CBSE Class 12 Maths Sample Paper

Set 1 Solution

SECTION – A

1. Given 𝑔(𝑥) = 4𝑒 2𝑥 + 3

Let 𝑦 = 4𝑒 2𝑥 + 3
𝑦−3
4
= 𝑒 2𝑥

Taking logarithms on both sides we get

𝑦−3
ln ( 4
) = 2𝑥

1 𝑦−3 𝑦−3
𝑥 = 2 ln ( 4
) = 𝑙𝑛√ 4

𝑥−3
𝑔−1 (𝑥) = 𝑙𝑛√ 4

The domain of 𝑔−1 is same as the range of 𝑔(𝑥) = 4𝑒 2𝑥 + 3

The range of 𝑔(𝑥) = 4𝑒 2𝑥 + 3 is [3, ∞] because the +3 shifts up the graph of the function

So, the domain of 𝑔−1 is [3, ∞]

2. As the three points (2, -3), (3, 1) and (5, n) are said to be collinear, we can form the 3×3
determinant where the first column is the x's for all the points, the second column is the y's for all
the points, and the last column is all ones.

Then equate that determinant to zero to get the value of n

2 −3 1
|3 1 1| = 0
5 𝑛 1
1 1 −3 1 −3 1
2| | − 3| | +5| |=0
𝑛 1 𝑛 1 1 1
2(1 − 𝑛) − 3(−3 − 𝑛) + 5(−3 − 1) = 0
𝑛=9

3. X={1,2,3,5,6,10,15,30}

f(2,5,15) =(2+5)*(5+15) =10*(30/5 +15)=210

4. 𝑐⃗ = (3𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗) + (𝑎⃗ − 4𝑏⃗⃗) = 4𝑎⃗ − 3𝑏⃗⃗

2 2
Now |𝑐⃗|2 = |4𝑎⃗ − 3𝑏⃗⃗| = 16|𝑎⃗|2 − 24𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗ + 9|𝑏⃗⃗| = 16(36) + 9(64) − 24(6)𝑐𝑜𝑠180 = 16(144)
 |𝑐⃗| = √16(144) = 48

(OR)

Given 𝑎 = 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ , 𝑏 = 𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂

𝑐 = 𝑥𝑖̂ + (𝑥 − 2)𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂
Since c lies on the plane of vectors a and b
1 1 1
|1 −1 2 |=0
𝑥 𝑥−2 −1
1(1 − 2𝑥 + 4) − 1(−1 − 2𝑥) + 𝑥 − 2 + 𝑥 = 0
𝑥=2

SECTION – B

3 7 3 1
5. Let A=[ ] then A’=[ ]
1 4 7 4
3 7 3 1 6 8
Now A+A’ = [ ] +[ ]=[ ]
1 4 7 4 8 8
1 1 6 8 3 4
Let 𝑃 = (𝐴 + 𝐴′ ) = [ ]=[ ]
2 2 8 8 4 4
3 4
𝑃′ = [ ]
4 4
Since P=P’, so P is a symmetric matrix
3 7 3 1 0 6
Now A-A’ = [ ] −[ ]=[ ]
1 4 7 4 −6 0
1 1 0 6 0 3
Let 𝑄 = 2 (𝐴 − 𝐴′ ) = 2 [ ]=[ ]
−6 0 −3 0
0 3
𝑄′ = [ ] = −𝑄
−3 0
So, Q is a skew-symmetric matrix

Representing A as the sum of P and Q

3 4 0 3 3 7
𝑃+𝑄 =[ ]+[ ]=[ ]=𝐴
4 4 −3 0 1 4

(OR)

1 −2
𝑋=[ ]
4 5
𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 7
𝑔(𝑋) = 𝑋 2 − 3𝑋 + 7
1 −2 1 −2 −7 −12
𝑋2 = [ ][ ]=[ ]
4 5 4 5 24 17
3 −6
3𝑋 = [ ]
12 15
−7 −12 3 −6 1 0
𝑋 2 − 3𝑋 + 7 = [ ]−[ ]+ 7[ ]
24 17 12 15 0 1
−3 −6
𝑔(𝑋) = [ ]
12 9
3 6 −3 −6 3 6 0 0
𝑔(𝑋) + [ ]=[ ]+[ ]=[ ]
−12 −9 12 9 −12 −9 0 0

1−𝑠𝑖𝑛3 𝛼
3𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝛼
, 𝑖𝑓 𝛼 < 𝜋/2
6. 𝑓(𝛼) = 𝑖, 𝑖𝑓 𝛼 = 𝜋/2
1−sin 𝛼
𝑗( ) , 𝑖𝑓 𝛼 > 𝜋/2
{ (𝜋−2𝛼)2
1−𝑠𝑖𝑛3 𝛼 1−sin 𝛼
lim
𝜋− 3𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝛼
= lim+ 𝑗 ((𝜋−2𝛼)2 ) = 𝑖
𝛼→ 𝜋
2 𝛼→
2

3𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝛼𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 −𝑗𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼

lim
𝜋− 6𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
= lim+ (2(𝜋−2𝛼)1 (−2)) = 𝑖
𝛼→ 𝜋
2 𝛼→
2

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 𝑗𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
lim
𝜋− 2
= lim+ ( 8
) =𝑖
𝛼→ 𝜋
2 𝛼→
2

