GROUP 3 SWING DEVICE(up to #0373)
1. STRUCTURE
Swing device consists swing motor, swing reduction gear.
Swing motor include mechanical parking valve, relief valve, make up valve and time delay valve.
A PB B
A,B
PA M
PG Relief valve
Gear oil SH DB
drain port(DR)
Reduction gear Swing motor Time delay valve Gear oil inlet port(IP)
SH
29072SM01
PG
Port Port name Port size
DB
A, B Main port ͚20
DB Drain port PF 1/2-19
M M Make up port PF 1-24
PA, PB Gauge port PF 1/4-15
PA PB PG Brake release port PF 1/4-12
SH Brake pilot port PF 1/4-12
IP Gear oil inlet port PT 3/4-19
DR Gear oil drain port PT 1/2
A B
2-47
1) SWING MOTOR
993 117 121 118 114 706 707 702 712 472 351 355 488 469
106
438
432 303
106 052
A 171
443
471 151
A 161
304
162
163
985
433
101 444
491
437 984
124
401
051
301 994 122 123 113 116 111 742 743 031 131 451
464 485
400 100 702
712
052
SECTION A-A
031 Time delay valve 161 O-ring 464 Plug
051 Relief valve 162 O-ring 469 Plug
052 Valve assy 163 O-ring 471 O-ring
100 Casing 171 Hexagon screw 472 O-ring
101 Drive shaft 301 Casing 485 O-ring
106 Spacer 303 Casing 488 O-ring
111 Cylinder 304 Front cover 491 Oil seal
113 Retainer 351 Plunger 702 Piston
114 Spring 355 Spring 706 O-ring
116 Push rod 400 Valve 707 O-ring
117 Spacer 401 Hexagon screw 712 Brake spring
118 Spacer 432 Snap ring 742 Lining plate
121 Piston 433 Snap ring 743 Separate plate
122 Shoe 437 Snap ring 984 Plug
123 Set plate 438 Snap ring 985 Plug
124 Shoe plate 443 Roller bearing 993 Plug
131 Valve plate 444 Needle bearing 994 Plug
151 Plug 451 Pin
2-48
2) REDUCTION GEAR
1 21 13 6 4 23 2 7 18 19
37 35 20 27 22
10
33
17
31
9
39
38
14
24
8
34 36 3 16 26
11
15
12 29 32 5 28 25 30
1 Front casing 14 Pin 1 27 Oil seal
2 Middle casing 15 Side plate 1 28 Spring pin
3 Drive shaft 16 Magnet 29 Pressure plug
4 Ring gear 2 17 Side plate 3 30 Spring pin
5 Planet gear 2 18 Gauge bar 31 Stop ring
6 Sun gear 2 19 Gauge pipe 32 Bushing 2
7 Ring gear 1 20 Spacer ring 33 Stop ring
8 Planet gear 1 21 Knock pin 34 Lock washer
9 Sun gear 1 22 Roller bearing 35 Pinion gear
10 Carrier 23 Roller bearing 36 Lock plate
11 Pin 2 24 Needle cage 37 Hexagon bolt
12 Thrust washer 25 Socket bolt 38 Stop ring
13 Thrust button 26 Socket bolt 39 Side plate 2
2-49
2. FUNCTION
1) ROTARY PART
When high pressurized oil enters a cylinder through port(a), which is the inlet of balance plate(131),
hydraulic pressure acting on the piston causes axial force F. The pressure force F works via the
piston(121) upon the return plate(123) which acts upon the swash plate(124) via an hydrostatic
bearing. Force F1 perpendicular to swash plate(124) and force F2 perpendicular to cylinder center.
Being transferred to the cylinder block(111) through piston, force F2 causes rotational moment at
surroundings of cylinder.
Since cylinder block has 9 equidistantly arrayed pistons, rotational torque is transmitted to cylinder
shaft in order by several pistons connected to the inlet port of high pressurized oil. When the
direction of oil flow is reversed, rotational direction of cylinder is also reversed. Output torque is
given by the equation.
p×q F
T= , q=Z・A・PCD・tanθ, F1 = , F2=F tanθ, S=PCD×tanθ
2Л COSθ
Where p : Effective difference of pressure(kgf/cm2)
q : Displacement(cc/rev)
T : Output torque(kgf・cm)
Z : Piston number(9EA)
A : Piston area(cm2)
θ: Tilting angle of swash plate(degree)
S : Piston stroke(cm)
Low High
pressure oil pressure oil
F1 F2
131
124 123 121 111
2-50
2) MAKE UP VALVE
In the system using this type of motor, there is no counter balance functioning valve and there
happens the case of revolution exceeding hydraulic supply of motor. To prevent the cavitation
caused by insufficient oil flow there is a make up valve to fill up the oil insufficiency.
