BEMCO STEEL INDUSTRIES CO. LTD.

DESIGN CALCULATIONS

CLIENT
PROJECT
JOB NO.
FIELD FABRICATED, VERTICAL TANK, FLAT BOTTOM,
TANK DESCRIPTIO SUPPORTED CONE ROOF WITH CENTRAL COLUMN.and
2 -GIRDER RING
ITEM NO
Rev. Description Prepared ReviewedApproved Date
0 Mechanical Calculation H.M H.M M.B 25/2/2013

1- FOR INFORMATION ONLY

2- FOR APPROVAL
3- FOR CONSTRUCTION
 BSI. Ref.Decuments
API 650 ,11TH.ED
32-SMASS-005
1 EVALUATION OF MATERIAL API650 -5.6.2 Tabel5-2a
2 EVALUATION OF SHELL THK. API650 -Clause 5.6.3.2
3 EVALUATION OFBOTTOM PLATE API650 -Clause 5.5
4 EVALUATION OFBOTTOM SKETCAPI650 - Clause 5.4
5 EVALUATION OF ROOF THICKNEAPI650- Clause5.10.4 & 5.10.5
6 STABILITY CHECK AGAINST WIN API650 - Clause 5.9.7.1
7 SHELL TRANSFORMER API650- Clause 5.9.7.2
8 WIND GIRDER STIFFENING API650- Clause5.9.5
9 OVERTURNING MOMENT AGAINSAPI650-Clause 5.11.1
WIND LOAD
10 UNANCHORED TANKS STABILITYAPI 650 -5.11.2
11 STABILITY CHECK SEISMIC API650-APPENDIX E
12 VENT SIZE CALC. API650-Clause -API2000
13 REINF. AROUND OPENING API650-Clause5.7
 STORAGE TANK DESIGN CALCULATION - API 650

1 .0 DESIGN CODE & SPECIFICATION

DESIGN CODE : API 650 11th Edition & 32-SAMS-05
SEISMIC CODE : UBC 97
VENTING CODE : API 2000

1 .1 TANK
Item number : 0
Roof ( Open/Close ) : Close
Type of roof ( Cone-roof / Dome-roof / Flat-roof / NA ) : Fixed cone w/col,s
Roof slop 1 : 6
Inside diameter , Di (corr. diameter38203.2 )mm = 38,200 mm
Nominal diameter, Dn = 38,212 mm
Tank height ,H = 9,144 mm
Free Board = 604 mm
Specific gravity of operating liquid , S.G. (Design) = 0.900
Maximum design liquid level, HHL = 8,540 mm
Min.Design Liquid level ,LLL = 250 mm
Insulation thickness = 50 mm
Bottom Slope 1 : 120
Depth of liquid outside level indicator scale = = 159 mm
12 LOADS
Wind Speed (Fatest mile wind speed ) = 145 kmph
Max.Design Wind Speed (3 seconds gust Wind ) = 145 kmph
Live Load , @ LL = 120 kg/m2
Rain Rates @ Misc.loads = 20 mm/hr

13 SEISMIC (UBC)
Tank Location (Elmadina)
Zone Factor = 0.75
Importance Factor = 1.3
Site coefficient = 1.5
Site Class = D

14 TEMPREATURE & PRESSURE

Design pressure : Upper , Pu (Atmospheric) = 20.68 mbarg
: Lower , Pl (Vac = 2.50 mbarg

Design temperature : Upper , Tu = 85 °C

Min.Metal Temperature :MDMT = 8 °C
Operating Temperature : Top. = 85 °C

15 PUMPING RATE
Pumping in = 1500 m³/hr
pumping out = 1500 m³/hr

16 CAPACITYS
Nominal capacity , V = 10,480 m³
Net capacity (based on LLL) = 9,501 m³
Operating Capacity (based on Operating level only) = 9,788 m³
Under Reading Level indicator Capacity = 124 m³
17 MATERIAL & MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

Component Material Tensile Yield Corrosion

Stress Stress Allowance
St(N/mm²) Sy(N/mm²) c.a.(mm)
PLATE
Shell Plate ( Mat'l Code # 1 ) (bot) ASTM A516 Gr60 485.00 260.00 1.600
( Mat'l Code # 2 ) (top) ASTM A516 Gr60 485.00 260.00 1.600
Annular Plate ASTM A516 Gr60 485.00 260.00 1.600
Bottom Plate ASTM A516 Gr60 485.00 260.00 1.600
Roof Plate ASTM A516 Gr60 485.00 260.00 0.000
STRUCTURE MEMBERS
Roof structure (rafter,bracing,etc ) ASTM A36 485.00 260.00 1.60
STRUCTURE COLUMS A106 GR B 485.00 260.00 1.60
Top Curb Angle ASTM A516 Gr60 485.00 260.00 1.60
Intermediate Wind Girder ASTM A516 Gr60 485.00 260.00 1.60

Flanges ASTM A105

Handrails ASTM A 53 GR B Type E
Nozzle Bolts ASTM A 193GR B7 /A194 GR 2H H.D.G or Equial
Structure Bolts A307 / A 325M type 1 H.D.G
Material Plates Spec,s Steel Plates as Rolled Killed or Semi-killed steel
Pipes ASTM 106 GR B
Heater coils SS316L
Notice : as per API650 clause 2.2.2 -Max. plate thickness for plates A283 GR C = 25mm

18 STEEL PLATESPROPERTIES

1) Material HIC NO
2) Material Impact test NO
3) Material PWHC NO
4) Material ARAMCO APPROVED NO
5) Material PMI NO
 SHELL THICKNESS CALCULATION BY ONE-FOOT METHOD
2 .0 SHELL DESIGN
2 .1 GEOMETRIC DATA
Plate size used : 2,480 mm
Shell plate min. width as per API 650 : 1,870 mm