1 𝑗
2
=2=𝑖
1
𝑖=2
𝑗=1

𝑣+𝑒𝑣+⋯
7. 𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑣+𝑒 = 𝑒 𝑣+𝑢

𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑣+𝑢
Differentiating both sides, we get

1 = 𝑒 𝑣+𝑢 [𝑣 + 1]
𝑒 −𝑢−𝑣 − 1 = 𝑣 ′ => ln 𝑢 = 𝑣 + 𝑢

𝑒 − ln 𝑢 − 1 = 𝑣′=> 𝑣 = ln 𝑢 − 𝑢

𝑢−1 − 1 = 𝑣′
1
𝑢
− 1 = 𝑣′

8.
In triangle CDE
2
tan 𝜃 = 𝑥 − − − (𝑖)

In triangle ABE
6
tan 𝜃 = 𝑦 − − − (𝑖𝑖)

2 6
=
𝑥 𝑦

𝑦 = 3𝑥
𝐵𝐷 = 𝑦 − 𝑥 = 3𝑥 − 𝑥 = 2𝑥
Differentiate 𝐵𝐷 = 𝑑 = 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥
6=2×
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑥
Therefore 𝑑𝑡
= 3 𝑘𝑚/ℎ𝑟 = 𝑢 km/hr

𝑢=3

9. Given that

𝑅 = {(𝑚, 𝑛): 𝑚, 𝑛 ∈ 𝑍 𝑎𝑛𝑑 5 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 (𝑚 − 𝑛)}

(i) As (𝑚 − 𝑚) = 0 and we know that every non-integer divides zero that is 0 is divisible
by every integer other than 0. So, 5 divides 0.
(𝑚 − 𝑚) ∈ 𝑅 ∀ 𝑚 ∈ 𝑅
Hence R is reflexive
(ii) Let (𝑚, 𝑛) ∈ 𝑅
So 5 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 (𝑚 − 𝑛)
This implies that 5 divides (−(𝑛 − 𝑚))

Thus, 5 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 (𝑛 − 𝑚)

So (𝑛, 𝑚) ∈ 𝑅

Hence R is symmetric.

(iii) Let (𝑚, 𝑛) ∈ 𝑅 and (𝑛, 𝑙) ∈ 𝑍

 Then 5 divides (𝑚 − 𝑛) and 5 divides (𝑛 − 𝑙)
5 divides [(𝑚 − 𝑛) + (𝑛 − 𝑙)]
This implies 5 divides (𝑚 − 𝑙)
(𝑚, 𝑙) ∈ 𝑅
Therefore, R is transitive

Hence R is an equivalence relation.

10. The probability of randomly selecting a student from the auditorium who is NOT born in a leap
3
year is 4
3 3 9
Among 2 students, the probability that none of them was born in a leap is × =
4 4 16

The probability that at least one student of the selected two students, is born in leap year is 1 −
9 7 1
16
= 16 < 2

So, we need such value of 'n' so that

3 𝑛 1
1−( ) >
4 2

Substituting each option, we get n=3

(OR)

Given that the signal is red on evening commute is 20%. Then the probability p = 0.2

Let X be the binomial random variable. It denotes the number of days that the signal shows red with
n=5 (because 5 evenings are considered here) and p=0.2

The probability that the signal shows red on exactly one day over five evenings is

𝑃(𝑋 = 1) = (51)0.21 (1 − 0.2)5−1 = 0.4096

11. The points denoted by the given position vectors are

(1,1,1), (2,3,0), (3,5,-2) and (0,-1,1)

Find the length of each sides

√12 + 22 + (−1)2 , √12 + 22 + (−2)2 , √(−3)2 + (−6)2 + (3)2 , √12 + 22 =√6, √9, √54, √5

Since all sides are of different lengths, thus the type of quadrilateral is a trapezium.

(OR)

Let x be the radius and y be the height of the cone.

Volume V = 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ = 𝜋𝑥 2 𝑦
Differentiating, we get

dV = 𝜋2𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝜋𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦

Multiply by 100 and divide by volume

𝑑𝑉 𝜋2𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥+𝜋𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 2𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
100 × 𝑉
= 100 × 𝜋𝑥 2 𝑦
= 100 × 𝑥
+ 100 × 𝑦

Given that 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑦 = ±0.2 𝑐𝑚

Substituting x=5, y=16, dx = dy = ±0.2 𝑐𝑚

2𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
100 × + 100 × = ±0.0925
𝑥 𝑦

12. The feasible region can be obtained from the given constraints as follows:

The points A (5,0) , B(4,3) and (0,5) are observed to be the corner points of the feasible region.

Thus the value of Z for each of the corner point is as follows:

𝐴(5,0): 𝑍 = 3(5) + 2(0) = 15

𝐵(4,3): 𝑍 = 3(4) + 2(3) = 12 + 6 = 18
𝐶(0,5): 𝑍 = 3(0) + 2(5) = 10
Maximum of values for Z is 18 at the corner point B (4, 3).
 SECTION-C

13. Let the equation of the line be

x−a1 y−a2 z−a3
b1
= b2
= b3
=k
(a1 , a2 , a3 ) is a point on the line and ( b1 b2 , b3 ) is the direction ratio of the line.