A make up valve is provided immediately before the port leading to the hydraulic oil tank to secure
feed pressure required when the hydraulic motor makes a pumping action. The boost pressure
acts on the hydraulic motor's feed port via the make up valve.
Pressurized oil into the port B, the motor rotate counterclockwise.
If the plunger of MCV moves neutral position, the oil in the motor is drain via left relief valve, the
drain oil run into motor via right make up valve, which prevent the cavitation of motor.
A B
2-51
3) RELIEF VALVE
3
5
1 Body
2 O-ring
4 3 Plug
15 4 O-ring
11 5 Back up ring
6 Plunger
14
7 Piston
13 7 8 Spring
9 Seat spring
9
12 10 Seat
2 11 Sleeve
12 Adjust plug
1
13 O-ring
14 Back up ring
8
15 Nut
10
(1) Construction of relief valve
The valve casing contains two cartridge type relief valves that stop the regular and reverse
rotations of the hydraulic motor. The relief valves relieve high pressure at start or at stop of swing
motion and can control the relief pressure in two steps, high and low, in order to insure smooth
operation.
(2) Function of relief valve
Figure illustrates how the pressure acting P P=pressure, T=time
on the relief valve is related to its rising PS
process. Here is given the function, 4
referring to the figure following page.
P1 3
T
1
2-52
① Ports (P,R) at tank pressure.
A1 m 6 7
8 A2
② When hydraulic oil pressure(P×A1) reaches the preset force(FSP) of spring(8), the plunger (6)
moves to the right as shown.
P1×A1 = Fsp + P1×A2
Fsp
P1=
A1 - A2
P=P1
2-53
③ When the pressure of chamber g reaches the preset force(Fsp) of spring(8), the piston(7) moves
right and stop the piston(7) hits the end of body.
m 6 7 f g
P=P1
④ When piston(7) hits the end of body, it stops moving to the right any further. As the result, the
pressure in chamber(g) equals(Ps).
Ps×A1 = Fsp + Ps×A3
Fsp
Ps =
A1 - A3
m 6 7 g
P=P1
2-54
4) BRAKE SYSTEM
(1) Control valve swing brake system
This is the brake system to stop the swing motion of the excavator during operation.
In this system, the hydraulic circuit is throttled by the swing control valve, and the resistance
created by this throttling works as a brake force to slow down the swing motion.
Work Deceleration Stop
A B A B A B
MCV MCV MCV
MCV A, B opened MCV A, B throttled MCV A, B closed
(2) Mechanical swing parking brake system
The mechanical swing parking brake system is installed to prevent the upper structure from
swinging downhill because of its own weight when the excavator is parked on a slope since it
completely eliminates the hydraulic drift of swing motion while the excavator is on a slop, work can
be done more easily and safely.
① Brake assembly
Circumferential rotation of separate
plate(743) is constrained by the groove
located at casing(301). When housing is
pressed down by brake spring(712)
through lining plate(742), separate 712
plate(743) and brake piston(702), friction
702
force occurs there.
743
Cylinder(111) is constrained by this
friction force and brake acts, while brake 742
releases when hydraulic force exceeds 111
Groove
spring force. 301
111 Cylinder 712 Brake spring
301 Casing 742 Lining plate
702 Brake piston 743 Separate plate
2-55
② Operating principle
a. When the swing control lever(1) is set to the swing position, the pilot oil go to the swing control
valve(2) and to SH of the time delay valve(3) via the shuttle valve(4), this pressure move
spool(5) to the leftward against the force of the spring(8), so pilot pump charged oil(P3) goes to
the chamber G.
This pressure is applied to move the piston(702) to the upward against the force of the
spring(712). Thus, it releases the brake force.
5
712
G SH
702
8
1 Swing control lever
2 Swing control valve(MCV)
3 Time delay valve
4 Shuttle valve
P3
5 Spool
8 Spring
702 Brake piston 2 2
712 Brake spring 4
2-56
b. When the swing control lever(1) is set the neutral position, the time delay valve(3) shifts the
neutral position and the pilot oil blocked chamber G.
Then, the piston(702) is moved lower by spring(712) force and the return oil from the chamber G
is drain.
