Structural Analysis for Engineers
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Ahmed AlmayaliStructural Analysis for Engineers
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Ahmed AlmayaliAutodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional 2017
Fixed column base design : Dr. LUAY M. AL-
SHATHER
Ratio
Eurocode 3: EN 1993-1-8:2005/AC:2009 + CEB Design 0.29
Guide: Design of fastenings in concrete
GENERAL
Connection no.: 3
Connection name: Fixed column base
Structure node: 12
Structure bars: 5
GEOMETRY
COLUMN
Section: HP 10x57
Bar no.: 5
Lc = 3.80 [m] Column length
= 0.0 [Deg] Inclination angle
hc = 254 [mm] Height of column section
bfc = 259 [mm] Width of column section
twc = 14 [mm] Thickness of the web of column section
tfc = 14 [mm] Thickness of the flange of column section
rc = 17 [mm] Radius of column section fillet
Ac = 10774.17 [mm2] Cross-sectional area of a column
4
Iyc = 122372039.13 [mm ] Moment of inertia of the column section
Material: STEEL A572-60
fyc = 413.69 [MPa] Resistance
fuc = 517.11 [MPa] Yield strength of a material
COLUMN BASE
lpd = 500 [mm] Length
bpd = 500 [mm] Width
tpd = 30 [mm] Thickness
Material: STEEL A53 Gr.B
fypd = 241.32 [MPa] Resistance
fupd = 413.69 [MPa] Yield strength of a material
ANCHORAGE
The shear plane passes through the UNTHREADED portion of the bolt.
Class = A307 Anchor class
fyb = 248.21 [MPa] Yield strength of the anchor material
fub = 413.69 [MPa] Tensile strength of the anchor material
d= 32 [mm] Bolt diameter
As = 793.55 [mm2] Effective section area of a bolt
Av = 791.73 [mm2] Area of bolt section
nH = 3 Number of bolt columns
nV = 3 Number of bolt rows
Horizontal spacing eHi = 120 [mm]
Vertical spacing eVi = 120 [mm]
Anchor dimensions
L1 = 57 [mm]
L2 = 800 [mm]
L3 = 114 [mm]
L4 = 120 [mm]
Washer
lwd = 50 [mm] Length
bwd = 57 [mm] Width
twd = 10 [mm] Thickness
WEDGE
Section: HP 8x36
lw = 100 [mm] Length
Material: STEEL A53 Gr.B
fyw = 241.32 [MPa] Resistance
STIFFENER
ls = 500 [mm] Length
hs = 254 [mm] Height
ts = 20 [mm] Thickness
d1 = 20 [mm] Cut
d2 = 20 [mm] Cut
MATERIAL FACTORS
M0 = 1.00 Partial safety factor
M2 = 1.25 Partial safety factor
C = 1.50 Partial safety factor
SPREAD FOOTING
L= 1000 [mm] Spread footing length
B= 1000 [mm] Spread footing width
H= 1200 [mm] Spread footing height
Concrete
Class CONCR_4.5
fck = 31.03 [MPa] Characteristic resistance for compression
Grout layer
tg = 0 [mm] Thickness of leveling layer (grout)
fck,g = 12.00 [MPa] Characteristic resistance for compression
tg = 0 [mm] Thickness of leveling layer (grout)
Cf,d = 0.30 Coeff. of friction between the base plate and concrete
WELDS
ap = 5 [mm] Footing plate of the column base
aw = 8 [mm] Wedge
as = 4 [mm] Stiffeners
LOADS
Case: 6: COMB1 (1+2+5)*1.20+(3+4)*1.60
Nj,Ed = -274.14 [kN] Axial force
Vj,Ed,y = 1.13 [kN] Shear force
Vj,Ed,z = 4.29 [kN] Shear force
Mj,Ed,y = -5.45 [kN*m] Bending moment
