Trouble Shooting ---- Panel

Contents
1、Panel introduction

2、 Assemble and disassemble panel

3、Trouble shooting ------bonding IC/source board/disassemble and

assemble polarizer/remove bright dot etc

4、 Factory of repairing Panel-----simple and full factory

5、Appendix
Panel---Structure
•Single backlight board module panel

T-con board

Backlight board

•Double backlight board module panel

T-con board

Double
Backlight board
Panel introduction ---TFT-LCD Imaging Principle
Panel introduction----Diagram block
Panel introduction----Modue system block
Panel introduction----Structure
 Panel introduction---Structure
Liquid Crystal Module:Consist of liquid crystal,Thin Film Transistor(TFT),TFT electrode sheets,Color
filter sheet,Glass sheets and Polarizing filter.
 Panel introduction----Structure

Glass substates
Protection sheet
Prism
sheet(vertical)
Prism
sheet(horzontal)
Diffuser sheet
CCFL/LED
Ref
Refletor

LED
CCFL

Light source modue:consist of CCFL,reflection sheet,light guide

plate(LGP),diffuser sheet,prism sheets and protection sheet
Noteice:The panel used in LCD-TV has no LGP,but has many CCFL arrayed
orderly
Panel intruction ------Assemble panel(CCFL backlight)

Reflector sheet
Assembly protection sheet\prim sheet(two
\diffuser sheet

CCFL bracket

Assembly protection
sheet\prim sheet
(two\diffuser sheet

Assemble CCFL
,take careCCFL
not breaking

Take care :ccfl and

socket connect Finishing
assemblying
backliht module
Panel intruction ------Assemble panel(CCFL backlight)

Assembly bracket

Bring open cell

to assemble

Check here it is ok or not

Put the open cell on
the backlihgt module

Take care source board

Check panel it is ok or not

Take care flexible

printed cable
Tool’s moving opencell
Panel intruction ---Assemble and disassemble panel (LED backlight)----

rear cabinet photo front cabinet photo

FILM DIFFUSER
FILM PRISM
FILM DIFFUSER

FILM DIFFUSER-PLANT

A A A A
A A A
Trouble shooting-----------Driving circuits of TFT-LCD Module

gate-driver Ic also call X-Driver IC/scan driver ,source driver IC also call Y-Driver IC/data driver
Trouble shooting-----------Gate/Source LCD driver feature

TFT Gate / Source LCD Driver

Source Driver IC
— Equip mini-LVDS input interface for low EMI and high speed data input
— Support gamma correction for different panel materials
— Support Dot- and N-line inversion for panel perdurable and color uniformity
— Support cascade mode with bi-direction shift control for different display resolutions

Gate Driver IC Source Driver IC

— Support high driving voltage operation for stable display color
and wide view angle
— Support selective shift direction for different panel
system directions
— Support multiple pulses for pre-charge application using
future large panel technologies
Gate Driver IC
 Trouble shooting-----------Package and working block diagram of Driver IC

working block diagram of Driver IC

working block diagram of Driver IC

Source Driver IC

X COF

Remark:
TCP:Tape Carrier package
COF:Chip on film
COG:Chip on glass
RSDS:Reduced swing differential signaling
NS:National semicond unctor
LVDS:low-voltage differential signaling
Y COF Gate Driver IC
TTL:Transistor-Transistor logic
Trouble shooting----------- Gate Driver IC function

Also called scan driver or row driver

• Function
– Read in start signal
– Progressively turn on pixel TFTs on each gate line
– Turn off TFT during pixel holding period
• Design consideration
– RC delay of bus line (for large-size panel)
• Capacitive coupling driving (CC driving)
• Gate-driver in panel
Gate Driver Architecture
 Trouble shooting----------- Source Driver IC function
For example:LG5701