712
G S
70 2
1 Swing control lever
2 Swing control valve(MCV)
3 Time delay valve
4 Shuttle valve
702 Brake piston P
712 Brake spring
2 2
4
R290SM08(1)
2-57
GROUP 3 SWING DEVICE(#0374 and up)
1. STRUCTURE
Swing device consists swing motor, swing reduction gear.
Swing motor include mechanical parking valve, relief valve, make up valve and time delay valve.
Reduction gear
Swing motor A B
A,B
PA
.
PB
IP
DR PG Relief valve SH DB
SH
PG
Port Port name Port size
DB
A, B Main port ͚20
DB Drain port PF 1/2-19
C Make up port PF 1-24
PA, PB Gauge port PF 1/4-15
C PG Brake release port PF 1/4-12
PA PB
SH Brake pilot port PF 1/4-12
IP Gear oil inlet port PT 3/4-19
DR Gear oil drain port PT 1/2
A B
30572SM01
2-57-1
1) SWING MOTOR
117 121 118 114 706 707 702 712 472 106 469 488 355 351 052 841
432 438
X X
106 303
471 A 748 993
443 A 747
304 444
468
487
746
101
491 745
437 433
124
451
301 122 123 113 116 111 744 742 031 743 131 401 051 994
464 485
30572SM02
031 Brake valve 304 Front cover 488 O-ring
051 Relief valve 351 Plunger 491 Oil seal
052 Valve assy 355 Spring 702 Piston
101 Drive shaft 401 Socket bolt 706 O-ring
106 Spacer 432 Snap ring 707 O-ring
111 Cylinder block 433 Snap ring 712 Brake spring
113 Bushing 437 Snap ring 742 Lining plate
114 Spring 438 Snap ring 743 Separate plate
116 Push rod 443 Roller bearing 744 Plug
117 Spacer 444 Roller bearing 745 Plug
118 Spacer 451 Spring pin 746 Plug
121 Piston 464 Plug 747 Name plate
122 Shoe 468 Plug 748 Rivet screw
123 Retainer 469 Plug 841 Socket bolt
124 Shoe plate 471 O-ring 993 Plug
131 Valve plate 472 O-ring 994 Plug
301 Casing 485 O-ring
303 Casing 487 O-ring
2-57-2
2) REDUCTION GEAR
1 21 13 6 4 23 2
10
33
17
37
31
9
34
39
36
3 38
35
14
20
24
8
27
26
15
22 16 29 11 12 32 5 28 25 30 19 18
30572SR01
1 Front casing 14 Pin 1 27 Oil seal
2 Middle casing 15 Side plate 1 28 Spring pin
3 Drive shaft 16 Magnet 29 Pressure plug
4 Ring gear 2 17 Side plate 3 30 Spring pin
5 Planet gear 2 18 Gauge bar 31 Stop ring
6 Sun gear 2 19 Gauge pipe 32 Bushing 2
7 Ring gear 1 20 Spacer ring 33 Stop ring
8 Planet gear 1 21 Knock pin 34 Lock washer
9 Sun gear 1 22 Roller bearing 35 Pinion gear
10 Carrier 23 Roller bearing 36 Lock plate
11 Pin 2 24 Needle cage 37 Hexagon bolt
12 Thrust washer 25 Socket bolt 38 Stop ring
13 Thrust button 26 Socket bolt 39 Side plate 2
2-57-3
2. FUNCTION
1) ROTARY PART
When high pressurized oil enters a cylinder through port(a), which is the inlet of balance plate(131),
hydraulic pressure acting on the piston causes axial force F. The pressure force F works via the
piston(121) upon the return plate(123) which acts upon the swash plate(124) via an hydrostatic
bearing. Force F1 perpendicular to swash plate(124) and force F2 perpendicular to cylinder center.
Being transferred to the cylinder block(111) through piston, force F2 causes rotational moment at
surroundings of cylinder.
Since cylinder block has 9 equidistantly arrayed pistons, rotational torque is transmitted to cylinder
shaft in order by several pistons connected to the inlet port of high pressurized oil. When the
direction of oil flow is reversed, rotational direction of cylinder is also reversed. Output torque is
given by the equation.
pÝq F
T= , q=ZÂAÂPCDÂtanɾ, F1 = , F2=F tanɾ, S=PCDÝtanɾ
2ӕ COSɾ
Where p : Effective difference of pressure(kgf/cm2)
q : Displacement(cc/rev)
T : Output torque(kgfÂcm)
Z : Piston number(9EA)
A : Piston area(cm2)
ɾ: Tilting angle of swash plate(degree)
S : Piston stroke(cm)
Low High
pressure oil pressure oil
F1 F2
131
124 123 121 111
R290SM05(2)
2-57-4
2) MAKE UP VALVE
In the system using this type of motor, there is no counter balance functioning valve and there
happens the case of revolution exceeding hydraulic supply of motor. To prevent the cavitation
caused by insufficient oil flow there is a make up valve to fill up the oil insufficiency.
