ , D;ksafd |sin 2x | ≤ 1
2 2
mnkgj.k 18 sin 20° sin 40° sin 60° sin 80° dk eku gS
−3 5 3 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
16 16 16 16
gy lgh fodYi (C) gSA okLro esa] sin 20° sin 40° sin 60° sin 80°
3 3
= sin 20° sin (60° – 20°) sin (60° + 20°) (D;ksafd sin 60° = )
2 2

3
= sin 20° (sin2 60° – sin2 20°) (D;ks\)
2
3 3
= sin 20° [ – sin2 20°]
2 4

3 1
= × [3sin 20° – 4sin3 20°]
2 4
3 1
= × (sin 60°) (D;ksa\)
2 4
3 1 3 3
= × × =
2 4 2 16
π 2π 4π 8π
mnkgj.k 19 cos cos cos cos dk eku gS_
5 5 5 5
1 −1 −1
(A) (B) 0 (C) (D)
16 8 16
gy (D) lgh mÙkj gSA gesa Kkr gS_
π 2π 4π 8π
cos cos cos cos
5 5 5 5
1 π π 2π 4π 8π
= 2 sin cos cos cos cos
π 5 5 5 5 5
2 sin
5

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50 iz'u izn£'kdk

1 2π 2π 4π 8π
= sin cos cos cos
π 5 5 5 5 (D;ksa\)
2 sin
5
1 4π 4π 8π
= sin cos cos
π 5 5 5 (D;ksa\)
4 sin
5
1 8π 8π
= sin cos
π 5 5 (D;ksa\)
8sin
5
16π  π
sin sin  3π + 
= 5
=
 5
π π
16 sin 16 sin
5 5
π
− sin
= 5
π (D;ksa\)
16 sin
5
1
= −
16
fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft,%
mnkgj.k 20 ;fn] 3 tan (θ – 15°) = tan (θ + 15°), 0° < θ < 90° gS] rks θ = _________gSA
gy 3 tan (θ – 15°) = tan (θ + 15°) dks bl :i esa fy[kk tk ldrk gS%

tan(θ + 15°) 3
=
tan(θ − 15°) 1

tan (θ + 15°) + tan (θ – 15°)

;ksxkarjkuqikr osQ iz;ksx ls gesa izkIr gqvk =2
tan (θ + 15°) − tan (θ – 15°)

sin (θ + 15°) cos (θ − 15°) + sin (θ − 15°) cos (θ + 15°)

⇒ =2
sin (θ + 15°) cos (θ − 15°) − sin (θ − 15°) cos (θ + 15°)

sin 2θ
⇒ = 2 vFkkZr~ sin 2θ = 1 (D;ksa\)
sin 30°

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 f=kdks.kferh; iQyu 51

blls θ = π
4
crkb, fd fuEufyf[kr dFku lR; gS ;k vlR;A vius mÙkj dk vkSfpR; nhft,A
1
1−
mnkgj.k 21 “vlfedk 2sinθ + 2cosθ ≥ 2 θ osQ lHkh okLrfod ekuksa osQ fy, lR; gSA”
2
gy lR;A D;ksafd 2sinθ vkSj 2cosθ èkukRed okLrfod la[;k,¡ gSa] blfy, budk lekarj ekè;
(A.M.) buosQ xq.kksÙkj ekè; (G.M.) ls cM+k ;k mlosQ cjkcj gksxkA vr%]
sin cos 
2 +2 cos 
≥ 2sin 2 = 2sin+cosθ
2
sin θ + cos θ 1  1 1 
 sin θ + cos θ 
2 2 
≥2 2 = 2 2

1 π 
sin  + θ 
4 
≥2 2

π 
D;ksafd –1 ≤ sin  + θ  ≤ 1 gksrk gS] blfy, gesa izkIr gS%
4 
sin θ cos θ −1 1
2 +2 1−
blfy,] ≥2 2
⇒ 2 sin θ
+2 cos θ
≥2 2
2
LraHk C1 esa fn, izR;sd izfof"V dh LraHk C2 esa nh xbZ izfof"V;ksa ls feyku dhft,%
mnkgj.k 22

C1 C2
1 − cos x x
(a) (i) cot 2
sin x 2
1 + cos x x
(b) (ii) cot
1 − cos x 2
1 + cos x
(c) (iii) cos x + sin x
sin x
x
(d) 1 + sin 2x (iv) tan
2