Features
Trouble shooting-----------Panel repairing operation flow
defective panel

test and classify

Repairing

Defect PCB（ Defect Defect B/L(way： repairing

Defect repair B/L) unavailable
way:repair PCB) polarizer(repairing
COF(way:Bonding)
polarizer)
Most fault Most fault
Most fault 1:CCFL or LED lamp 1:Like “+ ”line
Most fault Most fault
1:Scratch POL is not light 2:the other fault is
1:Dark screen 1:Some line for
2:POL has bubble 2:CCFL or LED lamp see next page
display COF
3:POL break auto power off picture
2:Auto power off 2: line bar for COF
off/perk 3:Backlight local
3:So many 3:Break off COF
Inside section is
different colour 4:The other fault
4:POL has the other abnormal
4:abnormal taste for COF
foreign matter

Finish repairing
Pending
processing
warehouse
Aging and testing

Full-inspection

entering warehouse
for good product

Random- sample test

Outbound warehouse
Trouble shooting----------- Panel repairing unavailable

Half V-line Dark dot liquid crystal effusion liquid crystal effusion liquid crystal effusion
and line
together

Panel broken Panel broken Panel broken “+” line and bright dot
Trouble shooting-----------Panel repairing

V-line V-line V-line V-band

V-band V-band V-band V-band

H-line H-line H-band H-band

Trouble shooting-----------Panel repairing

“+” line Polarizer scracth Polarizer scracth

Bright dot Bright dot No backlight(the problem is

backlight module
 Trouble shooting----------- Panel repairing operation flow of abnormal picture

Check panel defect

picture,remark defect position
for panel

First judge the problem is power Signal NG Check pcb’s wire yes repair PCB circuit/component/
supply voltage or signal scract/conponent/unsoldering/shortage unsolderingand soldering
component each other or not

Power NG NO

Use oscilloscope to measure T-con repair T-con board

use digital mulmeter to confirm yes
board output signal is ok or not
VDD/AVDD/VGA/VGL/VCOM/Gamma’s voltage is
ok or not

According diagram to check which Check PCB circuit/S-IC/panel circuit

normal voltage is normal or yes repair PCB/S-IC/G-IC
component is defect,for
example:remove one of component
to check wihich section is defect
NO
yes
Oscilloscope measage S-IC/G-IC Replace S-IC/G-IC
is noraml or not
Check defect component

abnormal
others
Change the defect component

yes
close
 Trouble shooting----------- Source board test key point for power supply voltage

For example:model:ST315A04-1
+12v supply
voltage to panel

CN1’s interface
pin1/pin2/pin3’s voltage
is +12v
Y

F1/12V check +12v check pin16/pin17/pin20

for main for IC6 is +12v or not
board

CN1/12V Check L2/L12 check pin5/pin6’s Check pin11/pin13/pin14 check pin40

voltage for IC6 is VDD’s voltage is 3.3v or VGH’s voltage is
6.7 or not not 31.5v or not

D3+/12V

check COF /X1- replace IC6 IC5/IN3.3V, COF/X1-X4 Replac COF/X1’S

X4HVAA ‘S OUT1.8V VDD’s voltage e IC6 voltage is
check L2 is check R148 is voltage is 6.7v is 3.3v 31.5
+12v or not 14.8v or not

Check Q1 for Q1 check COF VAA is IC supply voltage

D=14.9v/G=8.4v/S=14.9 or not 14.8v or not to Main IC
Trouble shooting----------- Source board’s block diagram(model:ST315A04-1)

Model:ST315A04-1,below board is source board

Interface section
Gray section Timing control Power supply voltage section
section

Model:T35XW06 V0,below board is soure board and backlight

Power supply voltage section

Backliht section Gray section Timing control Interface section
section
Trouble shooting----------- LCM introduction

Remark:
LCM: Liquid Crystal Module
Trouble shooting-----------Bonding process

OLB PCB
Cell in BONDING BONDING
PCBI

TAB: Tape Automatic Bonding

OLB:outer lead bonding
ACF:Anisotropic Conductive Fil
FPC:Flexible Printed Circuit
PCB:Printed Circuit Board
Trouble shooting-----------ACF for FOG Process(FPC(FPC:Flexible Printed Circuit) on Glass)

ACF-FOG Specification

ACF
Trouble shooting-----------ACF for FOB process (FPC on PCB)

ACF-FOB Specification

ACF
Trouble shooting-----------ACF for COG /COF Process (Chip on glass/chip on FPC)