Mj,Ed,z = 0.96 [kN*m] Bending moment
RESULTS
COMPRESSION ZONE
COMPRESSION OF CONCRETE
fcd = 20.68 [MPa] Design compressive resistance EN 1992-1:[3.1.6.(1)]
fj = 27.58 [MPa] Design bearing resistance under the base plate [6.2.5.(7)]
c = tp (fyp/(3*fj*M0))
c= 51 [mm] Additional width of the bearing pressure zone [6.2.5.(4)]
beff = 117 [mm] Effective width of the bearing pressure zone under the flange [6.2.5.(3)]
leff = 362 [mm] Effective length of the bearing pressure zone under the flange [6.2.5.(3)]
2
Ac0 = 42236.40 [mm ] Area of the joint between the base plate and the foundation EN 1992-1:[6.7.(3)]
2
Ac1 = 350461.52 [mm ] Maximum design area of load distribution EN 1992-1:[6.7.(3)]
Frdu = Ac0*fcd*(Ac1/Ac0) ≤ 3*Ac0*fcd
Frdu = 2516.54 [kN] Bearing resistance of concrete EN 1992-1:[6.7.(3)]
j = 0.67 Reduction factor for compression [6.2.5.(7)]
fjd = j*Frdu/(beff*leff)
fjd = 39.72 [MPa] Design bearing resistance [6.2.5.(7)]
2
Ac,n = 116401.22 [mm ] Bearing area for compression [6.2.8.2.(1)]
2
Ac,y = 51041.01 [mm ] Bearing area for bending My [6.2.8.3.(1)]
2
Ac,z = 42236.40 [mm ] Bearing area for bending Mz [6.2.8.3.(1)]
Fc,Rd,i = AC,i*fjd
Fc,Rd,n = 4623.63 [kN] Bearing resistance of concrete for compression [6.2.8.2.(1)]
Fc,Rd,y = 2027.43 [kN] Bearing resistance of concrete for bending My [6.2.8.3.(1)]
Fc,Rd,z = 1677.69 [kN] Bearing resistance of concrete for bending Mz [6.2.8.3.(1)]
COLUMN FLANGE AND WEB IN COMPRESSION
CL = 3.00 Section class EN 1993-1-1:[5.5.2]
3
Wel,y = 1213901.81 [mm ] Elastic section modulus EN1993-1-1:[6.2.5.(2)]
Mc,Rd,y = 502.17 [kN*m] Design resistance of the section for bending EN1993-1-1:[6.2.5]
hf,y = 272 [mm] Distance between the centroids of flanges [6.2.6.7.(1)]
Fc,fc,Rd,y = Mc,Rd,y / hf,y
Fc,fc,Rd,y = 1846.58 [kN] Resistance of the compressed flange and web [6.2.6.7.(1)]
3
Wel,z = 325795.46 [mm ] Elastic section modulus EN1993-1-1:[6.2.5.(2)]
Mc,Rd,z = 134.78 [kN*m] Design resistance of the section for bending EN1993-1-1:[6.2.5]
hf,z = 181 [mm] Distance between the centroids of flanges [6.2.6.7.(1)]
Fc,fc,Rd,z = Mc,Rd,z / hf,z
Fc,fc,Rd,z = 745.55 [kN] Resistance of the compressed flange and web [6.2.6.7.(1)]
RESISTANCES OF SPREAD FOOTING IN THE COMPRESSION ZONE
Nj,Rd = Fc,Rd,n
Nj,Rd = 4623.63 [kN] Resistance of a spread footing for axial compression [6.2.8.2.(1)]
FC,Rd,y = min(Fc,Rd,y,Fc,fc,Rd,y)
FC,Rd,y = 1846.58 [kN] Resistance of spread footing in the compression zone [6.2.8.3]
FC,Rd,z = min(Fc,Rd,z,Fc,fc,Rd,z)
FC,Rd,z = 745.55 [kN] Resistance of spread footing in the compression zone [6.2.8.3]
CONNECTION CAPACITY CHECK
Nj,Ed / Nj,Rd ≤ 1,0 (6.24) 0.06 < 1.00 verified (0.06)
ey = 20 [mm] Axial force eccentricity [6.2.8.3]
zc,y = 136 [mm] Lever arm FC,Rd,y [6.2.8.1.(2)]
zt,y = 120 [mm] Lever arm FT,Rd,y [6.2.8.1.(3)]
Mj,Rd,y = 64.05 [kN*m] Connection resistance for bending [6.2.8.3]