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52 iz'u izn£'kdk

gy
2 x
1 − cos x 2 sin
2 x
(a) = = tan
sin x x x 2
2 sin cos
2 2
vr%] (a) dk lgh feyku (iv) ls gksxk] ftls (a) ↔ (iv) ls O;Dr fd;k tk,xk%
x
1 + cos x 2cos2 x
(b) = 2 = cot 2 gSA vr%] (b) dk lgh feyku (i) ls gksxk] vFkkZr~ (b) ↔ (i) gSA
1 − cos x 2 sin 2 x 2
2

2 x
1 + cos x 2 cos
2 x
(c) = = cot gSA
sin x x x 2
2 sin cos
2 2
vr%] (c) dk lgh feyku (ii) ls gksxk] vFkkZr~ (c) ↔ (ii) gSA
(d) 1 + sin 2 x = sin 2 x + cos 2 x + 2sin x cos x

= (sin x + cos x ) 2

= (sin x + cos x )
vr% (d) dk lgh feyku (iii) ls gkxkA vFkkZr~ (d) ↔ (iii) gSA
3.3 iz'ukoyh
y?kq mÙkjh; iz'u
tan A + sec A –1 1 + sin A
1. fl¼ dhft, fd =
tan A − sec A + 1 cos A

2 sin α 1 − cos α + sin α

2. ;fn = y gS] rks fl¼ dhft, fd Hkh y osQ cjkcj gSA
1 + cos α + sin α 1 + sin α

1 − cos α + sin α 1 − cos α + sin α 1 + cos α + sin α

loasQr% O;Dr dhft,% = .
1 + sin α 1 + sin α 1 + cos α + sin α

m+n
3. ;fn m sin θ = n sin (θ + 2α) gS] rks fl¼ dhft, fd tan (θ + α) cot α =
m−n

20/04/2018
 f=kdks.kferh; iQyu 53

sin (θ + 2α) m
[laosQr: = fy[kdj ;ksxkarjkuqikr dk iz;ksx dhft,A]
sin θ n

4 5 π
4. ;fn cos (α + β) = vkSj sin (α – β) = gS_ tgk¡ α, 0 vkSj osQ chp fLFkr gS_ rks
5 13 4
tan2α dk eku Kkr dhft,A
[laosQr: tan 2 α dks tan (α + β + α – β) osQ :i esa O;Dr dhft,Aº
b a+b a −b
5. ;fn tan x = gS] rks + dk eku Kkr dhft,A
a a −b a+b
θ 9θ
6. fl¼ dhft, fd cosθ cos – cos3θ cos = sin 7θ sin 8θ gSA
2 2
1 θ 9θ
[laosQr: L.H.S. = [2cosθ cos ] osQ :i esa O;Dr dhft,Aº
– 2 cos3θ cos
2 2 2
7. ;fn a cos θ + b sin θ = m vkSj a sin θ – b cos θ = n gS] rks fl¼ dhft, fd a2 + b2 =
m2 + n2 gSA

8. tan 22°30 ′ dk eku Kkr dhft,A

[laosQr: eku yhft, fd θ = 45° gSA

θ θ θ
sin
2 sin cos
θ 2 = sin θ dk iz;ksx dhft,A]
vr% tan = 2 = 2
2 θ θ 1 + cos θ
cos 2 cos2
2 2
9. fl¼ dhft, fd sin 4A = 4sinA cos3A – 4 cosA sin3A gSA
10. ;fn tanθ + sinθ = m vkSj tanθ – sinθ = n gks] rks fl¼ dhft, fd m2 – n2 = 4sinθ tanθ gSA
[laoQs r: m + n = 2tanθ, m – n = 2 sinθ gSA rks m2 – n2 = (m + n) (m – n) dk iz;ksx dhft,]
p+q
11. ;fn tan (A + B) = p vkSj tan (A – B) = q gS] rks fl¼ dhft, fd tan 2 A = gSA
1 − pq
[laosQr: 2A = (A + B) + (A – B) dk iz;ksx dhft,]
12. ;fn cosα + cosβ = 0 = sinα + sinβ gS] rks fl¼ dhft, fd cos 2α + cos 2β = – 2cos
(α + β) gSA
[laosQr: (cosα + cosβ)2 – (sinα + sinβ)2 = 0 gSA]

