Hydraulic Suspension 11
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11
Ia II
Ib III
Z 31 224
”X”
Z 31 225
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Hydraulic Suspension 11
11 Hydraulic Suspension
11.1 Suspension Circuit Arrangement
(Z 31 224, Z 31 225)
All 6 axles of the crane chassis have hydraulic suspension. The
hydraulic suspension consists of three suspension circuits:
-- Suspension circuit I -- axles 1 and 2
-- Suspension circuit II -- axles 3, 4, 5, and 6, right--hand side
(*)
-- Suspension circuit III -- axles 3, 4, 5 and 6, left--hand side (*)
The operating and monitoring equipment (X) for the hydraulic
suspension is housed in the driver’s cab.
Suspension circuit I is internally divided into two units:
a) axles 1 and 2 on the right--hand side
b) axles 1 and 2 on the left--hand side
The suspension circuit is, however, filled, emptied and levelled as
one unit.
∗ (only axles 5 and 6 when driving with ”independent rear axle
steering” engaged)
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11
X mm
Z 31 226
115 116 117 119
113
120 126
139
Z 31 227
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Hydraulic Suspension 11
11.2 Setting for Driving in the Transport Position
(Z 31 226, Z 31 227)
In order to drive the mobile crane in the transport position
(construction site or road travel), all the suspension cylinders
must be in the middle position.
The following table shows the distance between the fastening
eyes on the suspension cylinders (dimension ”X mm”):
Dimension
630
”X” in mm
Axle 1 2 3 4 5 6
This dimension is based on the average value of the individual
hydraulic circuits I, II and III. When the hydraulic suspension is
first adjusted at the factory, the correct distance is indicated by a
colour marking. This marking allows a quick visual check on the
suspension setting for road travel. When adjusted correctly, the
indicator (1) must line up with this colour marking.
The hydraulic suspension cannot be adjusted in the following
cases:
-- If the parking brake is released;
-- If the crane suspension is locked, i.e. if indicator light (139)
lights up;
-- If ”raise axles” is selected, i.e. if indicator light (126) lights up;
-- When ”hold axles” is selected, i.e., when indicator light (119)
comes on.
-- If the steering on the mobile crane is not switched to ”road
travel” position, i.e., when indicator light (113) and / or (120)
comes on.
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115 116 117
136 A
136 B
A
B
Z 31 228
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Hydraulic Suspension 11
(Z 31 228)
The function of self--return rocker switch (136) is to ”raise”
and ”lower” all suspension circuits
The function of ”raising ” and ”lowering” the suspension circuit is
assigned to the self--return rocker switch as follows:
-- Press down self--return rocker switch (136) in position ”A” --
the corresponding suspension circuit is raised
-- Press down self--return rocker switch (136) in position ”B” --
the corresponding suspension circuit is lowered
Adjust the hydraulic suspension as follows:
1. Park the crane on even, level ground and apply the parking
brake using the hand brake valve (11).
2. Start the engine and set the speed to approx. 1500 rpm.
3. By pressing and holding self--return rocker switch (136 A)
raise the level of the crane as a whole until all the suspension
cylinders are fully extended. The 3 light--emitting diodes
(115), (116) and (117) light up.
If the suspension cylinders are not extended fully, it must never-
theless be ascertained that all three suspension systems are ex-
tended past the central position. The colour marking on the sus-
pension cylinders must be clearly above the indicators (1).
4. Now press down and hold self--return rocker switch (136 B),
until the retraction of the suspension cylinder stops. When all
3 light--emitting diodes (115), (116) and (117) have gone out,
the hydraulic suspension system of the crane is correctly ad-
justed.
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11
7
6 8
9
10
5
Z 31 229
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Hydraulic Suspension 11
11.3 Monitoring the Hydraulic Suspension During Travel
11.3.1 Monitoring the Pressure
(Z 31 229)
Six pressure gauges are provided in the driver’s cab for continual
monitoring of the pressure in the hydraulic suspension.
They are assigned to suspension circuit ” I ” as follows:
-- pressure gauge (5): axle 1 and 2 left--hand side
and (6) axles 1 and 2 right--hand side
They are assigned to suspension circuit ” II ” as follows:
-- pressure gauge (8): axles 3 and 4 right--hand side
and (10) axles 5 and 6 right--hand side
They are assigned to suspension circuit ” III ” as follows:
-- pressure gauge (7): axles 3 and 4 left--hand side
and (9) axles 5 and 6 left--hand side
The desired value for the suspension pressure can only be deter-
mined exactly once the level of the suspension cylinders has
been adjusted.