2 .2 MATERIAL & MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

No Material Specified Specified Yield stress Max. allow Max. allow Corrosion
used min. tensile min. yield reduction fac design hydro.test allowance
stress stress ( App. M ) stress stress
St (N/mm²) Sy (Nmm²) k Sd (N/mm²) St (N/mm²) c.a (mm)
1 ASTM A516 Gr60 485.00 260.00 1.000 173 195.00 1.60
2 ASTM A516 Gr60 485.00 260.00 1.000 173 195.00 1.60
3 ASTM A516 Gr60 485.00 260.00 1.000 173 195.00 1.60
4 ASTM A516 Gr60 485.00 260.00 1.000 173 195.00 1.60
5 - - - - - - -
6 - - - - - - -
7 - - - - - - -
8 - - - - - - -
9 - - - - - - -
- - - - - - -
- - - - - - -
- - - - - - -
2 .3 SPECIFIED MINIMUM SHELL THICKNESS
Specification API 650 11th Edition & 32-SAMS-05 :
Minimum thickness as per API 650 cl 5.6.1.1 = 8.00 mm
Minimum thickness provided = 8.00 mm
2 .4 SHELL THICKNESS CALCULATION BY ONE-FOOT METHOD ( CLAUSE 5.6.3.1 )

SI METRIC UNIT :-
Design shell thickness, ( in mm )
4.9Dn ( [H+Hi] - 0.3 ).G
td = + c.a
Sd
Hydrostatic test shell thickness , ( in mm )
4.9Dn ( H - 0.3 )
tt =
St
Gravitational force = 9.81 m/s

2 .5 CALCULATION & RESULTS

No. Mat'l Material Width t.design t.hydro. t.min tsc. Result

Code No. (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1 ASTM A516 Gr60 2,480 9.84 7.92 9.84 12.00 O.K.
2 1 ASTM A516 Gr60 2,480 7.42 5.53 8.00 10.00 O.K.
3 1 ASTM A516 Gr60 2,204 5.00 3.15 8.00 10.00 O.K.
4 1 ASTM A516 Gr60 1,980 2.85 1.03 8.00 10.00 O.K.

TOTAL COURSES HEIGHT 9.1440 m

SHELL HEIGHT 9.1440 m Shell height ok
 2 6 ROOF HANDRAILS
(i) Roof Handrails calculations
Handrail average dia 38.224 m Pipes 48mm-sch 40
Average distance -X = 1m x
No.of Pipes 96 Pipe - length =1200mm
W,t of post pipes 461.1 kg
Weight of cir.pipes 960.67 kg
Weight of Flat Bars 565.59676 kg
Total Weight of Roof Handrails 1,987.39 ton

(ii) Stair Calculations

height 9.144 m
inclined angle 41 deg.
step 195 mm
width of tread 245 mm
No.of tread 47
total weight of tread 469 kg
Flat Bars 437.65 kg
No.of Plat,grating 2
Platforms and grating 252.36587 kg
W,t of pipes if duble handrails 223.0043236 kg
Total weight of stair 1381.94 kg 1,381.94 ton Stair length 13.94 m
###
(iii) Platforms Y
Platforms Claculations
Width of platform = 750 mm
We select grating type 32x5 mm
Unit w,t of Grating = 48.8 kg/m^2
total length of platform = 120 m
Supportes channels-UPN 160 = 1,355 Kg

Total weight of platforms= 5860.11079 kg

Platform Skech
 BOTTOM & ANNULAR PLATE DESIGN
3 .0 BOTTOM PLATE & ANNULAR PLATE DESIGN
Annular plate used ? ( yes/no ) : YES
BOTTOM PLATE
(i) Minimum thickness as per API 650 Clause 5.4.1 = 6.00 mm
Minimum thickness required ( 1.60 mm c.a ) = 7.60 mm
Therefore, use thickness of 8.00 mm (tb) is satisfactory.

(iii) Min. width of overlapping (cl. 5.1.3.5) = 25 mm

(iv) Min. width of plate (cl. 5.4.1) = 1800 mm
(v) Min. width projected outside of shell (cl. 3.4.2) = 50 mm
ANNULAR PLATE
(i) Nominal thickness of 1st shell course, tsc1 = 12.00 mm
Hydro. test stress in 1st shell course,
4.9Dn(H-0.3) = 137.99 N/mm²
St = tsc1
where
Dn = Nominal diameter, Dn ( new ) ( based on 1st shell course ) = 38.212 m
H = Design liquid level = 9.144 m
tsc1 = Nominal thickness of 1st shell course = 12.000 mm
Annular plate thickness ( As per Table 5-1a ) = 6.00 mm
Minimum thickness required ( 1.60 mm c.a. ) = 7.60 mm
Therefore , use thickness of 12.00 mm (ta) is satisfactory.
(ii) Min. shell-to-bottom fillet welds size (cl. 5.1.5.7) = 12.00 mm
(iii) Min. width projected inside of shell to edge of overlapping (cl. 5.5.2) = 600 mm
(iv) Min. radial width of annular plate (cl. 5.5.2)
215 ta
La = = 930.61 mm
(HL. SG )0.5
where
ta = Annular plate thickness = 12.000 mm
HL = Maximum design liquid level = 8.54 m
SG = Design specific gravity = 0.90
(v) Min. width projected outside of shell ( cl. 5.5.2)(50 mm) = 50 mm
AW1, Width projected inside of shell to edge of overlapping = 600 mm
AW2,Width projected outside of shell = 70 mm
tsc1 Nominal thickness of 1st shell course = 12.000 mm
Width of Annular Ring Max.{ (AW1+AW2+tsc1) & La} = 931 mm
Width of Annular Ring provided = 1100 mm
Annular Ring outside diameter = 38294 mm
Annular Ring inside diameter = 37194 mm
Outer Diameter of Bottom Plates = 37244 mm
4 .0 CALCULATION ROOF COMPRSSION RING AGAINST INTERNAL PRESSURE
(APPENDIX-F CALCULATIONS)
Tank diameter = 38.2 m
Tank Weight = 3,402,374 N
as per F.1.2 .Internal Pressure X Cross sec.Area of Tank = ### N
Internal Pressure Uplift > Total Tank weight
4 .1 COMPRESSION ZONE AREA AGAINST INTERNAL PRESSURE AS PER APPENDIX -F
4 1.1 Compression area as per API 650 clause F4.1
Areq. =D2 (Pi-0.08th)/ 1.1 tan ϴ = 4,136 mm2
Where : Internal Pressure Pi = 1.00 Kpa
Roof thickness th = 6.00 mm