But given that the line passes through the origin(a1 , a2 , a3) = (0,0,0)
Then the equation of the line
x−0 y−0 z−0
b1
= b2
= b3
= k -(i)

The equation of the other line is

x - 2y – z + 3 = 0 which can be rewritten as
x−3 y−3 z−0
2
= 1
= 1
= j --(ii)

Let the point of intersection of the above two lines (i) and (ii) be P
P (2j+3, j+3, j)
Direction ratio of the line segment from origin to point P is (2j+3, j+3, j)
Since line (i) also passes through the origin
Direction ratio d1 = ( b1 , b2 , b3 ) = (2j + 3, j + 3, j)
Direction ratio d2 = (2,1,1)
d1 d2 = 2(2j + 3) + 1(j + 3) + 1. j = 6j + 9

|d1 | = √(2j + 3)2 + (j + 3)2 + j2 = √6j2 + 18j + 18

|d2 | = √4 + 1 + 1 = √6
d1 d2
cos 60 = ( )
|d1 ||d2 |
1 6j + 9
=
2 √6j + 18j + 18√6
2

Solving for j, we get j=-1, -2

d1 = (1,2, −1) or (−1,1, −2)

14. If k=0
1 1 1
|X| = l2 m2 n2 |1 1 1| = 0
1 1 1
Therefore k 2 is a factor of det X since 3 rows are identical

Let k=l, Therefore

 l2 0 0 l2 0 0
|X| = |(l − m)2 m2 (l − m)2 | = | (n)2 m2 (n)2 | = 0
(l − n)2 (l − n)2 n2 (m)2 (m)2 n2

Therefore k-l is a factor of det X

Similarly, k-m, k-n are also factors. But determinant X is a sixth-degree polynomial.

Therefore, the sixth factor is of the form d (a + b + c)

So, determinant X =d (l + m + n)k 2 (k - l)(k - m)(k - n)

Let l = m = 0, n = 2, k = 1

Substituting these values becomes

0 1 1
|𝑋| = |1 0 1| = −2𝑑
1 1 4
𝑑 = 1
𝐴𝑠 𝑘 = 𝑎
𝑑𝑒𝑡 𝑋 = 2𝑘 3 (𝑘 − 𝑙)(𝑘 − 𝑚)(𝑘 − 𝑛)

𝑚 3
15. Expanding the power of 3 in 𝑃(𝑚) = 300 + 0.25𝑚 − 0.5 (1000) , we get

𝑃(𝑚) = 300 + 0.25𝑚 − 5 × 10−10 𝑚3

Differentiating this, we get
𝑑𝑃
= 0.25 − 1.5 × 10−9 𝑚2
𝑑𝑚
Substitute m =2000, we get

𝑃(2000) = 796
The estimated cost of 2001st camera is obtained by using the derivative estimate.

P(2001) − P(2000) ≈ P′ (2000)(1) = 0.25 − 1.5 × 10−9 × 20002 = 0.244

(OR)

First, we will need to find the equation of the line passing through (-6, 2 ,3) that is at right angles to
the plane 3x-4y+5z-9=0

From the equation of the plane we can say that the normal vector to the plane is (3,-4, 5)

Thus, the line is defined as

x = 3k − 6
y = −4k + 2
z = 5k + 3
So, to determine the value of k, we need to substitute these values in the equation of the plane
3(3k − 6) − 4(−4k + 2) + 5(5k + 3) − 9 = 0
2
k=5

Substituting this value of k in x, y, z

−24 2
We get ( , , 5)
5 5
−6 8
The vector from this point to point X is (3k, −4k, 5k) =( 5 , 5 , −2)

So, we now find the negation of the vector

6 −8
=(5 ,
5
, 2)
−24 2
Now add this to the point of intersection ( , , 5)
5 5
to get the image of point X
−6 8 −24 2 −18 −6
=( 5 , 5 , −2) + ( , , 5)
5 5
=( 5
, 5 , 7)
−18 −6 11
Hence i + j + k= 5
+ 5
+7= 5

𝜋
𝜋 1+𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 1+𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
4
16. tan ( + 𝑥) = 𝜋 =
4 1−𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 1−𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
4

1
1+𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 𝑥
lim 𝑓(𝑥) = lim (1−𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥)
𝑥→0 𝑥→0
1 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 −1 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
lim 𝑓(𝑥) = lim [(1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥)𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 ] 𝑥 × [(1 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥)𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 ] 𝑥
𝑥→0 𝑥→0

= 𝑒 × 𝑒 = 𝑒2

(OR)

The slope of the curve at the point (x, y) is given as

𝑑𝑦 𝑦 𝑦
= + sec ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
Let y = vx
𝑑(𝑣𝑥) 𝑣𝑥 𝑣𝑥
= + sec ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
𝑥𝑑𝑣
𝑣+ = 𝑣 + 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑣
𝑑𝑥
𝑥𝑑𝑣
= 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑣
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑥
=
𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑣 𝑥
Integrating on both sides,
𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑥
∫ =∫
𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑣 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
∫ cos 𝑣 𝑑𝑣 = ∫
𝑥
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑣 = log 𝑣 + log 𝐶
𝑦
sin ( ) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥 + log 𝐶 = log(𝐶𝑥)
𝑥
𝜋
The curve passes through (1 , 3 )
𝜋
sin ( ) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑐
3
√3
= 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑐
2
𝑦 √3
The equation of the curve is sin (𝑥 ) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥 + 2

17.