Mj,Ed,y / Mj,Rd,y ≤ 1,0 (6.23) 0.09 < 1.00 verified (0.09)
ez = 4 [mm] Axial force eccentricity [6.2.8.3]
zc,z = 90 [mm] Lever arm FC,Rd,z [6.2.8.1.(2)]
zt,z = 120 [mm] Lever arm FT,Rd,z [6.2.8.1.(3)]
Mj,Rd,z = 5.03 [kN*m] Connection resistance for bending [6.2.8.3]
Mj,Ed,z / Mj,Rd,z ≤ 1,0 (6.23) 0.19 < 1.00 verified (0.19)
Mj,Ed,y / Mj,Rd,y + Mj,Ed,z / Mj,Rd,z ≤ 1,0 0.28 < 1.00 verified (0.28)
SHEAR
BEARING PRESSURE OF AN ANCHOR BOLT ONTO THE BASE PLATE
Shear force Vj,Ed,y
d,y = 0.94 Coeff. taking account of the bolt position - in the direction of shear [Table 3.4]
b,y = 0.94 Coeff. for resistance calculation F1,vb,Rd [Table 3.4]
k1,y = 2.50 Coeff. taking account of the bolt position - perpendicularly to the direction of shear [Table 3.4]
F1,vb,Rd,y = k1,y*b,y*fup*d*tp / M2
F1,vb,Rd,y = 736.99 [kN] Resistance of an anchor bolt for bearing pressure onto the base plate [6.2.2.(7)]
Shear force Vj,Ed,z
d,z = 0.94 Coeff. taking account of the bolt position - in the direction of shear [Table 3.4]
b,z = 0.94 Coeff. for resistance calculation F1,vb,Rd [Table 3.4]
k1,z = 2.50 Coeff. taking account of the bolt position - perpendicularly to the direction of shear [Table 3.4]
F1,vb,Rd,z = k1,z*b,z*fup*d*tp / M2
F1,vb,Rd,z = 736.99 [kN] Resistance of an anchor bolt for bearing pressure onto the base plate [6.2.2.(7)]
SHEAR OF AN ANCHOR BOLT
b = 0.37 Coeff. for resistance calculation F2,vb,Rd [6.2.2.(7)]
2
Avb = 791.73 [mm ] Area of bolt section [6.2.2.(7)]
fub = 413.69 [MPa] Tensile strength of the anchor material [6.2.2.(7)]
M2 = 1.25 Partial safety factor [6.2.2.(7)]
F2,vb,Rd = b*fub*Avb/M2
F2,vb,Rd = 95.78 [kN] Shear resistance of a bolt - without lever arm [6.2.2.(7)]
CONCRETE PRY-OUT FAILURE
NRk,c = 168.45 [kN] Design uplift capacity CEB [9.2.4]
k3 = 2.00 Factor related to the anchor length CEB [9.3.3]
Mc = 2.16 Partial safety factor CEB [3.2.3.1]
Fv,Rd,cp = k3*NRk,c/Mc
Fv,Rd,cp = 155.97 [kN] Concrete resistance for pry-out failure CEB [9.3.1]
CONCRETE EDGE FAILURE
Shear force Vj,Ed,y
0
VRk,c,y = 897.58 [kN] Characteristic resistance of an anchor
A,V,y = 0.67 Factor related to anchor spacing and edge distance
h,V,y = 1.00 Factor related to the foundation thickness
s,V,y = 0.90 Factor related to the influence of edges parallel to the shear load direction
ec,V,y = 1.00 Factor taking account a group effect when different shear loads are acting on the individual anchors in a g
,V,y = 1.00 Factor related to the angle at which the shear load is applied
0
VRk,c,y = 897.58 [kN] Characteristic resistance of an anchor
ucr,V,y = 1.00 Factor related to the type of edge reinforcement used
Mc = 2.16 Partial safety factor
0
Fv,Rd,c,y = VRk,c,y *A,V,y*h,V,y*s,V,y*ec,V,y*,V,y*ucr,V,y/Mc
Fv,Rd,c,y = 249.33 [kN] Concrete resistance for edge failure CEB [9.3.1]
Shear force Vj,Ed,z
0
VRk,c,z = 897.58 [kN] Characteristic resistance of an anchor