With an axle load of 12 t, the suspension pressure is in the order
of 105 bar (average value) and may be different for each suspen-
sion circuit.
If the suspension system is set to ”road travel”, the suspension
pressure may fall on one side and rise correspondingly on the
other side when driving round a bend.
During road travel, a sudden fall in suspension pressure
and/or a noticeable change in level is indicative of a hazard-
ous fault in the system.
In such cases, the mobile crane must be stopped and the
cause of the fault ascertained and rectified.
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11
115 116 117
137
6 7
8
9
10
5
Z 31 230
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Hydraulic Suspension 11
11.3.2 Monitoring the Level
(Z 30 230)
Three light--emitting diodes are provided in the driver’s cab for
continual monitoring of the suspension levels.
They are assigned to the suspension circuits as follows:
-- light--emitting diode (116): suspension circuit I
(axles 1 and 2)
-- light--emitting diode (117): suspension circuit II (axles 3 to 6,
right--hand side)
-- light--emitting diode (115): suspension circuit III (axles 3 to 6,
left--hand side)
The level can be monitored during travel by pressing button
(137).
-- light--emitting diode (116) lights up: suspension circuit I not
level
-- light--emitting diode (117) lights up: suspension circuit II not
level
-- light--emitting diode (115) lights up: suspension circuit III not
level
Check the level while travelling in a straight line.
If one of the light--emitting diodes (115), (116) or (117) comes
on when button (137) is pressed, or fails to go out as the
crane is driven, the crane must be stopped and the affected
suspension circuit or circuits refilled. Flickering of the light--
emitting diodes during travel is normal.
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11
115 116 117
129 130 131
11 A
B
6 7
8
9
10
5
18
Z 31 231
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Hydraulic Suspension 11
(Z 31 231)
11.3.2.1 Overall Level Adjustment
If several of the suspension circuits are not at the correct level,
the hydraulic suspension can be adjusted as described in Sec-
tion 11.2.
The function of self--return rocker switches (129, 130, 131) is
to ”raise” and ”lower” suspension circuits I, II and III
The function of ”raising” and ”lowering” the individual suspension
circuits is assigned to the self--return rocker switches as follows:
-- Press down self--return rocker switch (129, 130, 131) in posi-
tion ”A” -- the corresponding suspension circuit is raised
-- Press down self--return rocker switch (129, 130, 131) in posi-
tion ”B” -- the corresponding suspension circuit is lowered
11.3.2.2 Individual Level Adjustment
If only one of the three suspension circuits is not up to the level,
this circuit can be readjusted as follows:
1. Park the crane on even, level ground and apply the parking
brake using the hand brake valve (11).
2. Start the engine and using speed control (18) set the speed
to approx. 1500 rpm.
3. ”Raise” or ”lower” suspension circuit I until light--emitting
diode (116) goes out.
-- Press down self--return rocker switch (130 A): ”raise front
level”
(”raise suspension circuit I” or ”lower axles 1 to 2”)
-- Press down self--return rocker switch (130 B): ”lower front
level”
(”lower suspension circuit I” or ”raise axles 1 to 2”)
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11
115 116 117 119
113
120 129 A 130 A 131 A 126
129 B 130 B 131 B
139
6 7
8
9
10
5
Z 31 232
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Hydraulic Suspension 11
(Z 31 232)
4. ”Raise” or ”lower” suspension circuit II until light--emitting
diode (117) goes out.
-- Press button (131 A): ”raise level, rear right--hand side”
(”raise suspension circuit II” or ”lower axles 3 to 6, right--
hand side)
-- Press button (131 B): ”lower level, rear right--hand side ”
(”lower suspension circuit II” or ”raise axles 3 to 6, right--
hand side)
5. ”Raise” or ”lower” suspension circuit III until light--emitting
diode (115) goes out.
-- Press button (129 A): ”raise level, rear left--hand side”
(”raise suspension circuit III” or ”lower axles 3 to 6 left--
hand side”)
-- Press button (129 B): ”lower level, rear left--hand--side”
(”lower suspension circuit III” or ”raise axles 3 to 6 left--
hand side.)
