INHERITANCE

IN
JAVA
 INTRODUCTION

● The process by which one class acquires the properties(data members) and
functionalities(methods) of another class is called inheritance

● When a Class extends another class it inherits all non-private members including
fields and methods

● Inheritance in Java can be best understood in terms of Parent and Child

relationship, also known as Super class(Parent) and Sub class(child)

● Inheritance defines is-a relationship between a Super class and its Sub class

● The extends keywords are used to describe inheritance in Java

INHERITANCE

Child Class:
The class that extends the features of another class is known as child class,
sub class or derived class

Parent Class:
The class whose properties and functionalities are used(inherited) by another
class is known as parent class, super class or Base class
SYNTAX

class Subclass-name extends Superclass-name

{
//methods and fields
}

● The extends keyword indicates that you are making a new class that derives from
an existing class
● The meaning of "extends" is to increase the functionality
EXAMPLE

class Vehicle {
......
}
class Car extends Vehicle {//extends the property of vehicle
class
.......
}
Vehicle is super class of Car.
Car is sub class of Vehicle.
Car IS-A Vehicle.
PURPOSE

● It promotes the code reusability i.e the same methods and variables which are
defined in a parent/super/base class can be used in the child/sub/derived class
● It promotes polymorphism by allowing method overriding
DISADVANTAGES

● Main disadvantage of using inheritance is that the two classes (parent and child
class) gets tightly coupled

● This means that if we change code of parent class, it will affect to all the child
classes which is inheriting/deriving the parent class, and hence, it cannot be
independent of each other
EXAMPLE

class Parent { public static void main(String[]

public void p1() { args) {
System.out.println("Parent Child cobj = new Child();
method"); cobj.c1();
} cobj.p1();
} }
public class Child extends Parent { }
public void c1() {
System.out.println("Child
method");
}
EXAMPLE

class Vehicle { public static void

String vehicleType; main(String[] args) {
} Car car = new Car();
public class Car extends Vehicle { car.showDetail();
String modelType; }
public void showDetail() }
{
vehicleType = "Car";
modelType = "Sports";

System.out.println(modelT
ype + " " + vehicleType);
}
EXAMPLE

class Animal { class Dog extends Animal {

public void eat() { public void bark() {
System.out.println("I can eat"); System.out.println("I can bark");
} }
public void sleep() { }
System.out.println("I can class Main {
sleep"); public static void main(String[]
} args) {
} Dog dog1 = new Dog();
dog1.eat();
dog1.sleep();
dog1.bark();
}
}
RULES FOR INHERITANCE IN JAVA

● Multiple Inheritance is NOT permitted in Java

● Cyclic Inheritance is NOT permitted in Java

● Private members do NOT get inherited

● Constructors cannot be Inherited in Java

● In Java, we assign parent reference to child objects

THANK YOU