A,V,z = 0.67 Factor related to anchor spacing and edge distance
h,V,z = 1.00 Factor related to the foundation thickness
s,V,z = 0.90 Factor related to the influence of edges parallel to the shear load direction
ec,V,z = 1.00 Factor taking account a group effect when different shear loads are acting on the individual anchors in a g
,V,z = 1.00 Factor related to the angle at which the shear load is applied
ucr,V,z = 1.00 Factor related to the type of edge reinforcement used
Mc = 2.16 Partial safety factor
0
Fv,Rd,c,z = VRk,c,z *A,V,z*h,V,z*s,V,z*ec,V,z*,V,z*ucr,V,z/Mc
Fv,Rd,c,z = 249.33 [kN] Concrete resistance for edge failure CEB [9.3.1]
SPLITTING RESISTANCE
Cf,d = 0.30 Coeff. of friction between the base plate and concrete [6.2.2.(6)]
Nc,Ed = 274.14 [kN] Compressive force [6.2.2.(6)]
Ff,Rd = Cf,d*Nc,Ed
Ff,Rd = 82.24 [kN] Slip resistance [6.2.2.(6)]
BEARING PRESSURE OF THE WEDGE ONTO CONCRETE
Fv,Rd,wg,y = 1.4*lw*bwy*fck/c
Fv,Rd,wg,y = 589.90 [kN] Resistance for bearing pressure of the wedge onto concrete
Fv,Rd,wg,z = 1.4*lw*bwz*fck/c
Fv,Rd,wg,z = 600.19 [kN] Resistance for bearing pressure of the wedge onto concrete
SHEAR CHECK
Vj,Rd,y = nb*min(F1,vb,Rd,y, F2,vb,Rd, Fv,Rd,cp, Fv,Rd,c,y) + Fv,Rd,wg,y + Ff,Rd
Vj,Rd,y = 1438.37 [kN] Connection resistance for shear CEB [9.3.1]
Vj,Ed,y / Vj,Rd,y ≤ 1,0 0.00 < 1.00 verified (0.00)
Vj,Rd,z = nb*min(F1,vb,Rd,z, F2,vb,Rd, Fv,Rd,cp, Fv,Rd,c,z) + Fv,Rd,wg,z + Ff,Rd
Vj,Rd,z = 1448.67 [kN] Connection resistance for shear CEB [9.3.1]
Vj,Ed,z / Vj,Rd,z ≤ 1,0 0.00 < 1.00 verified (0.00)
Vj,Ed,y / Vj,Rd,y + Vj,Ed,z / Vj,Rd,z ≤ 1,0 0.00 < 1.00 verified (0.00)
STIFFENER CHECK
Stiffener parallel to the web (along the extension of the column web)
M1 = 3.80 [kN*m] Bending moment acting on a stiffener
Q1 = 61.74 [kN] Shear force acting on a stiffener
zs = 51 [mm] Location of the neutral axis (from the plate base)
4
Is = 104370557.11 [mm ] Moment of inertia of a stiffener
d = 0.77 [MPa] Normal stress on the contact surface between stiffener and plate EN 1993-1-1:[6.2.1.(5)]
g = 8.47 [MPa] Normal stress in upper fibers EN 1993-1-1:[6.2.1.(5)]
= 12.17 [MPa] Tangent stress in a stiffener EN 1993-1-1:[6.2.1.(5)]
z = 21.08 [MPa] Equivalent stress on the contact surface between stiffener and plate EN 1993-1-1:[6.2.1.(5)]
max (g, / (0.58), z ) / (fyp/M0) ≤ 1.0 (6.1) 0.09 < 1.00 verified (0.09)
WELDS BETWEEN THE COLUMN AND THE BASE PLATE
= 22.10 [MPa] Normal stress in a weld [4.5.3.(7)]
= 22.10 [MPa] Perpendicular tangent stress [4.5.3.(7)]
yII = 0.22 [MPa] Tangent stress parallel to Vj,Ed,y [4.5.3.(7)]
zII = 1.02 [MPa] Tangent stress parallel to Vj,Ed,z [4.5.3.(7)]
W = 0.85 Resistance-dependent coefficient [4.5.3.(7)]
/ (0.9*fu/M2)) ≤ 1.0 (4.1) 0.07 < 1.00 verified (0.07)
/ (0.9*fu/M2)) ≤ 1.0 (4.1) 0.07 < 1.00 verified (0.07)
( + 3.0 (yII + )) / (fu/(W*M2))) ≤ 1.0 (4.1) 0.11 < 1.00
2 2 2
verified (0.11)