20/04/2018
54 iz'u izn£'kdk

sin ( x + y ) a+b tan x a

13. ;fn = gS] rks fl¼ dhft, fd = gSA
sin ( x − y ) a−b tan y b
[laosQr: ;ksxkarjkuqikr dk iz;ksx dhft,A]
sin α − cos α
14. ;fn tanθ = gS] rks fl¼ dhft, fd fd sinα + cosα = 2 cosθ gSA
sin α + cos α
π π
[laosQr: O;Dr dhft,% tan θ = tan (α – ) θ=α– ]
4 4
15. ;fn sinθ + cosθ = 1 gS] rks θ dk O;kid eku Kkr dhft,A
1
16. lehdj.k tanθ = –1 vkSj cosθ = dks larq"V djus okys θ dk mHk;fu"B O;kid eku
2
Kkr dhft,A
17. ;fn cot θ + tan θ = 2 cosec θ gS] rks θ dk O;kid eku Kku dhft,A
18. ;fn 2sin2θ = 3cosθ gS] tgk¡ 0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π gS] rks θ dk eku Kkr dhft,A
π
19. ;fn secx cos5x + 1 = 0 gS] tgk¡ 0 < x ≤ gS] rks x dk eku Kkr dhft,A
2
nh?kZ mÙkjh; iz'u (LA)
20. ;fn sin (θ + α) = a vkSj sin (θ + β) = b gS] rks fl¼ dhft, fd cos 2(α – β) – 4ab
cos (α – β) = 1 – 2a2 – 2b2 gSA
[laoQs r: cos (α – β) = cos {(θ + α) – (θ + β) fyf[k,A]}
1− m
21. ;fn cos (θ + φ) = m cos (θ – φ) gS] rks fl¼ dhft, fd tan θ = cot φ gSA
1+ m

cos (θ + π ) m
[laosQr: = osQ :i esa O;Dr dj ;ksxkarjkuqikr dk iz;ksx dhft,A]
cos (θ − π ) 1

3π π
22. O;atd 3 [sin4 ( − α ) + sin4 (3π + α)] – 2 {sin6 ( + α) + sin6 (5π – α)] dk
2 2
eku Kkr dhft,A
23. ;fn a cos 2θ + b sin 2θ = c osQ ewy α vkSj β gSa] rks fl¼ dhft, fd
2b
tanα + tan β = gSA
a+c

20/04/2018
 f=kdks.kferh; iQyu 55

1− tan 2 θ 2 tan θ
[laosQr: loZlfedkvksa cos 2θ = vkSj sin 2θ = dk iz;ksx dhft,A ]
1 + tan θ
2
1 + tan 2 θ
24. ;fn x = sec φ – tan φ vkSj y = cosec φ + cot φ gS] rks fl¼ dhft, fd xy + x – y + 1 = 0 gSA
[laosQr: Find xy + 1 Kkr dhft, vkSj fiQj fl¼ dhft, fd x, y = – (xy + 1) gSA]
8
25. ;fn θ izFke prqFkk±'k esa fLFkr gS rFkk cosθ = gS] rks
17
cos (30° + θ) + cos (45° – θ) + cos (120° – θ) dk eku Kkr dhft,A
π 3π 5π 7π
26. O;atd cos 4 + cos 4 + cos 4 + cos 4 dk eku Kkr dhft,A
8 8 8 8
4 π 4 3π
[laosQr: O;atd 2 ( cos + cos )
8 8
 π 3π 
2
π 3π 
= 2  cos 2 + cos2  − 2cos 2 cos2  osQ :i esa ljy dhft,A
 8 8  8 8 
27. lehdj.k 5cos2θ + 7sin2θ – 6 = 0 dk O;kid gy Kkr dhft,A
28. lehdj.k sinx – 3sin2x + sin3x = cosx – 3cos2x + cos3x dk O;kid gy Kkr dhft,A
29. lehdj.k ( 3 – 1) cosθ + ( 3 + 1) sinθ = 2 dk O;kid gy Kkr dhft,A
π π
[laosQr: 3 – 1= r sinα, 3 + 1 = r cosα jf[k,] ftlls tanα = tan ( – )
4 6
π
α= izkIr gksrk gSA]
12
oLrqfu"B iz'u
iz'u 30 ls 59 esa] fn, pkj fodYiksa esa ls lgh mÙkj pqfu, (M.C.Q).
30. ;fn sin θ + cosec θ = 2, rks sin2 θ + cosec2 θ cjkcj gSµ
(A) 1 (B) 4
(C) 2 (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
31. ;fn f (x) = cos x + sec x gS] rks
2 2

(A) f (x) < 1 (B) f (x) = 1

(C) 1< f (x) < 2 (D) f (x) ≥ 2
[laosQr: A.M ≥ G.M.]

