ChemDrain TECHNICAL AND INSTALLATION MANUAL

CPVC Chemical Waste Drain System

(Updated February 25, 2016)

© 2005-2016 Charlotte Pipe and Foundry Company

TECHNICAL MANUAL

TM-CD
 INTRODUCTION ChemDrain® Technical Manual

Charlotte Pipe and Foundry is a privately held company

committed to providing the highest quality products and
service to the plumbing industry. We offer a full line of pipe
and fittings in a wide range of materials. Our ChemDrain®
Chemical Waste Drain System uses CPVC pipe and fittings
specifically designed for management of chemical waste.
The ChemDrain® System is designed and manufactured to
Monroe, North Carolina
provide easier installation, fewer callbacks and virtually
trouble-free service for as long as the system is in use.

Charlotte Pipe and Foundry’s investment in state-of-the-

art production equipment and outstanding customer service
have created an excellent source of supply for our customers.
We are constantly focusing on process improvement to find
better ways to further enhance customer service. We’ve
invested millions in increasing manufacturing efficiency,
productivity and capacity. Because we manufacture for
Muncy, Pennsylvania inventory, we are able to ship orders complete and in a
timely manner.

Cameron, Texas Huntsville, Alabama Cedar City, Utah

Manufacturing Facilities
• Monroe, North Carolina • Wildwood, Florida
Wildwood, Florida • Muncy, Pennsylvania • Huntsville, Alabama
• Cameron, Texas • Cedar City, Utah

Charlotte Pipe, ChemDrain and “You can’t beat the system” are registered trademarks of Charlotte Pipe and Foundry Company.

2
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
GENERAL INFORMATION Page
Introduction to Charlotte Pipe and Foundry ...................................................................... 2
Understanding Safety Alert Messages ............................................................................... 4
Major Advantages of CPVC Pipe ....................................................................................... 5
Benefits of CPVC............................................................................................................ 6
Recommended Product Applications ................................................................................. 6
Best Uses of CPVC......................................................................................................... 6
Product Certification...................................................................................................... 8
Product Submittal .............................................................................................................. 9
ChemDrain® CPVC-CW Schedule 40 Pipe and Fittings.................................................... 9
Handling and Storage of CPVC Pipe ................................................................................ 10
Receiving Pipe ............................................................................................................. 10
Handling Pipe.............................................................................................................. 10
Storing Pipe ................................................................................................................ 10
DESIGN AND ENGINEERING DATA
Weathering ....................................................................................................................... 11
UV Exposure ............................................................................................................... 11
Cold Weather Considerations........................................................................................ 11
Fluid Flow Properties .................................................................................................. 12-13
Gravity Flow ............................................................................................................... 12
Manning Roughness Factor........................................................................................... 12
Fluid Flow Rate ........................................................................................................... 13
Expansion and Contraction of CPVC Pipe .................................................................. 13-14
Expansion Loops .................................................................................................... 13-14
Support Spacing for CPVC Pipe ................................................................................. 14-15
Chemical Resistance ........................................................................................................ 16
HVAC or DWV Applications ............................................................................................. 16
Chemical Resistance Charts ........................................................................................ 17-24
CONVERSION CHARTS .................................................................................................... 25-26
INSTALLATION PROCEDURES
Connection Options .......................................................................................................... 27
Exclusive Charlotte Pipe TrueFit® System..................................................................... 27
Advantages of Solvent Welding..................................................................................... 27
Installation Procedures for ChemDrain CPVC Systems.................................................... 28
Basic Principles of Solvent Welding.............................................................................. 28
Cements....................................................................................................................... 28
Making the Joint..................................................................................................... 29-30
Applicators.................................................................................................................. 30
Applicator Type............................................................................................................ 31
Joint Curing................................................................................................................. 31
Flanging CPVC Pipe..................................................................................................... 31
Connecting CPVC to Other Materials............................................................................ 32
Making Joints with ChemDrain Chemical Couplings....................................................... 32
Installation of Threaded Connections............................................................................. 32
External Taper Thread Dimensions................................................................................ 33
Underground Installation ............................................................................................ 34-35
Trenching .................................................................................................................... 34
Bedding and Backfilling................................................................................................ 35
TESTING AND INSPECTION
Testing a ChemDrain CPVC System ................................................................................. 36
Hydrostatic Test ............................................................................................................... 36
LIMITED WARRANTY ............................................................................................................ 37
REFERENCE STANDARDS .................................................................................................... 38

Charlotte, Charlotte Pipe, ChemDrain and “You can’t beat the system” are registered trademarks of Charlotte Pipe and Foundry Company. 3
 GENERAL INFORMATION ChemDrain® Technical Manual

Understanding Safety Alert Messages

It is important to read and understand this manual. It contains information to help protect your safety and prevent problems.

This is the safety alert symbol. It is used to alert

you to potential personal injury hazards. Obey all
safety messages that follow this symbol to avoid
personal injury or death.

“WARNING” Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not

avoided, could result in severe injury or death.

“CAUTION” Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not

avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.

“NOTICE” Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not

avoided, may result in system failure and property damage.

READ & SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS

4
 GENERAL INFORMATION
Major Advantages of CPVC The ChemDrain CPVC pipe and fitting system is much easier to
join than the mechanical or heat fusion PP or PVDF systems.
CPVC pipe is lightweight, approximately one-sixth the weight
Charlotte Pipe’s ChemDrain® CPVC chemical waste system,
of iron and requires no special tools for cutting. Each piece
manufactured with CPVC, provides a durable and economical
is manufactured by Charlotte Pipe to exacting standards to
disposal solution for many chemical waste applications.
avoid time-consuming trouble or delays during installation.
For more than 50 years, CPVC has been used in a variety
And there’s no expensive heat fusion equipment to buy or rent.
of chemical processing applications. Now, Charlotte Pipe
is offering ChemDrain CPVC pipe and fittings specifically
engineered for laboratory chemical waste disposal systems.

Commercial and academic laboratories generate liquid waste

that must be treated or neutralized before reaching the sewer Failure to follow safety precautions may result in
misapplication or improper installation and testing which
system. One of the major benefits of CPVC is its resistance to
can cause severe personal injury and / or property damage.
a broad range of acids and corrosive chemicals. This range Primers and cements are extremely flammable and may
makes it an ideal system for labs, which use an unusually wide be explosive. Do not store or use near heat or open
variety of chemicals. Additionally, a chemical waste drainage flame, or death or serious injury may occur.
system must be able to handle the routine disposal of both hot • Solvent fumes created during the joining process are
heavier than air and may be trapped in newly installed
and cold chemicals.
piping systems.
• Ignition of the solvent vapors caused by spark or flame
CPVC is an attractive alternative to glass, stainless steel, lined may result in injury or death from explosion or fire.
steel, high silicon cast iron, PP (polypropylene) and PVDF • Read and obey all manufacturers' warnings and any
(polyvinylidene fluoride) for chemical waste and an excellent instructions pertaining to primers and cements.
• Provide adequate ventilation to reduce fire hazard and
choice for long-term value.
to minimize inhalation of solvent vapors when working
with cements, primers and new piping systems.
Chemical waste piping systems must be designed to convey
the mixtures of corrosive liquids generated by commercial
and institutional laboratories to a point where it is either CPVC is joined by solvent cement – the most commonly used
sufficiently diluted or neutralized before being discharged into technique for thermoplastic pipe and fittings in the chemical
the sanitary sewer system. CPVC is particularly well-suited to processing industry – which results in a permanent weld. Solvent
the task because it exhibits excellent chemical resistance to cementing has been employed for decades to join thermoplastic
a broad range of chemicals including strong and dilute acids, pipe and fitting systems for a variety of applications including
bases, caustics, salts, aliphatic solutions and other common corrosive fluids at elevated temperatures.
reagents. In addition, ChemDrain CPVC can convey liquids in
gravity drainage applications at temperatures up to 220° F. ChemDrain one-step solvent cement is designed to create a
intermolecular bond between pipe and fitting surfaces. Once
CPVC also overcomes many common problems that have properly applied and cured, the joint is permanent. Melted
been inherent in chemical waste piping systems up until now. joints, corrosion of exposed internal heating wires and burn-
Glass and high silicon iron systems are cumbersome, fragile, through, all problems in the joining systems of heat-fused
and have a high initial cost. Polypropylene lacks the ability plastic products, are not possible with CPVC.
to withstand the elevated temperatures that are common
in some systems and isn’t as good as CPVC in some highly Our ChemDrain CPVC Solvent Cement has been specially
concentrated acids. PVDF is excellent in strong acids but formulated for chemical resistance to caustics including
not recommended for many common alkaline solutions. And hypochlorites, mineral acids and other corrosive chemicals.
both polypropylene and PVDF are usually installed using Charlotte Pipe manufactures both ChemDrain pipe and fittings
time-consuming, complicated and at times unreliable fusion to our exacting tolerances, meaning everything is designed
joining methods. It’s easy to make consistent reliable joints to fit together properly. This is the exclusive Charlotte Pipe
in the ChemDrain system using simple hand tools, a specially TrueFit® System.
formulated one-step solvent cement and easily trained labor.
Bottom line, the ChemDrain CPVC system is often the best
single choice for chemical waste drainage.

5
 GENERAL INFORMATION ChemDrain® Technical Manual

Benefits of CPVC Include:

Cost Effective
• CPVC is easy to install, reliable and durable, lowering your
total costs of ownership over the life of the system. CPVC Testing with or use of compressed air or gas in PVC / ABS
piping is extremely lightweight, convenient to handle and / CPVC pipe or fittings can result in explosive failures and
competitively priced against alternative materials. When cause severe injury or death.
• NEVER test with or transport/store
properly installed and used, its durability and resistance compressed air or gas in PVC / ABS / CPVC
to chemical corrosion make it a long-term, cost-effective pipe or fittings.
option. • NEVER test PVC / ABS / CPVC pipe or
fittings with compressed air or gas, or air
Easy Installation over water boosters.
• ONLY use PVC / ABS / CPVC pipe or
• CPVC pipe is lightweight, approximately one-half the
fittings for water or approved chemicals.
weight of aluminum and one-sixth the weight of steel, • Refer to warnings on PPFA’s website and
and requires no special tools for cutting. Each piece is ASTM D 1785.
manufactured by Charlotte Pipe to exacting standards
to avoid time-consuming trouble or delays during
Corrosion Resistance
installation. Also, CPVC has smooth, seamless walls and
• CPVC is inert to most acids, bases, salts and a variety
can be installed with fast and reliable solvent welded
of organic media, within certain limits of concentration
joints.
and temperature. A chemical waste management system
of CPVC piping provides the chemical resistance for a
wide variety of dedicated and mixed chemical applications
when properly diluted by flushing with water. CPVC also
eliminates the disadvantages found in alternative piping
Failure to follow proper installation practices,
materials, such as borosilicate glass, high-silicon cast iron
procedures, or techniques may result in personal injury,
system failure or property damage. or double-containment piping, which can be heavy, fragile
• Use a solvent cement / primer applicator that is 1/2 the and expensive to purchase, install and maintain.
size of the pipe's diameter. Too large an applicator will
result in excess cement inside the fitting. Too small an
applicator will not apply sufficient cement. Recommended Product Application
• Cut pipe square.
• Do not use dull or broken cutting tool blades when A ChemDrain® CPVC chemical waste management system
cutting pipe. offers a wide-ranging solution to the dilution and disposal needs
• Do not test until recommended cure times are met. of institutional and academic laboratories. When properly
designed, installed and utilized, the system will deliver years
of reliable, problem-free service.

Best Uses of CPVC

One of the key advantages of a ChemDrain CPVC system is its
resistance to a broad range of acidic and caustic chemicals.
The inherent wide-ranging chemical resistance has led to the
Charlotte ChemDrain system being tested and certified for
chemical waste drainage by NSF International and bears the
mark NSF-cw.

CPVC compares favorably to other commonly used non-

metallic chemical waste piping materials and has a

To the best of our knowledge the information contained in this publication is accurate. However, Charlotte Pipe and Foundry does not
assume any liability whatsoever for the accuracy or completeness of such information. Final determination of the suitability of any
information or product for the use to be contemplated is the sole responsibility of the user. The manner of use and whether there is any
infringement of patents is also the sole responsibility of the user.

6
 GENERAL INFORMATION
“recommended” rating for widely-used concentrations of
many corrosive chemicals and common laboratory reagents.
Please refer to the comprehensive chemical resistance chart
on pages 17 through 23 for information on both CPVC as well The Chemical Resistance data located in this manual is
as the fluoroelastomer which is used in ChemDrain Transition for CPVC in a typical laboratory drainage environment.
fittings as well as important notes concerning the use of CPVC To reduce the risk of system failure, always evaluate the
in chemical waste applications. chemical resistance information and project specific
factors.
• Laboratory Drainage is defined as: The routine non-
continuous disposal of a wide variety of hot and cold
chemicals in relatively small quantities in a gravity
drainage system accompanied by water sufficient for the
purpose of dilution and flushing.
• Refer to the Plastics Technical and Installation Manual
available at www.charlottepipe.com for chemical
resistance information for industrial or continuous
chemical drainage applications.
• Chemical resistance of plastics is dependent on
concentration, possible interactions with other
chemicals, temperature, stress and other factors.