4 1.2 Compression area avaialble

As per API 650 Fig.2 -Detail b
Curb Angle size in mm L 150 X 150 X 15
Area of Curb angle AC = 4275 mm2
ta =thickness of angle leg ta = 15.00 mm
tb=thickness of bar tb = 15.00 mm
tc=thickness of roof Plates tc = 6.00 mm
ts=thickness of top course of shell ts = 8.00 mm
Wc=Max.width of participating shell
Wc = 0.6(Rc ts ) 0.5 Wc = 234.54 mm
Wh =Max. width of participating roof
Wh 0.3 (R2 th )0.5 of 300mm Where is Less Wh = 250.38 mm
Rc =inside radius of tank shell Rc = 19100.00 mm
R2 =Length of the normal to the Roof ,measured from the vertical centerline of the tank
R2 =RC/(sin ϴ) R2 = 116093.09 mm
Total Area available =(Wh xth)+(Wc*ts)+Curb angl Aava. = 7653.58 mm2
compression area >>ok

Detail -b

Girder stiffened as per clause 5.9.5

at distance 3600 mm & No.of stiffeners = 33 stiffener
Wind Girder Weight @Stiffeners = 4102.08 kg
5 .0 INTERMEDIATE WIND GIRDERS DESIGN
5 .1 MAXIMUM HEIGHT OF THE UNSTIFFENED SHELL ( CLAUSE 5.9.7.1 )

SI METRIC UNIT :-

H1 = (9.47 ts.cor) ts.cor 3

190 ² = 5.060 m
x
Dc V = 5060 mm

wher ts.cor = Top shell course thickness = 6.40 mm

Dc = Corroded tank diameter = 38.20 m
V = Wind design speed = 145.00 km/hr

5 .2 LOCATION OF INTERMEDIATE WIND GIRDERS

Shell Shell Actual Transposed Since H1 > H2, therefore the intermediate
course thickness width width wind girder is/are Not required
tsc.cor W Wtr
(mm) (mm) (mm) Minimum number of intermediate wind
1 10.40 2,480 737 girders required,
2 8.40 2,480 1,257 = 0
3 8.40 2,204 1,117
4 8.40 1,980 1,003 Location of intermediate wind girders from
top of tank,
L1 = - mm
L2 = - mm
L3 = - mm
L4 = - mm
L5 = - mm

transformed shell, 4,113 mm

Notes : Intermediate wind girders shall not

be attached to the shell within 6"of
a horizontal shell joint. See cl. 5.9.7.5
5 .3 SIZE OF INTERMEDIATE WIND GIRDENOT APPLICABLE

(a) Required minimum section modulus of intermediate wind girder ( clause 5.9.7.6 )
SI METRIC UNIT :-

Z.min = Dc². H1 V 2 = 0.000 cm³

17 190 = 0 mm³
where
Dc =Corroded tank diameter = 38.203 m
H1 = Vertical dist. between inter. wind girder & top angl = 0m
V = Wind design speed = 145.00 km/hr

(b) Available section modulus for intermediate wind girder

Fabricated L- Girder : L 200 x 200*20
Web plate length, L2 = 200 mm
Toe plate length, L3 = 200 mm
Web plate thk, t2 = 20 mm
Toe plate thk, t3 = 20 mm
Min. shell thickness where top wind girder located, tsc.cor = 8.40 mm