The four vertices of the tetrahedron would be obtained by plotting the points where the given plane
2x + 4y + 6z = 8 intersects the axes.
When it intersects x-axis where y = 0 and z = 0,
So, 2x = 8 which implies x = 4. This is the point (4, 0, 0).
4
Similarly, it goes through (0, 2, 0) and (0, 0, 3).
4
Hence four vertices of the tetrahedron are (0,0,0), (4, 0, 0), (0, 2, 0) and (0, 0, 3).

The given plane can be rewritten as

x y z
+ + =1
4 2 4
3
The distance of the given plane from origin is
 0 0 0
| 4 + 2 + 4 − 1|

D= 3
2
2 2
√(1) + (1) + ( 1 )
4 2 4
3
1
=
2
2 2
√(1) + (1) + ( 1 )
4 2 4
3
4
The distance of the given plane from origin is =
√14

18. The graph cuts at y-axis (x=0) at (0,10) and given that
dy
at (0,10) = 24
dc
at x=0

8c = 24
C=3
dy
= 0 at S(−2,0) as it touches x-axis
dx
48a − 24b + 8c = 0

24a − 12b + 24 = 0

2a − b = −1 … … . . (i)

Also, S lies on the curve

4𝑎𝑥 3 + 6𝑏𝑥 2 + 8𝑐𝑥 + 10 = −32𝑎 + 24𝑏 − 16𝑐 + 10 = 0

−16𝑎 + 12𝑏 = 19 … … … (𝑖𝑖)

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 (𝑖) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (𝑖𝑖)

𝑀𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔 (𝑖) 𝑏𝑦 − 8

−16𝑎 + 8𝑏 = 8

𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑒 (𝑖𝑖) 𝑖𝑛 (𝑖)

19 − 12𝑏 + 8𝑏 = 8

−4𝑏 = −11
 11
𝑏 =
4

7
𝑎 =
8

19. When a pair of dice is thrown for the first time, the number of possible events that would occur
is 6 × 6 = 36

Doublet means the same number appearing on both the dice.

The number of possible doublets that could occur are {(1,1),(2,2,),(3,3,),(4,4,),(5,5),(6,6)}

6 1
The probability of getting a doublet when a pair of dice is thrown for one time = P = 36 = 6
1 5
The probability of not getting a doublet = p'=1 − 6 = 6

If Y is a binomial distribution for the probability of not more than 4 success events in 6 Bernoulli
trials.

1 5 5 6−5 1 6 5 6−6
𝑃(𝑌 ≤ 4) = 1 − [𝑃(𝑌 = 5) + 𝑃(𝑌 = 6)] = 1 − (6𝐶5 ( ) ( ) + 6𝐶6 ( ) ( ) )
6 6 6 6
1 5 1 46625
1 − (6 × 5 × + 1 × 6 ) = = 0.99
6 6 6 46656

20. Let x be the sum of the events of picking two tiles

X 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
P(X) 4/36 4/36 9/36 8/36 6/36 4/36 1/36

4 4 9 8 6 4 1
Mean ∑8𝑥=2 𝑥𝑃(𝑥) = 2 × 36 + 3 × 36 + 4 × 36 + 5 × 36 + 6 × 36 + 7 × 36 + 8 × 36 = 4.67

𝑋2 4 9 16 25 36 49 64
P(X) 4/36 4/36 9/36 8/36 6/36 4/36 1/36
4 4 9 8 6 4 1
𝐸(𝑥 2 ) = 4 × +9× + 16 × + 25 × + 36 × + 49 × + 64 × = 24.22
36 36 36 36 36 36 36
2
Variance = 𝐸(𝑥 2 ) − (𝐸(𝑥)) = 24.22 − (4.67)2 = 2.4111

21. Let X be the random variable which would denote the number of questions for which Jill had
ticked the right options.

X follows binomial distribution.

Conditions:
 1) Probability of guessing correct answer is fixed for any of the 25 questions because every
question has only 4 options
1
= 0.25
4
2) A finite number '25' is defined as the number of questions in the test. This is
independent of whether Jill answers correctly or not.
Probability of mass function for the binomial distribution is as follows.
𝑛
𝑃(𝑋 = 𝑘) = ( ) 𝑝𝑘 (1 − 𝑝)𝑛−𝑘
𝑘
If more than 20 questions are answered correctly
𝑃(𝑋 > 20) = 𝑃(𝑋 = 21) + 𝑃(𝑋 = 22) + 𝑃(𝑋 = 23) + 𝑃(𝑋 = 24) + 𝑃(𝑋 = 25)
𝑃(𝑋 > 20) = (25
21
)0.2521 (1 − 0.25)25−21 + (25
22
)0.2522 (1 − 0.25)25−22 + (25
23
)0.2523 (1 −

0.25)25−23 + (25
24
)0.2524 (1 − 0.25)25−24 + (25
25
)0.2525 (1 − 0.25)25−25 = 9.68 × 10−10

22. 𝑒 2𝑢𝑙𝑛𝑢 − 2𝑒 𝑢𝑙𝑛𝑢 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑣 − 1 = 0

