Scribd
Upload
74 views

Data Link Layer - OSI Model

The data link layer performs reliable node-to-node delivery of data by forming frames from packets received from the network layer and passing them to the physical layer. It uses error detection bits and error correction to reliably transmit messages and acknowledges received frames. The main task is to transform the raw transmission facility into an error-free line for the network layer by having the sender break data into frames and transmit sequentially with acknowledgements.

Uploaded by

Reign Earl B. Gup-ay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
74 views

Data Link Layer - OSI Model

The data link layer performs reliable node-to-node delivery of data by forming frames from packets received from the network layer and passing them to the physical layer. It uses error detection bits and error correction to reliably transmit messages and acknowledges received frames. The main task is to transform the raw transmission facility into an error-free line for the network layer by having the sender break data into frames and transmit sequentially with acknowledgements.

Uploaded by

Reign Earl B. Gup-ay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Data Link Layer - OSI Model

Data link layer performs the most reliable node to node delivery of data. It forms frames
from the packets that are received from network layer and gives it to physical layer. It also
synchronizes the information which is to be transmitted over the data. Error controlling is
easily done. The encoded data are then passed to physical.
Error detection bits are used by the data link layer. It also corrects the errors. Outgoing
messages are assembled into frames. Then the system waits for the acknowledgements to
be received after the transmission. It is reliable to send message.
The main task of the data link layer is to transform a raw transmission facility into a line
that appears free of undetected transmission errors to the network layer. It accomplishes
this task by having the sender break up the input data into data frames(typically a few
hundred or few thousand bytes) and transmit the frames sequentially. If the service is
reliable, the receiver confirms correct receipt of each frame by send back
an acknowledgement frame.
Functions of Data Link Layer

1. Framing: Frames are the streams of bits received from the network layer into manageable data units. This division of stream of bits is done by Data
Link Layer.
2. Physical Addressing: The Data Link layer adds a header to the frame in order to define physical address of the sender or receiver of the frame, if the
frames are to be distributed to different systems on the network.
3. Flow Control: A flow control mechanism to avoid a fast transmitter from running a slow receiver by buffering the extra bit is provided by flow control.
This prevents traffic jam at the receiver side.
4. Error Control: Error control is achieved by adding a trailer at the end of the frame. Duplication of frames are also prevented by using this mechanism.
Data Link Layers adds mechanism to prevent duplication of frames.
5. Access Control: Protocols of this layer determine which of the devices has control over the link at any given time, when two or more devices are
connected to the same link.
Design Issues with Network Layer

 A key design issue is determining how packets are routed from source to destination. Routes can be based on static tables that are wired into
the network and rarely changed. They can also be highly dynamic, being determined anew for each packet, to reflect the current network load.
 If too many packets are present in the subnet at the same time, they will get into one another's way, forming bottlenecks. The control of such
congestion also belongs to the network layer.
 Moreover, the quality of service provided(delay, transmit time, jitter, etc) is also a network layer issue.
 When a packet has to travel from one network to another to get to its destination, many problems can arise such as:
o The addressing used by the second network may be different from the first one.
o The second one may not accept the packet at all because it is too large.
o The protocols may differ, and so on.

 It is up to the network layer to overcome all these problems to allow heterogeneous networks to be interconnected.

You might also like