tsc.cor = 8.40 mm

D= 38214 mm

20 mm 200 mm
X
C1
20 2

L1=16.tsc.cor = 134 mm
200 m
m 3

1
X

A Y AY h A.h² I = (bd³)/12
(mm²) (mm) (mm³) (mm) (mm4) (mm4)
1 2257.92 4.20 9483.264 4.2 39829.7088 13,277
2 4000 108.4 433600 108.4 47002240 13333333.33
3 4,000 218.40 873,600 90.04 32,430,446 133,333
TOTAL 10,258 1,316,683 79,472,516 13,479,943
Neutral axis of combined section, C1 = 128 mm
Moment of inertia of section , Ix-x = 92,952,459 mm4
Section modulus available, Za = 724,167 mm³
Since Za > Zmin , therefore the angle size selected is satisfactory.
Girder stiffened as per clause 5.9 NO
at distance 4800 mm & No.of stiffeners = 25 stiffener
Wind Girder Weight @Stiffen= 9926 kg
Clean Out Door Calculations
Clean Out Door Size 36 in 48 in
1 )- Claculations of shell reinforced plate
As per clause 5.7.7.4 required cross -section area of the reinforcement
Over the top of the opening
Acs <=K1*h*t/2 6364.8
where
Acs =cross-sectional area of the reinforcement over the top of the opening ,in mm^2
k1= area of coefficient from fig. 1.36
h =Vertical height of Clear Opening ,in mm 900 mm
b=horizontal width of clear opening ,in mm 1200 mm
t= Calculated thickness of the lowst shell course exclusive of any corr. All. 10.40 mm
computing for vertical axis in fig. 0.5
(H+8.8)D+71.5 123 t
1.408 h 4.9D (H-0.3) 0.5
Where
H= Max.design liquid level 9m
D= Nominal tank diameter 38 m
G=sp. gravity not less than 0.90
Unite scale horiz.=0.004
therefore
Value of K1 from FIG .5-11 1.36
Min.Cross -Sectional area ,Acs 6364.8 mm^2
as per clause 3.7.7.5 max .height of reinf 1350 mm
Dimension of reinforcing plate (RF) Provided
Ap =tpx(L-h)
Where tp=thickness of RF plate = 16.00 mm
L=hieght of RF Plate = 1350 mm
h=height of clear opening = 900 mm
Ap 7200 mm^2 safe area
Calculation of bottom reinforcing plate
As per clause 5.7.7.6 required min.thickness of bottom reinforcing plate
tb =( h^2/360000)+( b/170)*sqrt(HG) 22.5 mm
Provide thickness 24.0 mm
Clean Out Door Wight Clean Out Door Weight 7,906 kg
8,0 ROOF Design
8,1 EVALUATION OF ROOF THICKNESS
(i) Tank
Tank Raduis = 19 m
Roof slop 1 : 6
Roof thickness = 6.00 mm
Center column Cap diameter ,Dcap = 2100 mm
RRoof slope, ß° = 9.4695343 °
Roof height , Hr = 3,187 mm
Insulation thickness, ti = 50 mm
Momen arm of uplift Wind force on Roof =OD/2 = 9.55 m
Plan proj.area of Roof for wind Moment = π* R 2 = 286.5211 mm²
(ii) No.of Rafters = 70 Nos.
Max spacing bet,n rafters ,L =Tank primeter / No.of R = 1714.41 mm
Max spacing between rafter as per clause 5.10.4.4 = 1916.38 mm Safe
Min.thk.of Roof Plates as per 5.10.2.2 = 4.78 mm
Min.thk.of Roof Plates including corrosion = 4.78 mm
(iii) Roof Loads per appendix R
* Dead Load DL = 104.10 kg/m2 = 21.332 psf
* Vaccum PE = 25.49 kg/m2 = 5.22396 psf
* Live Load LL = 123.00 kg/m2 = 25.2049 psf
* Wind Load WL = 8 kg/m2 = 1.59825 psf
* Internal Pressure
PI ,DL4 = 210.87727 kg/m2 = 43.2126 psf
Loads combinations
### DL+PE+LL 252.59 Kg/m2 51.7608 psf
### DL+PI+WL 114.58 Kg/m2 23.4788 psf
### DL+PI+WL+LL 8.42 Kg/m2 1.72608 psf
### DL+LL+PI 16.22 Kg/m2 3.32433 psf
### DL+LL+PE 252.59 Kg/m2 51.7608 psf
### Misc. 20% 50.52 Kg/m2 10.3522 psf
### Max.load 303.11 Kg/m2 62.113 psf

Max. bending moment assumed simply supported from one side and continous from other side
M= UT*L2/10 = 8909.08 Kg.cm/m
As per 5.10.3.1 .stress should not exceed limitations specified in AISC
Fa =0.75 Fy = 1988.4462 Kg/cm2
Req.Plate thickness of Roof ,tr =(6*M /(B*Fb))0.5= 5.1848368 mm
where i
* Plate width B = 100 cm
* Corrosion allowance = 0.00 mm
Min.thickness including corrosion allowance = 5.2 mm
Provided thickness of Roof Plates = 6.0 mm
(iv) ROOF PLATES JOINTS& WIGHT

Roof Plates Joint Efficiency (Lap joint) E= 0.35

Roof Radius devlopmen RD = 19.36 m
Weight of Roof Plates New = 56,869.47 kg
Weight of Roof Plates corroded Wc = 56,869.47 kg
7.2 ROOF STRUCTURE DESIGN
Assumptions
1. Considering the effect of slope of roof negligible.
2. Load acting on the main & secondary rafters is considered uniformly distributed.
3. Assuming the effect of eccentricity loading on the center column negligible.

Tributary area of sec.rafters

IPE 360 35 nos.

Tributary area of main Raf.

Roof framing fig. IPE 500 35 nos.
I.D. = 38.20 m

DR =Ring Rafter
19.1 m
Center Col. UPN 200
Pipe 36 "ØSCH 40 35 nos.

No. of Rafters
Diameter of the tank, in m (D) = 38.21 m
Diameter of the ring, in m (DR) = 19.11 m
Total no. of rafters on the circumference of the shell, (nM+nS) = 70.00 Nos
Provided rafter center line spacing, in m = 1.715 m <= 1.916 m O.K.

