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Heart Disease

The document discusses heart disease and provides details about its causes, risk factors, prevention, and treatment. It begins with an introduction that describes how the heart works normally and the structure of a healthy versus diseased heart. Key points covered include the main types of heart disease, how a heart attack occurs due to plaque buildup or blood clots, statistics on heart disease globally and in Malaysia, fixed risk factors like age and gender, unfixed factors such as lifestyle and family history, the effects of heart disease, and steps to prevent it like a healthy lifestyle and diet.

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100 views4 pages

Heart Disease

The document discusses heart disease and provides details about its causes, risk factors, prevention, and treatment. It begins with an introduction that describes how the heart works normally and the structure of a healthy versus diseased heart. Key points covered include the main types of heart disease, how a heart attack occurs due to plaque buildup or blood clots, statistics on heart disease globally and in Malaysia, fixed risk factors like age and gender, unfixed factors such as lifestyle and family history, the effects of heart disease, and steps to prevent it like a healthy lifestyle and diet.

Uploaded by

fidaauddin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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QKU 3013

KONSEP KESIHATAN DAN GAYA HIDUP SIHAT


GROUP: A

HEART DISEASE

NAMA PENSYARAH: PROFESOR MADYA DR. GUNATHEVAN A/L ELUMALAI

BIL NAME ID NUMBER

1. NUR DIANA BINTI MOHAMAD TARMIZI D20181084517

2. MUHAMMAD FIDA’UDDIN BIN ABDUL HALIM D20181084456

3. ALZAM BIN KAMALUDIN D20181084462

4. NOR HASIMAH BINTI ROZANI D20181084469

5. NIK RAZMINN HAFIZIE BIN MAT ZUKI D20181084510


HEART DISEASE
BIL CONTENT
1. Introduction
 How heart work?
- The heart is divided into four chambers, the left atrium, the right
atrium, the left ventricle and the right ventricle.
- The first part of the beat pushes the blood from the atria to the
ventricles, and the second part of the beat pushes the blood out of
the heart
- Its primary job is to circulate oxygen-rich blood throughout our
entire body.
 Structure of the heart (normal versus disorder)
- Normal heart will have arteries that can carry blood without any
problem.
- Arteriosclerosis is the name for the process that results in what is
commonly called hardening of the arteries.
- The main steps in this process is atherosclerosis (the deposits of the
fats in the inner walls of the arteries.
 List of heart diseases
 Definition of those diseases
 Symptoms and signs of those diseases
 Factor of those diseases

2. Focus on heart attack by briefly explain about:


 Symptoms and signs
 How heart attack could happen?
- Plaque instability: early plaque deposits starts within the walls of
the artery, creating a lesion.
- Oxidation (creating toxic LDL) and inflammation (swelling in the
arteries) are two common causes of plaque instability.
- Calcification: presence of calcium of the blood vessels
- Thrombosis: blood’s ability to clot
- Vasoreactivity: arterial spasm, equivalent to a muscle spasm.

3. Statistics
 Statistics of hearts diseases in world and Malaysia
 Comparing mortality by heart disease than other diseases

4. Factor of heart attack:


 Fixed factor
 Gender

-Men are at higher risk of heart disease. Women’s risk grows and
may be equal to men after menopause.
 Age

-As you get older, your risk of heart disease increases.


 Ethnicity

-People of some origins such as Aboriginal and Torres Strait


Islander people, or people from the Indian sub-continent, have
higher risk
.
 Unfixed factor
- Inherited factors:

family history- If someone in your family has had a heart attack,


speak to your GP about your risk.
- Medical factors:

medical conditions that affect heart health


- Physical factors:

physical traits that act as predictors of cardiac danger


- Lifestyle factors:

behaviour and habits such as smoking, diet, exercise.


5. Effect of heart disease:
 Activity
 Diet
 Emotion
6. How to prevent?
 Lifestyle
 Balance diet
 Counselling and psychology support
 Medical treatment
7. Conclusion

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