𝑒 2𝑢𝑙𝑛𝑢 − 1
= 2 cot 𝑣
𝑒 𝑢𝑙𝑛𝑢
1
𝑒 𝑢𝑙𝑛𝑢 [ 𝑒 2𝑢𝑙𝑛𝑢 (2𝑢 × + 2𝑙𝑛𝑢 )] = −2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑣 . 𝑣 ′
𝑢
1
−(𝑒 2𝑢𝑙𝑛𝑢 − 1)𝑒 𝑢𝑙𝑛𝑢 (𝑢 × 𝑢 + 1 × ln 𝑢)
=
(𝑒 𝑢𝑙𝑛𝑢 )2
𝑒 1 ln 1 [𝑒 2𝑙𝑛1 (2 + 2 ln 1)] − (𝑒 2.1𝑙𝑛1 − 1)𝑒 2.1 ln 1 (1 + ln 1)
= 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑣. 𝑣 ′
(𝑒 1𝑙𝑛1 )2
2
= −1 = 𝑣 ′ . 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑣
2
𝑢2𝑢 − 2𝑢𝑢 cot 𝑣 − 1 = 0
At u=1
12(1) − 2(1)1 cot 𝑣 − 1 = 0
cot 𝑣 = 0
𝜋
𝑣=
2
𝜋
−1 = 𝑣 ′ . 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2
2
𝑣 ′ = −1

23. The Corner Point Method is a method used for solving a linear programming problem. The steps
involved for this method are as follows:

(i) Determine the feasible region for the given linear programming problem.
 (ii) Determine the corner points of the obtained feasible region by solving the equations
of the two lines intersecting at the point. The corner points also can be obtained by
inspection.
(iii) Determine the value of Z for each corner point using the objective function Z=ax + by
(iv) (a) If the feasible region is bounded, the largest and smallest values of Z would be
the maximum and minimum values of Z.
(b) If the feasible region is unbounded, graph the inequality ax + by > M where M is
the maximum value of Z. If the resulting open half plane has no point which is in
common with the feasible region, M is the maximum value of Z. Otherwise,
there is no maximum value for Z.
(c) If the feasible region is unbounded, graph the inequality ax + by < m where m is
the minimum value of Z. If the resulting open half plane has no point which is in
common with the feasible region, m is the minimum value of Z. Otherwise, there
is no minimum value for Z.

(OR)

We notice that:
1 ′ 1
(𝑎 + 𝑎) = 1 − 𝑎2

And so:
1 ′ 1 1
𝑎 (𝑎 + 𝑎) = 𝑎 (1 − 𝑎2 ) = 𝑎 − 𝑎
So, for
1
𝑢(𝑎) = 𝑎 +
𝑎
We have to integrate a form that can be represented like this:
1 1
(1 + 𝑎 − ) 𝑒 𝑎+𝑎 = 1 × 𝑒 𝑢(𝑎) + 𝑎𝑢′ (𝑎) × 𝑒 𝑢(𝑎)
𝑎
Can be written like this

𝑎′ × 𝑒 𝑢(𝑎) + 𝑎𝑢′ (𝑎) × 𝑒 𝑢(𝑎)

And it is the derivative of 𝑎𝑒 𝑢(𝑎)

And therefore, we see that

1 1
∫ (1 + 𝑎 − ) 𝑒 𝑎+𝑎 𝑑𝑎 = ∫(𝑎′ × 𝑒 𝑢(𝑎) + 𝑎𝑢′ (𝑎) × 𝑒 𝑢(𝑎) )𝑑𝑎
𝑎
′
= ∫ (𝑎′ × 𝑒 𝑢(𝑎) + 𝑎[𝑒 𝑢(𝑎) ] ) 𝑑𝑎

∫(𝑎[𝑒 𝑢(𝑎) ])′𝑑𝑎

= 𝑎[𝑒 𝑢(𝑎) ] + 𝐶
Substituting u (a) in above equation, we get
1
𝑎 [𝑒 𝑎+𝑎 ] + 𝐶

SECTION-D

x−3 y−4 z−1

24. 4
= 1
= 1
= t

x+1 y−7 z−5

= =
12 6 3

Which means x = 4t + 3, y = t + 4, z = t+1

And x = 12t -1, y = 6t+7, z = 3t + 5
Putting t = 0, we get
From equation (1), x = 3, y = 4 , z = 1
From equation (2) x =-1, y = 7 , z= 5
i j k
n=uxv =|−4 3 4|
1 −4 4
n= i (12+16) – j (-16-4)+k(16-4) = 28i +20j +12 k = (28,20,12)
Equation of plane is given by:
3(x-28) + 4(y-20) + 1(z-12) = 0
3x +4y +z = 176
Hence, we get two points that lies in the plane:
p1 = (3,4,1) and p2 = (-1,7,5)
As given, the plane is parallel to x - 4y + 4z = -9
The vector between the points: u= ((-1-3), (7-4), (5-1))
u = (-4, 3, 4)
Direction vector for parallel plane: n = (1,-4, 4)
Normal vector for plane is given by :
i j k
𝑛 = 𝑢𝑥𝑣 = |−4 3 4|
1 −4 4
n= i (12+16) - j(-16-4)+k(16-4) = 28i +20j +12 k = (28,20,12)
Equation of plane is given by:

3(x-28) + 4(y-20)+ 1(z-12)=0

3x +4y +z = 176

(OR)
To find the projection A' of point A(3, 17, 3) onto the plane:
𝑥1 − 15 𝑦1 + 12 𝑧1 − 17
= = =𝑡
13 −9 16
x=13t+15, y=-9t-12, z=16t+17

Now dot product =0

(13t+15)(13) + (-9t-12)(-9)+(16t+17)(16)=0
25
𝑡=−
22

5 39 26
𝐴′( , − ,− )
22 22 22

Similarly, for B'

𝑥1 −0 𝑦1 −3 𝑧1 −6
= = =𝑡
13 −9 16

𝑥 = 13𝑡, 𝑦 = −9𝑡 + 3, 𝑧 = 16𝑡 + 6

(13𝑡)(13) + (−9𝑡 + 3)(−9) + (16𝑡 + 6)(16) = 0

3
𝑡=−
22
39 93 84
𝐵′ (− , , )
22 22 22
1/2
−39 − 5 2 93 + 39 2 2 84 + 26 2
𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = [( ) +( ) + ( ) ]
22 22 22

=√65

25. As we know the parallelogram having equal diagonals and do not bisect each other at right
angles is a rectangle.

So, we need to find the area of the largest rectangle

Suppose that the upper right-hand corner of the rectangle is at the point ⟨x, y⟩.