The hydraulic suspension of the crane is correctly adjusted only
when all 3 light--emitting diodes (115), (116) and (117) have gone
out.
The suspension circuit cannot be filled or emptied in the following
cases:
-- if the parking brake is released;
-- if the crane suspension is locked, i.e. if indicator light (139)
lights up;
-- if ”raise axles” is selected, i.e. if indicator light (126) lights up;
-- if ”hold axles” is selected, i.e. when indicator light (119) comes
on.
-- when the steering of the mobile crane is not set in ”road
travel” position, i.e. when indicator light (113) and / or (120)
comes on.
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Hydraulic Suspension 11
11.4 Engaging the Suspension Lock
The hydraulic suspension must be locked in the following cases:
-- Driving the erected crane without a load on the construction
site (travel operation).
See Section 6.4.2).
-- Engaging the independent rear axle steering. See Section
9.3 of these operating instructions.
The hydraulic suspension must not be locked when driving
in the transport position on the construction site and when
driving on the road.
Under these circumstances, locked suspension would re-
sult in major damage to the chassis.
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11
119
140
6 7
8
9
10
5
Z 31 233
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Hydraulic Suspension 11
11.4.1 Before Driving the Erected Crane
(Z 31 233)
The erected crane without a load can only be driven (”travel
operation”) when the surface to be driven on is flat with no
bumps or dips and is capable of supporting the relevant axle
load. If that is not possible the crane must be brought down
to under 14 t.
See charts for ”Driving on the Construction Site” in Section
6.4.2.
If the ground conditions at the construction site are as stipulated
below, observe the following points before setting the crane on
outriggers:
-- Line up the crane horizontally.
-- Move switch (140) to position ”hold axles”. (1st notch) Indica-
tor light (119) comes on.
All axles remain in the specified position.
After being set on outriggers the erected crane without load can
be lowered onto the wheels for travelling, by retracting the vertical
outrigger cylinder.
The crane is lined up horizontally and the spring actuators are in
the middle position.
When driving the erected crane without load note the following:
-- the ground conditions must be suitable for the tyres i.e. flat,
level ground, suitable for a tyre pressure of 10 bar.
The ground must be capable of supporting the respective
wheel loads (max. 15 t).
-- The gradient of the road to be driven on must not exceed the
following values:
∗ 2 % in the direction of travel
∗ 1 % laterally (without fly jib or main boom extension)
∗ 0.5 % laterally (with fly jib or main boom extension)
-- Before driving with the mobile crane erected, always check
the tyre pressure. With standard tyres 14.00--R25 it must be
10 bar for all wheels.
-- Extend the outrigger struts and hold the supports just above
the ground.
-- For driving the erected crane without load all suspension cyl-
inders must be in the middle position before the crane is low-
ered onto the wheels.
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11
Z 28 458
119
129 A 131 A
6 7
8
9
10
5
139 140
Z 31 234
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Hydraulic Suspension 11
(Z 28 458; Z 31 234)
The crane is supported on outriggers.
”Hold axles” position, luminous switch (140) is selected. In-
dicator light (119) is lit up.
The mobile crane is brought into ”travel operation” as follows:
1. Retract the outrigger cylinders slowly and evenly until the
wheels of all axles are pressing down on the ground with
equal force.
Check the pressure at pressure gauges (5, 6), (8, 10) and (7,
9).
(see Sect. 12.6 of these operating instructions).
2. Switch off ”hold axles” using switch (140).
Indicator light (119) goes out.
3. Using switch (139) engage ”lock suspension”.
The indicator light on the switch comes on.
4. Check visually that the crane is level (horizontal alignment).
The suspension cylinders of all axles must be roughly in the
middle position.
When adjusted correctly, the indicator (1) must line up with
the colour marking
If the crane is not level, extend the outrigger cylinders again
and support the crane lightly; by actuating switch (139) dis-
engage ”lock suspension” again and press button (131) for
the right--hand side or (129) for the left--hand side to re-
charge the appropriate suspension circuit II or III.
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139
6 7
8
9
10
5
Z 31 235
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Hydraulic Suspension 11
(Z 31 235)
5. Actuate switch (139) again (indicator light on the switch
comes on) to engage the suspension locking.
6. Retract the outrigger cylinders again and check that the
crane is level.
