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1. Steel Bar :
It can be explained as a rebar or reinforcing bar, also known as reinforcing steel. Steel Bar
are used to enhance the tensile strength of the concrete, since concrete is too weak in tension,
but strong in compression.

It is usually made from Carbon steel, and forms a backbone for better mechanical anchoring
into the concrete.

1.1 Type of Steel Bars:

Basically there are two types of steel bars available in the market.

 Mild steel bars

Mild steel bars are utilized for tensile stress of RCC (Reinforced cement concrete) slab
beams etc. in reinforced cement concrete construction. These steel bars have a plain surface
and round section of diameter ranging from 6 to 50 mm. These rods are manufactured in long
lengths and are easy to cut as well as bend without damage.
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Various Grades of Mild Steel Bars -

Reinforcement bars in accordance can be classified into following types.

1) Mild Steel Bars: Mild steel bars are basically transported in two grades.

a) Grade-I designated as Fe 410-S/ Grade 60 .

b) Grade-II designated as Fe-410-o/ Grade 40.

2) Medium Tensile Steel Bars designated as Fe- 540-w-ht/ Grade 75.

 Deformed Steel Bars

Deformed steel bars contain ribs, lugs and indentation over the surface of the bar, which
diminishes the major problem that is faced by mild steel bar due to slippage and good
bonding is attained between concrete and rebar. The tensile properties is higher compared to
other rebars. These bars are produced in sections ranging from 6 mm to 50 mm diameter.

Types of Deformed Steel Bars

 TMT
 TMX(Thermax Powered Bar)
 HSD Steel Bars (High Strength Deformed Bars)
 SD (Super Ductile Bars)

2. TMT Bars (Thermo Mechanically Treated Bars)

Thermo Mechanically Treated Bars are hot treated bars that have high strength which is
used in reinforced cement concrete (RCC) work. Rising environmental concerns and the
decline of natural resources are invoking TMT steel bar manufacturers to improve the usage
of recycled steel. 

The TMT Bars have a hard outer layer and a softer core. Their manufacturing process
includes intensive cooling immediately after rolling. When the temperature is suddenly
decreased to make surface layer hard, the internal core is hot at the same time. After the
Cooling in atmosphere and hotness from the core, the tempering occurs. These bars are
manufactured using the metallurgical process which combines compression, forging, and
rolling with thermal processes heat treatment and quenching
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2.1 Features of TMT Bars:

 Better ductility and malleability

 High yield strength and toughness
 More bonding strength
 Earthquake resistance
 Corrosion resistance
 High thermal resistance
 Economical and safe in use
 No loss in strength at welded joints
 Ordinary electrodes used for welding the joints

While purchasing TMT bars, it is necessary to notice identification mark on these bars from
manufacturing firm.

2.2 TMT Bars of various diameters :

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2.3 DIFFERENT GRADES OF TMT BARS:

Usually, the grades of TMT steel bars used in the Indian construction industry are Fe-415,
Fe-500, Fe-550, and Fe-600. Each of their application is indicated below:

1. Fe – 415: Has high uniform elongation and can be used in RCC constructions, in
areas of moderate corrosion as well as earthquake-prone zones.
2. Fe – 500: Confers high resistance to prominent corrosion, flexible, and also resistant
to dynamic loading. Hence they are used in RCC construction of bridges, building sites
and large concrete projects.
3. Fe – 550D: Quite similar to Fe – 500, in properties, however, it has different yield and
tensile strength. Generally it is utilized in construction projects in marine, coastal, or
underground environment.
4. Fe – 600: The high end of TMT steel bars. It’s tough and has the highest yield and
tensile strength in the series. It is employed in large RCC construction purposes.

2.3.1 The Fe 500D

The Fe 500D steel bar has lower compositions of sulphur and phosphorus. High sulphur
concentrations lower the melting point of steel, a condition known as ‘Hot shortness,’ which
makes the steel bar crack easily under high-temperature conditions. Concurrently, high
phosphorus concentrations lead to ‘Cold shortness’ making it brittle under extreme cold. In
addition, the Fe 500D has low carbon concentrations making it more ductile and easy to
manage during welding. Fe 500D steel bars are highly flexible and highly ductile, which is
denoted by the suffix ‘D’. 