By symmetry, the rectangle with the largest area will be one with its sides parallel to the ellipse's
axes. Consider any point B(x, y) on the ellipse located in the first quadrant.

You can easily see that A(−x, y), D(x, −y), and C(−x,−y).

So, Area = 4xy, and you know that

 𝑥2 𝑦2
Ellipse 25 + 49 = 1

Thinking of the area as a function of x, we have

𝑑𝐴 4𝑥𝑑𝑦
= + 4𝑦.
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Differentiating (1) with respect to x, we have

2𝑥 2𝑦 𝑑𝑦
+ ( )( ) = 0
25 49 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 49𝑥 𝑑𝐴 49𝑥 2
=− = = 4𝑦 − 4( )
𝑑𝑥 25𝑦 𝑑𝑥 25𝑦
49𝑥 2
Setting this to 0 and simplifying, we have 𝑦 2 = From (1) we know that
25

49𝑥 2
𝑦 2 = 49 − .
25
𝑦2 1 𝑥2 1
Thus, 𝑦 2 = 49 − 𝑦 2, 2𝑦 2 = 49 and = . Clearly, then, = as well, and the area is maximized
49 2 25 2
when
5√2
𝑥= 2
= 2.5√2

7√2
𝑦 = = 3.5√2
2

Area of rectangle = 𝑥𝑦 = 4 × 2.5√2 × 3.5√2 = 70

26. Let the invested amount in the stock mutual fund be x, the invested amount in the bond fund be
y and the invested amount in the money market fund be z

𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 10,00,000
The expected returns are as follows

0.10𝑥 + 0.07𝑦 + 0.05𝑧 = 0.08(𝑜𝑓 10,00,000)

The financial planner advice

𝑥 =𝑦+𝑧
From the above three equations, we need to solve for x, y, z using matrices

Given system of linear equations

𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 10,00,000
0.10𝑥 + 0.07𝑦 + 0.05𝑧 = 80000
𝑥−𝑦−𝑧 =0
We can write these equations as
1 1 1 𝑥 1000000
[0.1 0.07 0.05] [𝑦] = [ 80000 ]
1 −1 −1 𝑧 0
As above is of the form AX=B

𝑋 = 𝐴−1 𝐵

1 1 1 −1 1 1 1
First, we need to find the [0.1 0.07 0.05] which means the inverse of [0.1 0.07 0.05]
1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1

1 1 1
First, we need to find the determinant of A = [0.1 0.07 0.05]
1 −1 −1
1 1 1
|𝐴| = |0.1 0.07 0.05|
1 −1 −1
= 1[(0.07)(−1) − (−1)(0.05)] − 1[(0.1)(−1) − (0.05)(1)] + 1[(0.1)(−1) − (0.07)(1)]
=1[−0.07 + 0.05] − 1[−0.1 − 0.05] + 1[−0.1 − 0.07]
= 1[−0.02 + 0.15 − 0.17] = −0.04
To find the inverse, we need to do the following steps

Step 1: Calculate the Matrix of Minors

For each element of the matrix, ignore the values on the current row and column and calculate the
determinant of the remaining values. Put those determinants into a matrix (the "Matrix of Minors")

Step 2: Convert the Matrix of Minors into the Matrix of Co-factors

Change the sign of the values in (first row, second column), (second row, first column), (second row,
third column) and (third row, second column)

Step 3: Transpose the obtained matrix.

Change the values in rows to columns and columns to rows

Step 4: Multiply the resulting matrix by 1/Determinant of the original matrix.

1 1 1 0.5 0 0.5
By doing these steps, the inverse of = [0.1 0.07 0.05] is = [−3.75 50 −1.25]
1 −1 −1 4.25 −50 −0.75
Thus
𝑥 0.5 0 0.5 1000000 500000
𝑋 = [𝑦] = [−3.75 50 −1.25] [ 80000 ] = [250000]
𝑧 4.25 −50 −0.75 0 250000
Hence Pooja should invest Rs 5 lakhs in stock fund.