(i) Sizing of Secondary Rafters

Span L = 9.68 m
Spacing at shell = Л *D/(ns+nM) S = 1.715 m
Spacing at ring Sr = 0.857 m
Average uniform distributed load = wunif. * (S+Sr)*UT/ = 390 kg/m
Using 35 Nos IPE 360
Self weight = 57.1 kg/m
Beam flange Depth = 360 mm
Total uniform load acting on the beam including self weight, ws
ws = 447 kg/m
Sectional modulus Z = 713.16 cm³
Moment of Inertia Ix = 12836.91 cm4
As per AISC for uniformly distributed load
Maximum bending moment acting on the beam M = ws*L²/8 5240.62 = kg-m
Allowable bending stress of A36 = 0.66Fy ,= 173 Mpa
fall. = 1177 kg/cm2
 Modulus of Elasticity E = 200000 Mpa
Max.Bending stress , fb.max. = M/Z = 734.84 kg/cm2 Safe
Sectional modulus req., in cm³ Z = M*100/f all. = 445.19 cm³ > 713.16 cm³Safe
Use 35 NOS. IPE 360 As secondary rafters.
Beam deflection = 5*ws*L4 / (384*E*Ix) = 1.899 cm Actual
Max.Deflection Allowable = L/360 = 2.690 cm Accepted

(ii) Sizing of Ring Rafters

Span L = 1.715 m
Use 35 NOS. UPN 200 As ring rafters.
Flange Depth = 160 mm
Self weight wr = 25.3 kg/m
Sectional modulus Z = 200.15 cm³
Moment of Inertia Ix = 2001.52 cm4
Total concentrated load P = 2164.43 kg
Max. bending moment acting on the beam . P*L/4
M +Wr *L2 / 8= 937.28 kg-m

yield strenght for A36 structural material, Fy = 5240.62 Mpa

Sectional modulus req., in cm³ Z = M*100/f.all = 79.62 cm³ < 200.152 cm³Safe

Max.Bending stress = 45.9 Mpa Safe

Deflection = P*L3/ 48*E*Ix + 5*wr*L4 / (384*E*Ix) 0.055
= cm
Max.Deflection Allowabel =L/360 = 0.476 cm Accepted
(iii) Sizing of Main Rafters
Cent.col.cap.Dia. = 2.34 m
span L = 17.936 m
Use 35 NOS. IPE 500 As main rafters.
Beam Flange Depth = 500 mm
Self weight wr = 90.7 kg/m

Sectional modulus Z = 1841.46 cm³

Moment of Inertia Ix = 46036.55 cm4
Spacing at shell S = 1.715 m
Spacing at Cap of column Sc 0.1884956 m
Triangular load acting on the beam wt = UT * = 519.82 kg/m
Concentrated load from ring rafters (at mid span) = P + self wgt of ring = 2207.82 kg
Maximum bending moment acting on the beam
M = 0.064 *Wt*L2 + P*L / 4 + wm*L2/ 8= 24249.66 kg-m
Minimum yield for A36 structural material, Fy = 260.00 Mpa
Allowable bending stress of A36 = 0.66Fy = 173.16 Mpa = 1765.74 kg/cm2
Sectional modulus required, in cm³ ,Z = M*100/f= 1373 cm³ < 1841.46 cm³ok
Max.Bending stress , fb = = 129.14 Mpa < 173.16 Mpaok
Beam deflection
0.00652*wt*L4/E.Ix +P*L3/ 48*E*Ix + 5*wm*L4 / (384*E*Ix) = 7.693 cm
Max.deflection allowable =L/360 > 4.982 cm
Acceptable
Lateral Bracing
at 4.775 m L60X60X5 w/m 4.6 kg/m
@
at 14.325 m L60X60X5 w/m= 4.6 kg/m Total w,t= 689.1246 kg
(iv) Sizing of Center Column
Col.Corrosion = 1.5 mm
Roof slope 9.47 degree
length of center column, Lc = 12.33 m
Load acting on the column (DL+ LL) = 212602 kg
Total load acting on the column = 212,602 kg
Assumed Size of the Column Pipe 36 "ØSCH 40
self weight = 421.00 kg/m
outer diameter, Do = 914.0 mm
inside diameter, Di = 876.0 mm
wall thickness, t = 17.5 mm
radius of gyration, r = 316.5 mm
Effective area of cross section , A = 534.2 cm²

Total compressive load acting on the column including self weig = 217793 kgs
As per AISC, Slenderness ratio,K L/r, max = 18 = 39.0 < 180 O.K.
Fy = Yield stress of the pipe column = 1177 kg/cm²
= 115 Mpa
Calculations Max. allowable stress for Central Column
P=total Roof Load Supported by column = 212602 kg
Fa =Allowable Compressive Stress (per API -650 5.10.3.4 )
Per API 650 5.10.3.3
As per AISC, Slenderness ratio,K =L/r, max = 180
Raduis of Gyration of Column required = 68.504473 mm
Raduis of Gyration of Column = 316.50 mm >>>>>>>>Accepted
Cc = Column Selenderness Ratio = SQRT (2 ∏^2 x E / Fy )
Where :
E=Modulus of Elasticity for Column material at design tempreature = 199000 Mpa
Fy= Yield stress for cloumns material at design tempreature = 115 Mpa
Selendreness Ratio ,K = 38.959695
Cc = 184.5
Fs = Factor Saf5/3 + 3 * k /(8*(Cc))-k ^3/(8*(Cc)^3) = 1.7
Using AISC specification Formulas Section E 2 , let K=1
k = 39.0 Since KL/r < Cc : Equation (1)>>>Applicable
F =Actual induced Stress for the Column =(P + Column self weight) / A
Fa =(([1-K 2/ (2*Cc^2) ]* FY) / F.S) = 64.7 Mpa--------------(1)
Fa =(12 π 2*E ) / ( 23 * K ^2) = 675.1 Mpa--------------(2)
F = 40.0 Mpa >>>>>Safe
Using Central CPipe 36 "ØSCH 40 Safe