Repeat this procedure until the crane is level when the outrigger
cylinders are retracted.
Make sure the suspension cylinders are in the middle position.
The indicator on the spring actuators must line up with the colour
marking.
The suspension level cannot be adjusted if the mobile crane is
switched onto ”travel operation”.
The suspension pressure must be monitored continually. If
the pressure in one of the three suspension circuits rises to
300 bar, stop the crane immediately and extend the outrigger
cylinders until the weight is taken off the wheels.
Return the crane to the level by re--adjusting the hydraulic
suspension or correcting the boom position. If the crane is
driven further, the crane may OVERTURN or the AXLES MAY
BRAKE.
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11
139
6 7
8
9
10
5
11
18
Z 31 236
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Hydraulic Suspension 11
11.4.2 Before Engaging the Independent Rear Axle Steering
(Z 31 236)
The hydraulic suspension system must be locked before inde-
pendent rear axle steering is engaged. For ”Engaging the Inde-
pendent Rear Axle Steering” see Sect. 9.3.1 of these operating
instructions.
Proceed as follows:
1. Stop the mobile crane in the straight--ahead position, i.e.
crane stationary and all wheels facing forwards.
2. Apply the parking brake by means of the hand brake valve
(11).
3. Using draw button (18) set the engine speed to approx. 1500
rpm
4. Actuate switch (139) to engage suspension locking.
The indicator light on the switch comes on.
11.5 Height Adjustment
The level of the three suspension units can be varied individually.
This is useful in the following cases:
-- If the headroom is not sufficient for the crane;
-- If more ground clearance is required;
-- If the mobile crane is stuck during off--road operation;
-- Before retracting the outriggers.
When adjusting the height, always leave a small distance to the
upper or lower stop position of the suspension cylinders so that
the suspension still has a minimum effect.
The height cannot be adjusted unless the hand brake of the
crane chassis is applied.
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Ia II
Ib III
Z 31 224
129 A 130 A 131 A
129 B 130 B 131 B
Z 31 237
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Hydraulic Suspension 11
(Z 31 224, Z 31 237)
The height can be adjusted individually as follows:
-- Press button (130 A): ”raise level at front”
(”raise suspension circuit I” or ”lower axles 1 and 2”)
-- Press button (130 B): ”lower level at front”
(”lower suspension circuit I” or ”raise axles 1 and 2”)
-- Press button (131 A): ”raise level, rear right--hand side”
(”raise suspension circuit II” or ”lower axles 3 to 6 right--hand
side)
-- Press button (131 B): ”lower level rear right--hand side”
(”lower suspension circuit II” or ”raise axles 3 to 6 on right--
hand side”)
-- Press button (129 A): ”raise level, rear left--hand side”
(”raise suspension circuit III” or ”lower axles 3 to 6 left--hand
side”)
-- Press button (129 B): ”lower level, rear left--hand--side”
(”lower suspension circuit III” or ”raise axles 3 to 6 left--hand
side.)
Drive with extreme caution. Return the level to ”road travel”
afterwards (see Sect. 11.2).
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Hydraulic Suspension 11
11.6 Raising the Axles
See Sect. 12.4 of these operating instructions for raising the
axles when supporting the crane on outriggers
See Sect. 9.3 of these operating instructions for raising axles 3
and 4 with independent rear axle steering.
11.7 Holding the Axles
Hold the axles when setting the crane on outriggers: see Section
12 of these operating instructions.
Driving the crane with the axles in the ”hold” position causes
severe damage in the hydraulic suspension.
DO NOT DRIVE THE CRANE
After every special adjustment:
-- Sect. 11.4: ”Engaging the suspension locking”
-- Sect. 11.5: ”Height adjustment”
-- Sect. 11.6: ”Raising the axles”
the hydraulic suspension must be readjusted for ”Driving in
the transport condition” again (see Sect. 11.2).
11.8 Setting the Load Control Units in the Suspension
Block
The flow control valves in the suspension block for suspension
circuits 1, 2 and 3 must be set in such a way that when adjusting
the level, the mobile crane is lowered slowly and steadily without
the switches in the cylinders being overrun in the middle position.
Observe the middle position indicator on the cylinders.
Die Senkbremsventile sind im Werk eingestellt und dürfen
nur von ausgebildeten und eingewiesenen Fachkräften
nachgestellt werden.
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