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56 iz'u izn£'kdk

1 1
32. ;fn tan θ = vkSj tan φ = gS] rks θ + φ dk eku gS
2 3

π π
(A) (B) π (C) 0 (D)
6 4
33. fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu lgh ugha gS\
1
(A) sin θ = – (B) cos θ = 1
5
1
(C) sec θ = (D) tan θ = 20
2
34. tan 1° tan 2° tan 3° ... tan 89° dk eku gSµ
1
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) (D) ifjHkkf"kr ugha
2
1 − tan 2 15°
35. dk eku gSµ
1 + tan 2 15°

3
(A) 1 (B) 3 (C) (D) 2
2
36. cos 1° cos 2° cos 3° ... cos 179° dk eku gSµ
1
(A) (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) –1
2
37. ;fn tan θ = 3 gS vkSj θ rhljs prqFkk±'k esa fLFkr gS]rks sin θ dk eku gSµ
1 1 −3 3
(A) (B) − (C) (D)
10 10 10 10
38. tan 75° – cot 75° dk eku gSµ
(A) 2 3 (B) 2+ 3 (C) 2− 3 (D) 1
39. fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu lgh gS\
(A) sin1° > sin 1 (B) sin 1° < sin 1
π
(C) sin 1° = sin 1 (D) sin 1° = sin 1
180
180°
[laosQr: 1 jsfM;u = = 57° 30′ yxHkx]
π

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 f=kdks.kferh; iQyu 57

m 1
40. ;fn tan α = , vkSj tan β = gS] rks α + β cjkcj gSµ
m +1 2m + 1
π π π π
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 3 6 4
41. 3 cosx + 4 sinx + 8 dk U;wure eku gSµ
(A) 5 (B) 9 (C) 7 (D) 3
42. tan 3A – tan 2A – tan A cjkcj gSµ
(A) tan 3A tan 2A tan A (B) – tan 3A tan 2A tanA
(C) tan A tan 2A – tan 2A tan 3A – tan 3A tan A (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
43. sin (45° + θ) – cos (45° – θ) dk eku gSµ
(A) 2 cosθ (B) 2 sinθ (C) 1 (D) 0
π  π 
44. cot  + θ  cot  − θ  dk eku gSµ
4  4 
(A) –1 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) ifjHkkf"kr ugha
45. cos 2θ cos 2φ + sin2 (θ – φ) – sin2 (θ + φ) cjkcj gSµ
(A) sin 2(θ + φ) (B) cos 2(θ + φ)
(C) sin 2(θ – φ) (D) cos 2(θ – φ)
[laosQr: sin2 A – sin2 B = sin (A + B) sin (A – B) dk iz;ksx dhft,A]
46. cos 12° + cos 84° + cos 156° + cos 132° dk eku gSµ
1 1 1
(A) (B) 1 (C) – (D)
2 2 8
1 1
47. ;fn tan A = , tan B = gS] rks tan (2A + B) dk eku cjkcj gSµ
2 3
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
π 13π
48. sin sin dk eku gSµ
10 10

1 1 1
(A) (B) − (C) − (D) 1
2 2 4

5 −1 5 +1
[laosQr: sin 18° = vkSj cos 36° = iz;ksx dhft,Aº
4 4

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58 iz'u izn£'kdk

49. sin 50° – sin 70° + sin 10° dk eku cjkcj gSµ
1
(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) (D) 2
2
50. ;fn sin θ + cos θ = 1 gS] rks sin 2θ dk eku cjkcj gSµ
1
(A) 1 (B) (C) 0 (D) –1
2
π
51. ;fn α + β = gS] rks (1 + tan α) (1 + tan β) dk eku cjkcj gSµ
4
(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) – 2 (D) ifjHkkf"kr ugha
−4 θ
52. ;fn sin θ = gS vkSj θ rhljs prqFkk±'k esa fLFkr gS] rks cos dk eku cjkcj gSµ
5 2
1 1 1 1
(A) (B) – (C) – (D)
5 10 5 10
53. varjky [0,2π] esa fLFkr lehdj.k tan x + sec x = 2 cosx osQ gyksa dh la[;k gSµ
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3
π π 2π 5π
54. sin + sin + sin + sin dk eku fuEufyf[kr gSµ
18 9 9 18
7π 4π
(A) sin + sin (B) 1
18 9
π 3π π π
(C) cos + cos (D) cos + sin
6 7 9 9
55. ;fn A nqljs prqFkk±'k esa fLFkr gS rFkk 3 tan A + 4 = 0, rks 2 cotA – 5 cos A + sin A dk
eku gSµ
−53 23 37 7
(A) (B) (C) (D)
10 10 10 10
56. cos 48° – sin 12° dk eku gSµ
2 2