7
 GENERAL INFORMATION ChemDrain® Technical Manual

Product Certification
ChemDrain® CPVC chemical waste system is a complete system of pipe, fittings, solvent cement and accessories. Charlotte Pipe
and Foundry CPVC pipe and fittings are listed for chemical waste systems by NSF International and bear the mark NSF-cw.
For additional information log on to www.nsf.org.

Physical Properties of CPVC Material

PROPERTY CPVC 4120 UNITS STANDARD
Mechanical Properties
Specific Gravity 1.55 ASTM D 792
Tensile Strength (73°F) 7,000 psi ASTM D 638
Modulus of Elasticity in Tension (73°F) 360,000 psi ASTM D 638
Flexural Strength (73°F) 15,100 psi ASTM D 790
Izod Impact Cell Class 23447 (notched at 73°F) Min. 1.5 Fittings ft lb/ in. ASTM D 256
Hardness (Durometer D) – ASTM D 2240
Hardness (Rockwell R) 119 ASTM D 785
Compressive Strength (73°F) 10,100 psi ASTM D 695
Hydrostatic Design Stress 2,000 psi
Thermal Properties
Heat Distortion Temperature at 264 psi Minimum 212°F (Cell Class 23447) degrees F ASTM D 648
Coefficient of Thermal Conductivity .95 BTU/ hr/sq ft/ °F/ in. ASTM C 177
Coefficient of Linear Expansion 3.4 x 10 -5
in./ in./ °F ASTM D 696
Specific Heat 0.34 BTU/lb°F ASTM D 2766
Water Absorption (24 hrs at 73°F) .03 % weight gain ASTM D 570
Cell Classification 23447-Pipe and Fittings ASTM D 1784
Flammability
Limiting Oxygen Index 60% ASTM D2883
Burning Rate Self Extinguishing ASTM D 635
Burning Class V-0 UL 94
Flame & Smoke Rating 1

Flame Spread 0 CAN/ULC S 102.2

Smoke Developed 8-22
2

Solvent Cement Heavy Body, ASTM F 493

Mustard Yellow Color

Above data is based upon information provided by the raw material manufacturers. It should be used only as a recommendation and not as a guarantee of
performance.
1
Based on test of physical product, as opposed to test of material only. Test was conducted on 11⁄2” - 6” pipe.
2
Results vary based on pipe diameter.

8
 GENERAL INFORMATION
SUBMITTAL FOR CHARLOTTE PIPE ® CHEMDRAIN ® CPVC
CHEMICAL WASTE SCHEDULE 40 PIPE AND FITTINGS
Date: ________________
Job Name: ______________________________ Location: _______________________________
Engineer: _______________________________ Contractor:______________________________

Scope:
This specification covers CPVC Schedule 40 pipe and fittings for chemical waste drain applications. ChemDrain is intended
for use in non-pressure drain applications where the temperature will not exceed 220°F.

Specification:
Pipe and fittings shall be manufactured as a system, be the product of one manufacturer and be manufactured in the United
States. All pipe, fittings, and solvent cement shall be supplied together as a system, as Charlotte Pipe ChemDrain chemical
waste system manufactured by Charlotte Pipe and Foundry. Pipe and fittings shall conform to the National Sanitation
Foundation Standard (NSF) 14.

Special drainage systems for corrosive chemical or acid waste shall be manufactured by CPVC Type IV, Grade I, ASTM Cell
Class 23447. All system components shall be certified by NSF International for use in chemical waste drainage systems and
bear the mark NSF-cw. All system piping shall be Schedule 40 CPVC produced to the dimensional requirements of ASTM F
2618 and the manufacturer’s specifications. All pipe and fittings shall be CPVC drainage patterns meeting the requirements
of ASTM F 2618 and the manufacturer’s specifications, as applicable.

Installation:
Installation shall comply with the latest installation instructions published by Charlotte Pipe and Foundry and shall conform to
all applicable plumbing, fire, and building code requirements. Buried pipe shall be installed in accordance with ASTM D 2321
and ASTM F 1668. Solvent welded joints shall be made with ChemDrain One-Step solvent cement conforming to ASTM F
493. The system shall be protected from items that are not compatible with CPVC compounds; materials like thread sealants,
plasticized vinyl products, fire stopping devices, or other aggressive chemical agents. System shall be hydrostatically tested
after installation. WARNING! Use of compressed air or gas in CPVC pipe or fittings can result in explosive failures and cause
severe injury or death.

Referenced Standards:
ASTM D 1784 Rigid CPVC Vinyl Compounds
ASTM D 2321 Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe (non-pressure applications)
ASTM F 493 Solvent Cements for CPVC Pipe and Fittings
ASTM F 1668 Procedures for Buried Plastic Pipe
ASTM F 2618 Standard for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) Chemical Waste Drainage Systems
NSF Standard 14 Plastic Piping Components and Related Materials

ChemDrain® CPVC Pipe

ChemDrain® CPVC Schedule 40 Pipe
Sixteenth Bend Type IV, Grade 1 ASTM F 2618
Quarter Bend Cleanout Tee
Transitional PVC SCHEDULE
CPVC SCHEDULE4040(WHITE)
(LIGHT GRAY) PLAIN ENDPLAIN END
PVC 1120 ASTM4120
CPVC D 2665
w/Plug Coupling PART NO. NOM. SIZE UPC # QTY. PER AVG. OD MIN. WALL WT. PER 100 FT.
611942- SKID (IN.) (IN.) (LBS.)

AW 14015 11⁄2” x 10’ 10732 1650’ 1.900 .145 55.3

AW 14002 2” x 10’ 10733 990’ 2.375 .154 74.3
AW 14003 3” x 10’ 10734 1040’ 3.500 .216 154.2
AW 1400 4 4” x 10’ 10735 600’ 4.500 .237 219.6
Wye Sanitary Tee AW 1400 6 6” x 10’ 10736 260’ 6.625 .280 386.1
Jar Trap with Tail One-Step CPVC AW 1400 8 8” x 10’ 11363 180’ 8.625 .322 581.1
Not all patterns shown Piece Adapter Solvent Cement

Charlotte Pipe and Foundry Company • P.O. Box 35430 Charlotte, NC 28235 • (800) 438-6091 • www.charlottepipe.com

ChemDrain, Charlotte Pipe, and Charlotte Pipe and Foundry Company are registered trademarks of Charlotte Pipe and Foundry Company.
FO-SUB-CHEMDRAIN (2-25-16) I made this SKU up to be able to use.
9
 GENERAL INFORMATION ChemDrain® Technical Manual

Handling and Storage of CPVC Pipe risk of damaging the pipe. Refrain from unnecessary abuse when
unloading, storing and handling. Do not drop pipe from trucks,
Receiving Pipe drag pipe over the ground or step on pipes. When unloading,
do not drag or push pipe from truck bed. Remove and handle
pallets of pipe with a forklift.
When receiving CPVC pipe, thoroughly inspect pipe before
unloading. For pipe transported on an open truck bed, examine NOTE: Avoid contact with sharp objects such as rocks, angle
for shipping damage from over-tightened tie-down straps, irons or the forks of a forklift. Pipe should never be lifted or
improper treatment or a shift in load. If pipe is delivered in a moved by inserting forks of a forklift into the pipe ends.
closed trailer, the inspection should happen when the trailer is
first opened. Make sure the pipe has not been damaged by a NOTE: In addition to following these guidelines, extra care
load shift, rough handling or having other materials stacked should be used when handling CPVC pipes measuring 4 inches
on top of it. in diameter or more. Because of the additional pipe weight, even
a minor impact can cause cracking. Plastic pipe also becomes
To inspect CPVC pipe: more brittle as the temperature decreases. Use extra precautions
• Examine visually for cracks, splits, gouges or other forms when handling pipe at temperatures of 50°F and lower.
of damage.
• Check for severe deformation of pipe as this may cause
joining problems during assembly. Storing Pipe
• Inspect interior for internal splits or cracks in all pipes
measuring 4 inches in diameter or more. A flashlight Store CPVC pipe in a heated, ventilated area, preferably
may be necessary to perform this part of the inspection indoors. If CPVC pipe is stored outdoors for long periods, cover
satisfactorily. it with a non-transparent material to avoid UV exposure. When
storing outside, place pipe on level ground that is dry and free
If damage is found, all parties involved, including the driver, of sharp objects. CPVC pipe with the thickest walls should be
must be made aware of the damage. Also note damage on the placed on the bottom of the pile if different schedules of pipes
bill of lading and/or delivery ticket. Notify Charlotte Pipe and are stacked together.
the carrier within 24 hours of any damage, as well as delivery
errors or shortages. Pipe that is in pallets should be stacked with the pallet boards
touching. Pallet boards should not be placed directly on CPVC
Handling Pipe pipe, as they can damage the pipe or cause it to bow. If pipe is
stored in racks, the pipe should be supported continuously along
its length. If this is not possible, the spacing supports should be
CPVC piping is incredibly sturdy. As a result, workers sometimes determined based on the pipe diameter. In general, supports and
have a tendency to treat it as if it is indestructible. However, spacing that would provide for no more than 1/2” in deflection
reasonable care should be used during handling to reduce the of the pipe should be acceptable.

10
 DESIGN AND
ENGINEERING DATA
Weathering Cold Weather Considerations
UV Exposure CPVC is a ductile material that expands and contracts more
than metallic plumbing pipe does. However, like all plumbing
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight can cause surface materials, CPVC must be protected from freezing with proper
discoloration in CPVC pipe. The reaction occurs when energy insulation in accordance with all plumbing codes.
from the sun excites the molecular bonds in the plastic, but
affects only the exposed surface of the pipe to a shallow depth
of 0.001 to 0.003 inches. The reaction ends when exposure
to sunlight ends.

Placing an opaque shield between the sun and the pipe prevents Like other piping materials, CPVC may split when liquids
freeze in it, causing potential system failure and severe
UV degradation. CPVC pipe should be covered with an opaque
personal injury.
material when stored outdoors for long periods of time.
Burying CPVC pipe provides protection against UV attack.

Painting pipe with latex (water-based) paint also will help If a CPVC line should freeze, it is crucial to thaw the line if
protect CPVC pipe installed above ground. However, proper possible. If the frozen section of pipe is accessible, blow heated
surface preparation is crucial for painted pipe. First, clean air directly onto the pipe using a low wattage heater/blower.
the CPVC pipe to remove moisture, dirt and oil, and then wipe When thawing a frozen CPVC line, the heat source should
dry with a clean cloth. NOTICE: Do not use petroleum-based not exceed 180°F. Electrical heat tapes also can be applied
paints as the petroleum will prevent the paint from properly to the area.
bonding to the pipe.
Also, eliminate the source of cold air that caused the pipe to
freeze. Until this can be done, drain the system if overnight
temperatures are likely to drop below 32°F.

11
 DESIGN AND
ENGINEERING DATA ChemDrain® Technical Manual

Charlotte Pipe’s ChemDrain® System offers a complete Example 2:

solution for creating a state-of-the-art CPVC chemical waste Calculate the gravity flow for a 4”-diameter Schedule 40
drain system that can deliver years of reliable, trouble-free CPVC pipe, flowing half full over a 10-foot pipe run with a
service. From proper installation techniques to chemical 1.5-inch drop.
resistance to fluid flow calculations, the pages that follow
S = 20”-18.5” / 12” = 0.0125 ft./ft.
lay out everything needed to design and install a ChemDrain
10 ft.
system for optimum performance.
R = 4.026” / 12” = 0.0839 ft.
Charlotte Pipe urges users to carefully study this information 4
and to follow it precisely. ChemDrain has been created as a Assume “N” to be 0.010. Then:
total system, and all warranties and guarantees depend on
designing and implementing the system as recommended. V = 1.486 (0.0839) 2/3 (0.0125) 1/2
0.010

Fluid Flow Properties V = 3.2 ft./second

Gravity Flow Charlotte Pipe generally recommends a flow velocity of

CPVC is an extremely smooth material. Its low surface friction at least 2.0 feet per second for self-cleaning drain lines.
properties make CPVC as smooth as glass, but without its In both examples shown, the design being evaluated exceeds
disadvantages (weight, high breakability). To determine the this recommendation.
fluid velocity, pipe size and hydraulic slopes for a gravity
drain, it is best to use the Manning’s equation shown below.
In the equation:
Manning Roughness Factor
V = Velocity of flow in feet/second (“N” Value)
N = Manning’s value (see “Manning Roughness The Manning “N” value is a commonly used flow coefficient.
Factor”, below) This coefficient expresses the “smoothness” of the interior
R = The hydraulic radius, in feet. This is obtained by dividing walls of various types of piping material. The Manning value is
the cross-sectional area of flow by the wetted perimeter used when making calculations for liquids with a steady flow,
of the pipe in contact with the flow. (R is a special case at a constant depth, in a prismatic open channel.
for V with pipes that are either 1/2 full or full; in those
cases, R = inside diameter / 4, in feet) The “N” value for CPVC pipe ranges from 0.008 to 0.012,
/
S = Upstream elevation – Downstream elevation (ft./ft.) making it comparable in smoothness to glass, polypropylene
and PVDF and somewhat smoother on average than
pipe length
V = 1.486 R2/3 S1/2 competitive high-silicon iron systems.