𝜋 𝜋 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝛼−cos(3𝜋) 𝜋 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝛼−cos(
3𝜋
)
𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝛼+1 3 3
27. ∫02 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼−1 𝑑𝛼 = ∫02 1 𝑑𝛼 = ∫02 𝜋 𝑑𝛼
2(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼− ) 2(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼−cos( ))
2 3
 𝜋 3 𝜋 𝜋
2 (4 cos 𝛼 − 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼) − (4 cos3 3 − 3 cos (3 ))
=∫ 𝜋 𝑑𝛼
0 2(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 − cos ( ))
3
𝜋 3 3𝜋 𝜋
2 4(cos 𝛼 − cos 3 ) − 3(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 − cos (3 ))
=∫ 𝜋 𝑑𝛼
0 2(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 − cos (3 ))
𝜋 3 3𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
2 4(cos 𝛼 − cos 3 ) 2 3(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 − cos (3 ))
=∫ 𝜋 𝑑𝛼 − ∫ 𝜋 𝑑𝛼
0 2(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 − cos ( )) 0 2(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 − cos ( ))
3 3
𝜋 3 3𝜋 𝜋
2 (cos 𝛼 − cos 3 ) 23
= 2∫ 𝜋 𝑑𝛼 − ∫ 2 𝑑𝛼
0 (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 − cos ( )) 0
3

𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
2 (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 − cos (3 ))(cos2 𝛼 + cos2 3 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 cos (3 )) 3 2
= 2∫ 𝜋 𝑑𝛼 − ∫ 𝑑𝛼
0 (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 − cos (3 )) 2 0
𝜋 𝜋
2 1 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 3 2
= 2 ∫ (cos2 𝛼 + + ) 𝑑𝛼 − ∫ 𝑑𝛼
0 4 2 2 0
𝜋
2 1 3 𝜋
= ∫ (2 cos2 𝛼 + + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼)𝑑𝛼 − [𝛼]02
0 2 2
𝜋 𝜋
2 1 3 𝜋 2 1 3 𝜋
∫ (2 cos2 𝛼 + + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼)𝑑𝛼 − [𝛼]02 = ∫ (1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝛼 + + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼)𝑑𝛼 − [ − 0]
0 2 2 0 2 2 2
𝜋
2 3 3𝜋
= ∫ (𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝛼 + + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼)𝑑𝛼 −
0 2 4
𝜋
𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝛼 3 3𝜋
[ + 𝛼 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼]02 −
2 2 4

𝜋
𝑠𝑖𝑛2( ) 𝑠𝑖𝑛0 3 𝜋 𝜋 3𝜋 3𝜋 3𝜋
2 − + [ − 0] + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛0 − = +1− =1
2 2 2 2 2 4 4 4

(OR)

Let x be the cost ABC has charged for LED TV, y be the cost ABC has charged for Smart TV and z be
the cost ABC has charged for Flat Screen TV.

4x + 6y + 10z = 114000

8x + 3y + 5z = 72000

2x + 9y + 5z = 81000
Writing in matrix form, we get

4 6 10 𝑥 114000
[8 3 5 ] [𝑦] = [ 72000 ]
2 9 5 𝑧 81000
As above is of the form AX=B

𝑋 = 𝐴−1 𝐵
 4 6 10 −1 4 6 10
First, we need to find the [8 3 5 ] which means the inverse of [8 3 5]
2 9 5 2 9 5
4 6 10
First, we need to find the determinant of A = [8 3 5]
2 9 5
4 6 10
|𝐴| = |8 3 5 |
2 9 5
= 4[(3)(5) − (5)(9)] − 6[(8)(5) − (2)(5)] + 10[(8)(9) − (3)(2)]
=4[15 − 45] − 6[40 − 10] + 10[72 − 6] = 4(−30) − 6(30) + 10(66)
= [−120 − 180 + 660] = 360
To find the inverse, we need to do the following steps

Step 1: Calculate the Matrix of Minors

For each element of the matrix, ignore the values on the current row and column and calculate the
determinant of the remaining values. Put those determinants into a matrix (the "Matrix of Minors")

Step 2: Convert the Matrix of Minors into the Matrix of Cofactors

Change the sign of the values in (first row, second column), (second row, first column), (second row,
third column) and (third row, second column)

Step 3: Transpose the obtained matrix.

Change the values in rows to columns and columns to rows

Step 4: Multiply the resulting matrix by 1/Determinant of the original matrix.

30 60
− 360 360 0
4 6 10
30 60
By doing these steps, the inverse of = [8 3 5 ] is − 360 0
360
2 9 5 66 24 36
[ 360 − 360 − 360]
Thus
30 60
− 0
𝑥 360 360
30 60 114000
𝑋 = [𝑦 ] = − 0 [ 72000 ]
𝑧 360 360 81000
66 24 36
[ 360 − 360 − 360]
30 60
− × 114000 + × 72000 + 0
360 360
30 60 2500
= − × 114000 + 0 × 72000 + × 81000 = [ 4000]
360 360 8000
66 24 36
[360 × 114000 − × 72000 − × 81000 ]
360 360

The cost ABC has charged for Smart TV is 4000 Euros.