ACF for COG Process

ACF for COF Process

Trouble shooting-----------ACF-COF/COG Specification

ACF
Trouble shooting-----------Bonding machine operating flow

Remove defect cof by,clear COF connect area

Put bonding cell on the desk Tear off COF

Use tweezers to nip COF or vacuum board Clean ACF

adsorb COF

Set up bonding machine heat pressing

Stick ACF
temperture/time/pressure

Start to check position,adjust

micrometer,finish adjusting position Adjust
position and
bonding COF

Startup key button,start to heat pressing

Finish heat pressing,take out production or

operate next step,operate again
Trouble shooting-----------Repair bright dot

1 pixel = 3 dot(sub-pixel)

Optics-pattern structure

Cause:red dot’s TFT keep breakover,repair

way:use laster repair machine to let TFT
breakoff,let bright dot change dark dot

LCD Driving theorem

Finish repairing Laster repair machine

Trouble shooting-----------Repair H-line

Cause :one of gate IC

channel is defect,repair
way:use bonding
machine to replace one
Gate1 is defect
new gate IC COF
LCD Driving theorem

Repair tool and materail

Trouble shooting-----------Repair H-band

Cause : many gate IC

channel is defect,repair
way:use bonding machine
to replace two or three
etcnew gate IC COF
Gate 1 or 2 is defect
LCD Driving theorem

Repair tool and materail

Trouble shooting-----------Repair V-line

Cause : soure IC
channel is defect,repair
way:use bonding
machine to replace one
of new source IC COF

source2 COF is defect

LCD Driving theorem

Repair tool and materail

Trouble shooting-----------Repair V-band

Cause : soure IC
channel is defect,repair
way:use bonding
machine to replace tow
or three etc new source
IC COF

LCD Driving theorem

source1 COF is defective

Repair tool and materail

Trouble shooting-----------Repair “+” line

Cause : soure IC and

Gate IC channel is
defect,repair way:use
bonding machine to
replace new source IC
COF and gate IC COF
LCD Driving theorem
Gate 1 and X2 are defect

Repair tool and materail

Trouble shooting-----------Repair polarizer’s scratch

Cause polarizer is polarizer

defect,repair way:use
Stick and tear off
machine to replace
newpolarizer

Repair tool and materail

Trouble shooting-----------How to replace polarizer

Operate flow technology flow

Machine reset tear off tip of polarizer

make LCD panel inside machine front polarizer

station,suction vacuum polarizer

put panel
make polarizer on the plate
turnover for machine station
finish to adjust position

tear off tip of polarizer section

for stick point start to adjust closely to fit

use double-side tape to make

tear off tip of polarizer to stick take out panel Stick polarizer’s machine
stripper axle tear

press startup button,the plate

turnover for machine station
move to the leftend stick point

idler for machine start to press Replacement polarizers

downward and adjust closelyto fit
Tear off polarizer’s machine
Trouble shooting—Polarizer

1、Polarizer scratch
Polarizer including rear and front polarizer，when we canot take care to touch and
move polarizer,maybe we will make front polarizer scratch(see below picture),when we
service engineer disassembly /assembly/put the panel,we can take care rear polarizer.

2、inside polarizer has bubbles

Inside polarizer has bubbles,the cause is between glass substrate and polarizer has
small material,but we cannot see by our eye, we see it is the same as bubbles,the
second casue:stick machine is not level off or pressure is not enough,it has gas inside
polarizer.
Trouble shooting—Polarizer
3、Inside polarizer has material
inside polarizer has material,the first cause is :panel supplier and after sale
service’s room is not enough clear,the second cause:it has material stick glass
substrate or polarizer,we cannot clear the material.

4、how to judge inside polarizer has abnormal substance

in order to judge the abnormal substance is inside polarizer surface or inside the
front and back glass,we can reference below picture to judge,remark:use A and B
zenith(start from abnormal material ) and outspread line ’position to judge
Factory of repairing Panel- -----Process planning

NO. area's name for panel repair factory

1 warehouse
2 Detect area (IQC)
3 Disassembly area(open-cell display panel disassembly
4 Repair PCB’s area
5 Dust removel/ESD removel
6 Assembly area
7 stripping\stick film area

8 Bonding area(including assembly/assebly\clear\preprocess\heating area)

9 Detect area(OQC)
10 warehouse (finish repairing display screen)
11 Warehouse house(NG panel area\meterial area)
12 replace cloth room(shoe\cloth area)
13 Aging room
14 tea room/office/meeting room
15 eletronic meterial area(repair meterial)
 Factory of repairing Panel- -- Process planning sample

Clean room Entrance

Disassembly Area TAB Bonding and ACF clean

FA Analyze Area
Material Working Area Polarizer Strip and Assembly Area
Transport
Window
IQC and Defect Panel Stock.