N

Example 1:
Calculate the gravity flow for a 2”-diameter, Schedule 40
CPVC pipe, flowing full over a 30-foot pipe run with a 7.5-
inch drop.
S = 17.5”-10.0” / 12” = 0.0208 ft./ft.
30 ft.
R = 2.067” / 12” = 0.043 ft.
4
V = 1.486 R 2/3 S 1/2
N

Manning’s “N” value can range from 0.008 to 0.012.

However, for gravity sewer systems, we generally use 0.009.
V = 1.486 (0.043) 2/3 (0.0208) 1/2
0.009
V = 2.9 ft./second

12
 DESIGN AND
ENGINEERING DATA
Fluid Flow Rate The coefficient of linear expansion (Y) is expressed in inches
of expansion for every 10° F change in temperature over 100
Use the following calculation to determine the volumetric flow
rate. In the equation: feet of pipe. For CPVC, the value of Y is 0.408.

Q = aV The amount of expansion or contraction can be calculated

V = Flow velocity in feet/second using the following formula:
a = A cross-sectional area of flow in feet squared (ft.2)
Q = Volume flow rate in cubic feet (ft.3) per second ∆L = Y (T1-T2) x L h
10 100
Example 1 (Same scenario as Gravity Flow Example 1 on previous page):
Where:
a = πDi2 = π (2.067/12)2 = 0.0233 ft2 ∆L = The dimensional change due to thermal
4 4 expansion or contraction in inches.
V = 2.9 ft/sec Y = The expansion coefficient for CPVC (0.408)
Q = 0.0233 x 2.9 = 0.0676 ft3/sec T1-T2 = The difference between the temperature at
the time of installation and the maximum or
Q = 0.0676 ft3 x 7.48 gal x 60 sec = 30.3 gals minimum system temperature, (choose the one
sec ft3 min min that provides the greatest differential), in °F.
Example 2 (Same scenario as Gravity Flow Example 2 on previous page): L = The length of pipe run between changes in
direction, in feet.
a = 1/2 ( πDi2 ) = π (4.026/12)2 = 0.0442 ft2
4 2x4 Example:
V = 3.2 ft/sec How much expansion can be expected in a 60-foot straight run
Q = 0.0442 x 3.2 = 0.141 ft3/sec of ChemDrain® CPVC pipe installed at 70° F and operating
at 140°F?
Q = 0.141 ft3 x 7.48 gal x 60 sec = 63.5 gals
sec ft3 min min Solution:
∆L = 0.408 (140-70) x 60 =0.408 x 7 x 0.6 = 1.71 in.
Expansion and Contraction of CPVC 10 100
As the temperature varies, CPVC pipe lengths expand and
For vertical stacks in above-grade applications, compensation
contract. Typically, CPVC expands five times as much as
for thermal expansion is recommended. This can be
steel or iron pipe. When designing a plumbing system to
accomplished by installing a horizontal offset in the piping
compensate for thermal expansion and contraction, installation
system at every other floor. For example, in a three-story
temperature versus the maximum working temperature must
installation, an offset in the piping system at the second floor
be considered. Thermal variations in CPVC lengths depend
would be recommended. Compensation for thermal expansion
on three factors:
is not required for the vent system.
• The coefficient of linear expansion;
• The length of pipe between directional changes; and The results, shown in the following table, are presented
• The temperature differential. simply as a handy guide for quick and easy determinations of
acceptable loop lengths for the approximate conditions.

CPVC Pipe Schedule 40 (ASTM F 441)

Calculated Offset Lengths with ∆T of approx. 80°F
Failure to compensate for expansion and contraction
caused by temperature change may result in system Length of Run in Feet
failure and property damage. Nominal 40 60 80 100
• Do not restrict expansion or contraction. Restraining
movement in piping systems is not recommended and Pipe Size Loop Length (L) in Inches
may result in joint or fitting failure. 11⁄2” 35 43 50 56
• Use straps or clamps that allow for piping system 2” 40 49 57 64
movement.
• Align all piping system components properly without
3” 52 63 73 82
strain. Do not bend or pull pipe into position after being 4” 58 72 83 92
solvent welded. 6” 71 87 100 112
• Do not terminate a pipe run against a stationary object
(example: wall or floor joist).
• Do not install fittings under stress.

13
 DESIGN AND
ENGINEERING DATA ChemDrain® Technical Manual

The design of a CPVC piping system should follow the same

general principles used to design steel piping systems. However,
there are several notable exceptions:

1. With CPVC, give direct support to concentrated loads

such as flanges to eliminate high-stress concentrations.
If direct support is impossible, support the pipe as close
to the load as possible.

2. If large temperature fluctuations are possible, allow for

expansion and contraction in the length of the pipe in
In underground applications, it is easy to compensate for the design. In most cases, changes in pipe direction will
expansion and contraction by snaking the pipe in the trench. provide sufficient leeway. However, hangers must not be
Solvent-welded joints must be used. See the “Underground allowed to restrict this movement.
Installation” section for more details.
3. Where changes in direction occur, provide support as
NOTICE: Due to exothermic reactions which can be caused close as possible to the fitting. This will prevent excessive
by the mixing of chemicals, temperatures within the system stresses that can twist or wrench the system (torsional
may become elevated. It is important to consider this when stresses).
designing for expansion and contraction.
4. Since CPVC pipe expands approximately 5 times more
NOTE: This manual is not a complete engineering reference than steel, select and install hangers to allow for this
addressing all aspects of design and installation of thermal movement. When using a clamp-type hanger, for example,
expansion in piping systems. Many excellent references are do not allow the hanger to force the pipe and fittings into
available on this topic. The American Society of Plumbing position.
Engineers (www.ASPE.org) Data Book, Volume 4, 2008,
Chapter 11 is an excellent resource for engineers on designing 5. Hangers should provide as much load-bearing surface
for thermal expansion. as possible. To prevent damage to the pipe, file any
sharp edges or burrs on hangers or supports before
installation.
Support Spacing for CPVC Pipe
Any piping system requires adequate support, and this is 6. Do not place CPVC lines alongside steam or other high-
particularly true of flexible piping material such as CPVC. temperature pipe lines or objects.
The size of the pipe, the location of heavy fittings and the
mechanical properties of the piping material all influence the NOTICE: The above information provides general guidelines.
amount of support needed and the types of hangers that will It should be used only as a reference and not as a guarantee or
work best. performance. Specific installation instructions and techniques
may be required as a result of local plumbing and building
codes, engineering specifications and instructions.

Most plumbing and building codes require horizontal piping

to be supported based on the diameter of the piping material.
Failure to follow proper installation practices, Always install support spacing in accordance with applicable
procedures, or techniques may result in personal injury, plumbing and building codes.
system failure or property damage.
• Use a solvent cement / primer applicator that is 1/2 the Properly support vertical CPVC piping for the vertical load
size of the pipe's diameter. Too large an applicator will involved. The design should include a mid-story guide, unless
result in excess cement inside the fitting. Too small an thermal expansion requirements dictate a different approach.
applicator will not apply sufficient cement. Do not tightly anchor pipe to the supports; instead, secure it
• Cut pipe square. to allow for natural thermal-induced movement.
• Do not use dull or broken cutting tool blades when
cutting pipe. The following chart shows the recommended support spacing
• Do not test until recommended cure times are met. for ChemDrain® CPVC pipe. This spacing recommendation
• Align all piping system components properly without applies to continuous spans of un-insulated lines with no
strain. Do not bend or pull pipe into position after being
concentrated loads when carrying liquids with a specific gravity
solvent welded.
of 1.00 or less.

14
 DESIGN AND
ENGINEERING DATA
Recommended Support Guidelines (in feet) NOTE: Always follow local code requirements for horizontal
hanger spacing. Most plumbing codes require that CPVC pipe
Pipe Temperature °F have a maximum horizontal hanger spacing of not more than
Diameter four feet for pipe sizes 11⁄2 inch and larger.
(in.)60 80 100 120 140 180
11⁄2 61⁄2 61⁄2 61⁄2 51⁄2 5 3
2 61⁄2 6 6 51⁄2 5 3
3 8 7 7 7 6 31⁄2
4 81⁄2 71⁄2 71⁄2 7 61⁄2 4
6 91⁄2 81⁄2 8 71⁄2 7 41⁄2
8 91⁄2 81⁄2 8 71⁄2 7 5

Pipe Hangers, Clamps and Supports

Clevis Hanger Band Hanger Roller Hanger Adj. Swivel Roller Hanger
1
⁄2 to 30 in. pipe 1
⁄2 to 8 in. pipe 21⁄2 to 20 in. pipe 21⁄2 to 12 in. pipe

Split Ring Hanger

Split Ring Hanger Adj. Swivel Ring Single Pipe Roll Adj. Pipe Roll Support
3
⁄8 to 8 in. pipe 3
⁄4 to 8 in. pipe 1 to 30 in. pipe 1 to 30 in. pipe

Adj. Clevis
For Insulated Lines Adj. Swivel Ring Roller Chair Pipe Roll Stand
3
⁄4 to 12 in. pipe 1
⁄2 to 8 in. pipe 2 to 12 in. pipe 2 to 42 in. pipe

Pipe Clamp Double Bolt Pipe Clamp Anchor Strap U Bolt

1
⁄2 to 24 in. pipe 3
⁄4 to 36 in. pipe 1
⁄2 to 4 in. pipe 1
⁄2 to 30 in. pipe

15
 DESIGN AND
ENGINEERING DATA ChemDrain® Technical Manual

Chemical Resistance a piping system is exposed to excessive stress. Types of

external stresses include expansion/contraction, improper
support or installation. Tests show that samples under
CPVC is resistant to most acids, bases, salts and a wide variety external stress may exhibit cracking when exposed to
of organic compounds; see list of specific chemicals starting strong surfactants and certain oils and/or animal or
on page 17. Charlotte ChemDrain® CPVC is very well suited vegetable fats. Special consideration should be taken
to use in commercial, institutional and academic laboratory during design and installation to avoid unusual stress in
drainage. This chemical resistance data is for CPVC in a the piping system. CPVC Chemical Waste systems are not
typical laboratory drainage environment. Laboratory drainage listed nor recommended for sanitary DWV applications.
is defined as:

The routine disposal of a wide variety of hot (up to 220°F) HVAC or DWV Applications
and cold chemicals in relatively small quantities in a gravity
drainage system accompanied by water sufficient for the Exercise caution when using ChemDrain pipe or fittings for
purpose of dilution and flushing. HVAC or refrigerant-condensate lines. Some refrigerant
systems contain oils that may damage CPVC products. In
HVAC applications, some heat exchangers or condenser coils
may contain residual oils from the manufacturing process
The Chemical Resistance data located in this manual is
which can cause cracking of CPVC. Caution should be exercised
for CPVC in a typical laboratory drainage environment. when installing CPVC in combination hot/air handling units
To reduce the risk of system failure, always evaluate the or as condensate-drain lines from air conditioning systems.
chemical resistance information and project specific
factors.
Confirm the compatibility of CPVC with residual oils prior
• Laboratory Drainage is defined as: The routine non- to installation. The interior of heat exchangers or the
continuous disposal of a wide variety of hot and cold exterior of condenser coils may be thoroughly cleaned with a
chemicals in relatively small quantities in a gravity
drainage system accompanied by water sufficient for the detergent solution to remove incompatible oils prior to piping
purpose of dilution and flushing. installation. A rinse with clean water to completely clean the
• Refer to the Plastics Technical and Installation Manual
system is advisable as a final flushing. Charlotte Pipe and
available at www.charlottepipe.com for chemical
resistance information for industrial or continuous Foundry will not accept responsibility for failure resulting
chemical drainage applications. from exposure to compressor oils in HVAC or refrigerant
• Chemical resistance of plastics is dependent on
concentration, possible interactions with other
condensate lines.
chemicals, temperature, stress and other factors.