Sizing of Col.Cap
Cap Diameter 2m
Stiffeners of Cap 713 mm X 356.5 x 15 mm
Top Beams w,t = 7.968 kg
Weight of Cap = 1860.4982 kg
(v) Sizing of Center Column Base Plate
Maximum load on the column = 217793 kgs
Considering center column is resting on concrete foundation
Ultimate strength of concrete (28 day) = 300 kg/cm²
Allowable compressive strength, fc = 90 kg/cm²
Using base plate 1014 X 1014 X ###mm
Actual bearing perssure on concrete = Load / ba = 26.98 kg/cm² < 90
Outside diameter of the column = 914 mm Safe
Overhanging of the base plate, = 5 cm
Considering section of unit width, = 1 cm
Maximum bending moment , M =b.w.L2 / 2= 337.29 kg.cm

As per Table 6 for column base plate under class 2 material

allowable bending stress, f = 165.4 Mpa = 1686.2 kg/cm²
Thickness of the base plate req.,t = sqrt( 6M/b* = 10.96 mm
Thickness provided = 20 mm Safe
Base Plate Wight = 126.78429 kg
CURB ANGLE *

As per Sec. 3.5.3

A tension or compression ring is often required to resist
the circumferential forces generated by the discontinous membrane forces.
S = F / (AL + 0.78 (Rt)0.5)
Provided size of curb angle L 150 x 150 x 15 mm

AL =provided area of curb angle = 4,275.0 mm2

= 6.62626325 in2

Self Weight = 33.6 kg/m

Live Load ,LL = 25 psf

Total loads = 62.1130088 psf

Ap =participating area of the shell 0.78 (Rt) 0.5 = 19.4 in²

Ø =angle between horizontal and roof = 9.5 °

F =dead load + live load on the curb angle = 145,896.9 lb

R = radius of exterior surface of the shell = 1,575.8 in

t =thickness of the top shell course = 0.4 in

S =actual stress at the curb angle = 5,599.7 psi

Sa=allo. stress for tension and compression rings (table 4 and 5) = 15,000.0 psi

Safe
Cap = 1,860.5 kg
Col. = 5,191.3 kg
BasePlate+Guide angles = 187.8 kg
Rafters = 77,811.8 kg
Connections = 945.1 kg
Bracing = 689.1 kg
PLATES = 56,869.5 kg
Total w,t = ### kg
11 HEATING COIL Reff. Pressure Vessel Manual,procedure 6-8 & ASME

Heater Sketch as per Data sheet

Coil Development Length 436 m

4 group coils each group 109 m
Average Pipe Length 12 m
Total pipes 36 pipe
Heater w,t 15,816 kg
Pipe supportes approx. 7000 kg
Total w,t 22,816 kg
 ` Product
Product in

1.0
Stem in

Condensate
Steam Coil Data
1.1 Operating Pressure 4 ata
1.2 Pressure at inlet of Coil heater 4 ata
1.3 Steam temp.at design pressure of coil 168 0
C

1.4 Design Pressure 4 ata

1.5 Latent heat at inlet pressure,hfg 509.43 Kcal/kg ( Note-1)
2 Asphalt Data
2.1 type FUEL OIL
2.2 Density at low temp. ,D1 950 kg/m3
2.3 Specific Heat ,Cp1H 0.48 K cal/Kg 0C ( Note-2)
2.4 initial Temp., (Minim.Ambient Air Temp.),,T1 5 0
C
2.5 Final Temp.(Fuell Temp.to be maintained) ,T2H 110 0
C
2.6 Average Temp. ...,Tav = (T1+T2H) / 2 57.5 0
C
3 Tank insulation Material
3.1 Type LRB Mineral Wool (IS8183)
3.2 Density of the material 100 kg/m3
3.3 Cladding Material Aluminium ,22 SWG
4 Process Requirment Data
4.1 Volume of Liquid to be Heated ,V 2219.65 m3
4.2 Heating time ,Ht 72 hr ( Note-3)
4.3 Mass of Liquid to be Heated ,M1H =V*D1 2,108,668 m3
5 Heat Thermal Load Calculations
5.1 Temp. difference during intial heating of Fuel ,Dt =T2H- T1 105 0
C
5.2 Heat Load For intial Heating of Product,Q1=M1H*Cp1H*Dt/Ht 1476067.25 Kcal/hr
6 Heat Loss through Tank Shell ,Bottom, Roof During Intial Stage
6.1 Heat Loss through Tank Shell for Product if Tank Fully insulated
a Tank , D(Tank inner Dia.) 16 m
b Tank , h(Tank height ) 12 m
c Average thickness of tank shell without insulation t s 7 mm
d Average thickness insulation , t in 40 mm
e Outer Dia.of Tank shell without Insulation, Ds 16.0140 m
f Outer Diameter Of Insulation ,Din 16.0940 m
g Thermal conductivity of insulation ,Ki 0.043 W/cm 0C ( Note-4)
H Thermal conductivity of insulation ,Ki 0.0369800 kcal/hr m 0C
I Film Co-efficient, (Refer calc. at end),f 6.1774 kcal/hr m2 0C
J Average Temp.difference during intial heating of Fuel
K ∆Tav.= T2H-Tav. 52.5 0
C
L Rate of heat Loss through Tank Shell,QL
M qL =∆Tav./ [ ( Ds /2ki) * ln (Din/Ds) + (Ds/ f * Din) ] 42.3370870445144 kcal/hr m2 ( Note-5)
N Shell surface area ,As 603.713577055043 m2
S Heat Loss through Tank Shell ,Q2 =(qL*As) 25559.4742617345 kcal/hr
6.2 Heat Loss through Roof of Tank (insulated)
a Insulation Thickness Considered ,tr 40 mm
b Thermal Conductivity of the insulation,Ki 0.0369800 kcal/hr m 0C
c Film Co-efficient,(Refer
f calc. at end) 6.1774 kcal/hr m2 0C
d Average Temp.for heat loss during intial heating , Tav. 57.5 0C
e Average Temp.difference during intial heating of Fuel
f ∆Tav.= T2H-Tav. 52.5 0C
 g Rate of heat loss through Roof ,qr=∆Tav/[ (tr/ki)+(1/f)] 42.2180128201183 kcal/hr m2
g Roof Diameter ,RD ( Development) 16.08 m
h Surface area of Roof ,Ar 203.07757567629 m2
i Heat Loss through roof QLr =qr*Ar 8573.53169338015 Kcal/hr
7 Heat Loss through Bottom of Tank
a Surface area of Bottom of Tank,Ab 201.061929829747 m2
b Theraml Conductivity of Sand ,Ks 1 W/Mk
c Theraml Conductivity of Sand ,Ks 0.85999999828 kcal/hr m 0C
d Average temp.difference during initial heating of Fuel ,
e ∆Tav.= T2H-Tav. 52.5 0C
f Depth of sand bed ,X 1m
j Heat Loss Through Bottom Plates ,QB=(Ab*Ks* ∆Tav.) / X 9077.94611365718 kcal/hr
8 Heat Loss through Tank shell&Bottom&Roof During Shutt down /Manintenance (insulated)
a Tank inner Diameter ,Di 16 m
b Tank outer Diameter without insulation,Do 16.014 m
c Tank outer Diameter with insulation ,Doi 16.094 m
d Height of Tank shell ,h 12 m
e Thermal Conductivity of insualtion ,Ki 0.0369800 kcal/hr m 0C ( Note-6)
f Film Co-efficient .f (Refer calc.at end) 6.1774 kcal/hr m2 0C
g Temp.diff. During Maintenance /Shutt down , ∆T=T2H -T1 105 0C
h Rate of heat loss through Tank shell
j q m = ∆T /[ ( Do/2* Ki) * ln (Doi/Do) + (Do/Doi*f) ] 84.6741740890288 kcal/hr m2 ( Note-7)
k Shell surface Area ,As 603.449683272142 m 2