( + 3.0 (zII + )) / (fu/(W*M2))) ≤ 1.0 (4.1) 0.10 < 1.00
2 2 2
verified (0.10)
VERTICAL WELDS OF STIFFENERS
Stiffener parallel to the web (along the extension of the column web)
= 31.31 [MPa] Normal stress in a weld [4.5.3.(7)]
= 31.31 [MPa] Perpendicular tangent stress [4.5.3.(7)]
II = 30.41 [MPa] Parallel tangent stress [4.5.3.(7)]
z = 81.82 [MPa] Total equivalent stress [4.5.3.(7)]
W = 0.85 Resistance-dependent coefficient [4.5.3.(7)]
max (, II * 3, z) / (fu/(W*M2)) ≤ 1.0 (4.1) 0.21 < 1.00 verified (0.21)
TRANSVERSAL WELDS OF STIFFENERS
Stiffener parallel to the web (along the extension of the column web)
= 44.32 [MPa] Normal stress in a weld [4.5.3.(7)]
= 44.32 [MPa] Perpendicular tangent stress [4.5.3.(7)]
II = 39.85 [MPa] Parallel tangent stress [4.5.3.(7)]
z = 112.34 [MPa] Total equivalent stress [4.5.3.(7)]
W = 0.85 Resistance-dependent coefficient [4.5.3.(7)]
max (, II * 3, z) / (fu/(W*M2)) ≤ 1.0 (4.1) 0.29 < 1.00 verified (0.29)
CONNECTION STIFFNESS
Bending moment Mj,Ed,y
beff = 117 [mm] Effective width of the bearing pressure zone under the flange [6.2.5.(3)]
leff = 362 [mm] Effective length of the bearing pressure zone under the flange [6.2.5.(3)]
k13,y = Ec*(beff*leff)/(1.275*E)
k13,y = 21 [mm] Stiffness coeff. of compressed concrete [Table 6.11]
leff = 100 [mm] Effective length for a single bolt for mode 1 [6.2.6.5]
m= 16 [mm] Distance of a bolt from the stiffening edge [6.2.6.5]
3 3
k15,y = 0.850*leff*tp /(m )
k15,y = 286 [mm] Stiffness coeff. of the base plate subjected to tension [Table 6.11]
Lb = 310 [mm] Effective anchorage depth [Table 6.11]
k16,y = 1.6*Ab/Lb
k16,y = 4 [mm] Stiffness coeff. of an anchor subjected to tension [Table 6.11]
0,y = 0.52 Column slenderness [5.2.2.5.(2)]
Sj,ini,y = 157136.90 [kN*m] Initial rotational stiffness [Table 6.12]
Sj,rig,y = 193168.80 [kN*m] Stiffness of a rigid connection [5.2.2.5]
Sj,ini,y < Sj,rig,y SEMI-RIGID [5.2.2.5.(2)]
Bending moment Mj,Ed,z
k13,z = Ec*(Ac,z)/(1.275*E)
k13,z = 21 [mm] Stiffness coeff. of compressed concrete [Table 6.11]
leff = 441 [mm] Effective length for a single bolt for mode 2 [6.2.6.5]
m= 107 [mm] Distance of a bolt from the stiffening edge [6.2.6.5]
3 3
k15,z = 0.850*leff*tp /(m )
k15,z = 8 [mm] Stiffness coeff. of the base plate subjected to tension [Table 6.11]
Lb = 310 [mm] Effective anchorage depth [Table 6.11]
k16,z = 1.6*Ab/Lb
k16,z = 4 [mm] Stiffness coeff. of an anchor subjected to tension [Table 6.11]
0,z = 0.88 Column slenderness [5.2.2.5.(2)]
Sj,ini,z = 69435.53 [kN*m] Initial rotational stiffness [6.3.1.(4)]
Sj,rig,z = 66360.71 [kN*m] Stiffness of a rigid connection [5.2.2.5]
Sj,ini,z Sj,rig,z RIGID [5.2.2.5.(2)]
WEAKEST COMPONENT:
STIFFENER - HORIZONTAL WELDS
REMARKS
Anchor curvature radius is too small. 57 [mm] < 95 [mm]
Segment L4 of the hook anchor is too short. 120 [mm] < 159 [mm]
Insufficient distance between anchor bolt and column pier. -7 [mm] < 48 [mm]