 𝜋 𝑢 tan 𝑢
28. 𝐼 = ∫0 sec 𝑢+tan 𝑢
− − − −(1)
𝑎 𝑎
Using the property ∫0 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = ∫0 𝑓(𝑎 − 𝑥)𝑑𝑥, we have
𝜋 (𝜋 − 𝑢) tan(𝜋 − 𝑢)
𝐼=∫ 𝑑𝑢
0 sec(𝜋 − 𝑢) + tan(𝜋 − 𝑢)
𝜋 (𝜋
− 𝑢)(− tan 𝑢)
𝐼=∫ 𝑑𝑢
0 −sec 𝑢 − tan 𝑢
𝜋 𝜋
𝜋(tan 𝑢) 𝑢(tan 𝑢)
𝐼=∫ 𝑑𝑢 − ∫ 𝑑𝑢 − − − −(2)
0 sec 𝑢 + tan 𝑢 0 sec 𝑢 + tan 𝑢
Adding (1) and (2), we have
𝜋
tan 𝑢
2𝐼 = 𝜋 ∫ 𝑑𝑢
0 sec 𝑢 + tan 𝑢
𝜋
sin 𝑢
2𝐼 = ∫ 𝑑𝑢
0 1 + sin 𝑢
2𝑎 𝑎
[𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑓(2𝑎 − 𝑥)]𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 2. ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥,
0 0
𝜋
2 sin 𝑢
2𝐼 = 𝜋 × 2 × ∫ 𝑑𝑢,
0 1 + sin 𝑢
𝜋
2 sin 𝑢 +1−1
𝐼 = 𝜋∫ 𝑑𝑢,
0 1 + sin 𝑢
𝜋 𝜋
2 2 1
𝐼 = 𝜋 ∫ 𝑑𝑢 − 𝜋 ∫ 𝑑𝑢
0 0 1 + sin 𝑢
𝜋
𝜋2 1 𝑎 𝑎
𝐼= 2
− 𝜋 ∫0 1+cos 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
2 , Using the property ∫0 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = ∫0 𝑓(𝑎 − 𝑥)𝑑𝑥,

𝜋
𝜋2 2 1
𝐼= −𝜋∫ 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
2 0 2 cos 2
2
𝜋
2
𝜋 𝜋 2 𝑢
𝐼= − ∫ sec 2 𝑑𝑢
2 2 0 2
𝜋
𝑢 2
𝜋 𝜋 tan 2
2
𝐼= − [ ]
2 2 1
2 0
𝜋2
𝐼= −𝜋
2

(OR)

Equation of the given circle is 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 49

Radius r=7
So as 7 is positive
7
𝑥= will lie on positive side of x-axis
√2

Let AB represent the line 𝑥 = 72

We have to find the area of MAB

The area of MAB will be twice of area of MAC

7
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 2 × ∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑥
7
√2

We know that

𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 72
𝑦 2 = 72 − 𝑥 2

𝑦 = ±√72 − 𝑥 2
Since MAC is in first quadrant

𝑦 = √72 − 𝑥 2
7
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 2 × ∫ √72 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
7
√2

It is of the form

1 𝑎2 𝑥
∫ √𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥√𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 + sin−1 + 𝐶
2 2 𝑎
7
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 2 × ∫ √72 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
7
√2

1 72 −1 𝑥 7
√ 2 2
= 2[ 𝑥 7 − 𝑥 + sin ( )]7/√2
2 2 7
When simplified we get
49 𝜋
Area of smaller portion ( − 1)
2 2

Subtracting this from area of circle, we get area of larger portion

49 𝜋
(7)2 𝜋 − ( − 1)
2 2
49𝜋 49 3𝜋 1
49𝜋 − + = 49 ( + )
4 2 4 2

29. Using the relations

𝐴 𝐴
(i) cos 𝐴 = cos2 2 − sin2 2 ,
𝐴 𝐴
(ii) sin 𝐴 = 2 sin cos
2 2
(tan 𝐴−tan 𝐵)
(iii) tan(𝐴 − 𝐵) = 1+tan 𝐴 tan 𝐵

First we take the LHS

1 cos 𝛼
LHS = tan−1 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝛼(1+sin 𝛼) = tan−1 (1+sin 𝛼)

𝛼 𝛼
cos 2 2 − sin2 2 ,
−1
= tan ( 𝛼 𝛼 𝛼 𝛼 )
(cos2 2 + sin2 2 , + 2 sin 2 cos 2 )

𝛼 𝛼 𝛼 𝛼
(cos 2 + sin 2 ) (cos 2 − sin 2 )
−1
= tan ( )
𝛼 𝛼 2
(cos 2 + sin 2 )

𝛼 𝛼
(cos − sin )
= tan −1
( 2 2
𝛼 𝛼 )
(cos 2 + sin 2 )
𝛼
On dividing the numerator and denominator by cos 2 , 𝑤𝑒 𝑔𝑒𝑡
𝛼 𝛼
cos 2 − sin 2 )
( 𝛼 𝛼 𝜋 𝛼
cos 2 (1 − tan 2 ) (tan 4 − tan 2 )
−1 −1 −1
tan 𝛼 𝛼 = tan ( 𝛼 ) = tan ( 𝜋 𝛼 )
cos + sin ) (1 + tan ) (tan + tan )
( 2 2 2 4 2
𝛼
( cos 2 )
𝜋 𝛼 𝜋 𝛼
tan−1 (tan( − )) = − = 𝑅𝐻𝑆
4 2 4 2
Hence proved.

OR

What is the maximum value of (cos−1 𝛼)2 + (sin−1 𝛼)2 ?

Answer:
 𝜋 𝜋2
( − sin−1 𝛼)2 + (sin−1 𝛼)2 = 2(sin−1 𝛼)2 − 𝜋 sin−1 𝛼 +
2 4
2 2
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋2
= 2 ((sin−1 𝛼)2 − 2 sin−1 𝛼 × + − + )
4 16 16 8

𝜋 𝜋2
= 2 ((sin−1 𝛼 − )2 + )
4 16
𝜋
Maximum value will be obtained when sin−1 𝛼 = 2

𝜋 𝜋 2 𝜋2 5𝜋 2
2 (( − ) + ) =
2 4 16 4