A make up valve is provided immediately before the port leading to the hydraulic oil tank to secure
feed pressure required when the hydraulic motor makes a pumping action. The boost pressure
acts on the hydraulic motor's feed port via the make up valve.
Pressurized oil into the port B, the motor rotate counterclockwise.
If the plunger of MCV moves neutral position, the oil in the motor is drain via left relief valve, the
drain oil run into motor via right make up valve, which prevent the cavitation of motor.
A B
29072SM09
2-57-5
3) RELIEF VALVE
3
1 Body
5 2 O-ring
4 3 Plug
4 O-ring
15
5 Back up ring
11
6 Plunger
14 7 Piston
7 8 Spring
13
9 Seat spring
9 10 Seat
12
2 11 Sleeve
12 Adjust plug
1 13 O-ring
14 Back up ring
8 15 Nut
10
(1) Construction of relief valve
The valve casing contains two cartridge type relief valves that stop the regular and reverse
rotations of the hydraulic motor. The relief valves relieve high pressure at start or at stop of swing
motion and can control the relief pressure in two steps, high and low, in order to insure smooth
operation.
(2) Function of relief valve
Figure illustrates how the pressure acting P P=pressure, T=time
on the relief valve is related to its rising PS
process. Here is given the function, 4
referring to the figure following page.
P1 3
T
1
29072SM05
2-57-6
Ι When the pressure of chamber g reaches the preset force(Fsp) of spring(8), the piston(7) moves
right and stop the piston(7) hits the end of body.
m 6 7 f g
P=P1
29072SM07
Κ When piston(7) hits the end of body, it stops moving to the right any further. As the result, the
pressure in chamber(g) equals(Ps).
PsÝA1 = Fsp + PsÝA3
Fsp
Ps =
A1 - A3
m 6 7 g
P=P1
29072SM08
2-57-7
4) BRAKE SYSTEM
(1) Control valve swing brake system
This is the brake system to stop the swing motion of the excavator during operation.
In this system, the hydraulic circuit is throttled by the swing control valve, and the resistance
created by this throttling works as a brake force to slow down the swing motion.
Work Deceleration Stop
A B A B A B
MCV MCV MCV
MCV A, B opened MCV A, B throttled MCV A, B closed
(2) Mechanical swing parking brake system
The mechanical swing parking brake system is installed to prevent the upper structure from
swinging downhill because of its own weight when the excavator is parked on a slope since it
completely eliminates the hydraulic drift of swing motion while the excavator is on a slop, work can
be done more easily and safely.
Η Brake assembly
Circumferential rotation of separate
plate(743) is constrained by the groove
located at casing(301). When housing is
pressed down by brake spring(712)
through lining plate(742), separate
plate(743) and brake piston(702), friction
force occurs there.
Cylinder(111) is constrained by this
friction force and brake acts, while brake
releases when hydraulic force exceeds
spring force.
30572SM03
111 Cylinder 712 Brake spring
301 Casing 742 Lining plate
702 Brake piston 743 Separate plate
2-57-8
Θ Operating principle
a. When the swing control lever(1) is set to the swing position, the pilot oil go to the swing control
valve(2) and to SH of the time delay valve(3) via the shuttle valve(4), this pressure move
spool(5) to the leftward against the force of the spring(8), so pilot pump charged oil(P3) goes to
the chamber G.
This pressure is applied to move the piston(702) to the upward against the force of the
spring(712). Thus, it releases the brake force.
5
712
G SH
702
8
1 Swing control lever
2 Swing control valve(MCV)
3 Time delay valve
4 Shuttle valve P3
5 Spool
8 Spring
702 Brake piston 2 2
712 Brake spring 4
30572SM04
2-57-9
b. When the swing control lever(1) is set the neutral position, the time delay valve(3) shifts the
neutral position and the pilot oil blocked chamber G.
Then, the piston(702) is moved lower by spring(712) force and the return oil from the chamber
G is drain.
712
G SH
702
1 Swing control lever
2 Swing control valve(MCV)
3 Time delay valve
4 Shuttle valve P3
702 Brake piston
712 Brake spring
2 2
4
30572SM05
2-57-10