OQC Area

Assembly
Area
Factory of repairing Panel------Machine list

basic repairing and testing tool

NO. Equipments/Tools Type/ Specification PHOTO

1 RF signals FLUCK PM5418

Since the coupling transformer CHINT（0～300V，3KVA）

2

3 Tape cutting machine /

For white balance test ,YPBPR,VGA

4 Ca-310 color analyzer
check

bonding tool
5

6 Laster repair machine

7 microscope machine

Stick polarizer’s machine

8

Tear off polarizer’s machine

9
 Factory of repairing Panel- ------ Organization chat

Plant Manager

Supervisor for Quality Repair

warehouse(responsibility: manange(responsibility: workshop(responsibility:re
manange warehouse manage quality testa pair defect panel)
activites,inbound and and panel aging)
outbound logiistics etc)

Bonding Repalce Repair

Transport NG panel IQC(input OQC(outp polarizer PCB
and keep Good panel area(packin quality ut quality
meterial(tr area(packin g)
control) control
ansport g)
and keep
meterial\h Bonding assembly Disassem
elp （clear dirty bly panel
packing) goods etc
Factory of repairing Panel----- HR

Work Station job content Persons

Warehouse management and document
warehouse staff 2
prepare
IQC Inspection and sorting 2
Disassemble Dissassemble panel 2
TAB repair FA analyze and Bonding 3
Polarizer Strip 1
Assembly
1
Polarizer
Assembly staff 2
OQC Quality control 2
Total 15
Remark:
According to our experience we can finish repairing defect panel
70pcs/8hours by full panel repairing factory(reference).
 simple Factory of repairing Panel------ Manchine and Engineers

Engineer:2 persons

Bonding machine

Repair fault: V-line/H-line/V-band/H-band

Finish repairing quantity of defect

panel/8 hours:30pcs(reference)
Trouble shooting-----------Summary

H-band fault H-line fault

Source board fault

Trouble shooting
for display screen Polarizer
Bright dot fault scratch

V-band fault V-line fault

Appendix

different panel replace each other information

NO. item attachment

1 replacement power supply board
2 LVDS picture
3 replacement LVDS
4 replacement panel
5 replacement OPEN CELL
Appendix
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
LCM Liquid Crystal Module LCM packing way compare
TN Twisted Nematic
STN Super Twisted Nematic packing interface panel
Min Pitch cost picture
FSTN Formulated Super Twisted Nematic way material dimensions
TFT Thin Film Transistor
OSD On Screen Display Bare bonding
IC、 under 5 inch
DVI Digital Visual Interface COB 100μm middle
aluminium panel
TMDS Transition Minimized Differential Singnaling steel、PCB
LVDS Low Voltage Differential Signaling Bare bonding
IC Integrate Circuit IC、base
TCP Tape Carrier Package over 7 inch
TAB board on60μm expensive
panel
COB Chip On Board film、ACF、
COF Chip On FPC ITO glass
COG Chip On Glass Bare bonding
EL Elextro Luminescence under 5 inch
COG IC、ACF、ITO 34μm chip
CCFL(CCFT) Cold Cathode Fluorescent Light/Tude panel
glass
DPI Dot Per Inch
Bare bonding
TN Twisted Nematic IC、passive
HTN High Twisted Nematic component all inch
STN Supper Twisted Nematic COF 60μm expensive
film、ACF、 panel
FSTN Formulated STN ITO glass、
TFT Thin Film Transistor PCB
ITO Indium-Tin Oxide
ECB Electrically Controlled Birefringence
PCB Print Circuit Board
TAB Tape Automated Bonding
 THANK
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