3. TMT Market in North India:

India’s consumption of finished steel enhanced at a CAGR of 5.69 per cent during FY08-
FY18 to reach 90.68 MT. Simultaneously, India’s crude and finished steel production
increased to 106.56 MT and 131.57 MT in 2018-19. In Fiscal Year 2020, crude steel and
finished steel production was at 73.17 MT and 67.52 MT respectively.

Source - https://www.ibef.org/industry/steel/
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4. Competitors of Tata Tiscon:

1. Korebars
2. Kamdhenu
3. SAIL
4. JSW NeoSteel
5. Vizag Steel
6. SUPER SMELTERS LTD
7. Essar Steel
8. Shyam Steel
9. VISA Steel
10. Jindal Panther steel
11. Facor Steel
12. Shree TMT
13.

5. Manufacturers of TMT bars:- 

There are broadly 2 types of Manufacturers:

1) Primary 
2) Secondary 
5.1 Primary Manufacturers :- 
Primary Producers are the ones who have fully integrated plants. Basically, In India there are
mainly 4 Primary producers of TMT Bars which are as follows:-

 SAIL
 VIZAG also known as RINL: Rastriya Ispat Nigam Limited)
 TATA
 Jindal

There are umpteen Secondary Manufacturers in this segment. Some of them are: Thane
Steel, Kamdhenu Steel, Air Carrying Corporation, etc.

6. The Future Prospects for TMT Bars-

Steel is one of the important inputs required to sustain the economic growth. In fact, it is the
basic input for all kinds of economic activity. Growth in the global economy runs parallel
with rising per capita income and is driving the global construction industry which will
subsequently lead to the extension of the global TMT steel bar market at a CAGR of around
9% during the forecast duration. With the sustained growth of the economy of India, Steel
Industry has also been continuously growing. The growth of infrastructures, roads and
bridges, civil construction projects, and modern town ship complexes will ensure continued
demand of TMT bars.
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Increase in demand for low cost reinforcement bars in construction projects, Rise in
government support for the production of steel and coal are the major driving factors of TMT
bar market.

7. General Trend: 

The market for the TMT Bars is very fragmented, in which a huge number of mini sized and
large sized players are involved. The steel industry, along with the TMT Bars sector, is now
expecting to gain momentum of good growth and development. The sale of construction
materials including TMT bars are estimated to grow at a Compounded Annual Growth Rate
of 6.18% in terms of volume. Currently, the size of the Indian construction industry is USD
2.8 billion. Recently the government has announced an early completion of 10 million rural
houses by the end of 2018, ahead of 2018 deadline and 11.8 million urban houses by 2020
instead or 2022 deadline under the “Housing for All” initiative. This will require a huge
amount of TMT bars and we expect multifold growth in demand in the coming years.
Increase in demand for low cost reinforcement bars in construction projects such as dams and
bridges drives the global thermo- mechanically treated steel bars market. Rise in government
support for the production of steel and coal propels the thermo- mechanically treated steel
bars market. Thermo-mechanically treated steel bars are moreover preferred over torsional
bars, as they are with high strength and ductility. This is a critical factor boosting the demand
for global thermo-mechanically treated steel bars market in India. However, technical
constraints such as the properties such as ductility and strength associated with high-grade
thermo-mechanically treated steel bars are anticipated to hamper the global thermo-
mechanically treated (TMT) steel bars market.

Demand Forecast of TMT Bars :

Financial Year Quantity(MT)

2018-19 35.65

2019-20 38.61

2020-21 41.82

 
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8. References:
 https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/tmt-steel-bar-market-2020-global-
industry-analysis-by-trends-size-share-company-overview-growth-and-forecast-by-
2023-latest-research-report-by-market-reports-world-2020-02-19

 https://www.infiniumglobalresearch.com/chemical-material/global-tmt-steel-bar-
market

 https://www.steelmint.com/tmt-prices-indian

 https://www.ibef.org/industry/steel.aspx

 https://www.sandeepsteels.com/TMT_Bar.htm