CPVC can be used for industrial (continuous chemical)

drainage, but for those applications the chemical resistance Prior to installing PVC or CPVC piping in hydronic
charts in the Charlotte® Plastics Technical Manual must applications, it is important to flush the interior of the heat
exchangers and the exterior of the evaporator coils
be used. Contact Charlotte Technical Services for more thoroughly with a mild ionic detergent solution to remove
information or assistance at www.charlottepipe.com. Chemical incompatible oils. Failing to do so could result in system
resistance data contained in those manuals is provided for failure and property damage.
initial compatibility evaluation purposes only. Due to the Verify that all boiler cleaning and sealing chemicals used in
hydronic radiant heating systems are compatible with PVC
many variables involved and possible interaction and mixing or CPVC. Failure to do so could result in system failure and
of chemicals within systems, Charlotte recommends that property damage.
users test under actual service conditions to determine final Equipment leaks in refrigeration or HVAC systems may
release POE oils or other contaminants into the piping
suitability for a particular purpose. This chemical resistance system. These oils and contaminants are incompatible with
chart does not represent a warranty for the performance of PVC or CPVC and such exposure may result in pipe or
CPVC piping systems in any specific application. fitting failure regardless of flushing.

ChemDrain CPVC is not recommended for sanitary DWV

applications for the following reasons:
• ChemDrain is manufactured to ASTM F 2618 and this
• Failure to follow proper installation practices, standard does not address sanitary waste applications.
procedures, or techniques may result in system failure,
personal injury and property damage. ChemDrain is a special drainage system for corrosive or
• ChemDrain is not recommended for DWV applications. acid waste applications.
• ChemDrain may experience environmental stress cracking
Important Note: if continuously exposed to animal or vegetable fats,
• Some chemicals that do not normally adversely effect oils and greases (FOG’s) which would be common in a
CPVC can cause environmental stress cracking when commercial kitchen DWV application.
16 See www.charlottepipe.com for most current data.
 DESIGN AND
ENGINEERING DATA
Chemical Resistance
The following table lists the chemical resistance suitability of CPVC
The chemical resistance table shown within this manual is for
ChemDrain thermoplastic piping materials and Fluoroelastomer CPVC in a typical laboratory drainage environment. To
(FKM), a commonly used seal material. The information shown is reduce the risk of system failure, always evaluate the
based upon laboratory tests conducted by the manufacturers of the chemical resistance information and project specific factors.
materials, and it is intended to provide a general guideline on the
resistance of these materials to various chemicals. NOTICE: This information is not a guarantee, and any piping systems using
products made of these materials should be tested under actual service conditions to determine their suitability for a particular
purpose. See website for most current data: www.charlottepipe.com.

C = Consult Charlotte Pipe NR = Not Recommended C = Consult Charlotte Pipe NR = Not Recommended
R = Recommended • • = No Data R = Recommended • • = No Data
ChemDrain® CPVC Fluoroelastomer (FKM) ChemDrain® CPVC Fluoroelastomer (FKM)
in Laboratory Transition in Laboratory Transition
Drainage Couplings Drainage Couplings
Service (AW 95C, AW 96C) Service (AW 95C, AW 96C)
Acetaldehyde, pure NR NR Ammonium Acetate R NR
Acetic Acid, <10% R R Ammonium Benzoate R ••
Acetic Acid, > 50% NR NR Ammonium Bifluoride R R
Acetic Anhydride R NR Ammonium Carbonate R R
Acetone, <20% R R Ammonium Chloride R R
Acetone, pure NR NR Ammonium Citrate R ••
Acetonitrile, pure R NR Ammonium Dichromate R ••
Acetyl Chloride R R Ammonium Fluoride R R
Acetophenone NR NR Ammonium Hydroxide R NR
Acrylic Acid, pure R NR Ammonium Metaphosphate R ••
Acrylonitrile, pure R NR Ammonium Nitrate R R
Adipic Acid R R Ammonium Persulfate R R
Alcohol, Allyl, pure R NR Ammonium Phosphate R R
Alcohol, Amyl, up to 1% R R Ammonium Sulfamate R NR
Alcohol, Amyl, >1% NR R Ammonium Sulfate R R
Alcohol, Benzyl R R Ammonium Sulfide R R
Alcohol, Butyl (Butanol) R R Ammonium Thiocyanate R R
Alcohol, Diacetone R NR Ammonium Tartrate R ••
Alcohol, Ethyl (Ethanol) R R Amyl Acetate NR NR
Alcohol, Hexyl (Haxanol) R R Amyl Alcohol, up to 1% R R
Alcohol, Isopropyl (Isopropanol) R R Amyl Alcohol, >1% NR R
Alcohol, Methyl (Methanol) R NR Amyl Chloride C R
Alcohol, Octyl (1-n-Octanol) R R Aniline NR R
Alcohol, Propyl (Propanol) R R Aniline Hydrochloride NR R
Allyl Alcohol, pure R NR Anthraquinone NR NR
Allyl Chloride NR R Anti-Freeze: See Alcohols, Glycols and Glycerin
Alum R R Antimony Trichloride, aqueous R R
Aluminum Acetate R NR Aqua Regia R R
Aluminum Chloride R R Arsenic Acid R R
Aluminum Fluoride R R Aryl Sulfonic Acid R ••
Aluminum Hydroxide R R Asphalt NR R
Aluminum Nitrate R R Barium Carbonate R R
Aluminum Sulfate R R Barium Chloride R R
Amines C NR Barium Hydroxide R R
Ammonia R NR Barium Nitrate R R

See www.charlottepipe.com for most current data. 17

 DESIGN AND
ENGINEERING DATA ChemDrain® Technical Manual

Chemical Resistance
The following table lists the chemical resistance suitability of CPVC
The chemical resistance table shown within this manual is for
ChemDrain thermoplastic piping materials and Fluoroelastomer CPVC in a typical laboratory drainage environment. To
(FKM), a commonly used seal material. The information shown is reduce the risk of system failure, always evaluate the
based upon laboratory tests conducted by the manufacturers of the chemical resistance information and project specific factors.
materials, and it is intended to provide a general guideline on the
resistance of these materials to various chemicals. NOTICE: This information is not a guarantee, and any piping systems using
products made of these materials should be tested under actual service conditions to determine their suitability for a particular
purpose. See website for most current data: www.charlottepipe.com.

C = Consult Charlotte Pipe NR = Not Recommended C = Consult Charlotte Pipe NR = Not Recommended
R = Recommended • • = No Data R = Recommended • • = No Data
ChemDrain® CPVC Fluoroelastomer (FKM) ChemDrain® CPVC Fluoroelastomer (FKM)
in Laboratory Transition in Laboratory Transition
Drainage Couplings Drainage Couplings
Service (AW 95C, AW 96C) Service (AW 95C, AW 96C)
Barium Sulfate R R Calcium Carbonate R R
Barium Sulfide R R Calcium Chlorate R R
Beer R R Calcium Chloride R R
Beet Sugar Liquors R R Calcium Hydroxide R R
Benzaldehyde NR NR Calcium Hypochlorite R R
Benzene NR R Calcium Nitrate R R
Benzene Sulfonic Acid R R Calcium Oxide R R
Benzoic Acid, aqueous R R Calcium Sulfate R R
Benzyl Alcohol R R Cane Sugar Liquors R R
Benzyl Chloride NR R Caprolactam, aqueous R NR
Bismuth Carbonate R R Caprolactone, aqueous R NR
Black Liquor R R Carbitol R R
Bleach R R Carbolic Acid, pure R R
Blood R R Carbon Disulfide NR R
Borax R R Carbon Tetrachloride NR R
Boric Acid R R Carbonic Acid R R
Brine Acid R •• Castor Oil NR R
Bromic Acid R •• Caustic Potash R R
Bromine, liquid R R Caustic Soda (Sodium Hydroxide) R NR
Bromine, aqueous R R Cellosolve NR NR
Bromobenzene NR R Cellosolve Acetate NR NR
Bromotoluene NR •• Chloramine, aqueous R NR
Butanol, pure R R Chloric Acid R ••
Butyl Acetate NR NR Chlorine, aqueous R R
Butyl Carbitol R R Chlorine Dioxide, aqueous R R
Butyl Cellosolve NR NR Chloroacetic Acid, pure R NR
Butyl Phenol NR •• Chlorobenzene NR R
Butyric Acid, >1% NR NR Chloroform NR R
Cadmium Acetate R NR Chromic Acid, 40% R R
Cadmium Chloride R •• Chromium Nitrate R ••
Cadmium Cyanide R R Citric Acid R R
Cadmium Sulfate R •• Citrus Oils R ••
Calcium Acetate R NR Coconut Oil NR R
Calcium Bisulfide R R Coffee R ••
Calcium Bisulfite R R Copper Acetate R NR

18 See www.charlottepipe.com for most current data.

 DESIGN AND
ENGINEERING DATA
Chemical Resistance
The following table lists the chemical resistance suitability of CPVC
The chemical resistance table shown within this manual is for
ChemDrain thermoplastic piping materials and Fluoroelastomer CPVC in a typical laboratory drainage environment. To
(FKM), a commonly used seal material. The information shown is reduce the risk of system failure, always evaluate the
based upon laboratory tests conducted by the manufacturers of the chemical resistance information and project specific factors.
materials, and it is intended to provide a general guideline on the
resistance of these materials to various chemicals. NOTICE: This information is not a guarantee, and any piping systems using
products made of these materials should be tested under actual service conditions to determine their suitability for a particular
purpose. See website for most current data: www.charlottepipe.com.

C = Consult Charlotte Pipe NR = Not Recommended C = Consult Charlotte Pipe NR = Not Recommended
R = Recommended • • = No Data R = Recommended • • = No Data
ChemDrain® CPVC Fluoroelastomer (FKM) ChemDrain® CPVC Fluoroelastomer (FKM)
in Laboratory Transition in Laboratory Transition
Drainage Couplings Drainage Couplings
Service (AW 95C, AW 96C) Service (AW 95C, AW 96C)
Copper Carbonate R R Dill Oil C ••
Copper Chloride R R Dimethyl Phthalate NR R
Copper Cyanide R R Dimethylamine NR NR
Copper Fluoride R •• Dimethylformamide (DMF) NR NR
Copper Nitrate R R Dimethylhydrazine NR NR
Copper Sulfate R R Dioctyl Phthalate NR R
Corn Oil NR R Disodium Phosphate R R
Corn Syrup R R Dioxane, pure R NR
Cottonseed Oil NR R Distilled Water R R
Creosote NR R Dry Cleaning Fluid NR R
Cresol NR R EDTA, Tetrasodium Aqueous R R
Crotonaldehyde R NR Ethanol, pure R R
Cumene NR R Ethyl Acetate R NR
Cupric Fluoride R R Ethyl Acetoacetate R NR
Cupric Sulfate R R Ethyl Acrylate R NR
Cuprous Chloride R •• Ethyl Benzene NR R
Cyclohexane R R Ethyl Chloride NR R
Cyclohexanol R R Ethyl Chloroacetate NR ••
Cyclohexanone R NR Ethyl Ether NR NR
Decahydronaphthalene R •• Ethyl Formate NR R
Detergents R R Ethyl Mercaptan NR R
Dextrin R R Ethyl Oxalate NR R
Dextrose R R Ethylene Bromide NR ••
Diacetone Alcohol R NR Ethylene Chloride NR R
Dibutoxyethyl Phthalate NR NR Ethylene Chlorohydrin NR R
Dibutyl Ether NR NR Ethylene Glycol, <50% R R
Dibutyl Phthalate NR NR Ethylene Glycol, >50% NR R
Dibutyl Sebacate NR NR Ethylene Oxide R NR
Dichlorobenzene NR R Ethylenediamine R NR
Dichloroethylene NR NR 2-Ethylhexanol NR R
Diesel Fuel NR R Fatty Acids C R
Diethylamine NR NR Ferric Chloride R R
Diethyl Cellosolve R NR Ferric Hydroxide R R
Diethyl Ether NR NR Ferric Nitrate R R
Diglycolic Acid R •• Ferric Sulfate R R

See www.charlottepipe.com for most current data. 19

 DESIGN AND
ENGINEERING DATA ChemDrain® Technical Manual

Chemical Resistance
The following table lists the chemical resistance suitability of CPVC
The chemical resistance table shown within this manual is for
ChemDrain thermoplastic piping materials and Fluoroelastomer CPVC in a typical laboratory drainage environment. To
(FKM), a commonly used seal material. The information shown is reduce the risk of system failure, always evaluate the
based upon laboratory tests conducted by the manufacturers of the chemical resistance information and project specific factors.
materials, and it is intended to provide a general guideline on the
resistance of these materials to various chemicals. NOTICE: This information is not a guarantee, and any piping systems using
products made of these materials should be tested under actual service conditions to determine their suitability for a particular
purpose. See website for most current data: www.charlottepipe.com.