l Heat Loss Through Tank Shell ,Qsm=As*qm 51096.6035353546 kcal/hr

9 Heat Loss through Roof of Tank (insulated)
a Insulation thickness Considered ,tir 40 mm
b Theraml Conductivity of the insulation ,Ki 0.0369800 kcal/hr m 0C
c Film Co-efficient .f (Refer calc.at end) 6.1774 kcal/hr m2 0C
d Temp.diff. During Maintenance /Shutt down , ∆T=T2H -T1 105 0C
e Rate of heat Loss through Roof during Main./shutdown,q r
f q r=∆T / [ ( tir / ki) + ( 1 / f) ] 84.4360256402365 kcal/hr m2
g Roof Diameter,Dr 16.08 m
h Surface area of Roof ,Ar 203.07757567629 m2
j Heat Loss through roof /Main./shutt down ,Q rfm =Ar *qr 17147.0633867603 kcal/hr
10 Heat Loss through Bottom Plates during Maintenance/Shutdown
a Surface area of Bottom Plates,Abm 201.061929829747 m2
b Theraml Conductivity of Sand ,Ks 0.85999999828 kcal/hr m 0C
c Temp.diff. During Maintenance /Shutt down , ∆T=T2H -T1 105 0
C
d Depth of sand bed ,X 1 m
e Heat Loss Through Btm Plates ,QBm=(Abm*Ks* ∆Tav.) / X 18155.8922273143 kcal/hr

11 HEAT REQUIRED PER HOUR TO HEAT TANK MATERIAL UP TO 110 0

C
a Product weight to be Heated ,M2 73460 kg
b Specific Heat of Product ,Cp2 0.502 kj /(kg 0c)
c Specific Heat of Product ,Cp2
0.12 kcal/(kg 0c)
d Temp.difference during intial heating ,∆T=T2H -T1 105 0
C
e Heating Time ,Ht 72 hr
f Heat req. for pumping in/out of asphalt Mass(M2) Qp=M 2Cp2∆T / Ht 12855.5 kcal / hr
12 TOTAL HEAT LOAD / HOUR
Intermittent heat load / Tank (for intial heating of Fuel
a Qint =Heat rate required forintial heating+Heat rate req.for product pumping(in/out)+Heat Loss
Qint= ( intermittent) = Q1+Q2+QLr+Qrf+Qp = 1532134 kcal / hr
Continous heat load /Tank(Temp.Maintenance for fuel) , Q cont
b
Q cont. = Qsm +Qrm+QBm 86399.5591494293 kcal / hr
13 HEAT TRANSFER AREA OF FLOOR COIL
a Pressure at inlet of Floor Coil Heater 4 ata
b Steam Temp.at Operating pressure,Ts 168 0C
c intial Product Temp.T1 5.9 0C
d Product final Temp. T2 60 0C
e Average Mean Temperature Difference ,AMTD =Ts-(T2+T1)/2 135.05 0C
Heat Transfer Coefficient (Steam Coil to Product),K 97 kcal/hr m2 0C
f
(Refer Spirax sarco Data book(Table24)
Heat Transfer area required for Floor coil Heater ,a h=Max(Qint ,Qcont.)/(AMTD*K)
116.96 m2
g
Considering 10% Margin in the surface area required 12 m2
Area of Coil He ACOIL 128.65 m2
14 TOTAL HEAT LOAD / HOUR
a LENGTH OF FLOOR COIL PIPE REQUIRED
b Provided pipe Size of coil heater
c Carbon steel Pipe : 3 in SCH 40 / ASTM A-106 GR B
d Pipe ND 89 mm
e Pipe Thk. 5 mm
f Pipe average Diameter 94 mm
h Pipe Surface area / m 0.2953 m 2/m
Coil Length = Coil Heater Area/ Pipe surface area 436 m
15 STEAM REQUIRMENTS
a Intermittent Steam requirement,Si =Intermittent Heat Load per hour /Latent heat of steam(Qnit./hfg)
b Si ( stea 3008 kg/hr
c Continous Steam requirement,Sc=Continous Heat Load per hour/Latent heat of Steam (Qcont./h fg)
d Sc ( stea 170 kg/hr
16 Calculation of Film Co-efficient
f (Covection ) =1.957*(TO.S.I-Ta.)0.25 *(2.57 V +1)0.5 5.72 W/m2.k
f (Radiation ) =5.7557*10-8 * E * (TO.S.I4-Ta.4)/(TO.S.I -Ta.) 1.50 W/m2.k
where :
Ta. = Ambient air temp. 306 K
TO.S.I=Outside surafce temp.of insu. (considering Max.outside temp. as 60 333 K
V =Average Wind speed 0.25 m/sec
E =Emissivity of finished surface 0.2
Film Co-efficient,f = Film co-efficient due to radiation+Fil co-efficent due to convection
f ,Film Co-effic 7.22 W/m2.k
f 6.18 kcal/hr.m2.0C