5 +1 5 −1
(A) (B)
8 8

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 f=kdks.kferh; iQyu 59

5 +1 5 +1
(C) (D)
5 2 2
[laosQr : cos A – sin B = cos (A + B) cos (A – B) dk iz;ksx dhft,A]
2 2

1 1
57. ;fn tan α = , vkSj tan β = , rks cos 2α cjkcj gSµ
7 3
(A) sin 2β (B) sin 4β (C) sin 3β (D) cos 2β
a
58. ;fn tan θ = gS] rks b cos 2θ + a sin 2θ cjkcj gS
b
a
(A) a (B) b (C) (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
b
1
59. ;fn x dh lHkh okLrfod eku osQ fy,] cos θ = x + gS] rks
x
(A) θ ,d U;wu dks.k gS (B) θ ,d ledks.k gS
(C) θ ,d vfèkd dks.k gS (D) θ dk dksbZ eku laHko ugha gS
iz'u la[;k 60 ls 67 rd esa fjDr LFkkuksa dks Hkfj,%
sin 50°
60. dk eku _______ gSA
sin 130°

π  5π   7π 
61. ;fn k = sin   sin   sin   gS] rks k dk la[;kRed eku _______ gSA
 18   18   18 
1 − cos B
62. ;fn tan A = ] rks tan 2A = _______.
sin B
63. ;fn sin x + cos x = a, rks
(i) sin6 x + cos6 x = _______ (ii)| sin x – cos x | = _______.
64. ,d f=kHkqt ABC, ftlesa ∠C = 90° osQ fy, og lehdj.k] ftlosQ ewy tan A vkSj
tan B gSa] _______gksxkA
2
[laosQr% A + B = 90° ⇒ tan A tan B = 1 vkSj tan A + tan B = ]
sin 2A

65. 3 (sin x – cos x)4 + 6 (sin x + cos x)2 + 4 (sin6 x + cos6 x) = _______
66. x > 0 fn;k jgus ij] f(x) = – 3 cos 3 + x + x 2 osQ eku varjky _______ esa fLFkr gSAa

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60 iz'u izn£'kdk

67. iQyu y = 3 sin x + cos x osQ vkys[k ij fLFkr fdlh fcanq dh x-v{k ls vfèkdre nwjh
_______ gSA
iz'u 68 ls 75 rd izR;sd esa crkb, fd dFku lR; gS ;k vlR;] lkFk gh bldk vkSfpR; Hkh nhft,A
1 – cos B
68. ;fn tan A = gS] rks tan 2A = tan B
sin B
69. lfedk sin A + sin 2A + sin 3A = 3 osQ oqQN okLrfod ekuksa osQ fy, lR; gSA
70. sin 10°, cos 10° ls cM+k gSA
2π 4π 8π 16π 1
71. cos cos cos cos =
15 15 15
15 16
72. θ dk ,d eku] tks lehdj.k sin4 θ – 2sin2 θ – 1 = 0 dks larq"V djrk gS] rFkk 0 vkSj 2π
osQ chp esa fLFkr gksrk gSA
π
73. ;fn cosec x = 1 + cot x, rks x = 2nπ, 2nπ +
2
nπ π
74. ;fn tan θ + tan 2θ + 3 tan θ tan 2θ = 3 , rks θ = +
3 9

 π 1
75. ;fn tan (π cosθ) = cot (π sinθ) gS] rks cos  θ –  = ± gSA
 4 2 2
76. fuEufyf[kr esa LraHk C1 esa fy[ks izR;sd O;atd dks LraHk C2 esa fn, lgh mÙkjksa ls lgh feyku
dhft,%
C1 C2
(a) sin (x + y) sin (x – y) (i) cos x – sin2 y
2

1 − tan θ
(b) cos (x + y) cos (x – y) (ii)
1 + tan θ
π  1 + tan θ
(c) cot  + θ  (iii)
4  1 − tan θ

π 
(d) tan  +   (iv) sin2 x – sin2 y
4 

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