C = Consult Charlotte Pipe NR = Not Recommended C = Consult Charlotte Pipe NR = Not Recommended
R = Recommended • • = No Data R = Recommended • • = No Data
ChemDrain® CPVC Fluoroelastomer (FKM) ChemDrain® CPVC Fluoroelastomer (FKM)
in Laboratory Transition in Laboratory Transition
Drainage Couplings Drainage Couplings
Service (AW 95C, AW 96C) Service (AW 95C, AW 96C)
Ferrous Chloride R R Hydrogen Peroxide, 50% R R
Ferrous Hydroxide R R Hydrogen Sulfide, aqueous R NR
Ferrous Nitrate R R Hydroquinone, aqueous R R
Ferrous Sulfate R R Hydroxylamine Sulfate R ••
Fish Oil C R Hypochlorous Acid R R
Fluoboric Acid R •• Iodine R R
Fluosilicic Acid R R Isobutyl Alcohol R R
Formaldehyde, 35-50% aqueous R NR Isophorone NR NR
Formalin (37% to 50% Formaldehyde) R NR Isopropanol, pure R R
Formic Acid, pure R NR Isopropyl Acetate R NR
Fructose R R Isopropyl Chloride NR R
Furfural NR NR Isopropyl Ether NR NR
Gallic Acid, aqueous R R Kerosene NR R
Gasoline NR R Ketchup R R
Gelatine R R Kraft Liquors R R
Glucose R R Lactic Acid R R
Glycerine R R Lard Oil NR R
Glycol, Ethylene, <50% R R Lauryl Chloride R R
Glycol, Ethylene, >50% NR R Lead Acetate R NR
Glycol, Polyethylene (carbowax) R R Lead Chloride R R
Glycol, Polypropylene, >25% NR R Lead Nitrate R R
Glycol, Propylene, <25% R R Lead Sulfate R R
Glycol, Propylene, >25% NR R Lemon Oil C R
Glycolic Acid R •• Ligroin R R
Glyoxal, aqueous R •• Limonene R R
Green Liquor R •• Linoleic Acid C R
Halocarbon Oils NR •• Linseed Oil C R
Heptane R R Lithium Bromide R R
Hexane R R Lithium Chloride R R
Hexanol R R Lithium Hydroxide R NR
Hydrazine R NR Lithium Sulfate R R
Hydrobromic Acid R R Lubricating Oils (Petroleum Based) R R
Hydrochloric Acid R R Magnesium Carbonate R R
Hydrocyanic Acid R R Magnesium Chloride R R
Hydrofluoric Acid R NR Magnesium Citrate R R

20 See www.charlottepipe.com for most current data.

 DESIGN AND
ENGINEERING DATA
Chemical Resistance
The following table lists the chemical resistance suitability of CPVC
The chemical resistance table shown within this manual is for
ChemDrain thermoplastic piping materials and Fluoroelastomer CPVC in a typical laboratory drainage environment. To
(FKM), a commonly used seal material. The information shown is reduce the risk of system failure, always evaluate the
based upon laboratory tests conducted by the manufacturers of the chemical resistance information and project specific factors.
materials, and it is intended to provide a general guideline on the
resistance of these materials to various chemicals. NOTICE: This information is not a guarantee, and any piping systems using
products made of these materials should be tested under actual service conditions to determine their suitability for a particular
purpose. See website for most current data: www.charlottepipe.com.

C = Consult Charlotte Pipe NR = Not Recommended C = Consult Charlotte Pipe NR = Not Recommended
R = Recommended • • = No Data R = Recommended • • = No Data
ChemDrain® CPVC Fluoroelastomer (FKM) ChemDrain® CPVC Fluoroelastomer (FKM)
in Laboratory Transition in Laboratory Transition
Drainage Couplings Drainage Couplings
Service (AW 95C, AW 96C) Service (AW 95C, AW 96C)
Magnesium Fluoride R R Motor Oil (Petroleum Based) R R
Magnesium Hydroxide R R Muriatic Acid R R
Magnesium Nitrate R R Naphtha C R
Magnesium Oxide R R Naphthalene NR R
Magnesium Sulfate R R Nickel Acetate R NR
Maleic Acid R R Nickel Chloride R R
Malic Acid R R Nickel Nitrate R R
Manganese Sulfate R R Nickel Sulfate R R
Mercuric Chloride R R Nitric Acid, <30% R R
Mercuric Cyanide R R Nitrobenzene NR NR
Mercuric Sulfate R R Nitroethane NR NR
Mercurous Nitrate R R Nitroglycerine C ••
Mercury R R Nitromethane NR NR
Methanesulfonic Acid R •• Nitrous Acid R C
Methanol, up to 10% R NR Octane R R
Methanol R NR Octanol R R
Methanol, pure R NR Oil, Crude C R
Methyl Acetate, pure NR NR Oleum R R
Methyl Cellosolve NR NR Olive Oil C R
Methyl Chloride NR R Oxalic Acid R R
Methyl Chloroform NR R Ozonated Water R NR
Methyl Ethyl Ketone NR NR Palm Oil C R
Methyl Formate NR NR Paraffin R R
Methyl Isobutyl Ketone NR NR Peanut Oil C R
Methyl Isopropyl Ketone NR NR Peppermint Oil C R
Methyl Methacrylate NR NR Peracetic Acid R ••
Methylamine NR NR Perchloric Acid, 10% R R
Methylene Bromide NR NR Perchloroethylene NR R
Methylene Chloride NR NR Phenol, pure R R
Methylene Chlorobromide NR NR Phenylhydrazine NR NR
Methylene Iodide NR NR Phosphate Esters NR NR
Mineral Oil R R Phosphoric Acid R R
Molasses R R Phosphorus Pentoxide R ••
Monoethanolamine NR NR Phosphorus Trichloride R R
Morpholine R •• Photographic Solutions R R

See www.charlottepipe.com for most current data. 21

 DESIGN AND
ENGINEERING DATA ChemDrain® Technical Manual

Chemical Resistance
The following table lists the chemical resistance suitability of CPVC
The chemical resistance table shown within this manual is for
ChemDrain thermoplastic piping materials and Fluoroelastomer CPVC in a typical laboratory drainage environment. To
(FKM), a commonly used seal material. The information shown is reduce the risk of system failure, always evaluate the
based upon laboratory tests conducted by the manufacturers of the chemical resistance information and project specific factors.
materials, and it is intended to provide a general guideline on the
resistance of these materials to various chemicals. NOTICE: This information is not a guarantee, and any piping systems using
products made of these materials should be tested under actual service conditions to determine their suitability for a particular
purpose. See website for most current data: www.charlottepipe.com.

C = Consult Charlotte Pipe NR = Not Recommended C = Consult Charlotte Pipe NR = Not Recommended
R = Recommended • • = No Data R = Recommended • • = No Data
ChemDrain® CPVC Fluoroelastomer (FKM) ChemDrain® CPVC Fluoroelastomer (FKM)
in Laboratory Transition in Laboratory Transition
Drainage Couplings Drainage Couplings
Service (AW 95C, AW 96C) Service (AW 95C, AW 96C)
Phthalic Acid NR NR Potassium Sulfide R R
Picric Acid, <10% R R Potassium Sulfite R R
Pine Oil R R Potassium Tripolyphosphate R R
Plating Solutions R R Propanol, pure R R
POE Oil (Polyolester) NR NR Propargyl Alcohol R ••
Polyethylene Glycol (carbowax) R R Propionic Acid, >5% R R
Polyvinyl Alcohol R R Propionic Acid, pure R NR
Potash R R Propyl Acetate NR NR
Potassium Acetate R NR Propyl Bromide NR NR
Potassium Bicarbonate R R Propylene Dichloride NR R
Potassium Bichromate R R Propylene Glycol, <25% R R
Potassium Bisulfate R R Propylene Glycol, >25% NR R
Potassium Borate R R Propylene Oxide R NR
Potassium Bromate R R Pyridine R NR
Potassium Bromide R R Pyrogallol R ••
Potassium Carbonate R R Pyrrole NR NR
Potassium Chlorate R R Reverse Osmosis Water R R
Potassium Chloride R R Salicylaldehyde R ••
Potassium Chromate R R Sea Water R R
Potassium Cyanate R R Silicic Acid R ••
Potassium Cyanide R R Silicone Oil R R
Potassium Dichromate R R Silver Chloride R ••
Potassium Ferricyanide R R Silver Cyanide R R
Potassium Ferrocyanide R R Silver Nitrate R R
Potassium Fluoride R R Silver Sulfate R R
Potassium Hydroxide R NR Soaps R R
Potassium Hypochlorite R NR Sodium Acetate R R
Potassium Iodide R R Sodium Aluminate R R
Potassium Nitrate R R Sodium Arsenate R R
Potassium Perborate R R Sodium Benzoate R R
Potassium Perchlorate R R Sodium Bicarbonate R R
Potassium Permanganate R R Sodium Bichromate R R
Potassium Persulfate R R Sodium Bisulfate R R
Potassium Phosphate R R Sodium Bisulfite R R
Potassium Sulfate R R Sodium Borate R R

22 See www.charlottepipe.com for most current data.

 DESIGN AND
ENGINEERING DATA
Chemical Resistance
The following table lists the chemical resistance suitability of CPVC
The chemical resistance table shown within this manual is for
ChemDrain thermoplastic piping materials and Fluoroelastomer CPVC in a typical laboratory drainage environment. To
(FKM), a commonly used seal material. The information shown is reduce the risk of system failure, always evaluate the
based upon laboratory tests conducted by the manufacturers of the chemical resistance information and project specific factors.
materials, and it is intended to provide a general guideline on the
resistance of these materials to various chemicals. NOTICE: This information is not a guarantee, and any piping systems using
products made of these materials should be tested under actual service conditions to determine their suitability for a particular
purpose. See website for most current data: www.charlottepipe.com.

C = Consult Charlotte Pipe NR = Not Recommended C = Consult Charlotte Pipe NR = Not Recommended
R = Recommended • • = No Data R = Recommended • • = No Data
ChemDrain® CPVC Fluoroelastomer (FKM) ChemDrain® CPVC Fluoroelastomer (FKM)
in Laboratory Transition in Laboratory Transition
Drainage Couplings Drainage Couplings
Service (AW 95C, AW 96C) Service (AW 95C, AW 96C)
Sodium Bromide R R Stearic Acid R R
Sodium Carbonate R R Strontium Chloride R ••
Sodium Chlorate R R Styrene Monomer NR R
Sodium Chloride R R Succinic Acid R R
Sodium Chlorite R R Sugar R R
Sodium Chromate R R Sulfamic Acid R R
Sodium Cyanide R R Sulfuric Acid R R
Sodium Dichromate R R Sulfurous Acid R R
Sodium Ferricyanide R R Tall Oil R R
Sodium Ferrocyanide R R Tannic Acid R R
Sodium Fluoride R R Tartaric Acid R R
Sodium Formate R •• Tetrachloroethylene NR R
Sodium Hydroxide R NR Tetrahydrofuran NR NR
Sodium Hypobromite R •• Tetrahydronaphthalene NR R
Sodium Hypochlorite R R Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate R ••
Sodium Iodide R R Thionyl Chloride R R
Sodium Metaphosphate R R Toluene NR R
Sodium Nitrate R R Tomato Juice R R
Sodium Nitrite R R Tributyl Citrate NR NR
Sodium Palmitate R •• Tributyl Phosphate NR NR
Sodium Perborate R R Trichloroacetic Acid R NR
Sodium Perchlorate R •• Trichloroethylene NR R
Sodium Peroxide R R Triethanolamine R NR
Sodium Phosphate R R Triethylamine R NR
Sodium Silicate R R Trimethyl Propane R ••
Sodium Sulfate R R Trisodium Phosphate R ••
Sodium Sulfide R R Tung Oil C R
Sodium Sulfite R R Turpentine C R
Sodium Thiosulfate R R Urea R ••
Sodium Tripolyphosphate R •• Urine R ••
Soybean Oil C R Vegetable Oils C R
Stannic Chloride R R Vinegar R R
Stannous Chloride R R Vinyl Acetate R NR
Stannous Sulfate R R Water R R
Starch R R Water - Deionized R R

See www.charlottepipe.com for most current data. 23

 DESIGN AND
ENGINEERING DATA ChemDrain® Technical Manual

Chemical Resistance
The following table lists the chemical resistance suitability of CPVC
The chemical resistance table shown within this manual is for
ChemDrain thermoplastic piping materials and Fluoroelastomer CPVC in a typical laboratory drainage environment. To
(FKM), a commonly used seal material. The information shown is reduce the risk of system failure, always evaluate the
based upon laboratory tests conducted by the manufacturers of the chemical resistance information and project specific factors.
materials, and it is intended to provide a general guideline on the
resistance of these materials to various chemicals. NOTICE: This information is not a guarantee, and any piping systems using
products made of these materials should be tested under actual service conditions to determine their suitability for a particular
purpose. See website for most current data: www.charlottepipe.com.

C = Consult Charlotte Pipe NR = Not Recommended C = Consult Charlotte Pipe NR = Not Recommended
R = Recommended • • = No Data R = Recommended • • = No Data
ChemDrain® CPVC Fluoroelastomer (FKM) ChemDrain® CPVC Fluoroelastomer (FKM)
in Laboratory Transition in Laboratory Transition
Drainage Couplings Drainage Couplings
Service (AW 95C, AW 96C) Service (AW 95C, AW 96C)
Whiskey R R Zinc Carbonate R R
White Liquor R R Zinc Chloride R R
Wine R R Zinc Nitrate R R
Xylene NR R Zinc Sulfate R R
Zinc Acetate R NR

Note: Most aqueous solutions of water-soluble chemicals not specified here can be used in CPVC drainage systems.

24 See www.charlottepipe.com for most current data.

 DESIGN AND
ENGINEERING DATA
Temperature Conversion
Degrees Fahrenheit Degrees Centigrade Degrees Fahrenheit Degrees Centigrade
-10 -23.3 90 32.2
-5 -20.6 95 35.0
0 -17.8 100 37.8
5 -15.0 110 43.3
10 -12.2 120 48.9
15 -9.4 130 54.4
20 -6.7 140 60.0
25 -3.9 150 65.6
32 0 160 71.1
35 1.7 170 76.7
40 4.4 180 82.2
45 7.2 190 87.8
50 10.0 200 93.3
55 12.8 212 100.0
60 15.6 220 104.4
65 18.3 230 110.0
70 21.1 240 115.6
75 23.9 250 121.1
80 26.7 260 126.7
85 29.4
For temperatures not shown, the following formulas apply:
°F to °C = (°F-32)/1.8 °C to °F = 9/5 (°C x 1.8) +32

Metric Conversion
Pipe Size (mm) Pipe Size (in.) Pipe Size (mm) Pipe Size (in.)
6mm 1
⁄8 in. 90mm 31⁄2 in.
7mm 3
⁄16 in. 100mm 4 in.
8mm 1
⁄4 in. 125mm 5 in.
10mm 3
⁄8 in. 150mm 6 in.
15mm 1
⁄2 in. 200mm 8 in.
18mm 5
⁄8 in. 250mm 10 in.
20mm 3
⁄4 in. 300mm 12 in.
25mm 1 in. 350mm 14 in.
32mm 11⁄4 in. 400mm 16 in.
40mm 11⁄2 in. 450mm 18 in.
50mm 2 in. 500mm 20 in.
65mm 21⁄2 in. 600mm 24 in.
80mm 3 in.

To the best of our knowledge the information contained in this publication is accurate. However, Charlotte Pipe and Foundry
does not assume any liability whatsoever for the accuracy or completeness of such information. Final determination of
the suitability of any information or product for any use is the sole responsibility of the user. The manner of that use and
whether there is any infringement of patents is also the sole responsibility of the user.

25
 DESIGN AND
ENGINEERING DATA ChemDrain® Technical Manual

The Conversion of Fractions to Decimals

Fraction Decimal Fraction Decimal
1/64 0.015625 33/64 0.515625
1/32 0.031250 17/32 0.53125
3/64 0.046875 35/64 0.546875
1/16 0.062500 9/16 0.5625
5/64 0.078125 37/64 0.578125
3/32 0.937500 19/32 0.59375
7/64 0.109375 38/64 0.609375
1/8 0.125000 5/8 0.625
9/64 0.140625 41/64 0.640625
5/32 0.156250 21/32 0.65625
11/64 0.171900 43/64 0.67187
3/16 0.187500 11/16 0.6875
13/64 0.203100 45/64 0.70312
7/32 0.218800 23/32 0.71875
15/64 0.234375 47/64 0.734375
1/4 0.250000 3/4 0.75
17/64 0.265625 49/64 0.765625
9/32 0.281250 25/32 0.78125
19/64 0.296875 51/64 0.79875
5/16 0.312500 13/16 0.8125
21/64 0.328125 53/64 0.82125
11/32 0.343750 27/32 0.84375
23/64 0.359375 55/64 0.859375
3/8 0.375000 7/8 0.875
25/64 0.398625 57/64 0.890625
13/32 0.406250 29/32 0.90625
27/64 0.421875 59/64 0.921875
7/16 0.437500 15/16 0.9375
29/64 0.453125 61/64 0.953125
15/32 0.468750 31/32 0.96875
31/64 0.484375 63/64 0.984375
1/2 0.500000 1” 1

26
 INSTALLATION PROCEDURES
Connection Options Advantages of Solvent Welding
One major advantage of CPVC for chemical waste disposal
The ChemDrain System offers several options for joining
®

CPVC pipe and fittings and joining CPVC to a wide variety of applications is its use of chemically welded joints. Solvent
alternative materials. All of the approved options available welding is a simple, consistent and reliable method of creating
for use in a ChemDrain system are outlined here, including joints that requires no special tools or costly fusion equipment.
solvent welding, flanged connections and ChemDrain Chemical ChemDrain CPVC Cement is specifically formulated for
Couplings. chemical waste applications. The resulting joints are as strong
and durable as the pipe itself, with the same chemical resistance
and physical properties as the pipe and fittings.

This is in sharp contrast to mechanical connectors or heat-

fusion methods, which often burn through or are left exposed
Failure to follow proper installation practices, to the flow of corrosive chemicals, which may cause a leak path
procedures, or techniques may result in personal injury, to develop over time.
system failure or property damage.
• Use a solvent cement / primer applicator that is 1/2 the Although the material used to create solvent welds commonly
size of the pipe's diameter. Too large an applicator will is referred to as “cement,” it has none of the properties of
result in excess cement inside the fitting. Too small an cement. It is neither glue nor an adhesive. Instead the process
applicator will not apply sufficient cement. commonly known as “solvent welding” chemically fuses the
• Cut pipe square. pipe and the fitting material by temporarily softening the two
• Do not use dull or broken cutting tool blades when
pieces to create semi-fluid surfaces. Wedging the treated pipe
cutting pipe.
• Do not test until recommended cure times are met. into a softened, tapered fitting socket forces the two semi-fluid
surfaces together and allows them to chemically fuse as the
CPVC re-hardens. As the solvent evaporates, or cures, the final
fused joint is created. To avoid confusion, Charlotte Pipe refers
Exclusive Charlotte Pipe TrueFit® System to this process exclusively as “solvent welding.”
Only Charlotte offers the TrueFit System. Our CPVC pipe,
fittings, bushings, and tees are made to exacting tolerances, Charlotte Pipe recommends only Charlotte Pipe and Foundry
meaning everything is designed to fit together properly. Using ChemDrain CPVC Cement for use in ChemDrain applications.
our products, you’ll work more efficiently and productively ChemDrain CPVC Cement is specially formulated for chemical
with fewer callbacks. resistance to caustics including hypochlorites, mineral acids
and other corrosive chemicals. The other joining options for the
ChemDrain system are described in the following installation
procedures.

27
 INSTALLATION PROCEDURES ChemDrain® Technical Manual

Installation Procedures for ChemDrain® Solvent Cements

CPVC Systems

Failure to follow safety precautions may result in

misapplication or improper installation and testing which
Failure to follow safety precautions may result in can cause severe personal injury and / or property damage.
misapplication or improper installation and testing which Primers and cements are extremely flammable and may
can cause severe personal injury and / or property damage. be explosive. Do not store or use near heat or open
flame, or death or serious injury may occur.
• Solvent fumes created during the joining process are
heavier than air and may be trapped in newly installed
piping systems.
• Ignition of the solvent vapors caused by spark or flame
may result in injury or death from explosion or fire.
• Read and obey all manufacturers' warnings and any
instructions pertaining to primers and cements.
Failure to follow proper installation practices,
• Provide adequate ventilation to reduce fire hazard and
procedures, or techniques may result in personal injury,
to minimize inhalation of solvent vapors when working
system failure or property damage.
with cements, primers and new piping systems.
• Use a solvent cement / primer applicator that is 1/2 the
size of the pipe's diameter. Too large an applicator will
result in excess cement inside the fitting. Too small an
ChemDrain chemical waste systems must be joined with
applicator will not apply sufficient cement.
• Cut pipe square. ChemDrain one-step solvent cement conforming to ASTM F
• Do not use dull or broken cutting tool blades when 493.
cutting pipe.
• Do not test until recommended cure times are met. Charlotte ChemDrain solvent cement is classified as “Low-
VOC” (volatile organic compounds) per the emission limits
established by the California South Coast Air Quality
Management District (SCAQMD). Material Safety Data Sheets
Basic Principles of Solvent Welding (MSDS) for Charlotte ChemDrain solvent cement are available
To make consistently good joints the following should be clearly for download at www.charlottepipe.com.
understood:
1. The joining surfaces must be softened and made semi- Solvent cements are formulated to be used “as received” in
fluid. original containers. Adding of thinners to change viscosity is
2. Sufficient cement must be applied to fill the gap between not recommended. If the cement is found to be jelly-like and
pipe and fitting. is not free-flowing, it should not be used. Containers should
3. Assembly of pipe and fittings must be made while the be kept covered when not in actual use.
surfaces are still wet and fluid.
4. Joint strength develops as the cement dries. In the tight Solvent cements should be stored at temperatures between 40°
part of the joint the surfaces will fuse together, in the loose F and 110° F and away from heat or open flame. The cements
part the cement will bond to both surfaces. should be used within two years of the date stamped on the
container. Stocks should be constantly rotated to prevent build-
up of old cement inventories. If new cement is subjected to
freezing, it may become extremely thick or gelled. This cement
can be placed in a warm area where, after a period of time, it
will return to its original, usable condition. However, this is not
the case when the cement has gelled due to actual solvent loss;
for example, when the container was left open too long during
use or not sealed properly after use. Cement in this condition
has lost its formulation and should be discarded.
• Using an external heat source to bend CPVC may result
in structural damage to pipe and fittings.
• Always make changes in direction with fittings. Solvent cements are extremely flammable and should not
be used or stored near heat or open flame. They should be

28
 INSTALLATION PROCEDURES
used only with adequate ventilation. In confined or partially
enclosed areas, a ventilating device should be used to remove
3. Clean and Dry
Pipe and Fittings 3
vapors and minimize their inhalation. Containers should be • Remove surface dirt,
kept tightly closed when not in use and covered as much as grease or moisture
possible when in use. Avoid frequent contact with the skin. In with a clean dry
case of eye contact, flush repeatedly with water. Keep out of cloth.
reach of children. • If the wiping fails to
clean the surfaces,
use a compatible
Making the Joint cleaner.

1. Cut Pipe
• Cut the pipe square
with the axis. All
1
joints are sealed 4. Dry Fit
at the base of
the fitting hub.
• With light pressure,
pipe should go one
4
An angled cut half to two thirds
may result in joint of the way into the
failure. fitting hub. Pipe
• Acceptable tools and fittings that
include miter saw, are too tight or too
reciprocation saw, loose should not be
and mechanical used.
cut-off saw with
carbide-tipped blade or wheel-type pipe cutter.
• If any indication of damage or cracking is evident at the
pipe end, cut off at least 2” beyond any visible cracks. 5. Applicator
• Use an applicator that is one half the size of the pipe’s
2. Remove Burrs and diameter. Daubers, natural bristle brushes or swabs are
Bevel
• Remove all pipe
2 recommended. Rollers are not recommended.
• Too large an applicator will force excess cement into the
burrs from inside inside of the fitting. Too small an applicator will not apply
and outside sufficient cement.
diameter of pipe
with a knife edge,
file or de-burring
tool.

Failure to follow safety precautions may result in

misapplication or improper installation and testing which
can cause severe personal injury and / or property damage.
Primers and cements are extremely flammable and may
be explosive. Do not store or use near heat or open
• Chamfer (bevel) the flame, or death or serious injury may occur.
end of the pipe 10° • Solvent fumes created during the joining process are
– 15°. heavier than air and may be trapped in newly installed
piping systems.
• Ignition of the solvent vapors caused by spark or flame
may result in injury or death from explosion or fire.
• Read and obey all manufacturers' warnings and any
instructions pertaining to primers and cements.
• Provide adequate ventilation to reduce fire hazard and
to minimize inhalation of solvent vapors when working
with cements, primers and new piping systems.

29
 INSTALLATION PROCEDURES ChemDrain® Technical Manual

6. Apply Solvent Cement and Primer 7. J o i n P i p e a n d

NOTE: The ChemDrain one-step cement procedure does
not normally require the use of a primer on clean, dry pipe
Fittings
• Assemble pipe and
7
and fittings in sizes 1 ½” to 4”. On 6” and 8” sizes or in fittings quickly
wet, very cold (40°F or less), or very hot (90°F and higher) while cement is
conditions the use of a quality high-strength primer such fluid. If cement has
as IPS Weld-on P70, Oatey “Industrial Grade” or equal is hardened, cut pipe,
recommended to ensure a well-bonded joint. dispose of fitting
and start over.
If using a primer: • While inserting pipe
• Apply primer to the fitting socket by aggressively working it into fitting hub give
into the surface. the pipe a quarter
• Apply primer to the pipe surface to a point ½” beyond the turn which helps
hub depth. Aggressively work the primer into the surface. ensure an even distribution of cement within the joint.
• Apply a second coat of primer to the fitting socket, • Once the pipe contacts the socket bottom hold pipe and
aggressively working it into the surface. fitting together until the pipe does not back out.
• Once the surface is primed remove all puddles of excess • See table on following page for recommended set and cure
primer from the fitting socket. times.

Apply Cement
6
• Remove excess
• Stir or shake the cement from the
cement prior to use. exterior. A properly
• Apply a full even made joint will show
layer of cement to a continuous bead of
the pipe surface to cement around the
a point ½” beyond perimeter. If voids
the hub depth. appear sufficient
Aggressively work cement may not
the cement into the have been applied
surface of the pipe. and joint failure
may result.
• For pipe sizes 6” and larger, two people will be required,
• Without re-dipping a mechanical forcing device should be used and the joint
the applicator in should be held together for up to 3 minutes.
the cement, apply
a thin layer of Applicators
cement to the fitting To properly apply the cement, the correct size and type
socket, aggressively of applicator must be used. There are three basic types of
working it into the applicators:
surface. Daubers — should only be used on pipe sizes 2” and
• Do not allow below, and should have a width equal to 1/2
cement to puddle or the diameter of the pipe.
accumulate inside Brushes — can be used on any diameter pipe, should
the system. always have natural bristles, and should
• Solvent cement have a width equal to at least 1/2 the
should conform to ASTM F 493. All-purpose cement or diameter of the pipe.
cement not clearly marked as intended for CPVC Chemical Swabs — can be used on 4” and larger diameter pipe
Waste Systems is not recommended. and should have a length equal to at least
1/2 the diameter of the pipe.

30
 INSTALLATION PROCEDURES
Applicator Type Flanging CPVC Pipe
For systems where dismantling is required, flanging is a
Nominal Pipe Applicator Type convenient joining method. It is also an easy way to join plastic
Size (in.) Dauber Brush Width (in.) Swab Length (in.) and metallic systems.
11⁄2 A 1 - 11⁄2 NR Installation
2 A 1 - 11⁄2 NR 1. Join the flange to
21⁄2 NR 11⁄2 - 2 NR the pipe using the
3 NR 11⁄2 - 21⁄2 NR procedures shown
4 NR 2 - 3 3 in the solvent
5 NR 3 - 5 3 cementing section
6 NR 3 - 5 3 (pages 29-31).
8 NR 4-6 7
A = Acceptable NR = Not Recommended 2. Use a full faced
elastomeric
Joint Curing gasket which is
The joint should not be disturbed until it has initially set. resistant to the
CAUTION: Do not test the system until the solvent cement chemicals being
joints have fully cured. Follow the recommendations in Testing a conveyed in the piping system. A gasket 1/8” thick with
ChemDrain CPVC System on page 36 of this technical manual. a Durometer, scale “A”, hardness of 55 -80 is normally
The exact curing time varies with temperature, humidity and satisfactory.
pipe size. The following chart shows recommended set and cure
times. 3. Align the flanges
Recommended Set and Cure Time and gasket by
Temperature Initial Set Cure inserting all of the

60° - 100° F 30 min. 1 hr. bolts through the
40° - 60° F 1 hr. 2 hrs. mating flange bolt
0° - 40° F 2 hrs. 4 hrs. holes. Be sure to
*For relative humidity above 60%, allow 50% more cure time. use properly sized
flat washers under
Average Number of Joints Per Quart of Solvent Cement
all bolt heads and
Pipe Diameter (in.) Number of Joints
nuts.

1 ⁄2 90
1

2 60 4. S e q u e n t i a l l y
3 40 tighten the bolts
4 30 corresponding to the following patterns shown.
6 10
8 5 5. Use a torque wrench to tighten the bolts to the torque values
The above data are based on laboratory tests and are intended shown in the following chart.
as guidelines. For more specific information, consult the cement
manufacturer. Recommended Torque
Pipe Size No. Bolt Bolt Recommended
In Inches Holes Diameter Torque ft/lbs
• Exceeding recommended flange bolt torque may result in 11⁄2 4 1⁄2 10 - 15
component damage, system failure and property damage.
• Use the proper bolt tightening sequence as marked on the 2 4 5
⁄8 20 - 30
flange.
• Make sure the system is in proper alignment. 2 ⁄2 4 ⁄8
1 5
20 - 30
• Flanges may not be used to draw piping assemblies
together. 3 4 5
⁄8 20 - 30
• Flat washers must be used under every nut and bolt head.
• Connect to full face flanges or valves that conform to ANSI
4 8 5
⁄8 20 - 30
B16.5 150 pound dimensions and that provide full support 6 8 3
⁄4 33 - 50
under the entire flange face.
• Exceeding recommended pressure rating and/or 8 8 3
⁄4 33 - 50
temperature ratings may result in component damage,
system failure and property damage.
Note: Flanges meet the bolt-pattern requirements of ANSI / ASME B 16.5
• Ensure that thread lubricant is chemically compatible with 1 foot pound = 12 inch pounds
pipe and fittings.
• Piping systems differ in chemical resistance. Pipe or fittings
may be damaged by contact with products containing
incompatible chemicals resulting in system failure and/or
property damage.
• Corrosion resistant bolts, nuts, and flat washers are
recommended in chemical applications.

31
 INSTALLATION PROCEDURES ChemDrain® Technical Manual

Flange Bolt Tightening Sequence • For sizes 1-1/2” through 6”, coupling has two bands.
Take the slack out of the clamp alternately and firmly,
then tighten in the same sequence with a preset torque
wrench to 60 inch-pounds.

Installation of Threaded Connections

1. Make sure the threads are clean. Charlotte Pipe
recommends Teflon* tape as a sealant for threaded
connections. Use a good quality Teflon tape which has
.4 minimum density .003” thick, .50% elongation and
chemically inert. Wrap the Teflon tape around the entire
Connecting CPVC to Other Materials length of the threads; start with two wraps at the end and
Occasionally, it is necessary to connect ChemDrain® CPVC wrap all threads overlapping half the width of the tape.
piping systems to piping systems made of other materials, Wrap in the direction of the threads on each wind.
including steel, cast iron, Durion®, glass and other types of
*Trademark of the E.I. DuPont Company
plastic. In these cases, Charlotte Pipe recommends the use
of ChemDrain Chemical Couplings (known generically as NOTICE: Charlotte does not recommend pipe joint
“hubless joints”). compounds, pastes or lubricants for thermoplastic pipe
as the use of an incompatible compound may result in
ChemDrain Chemical Couplings are designed to provide
the degradation or failure of the plastic pipe or fittings.
flexible, water-tight joints on chemical drainage systems. They
If using one of these compounds as a thread sealant,
consist of a high-performance fluoroelastomer sleeve, an outer
always verify with the manufacturer of those compounds
stainless steel shear ring and two AISI 301 stainless steel
the suitability for use with CPVC.
clamping bands. The fluoroelastomer gasket is resistant to
most chemicals and solvents and features a low compression
set and stress relaxation properties that helps to ensure sealing
performance and longevity. Fluoroelastomer gaskets have
a broad thermal range and provide excellent resistance to
atmospheric oxidation, weathering, sunlight and ozone. Pipe or fittings may be damaged by contact with
products containing incompatible chemicals resulting in
personal injury or property damage.
• Verify that paints, thread sealants, lubricants, plasticized
PVC products, foam insulations, caulks, leak detectors,
insecticides, termiticides, antifreeze solutions, pipe
• Using an external heat source to bend CPVC may result sleeve, firestop materials or other materials are
in structural damage to pipe and fittings. chemically compatible with CPVC.
• Always make changes in direction with fittings. • Do not use edible oils such as Crisco® for lubricant.

Making Joints with ChemDrain Chemical 2. Make threaded connections and hand tighten. Further
tighten approximately one turn past hand tight using a
Couplings strap wrench only. Do not use common wrenches or tools
1. Place the Fluoroelastomer sleeve on the end of the pipe or designed for metallic pipe systems.
fitting, firmly seating the pipe or fitting end against the
integrally molded shoulder inside the sleeve. Next, place
the stainless-steel shield on the other component you’re
joining.
2. Insert the other component you’re joining into the other
Exceeding recommended torque for threaded connections
side of the Fluoroelastomer sealing sleeve, firmly seating may result in component damage, system failure and
the pipe or fitting end against the integrally-molded property damage.
shoulder inside the sleeve.
3. Slide the clamp assembly into position over the
Fluoroelastomer sleeve, and use the following procedures
to tighten the bands to 60 inch-pounds, using a properly
calibrated torque wrench.
32
 INSTALLATION PROCEDURES

External Taper Thread Dimensions

*Per ANSI/AME B1.20.1 and ASTM F 1498

PIPE * EXTERNAL THREAD * INTERNAL THREAD

Nominal Outside Number Normal Length of Total Length: End
Overall Thread Number of
Size In Diameter In of Threads Engagement By Effective Thread of Pipe to Vanish
Internal Length Threads per Inch
Inches Inches Per Inch Hand In Inches In Inches Point In Inches
In Inches Internally
(A) (B) (C)
(D) (E)
1⁄4 .540 18 .228 .4018 .5946 .500 9.00
3⁄8 .675 18 .240 .4078 .6006 .500 9.00
1⁄2 .840 14 .320 .5337 .7815 .640 8.96
3⁄4 1.050 14 .339 .5457 .7935 .650 9.10
1 1.315 111⁄2 .400 .6828 .9845 .810 9.32
11⁄4 1.660 111⁄2 .420 .7068 1.0085 .850 9.78
11⁄2 1.900 111⁄2 .420 .7235 1.0252 .850 9.78
2 2.375 111⁄2 .436 .7565 1.0582 .900 10.35
21⁄2 2.875 8 .682 1.1375 1.5712 1.210 9.68
3 3.500 8 .766 1.2000 1.6337 1.300 10.40
4 4.500 8 .844 1.3000 1.7337 1.380 11.04
6 6.625 8 .958 1.5125 1.9462 1.600 12.80
8 8.625 8 1.063 1.7125 2.1462 1.780 14.24

33
 INSTALLATION PROCEDURES ChemDrain® Technical Manual

Underground Installation 4. A mechanical tamper is recommended for compacting

sand and gravel. These materials contain fine-grains such
Plastic pipe should always be buried in strict accordance with as silt and clay. If a tamper is not available, compacting
the ASTM standard relevant to the type of plastic piping should be done by hand.
system being installed. Those standards are:
5. The trench should be completely filled. The backfill should
ASTM D2321 Standard practice for Underground be placed and spread in uniform layers to prevent any
Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for unfilled spaces or voids. Large rocks, stones, frozen clods,
Sewers and other Gravity-Flow or other large debris should be removed. Stone backfill
Applications shall pass through an 1-1/2” sieve. Rock size should be
ASTM D2774 Standard Practice for Underground about 1/10th of the pipe outside diameter. Heavy tampers
Installation of Thermoplastic Pressure or rolling equipment should only be used to consolidate
Piping the final backfill.

ASTM F1668 Standard Guide for Construction 6. To prevent damage to the pipe and disturbance to pipe
Procedures for Buried Plastic Pipe embedment, a minimum depth of backfill above the pipe
should be maintained. Pipe should always be installed
Note: In addition to these standards, pipe should always be below the frost level. Typically, it is not advisable to
installed in accordance with all local code requirements. allow vehicular traffic or heavy construction equipment
to traverse the pipe trench.
Note: This section is a general reference guide and should not
be considered a complete engineering resource addressing
all aspects of design and installation of pipe in buried
applications. Charlotte Pipe recommends that a design
professional use this manual along with other industry
references, taking into account sub-surface conditions
unique to each project, and that all installations be made in
accordance with the requirements found in ASTM D 2321
and in compliance with applicable code requirements.

Max. Temp. Variation ° F, Between Installation

and Final Operation
Recommendations for underground installation of plastic 10° 20° 30° 40° 50° 60° 70° 80° 90° 100°
drainage pipe: Loop Length
In Feet Loop Offset In Inches
1. The minimum width of the trench should be the pipe OD
20 3.0 3.5 4.5 5.0 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.0 8.0 8.0
(outside diameter) plus 16 inches, or the pipe outside
diameter times 1.25 plus 12 inches. This will allow 50 7.0 9.0 11.0 13.0 14.0 15.5 17.0 18.0 19.0 20.0
adequate room for joining the pipe, snaking the pipe in 100 13.0 18.0 22.0 26.0 29.0 31.5 35.0 37.0 40.0 42.0
the trench to allow for expansion and contraction where
appropriate, and space for backfilling and compaction
of backfill. The space between the pipe and trench wall
must be wider than the compaction equipment used to
compact the backfill.
2. Provide a minimum of 4 inches of firm, stable and
uniform bedding material in the trench bottom. If rock
or unyielding material is encountered, a minimum of 6
inches of bedding shall be used. Blocking should not be
Note: This manual is not a complete engineering reference
used to change pipe grade or to intermittently support
addressing all aspects of design and installation of thermal
pipe over low sections in the trench.
expansion in piping systems. Many excellent references are
3. The pipe should be surrounded with an aggregate material available on this topic. The American Society of Plumbing
which can be easily worked around the sides of the pipe. Engineers (www.ASPE.org) Data Book, Volume 4, 2008
Backfilling should be performed in layers of 6 inches with Chapter 11 is an excellent resource for engineers on designing
each layer being sufficiently compacted to 85% to 95% for thermal expansion.
compaction.
34
 INSTALLATION PROCEDURES
Bedding and Backfilling Additional information is contained in ASTM D 2321
“Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for
1. Even though sub-soil conditions vary widely from place
to place, the pipe backfill should be stable and provide Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications” (non-pressure
protection for the pipe. applications) and in ASTM F 1668 “Construction Procedures
2. The pipe should be surrounded with an aggregate mate- for Buried Plastic Pipe.” ASTM Standards are copywrited
rial which is easily worked around the sides of the pipe. documents and can be purchased from ASTM International:
Backfilling should be performed in layers of 6 inches 100 Barr Harbor Drive West Conshohocken, PA 19428 or
with each layer being sufficiently compacted to 85% to www.astm.org.
95% compaction.
3. A mechanical tamper is recommended for compacting Note: This section is a general reference guide and should not
sand and gravel backfill which contains a significant pro- be considered a complete engineering resource addressing all
portion of fine grained material, such as silt and clay. If aspects of design and installation of pipe in buried applica-
a tamper is not available, compacting should be done by tions. Charlotte Pipe recommends that a design professional
hand. use this manual along with other industry references taking
4. The trench should be completely filled. The backfill into account sub-surface conditions unique to each project
should be placed and spread in uniform layers to prevent and that all installations be made in accordance with the re-
any unfilled spaces or voids. Large rocks, stones, frozen quirements found in ASTM D 2321 and in compliance with
clods or other large debris should be removed. Heavy local code requirements.
tampers or rolling equipment should only be used to con-
solidate the final backfill only.

35
 TESTING AND INSPECTION ChemDrain® Technical Manual

Testing a ChemDrain® CPVC System Hydrostatic Test

It is important to test and inspect all plumbing for leaks before A water or hydrostatic test is the best option for inspecting the
covering the system with drywall or other permanent materials. installation of a completed plastic piping system. It also is the
Charlotte Pipe and Foundry recommends hydrostatic (water) test most often recommended in local plumbing codes.
testing as this is the best option to identify even small leaks
while reducing the risk of injury to installation personnel. The purpose of the test is to locate any leaks in joints and
correct them prior to putting the system into service. Since it
In accordance with PPFA User Bulletin 4-80 and ASTM is important to be able to visually inspect the joints, conduct
D 1785, Charlotte Pipe strenuously discourages air or gas a water test prior to closing off access to interior piping or
testing. WARNING: Pipe and fitting material under air or gas backfilling underground piping.
pressure can explode, causing serious injury or death. Because
Charlotte Pipe has specifically warned against the dangers of To isolate each floor or section being tested, insert test plugs
air or gas testing, it will not be responsible or liable for injury through test tees in the stack. Plug or cap all other openings
or death to persons or damage to property or for claims for with test plugs or test caps. Adequately anchor the piping
labor and/or material arising from any alleged failure of our system to limit movement caused by the thrust forces of water
products during testing with air or compressed gases. under pressure. Provide thrust blocking at changes of direction,
changes of size and dead ends.

From the highest opening, fill the system to be tested with

water. As water fills a vertical pipe, it creates hydrostatic
pressure. The pressure increases as the height of the water
Testing with or use of compressed air or gas in PVC / ABS in the vertical pipe increases. Charlotte Pipe recommends
/ CPVC pipe or fittings can result in explosive failures and testing at 10 feet of hydrostatic pressure (4.3 pounds per
cause severe injury or death. square inch).
• NEVER test with or transport/store
compressed air or gas in PVC / ABS / CPVC Fill the system slowly (flow velocity should not exceed 5 feet
pipe or fittings.
per second) to allow any air in the system to escape as water
• NEVER test PVC / ABS / CPVC pipe or
rises in the pipe. Expel all trapped air from the system before
fittings with compressed air or gas, or air
over water boosters. the test begins. Failure to remove entrapped air may yield
• ONLY use PVC / ABS / CPVC pipe or faulty results.
fittings for water or approved chemicals.
• Refer to warnings on PPFA’s website and WARNING: Trapped air is extremely dangerous and may cause
ASTM D 1785. explosion resulting in death or serious injury; always slowly
and completely vent system prior to testing. To facilitate the
Test CPVC pipe hydrostatically in accordance with applicable removal of trapped air, provide vents at all high points of the
plumbing and building codes. Bleed all air from the lines at piping system. Open all valves and air-relief mechanisms so
the highest point before pressurizing. WARNING: Failure to that the air can be vented while the system is being filled. Once
bleed trapped air may give faulty test results and may result the stack is filled to 10 feet of head, make a visual inspection
in an explosion. of the section being tested.

If a leak is found, cut out the joint and replace it with a

new section. Once a portion of the system has been tested
successfully, drain it to allow the next section to be tested.

Entrapped Air
• Pressure surges associated with entrapped air may
result in serious personal injury, system failure, and
property damage. In any test, proper safety procedures and equipment
• Install air relief valves at the high points in a system to should be used, including personal protective equipment
vent air that accumulates during service. such as protective eyewear and clothing. Installers
• Failure to bleed trapped air may give faulty test results should always consider local conditions, codes and
and may result in an explosion. regulations, manufacturer's installation instructions, and
architects'/engineers' specifications in any installation.

36
 LIMITED WARRANTY
Charlotte Pipe and Foundry Company® (Charlotte Pipe®) 7) The Products fail due to the freezing of water in the
Products are warranted to be free from manufacturing defects Products.
and to conform to currently applicable ASTM standards for a 8) The Products fail due to contact with chemical agents,
period of five (5) years from date of delivery. Buyer’s remedy fire stopping materials, thread sealant, plasticized vinyl
for breach of this warranty is limited to replacement of, or products, or other aggressive chemical agents that are
credit for, the defective product. This warranty excludes any not compatible.
expense for removal or reinstallation of any defective product
and any other incidental, consequential, or punitive damages. 9) Pipe outlets, sound attenuation systems or other devices
This limited warranty is the only warranty made by seller are permanently attached to the surface of Charlotte®
and is expressly in lieu of all other warranties, express PVC, ABS or CPVC products with solvent cement or
and implied, including any warranties of merchantability adhesive glue.
and fitness for a particular purpose. No statement, conduct Charlotte Pipe products are manufactured to the applicable
or description by Charlotte Pipe or its representative, in ASTM or CISPI standard. Charlotte Pipe and Foundry
addition to or beyond this Limited Warranty, shall constitute cannot accept responsibility for the performance, dimensional
a warranty. This Limited Warranty may only be modified in accuracy, or compatibility of pipe, fittings, gaskets, or
writing signed by an officer of Charlotte Pipe. couplings not manufactured or sold by Charlotte Pipe and
This Limited Warranty will not apply if: Foundry.

1) The Products are used for purposes other than their Any Charlotte Pipe products alleged to be defective must be
intended purpose as defined by local plumbing and building made available to Charlotte Pipe at the following address for
codes, and the applicable ASTM standard. verification, inspection and determination of cause:

2) The Products are not installed in good and workmanlike Charlotte Pipe and Foundry Company
manner consistent with normal industry standards; Attention: Technical Services
installed in compliance with the latest instructions 2109 Randolph Road
published by Charlotte Pipe and good plumbing practices; Charlotte, North Carolina 28207
and installed in conformance with all applicable plumbing, Purchaser must obtain a return materials authorization
fire and building code requirements. and instructions for return shipment to Charlotte Pipe of any
3) This limited warranty does not apply when the products product claimed defective or shipped in error.
of Charlotte Pipe are used with the products of other Any Charlotte Pipe product proved to be defective in
manufacturers that do not meet the applicable ASTM or manufacture will be replaced F.O.B. point of original delivery,
CISPI standards or that are not marked in a manner to or credit will be issued, at the discretion of Charlotte Pipe.
indicate the entity that manufactured them. 4/24/15

4) In hubless cast iron installations, this warranty will not

apply if products are joined with unshielded hubless
couplings. Charlotte Pipe requires that its hubless cast
iron pipe and fittings be joined only with shielded hubless
Testing with or use of compressed air or gas in PVC / ABS
couplings manufactured in accordance with CISPI 310, / CPVC / Cast Iron pipe or fittings can result in explosive
ASTM C 1277 and certified by NSF® International or failures and cause severe injury or death.
with Heavy Duty Couplings meeting ASTM C 1540. • NEVER test with or transport/store
5) The Products fail due to defects or deficiencies in design, compressed air or gas in PVC / ABS /
CPVC / Cast Iron pipe or fittings.
engineering, or installation of the piping system of which • NEVER test PVC / ABS / CPVC / Cast
they are a part. Iron pipe or fittings with compressed
air or gas, or air over water boosters.
6) The Products have been the subject of modification;
• ONLY use PVC / ABS / CPVC / Cast Iron
misuse; misapplication; improper maintenance or repair; pipe or fittings for water or approved
damage caused by the fault or negligence of anyone other chemicals.
than Charlotte Pipe; or any other act or event beyond the • Refer to warnings on PPFA’s website
control of Charlotte Pipe. and ASTM D 1785.

PO Box 35430 Charlotte, NC 28235 USA 704/348-6450 800/438-6091 FAX 800/553-1605

www.charlottepipe.com
Charlotte and Charlotte Pipe are registered trademarks of Charlotte Pipe and Foundry Company.

37
 REFERENCE STANDARDS ChemDrain® Technical Manual

REFERENCE STANDARDS FOR CHEMDRAIN

ASTM INTERNATIONAL

ASTM TITLE

ASTM D 635 STANDARD TEST METHOD FOR RATE OF BURNING AND/OR EXTENT AND TIME OF BURNING
OF PLASTICS IN A HORIZONTAL POSITION
SCOPE: THIS FIRE-TEST-RESPONSE TEST METHOD COVERS A SMALL-SCALE LABORATORY
SCREENING PROCEDURE FOR COMPARING THE RELATIVE LINEAR RATE OF BURNING OR
EXTENT AND TIME OF BURNING, OR BOTH, OF PLASTICS IN THE HORIZONTAL POSITION.

ASTM D 1784 SPECIFICATION FOR RIGID POLY (VINYL CHLORIDE) (PVC) COMPOUNDS AND
CHLORINATED POLY (VINYL CHLORIDE) (CPVC) COMPOUNDS
SCOPE: THIS SPECIFICATION COVERS RIGID PVC AND CPVC COMPOUNDS INTENDED FOR
GENERAL PURPOSE USE IN EXTRUDED OR MOLDED FORM.

ASTM F 493 SPECIFICATION FOR SOLVENT CEMENTS FOR CHLORINATED POLY (VINYL CHLORIDE)
(CPVC) PLASTIC PIPE AND FITTINGS
SCOPE: THIS SPECIFICATION PROVIDES REQUIREMENTS FOR CPVC SOLVENT CEMENT TO BE
USED IN JOINING CPVC PIPE AND SOCKET TYPE FITTINGS.

ASTM F 2618 SPECIFICATON FOR CHLORINATED POLY (VINYL CHLORIDE) CPVC PLASTIC CHEMICAL
WASTE DRAINAGE SYSTEM
SCOPE: THIS SPECIFICATION COVERS REQUIREMENTS FOR (CPVC) PLASTIC CHEMICAL WASTE
DRAINAGE SYSTEM PIPE AND FITTINGS AND INTENDED FOR SERVICE UP TO AND
INCLUDING 220 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT.

NSF INTERNATIONAL

NSF / ANSI T
ITLE

NSF 14 PLASTICS PIPING SYSTEM COMPONENTS AND RELATED MATERIALS

SCOPE: THIS STANDARD ESTABLISHES MINIMUM PHYSICAL, PERFORMANCE, HEALTH EFFECTS,
QUALITY ASSURANCE, MARKING AND RECORD-KEEPING REQUIREMENTS FOR PLASTIC
PIPING COMPONENTS AND RELATED MATERIALS. THE ESTABLISHED PHYSICAL,
PERFORMANCE AND HEALTH EFFECTS REQUIREMENTS APPLY TO MATERIALS (RESIN
OR BLENDED COMPOUNDS) AND INGREDIENTS USED TO MANUFACTURE PLASTIC PIPING
SYSTEM COMPONENTS.

UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES

UL TITLE

UL 94 FLAMMABILITY TESTING
SCOPE: THIS TEST INDICATES THAT THE MATERIAL WAS TESTED IN A VERTICAL POSITION AND
SELF-EXTINGUISHED WITHIN A SPECIFIED TIME AFTER THE IGNITION SOURCE WAS
REMOVED.

38
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39
PO BOX 35430
CHARLOTTE
NORTH CAROLINA 28235
PHONE (704) 348-6450
(800) 438-6091
FAX (800) 553-1605
LITERATURE BY FAX (800) 745-9382
WWW.CHARLOTTEPIPE.COM

All products manufactured by

Charlotte Pipe and Foundry Company
are proudly made in the U.S.A.