17 DESIGN CODE ASME B31.1 (PROCESS PIPING)

a PARA 304.1.2 STRAIGHT PIPE UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE
Internal Pressure Design thickness Formula (3a) per ANSI B31.3 1999 Section304.1.2
Internal Design Pressure P 405.3 Kpag
Design Metal Temp. MDMT 295 °C
Outside Diameter of Pipe D 89 mm
Co-efficient From Table ( Y 0.4
Corrosion allowance Ca 1.5 mm
Joint Effeciency E 1
Pipe Material SA106 GR B 136823.3615 Kpag
Allowable Stress of Pipe S
Provided Thickness 5 mm
 Thickness as per Purchase Specification-12.5% Mill tolerance
12.5% oMr 0.1 " for rolled T 4.38 mm

t = PD / 2(SE + PY) 0.132 mm

tm= t + c 1.632 mm
Safe Design
DESIGN CODE ASME B31.3-ED. 1999- ADD.2000
PARA 304.2.3 MITER BENDS
Internal Pressure P 405.3 Kpag
Design Metal Temp.MDMT 295 °C
Outside Diameter of Pipe D 89 mm
Mean Radius r2 42 mm
Measured Miter Pipe WallTthk. 5.000 mm
Angle of Miter Cut q 18 °
Angle of Change in Directia 36 °
Corrodion Allowance Ca 1.5 mm
Joint Effeciency E 1
Miter Piece SA-516 GR 70
Allowable stress of Mite S 129680 Kpag
Effective Radius of Miter Bend
R1 =(A/Tan Ɵ )+(d/2) R1 121.44 mm
Where A=25
Procided bend Radius R1 200 MM
Radius of bend is grater than calculated
Design as per Para 304.2.3 (a) Multiple Miter Bends
The Maximum allowable internal pressure shall be the lesser value calculated
from equation (4a) and (4 q is < 22.5 °
Equation (4a)
Pm = SE (T-c) /r2 ( (T-c)/(T-c) + 0.643 tan q (r2(T-c))^0.5) Pm1 = 6269.3435754 kpag
Equation (4b)
Pm = SE (T-c) /r2 (R1-r2/R1-0.5r2) Pm2 = 21613.333333 kpag
Lesser of Equation (4a) & (4b) Pm = 6269.3435754 kpag

Pm>int.Pressure then Safe

18 STEAM HEATER COIL SPEC,S

COIL LENGTH 436 m

COIL PIPE ND 89 mm
PIPE SCH 40
FLG,S 150#WN#R.F
BEND RADIUS MI 200 mm
START UP STEA 3008 kg/hr
OPERATING STE 170 kg/hr
PIPE W,T/M 7.47 Kg
Coil w,t 3254 Kg
6 .0 WIND LOAD CALCULATION (OVERTURNING STABILITY)
6 .1 WIND DESIGN CALCULATION
Internal design pressure, Pi ( @ 20.7 mbarg. ) = 0.002068 N/mm²
Insulation thickness, ti = 50 mm
Nominal diameter of tank, D = 38,212 mm
Tank height , Hs = 9,144 mm
Roof slope, ß° = 9.470 °
Roof height, Hr = 3,187 mm
Height from tank bottom to shell centre, Ls = 4,572 mm
Height from tank bottom to roof centre,Lr = 10,206 mm
Min. depth of product (always present in tank) , Hw = 250 mm
Weight of tank, (corroded condition) Wt 143,150 kg ) = 1,404,299 N
Weight of Remining product Ww ------------------ = 1,092,828 N
Weight of shell @ Attachements(corroded) , WDL (@ 86,280 kg ) = 846,410 N
Wind Speed = 145 kmph
6 .2 WIND FORCE CALCULATION
As per API 650 clause 5.2.1(j), the wind pressure are as follows:-
Wind pressure on conical surfaces , wr (@ 30.00 psf ) = 0.0014369 N/mm²
Wind pressure on cylindrical surfaces, ws (@ 18.00 psf ) = 0.0008621 N/mm²
Wind correction factor, kw (= V /190)² = 1.00

Projected area of roof, Ar ( = 0.5..Do.Hr ) = 61,065,560 mm²

Projected area of shell, As ( = .Do.Hs ) = 350,434,656 mm²

Total wind load exerted on roof, ( = wr.kw.Ar ) = 87,745 N

Total wind load exerted on shell,( = ws.kw.As ) = 302,123 N
Wind shear Force acting on the Tank = 389,868 N
Total wind moment on tank, Mw ( = Fr.Lr + Fs.Ls ) = 2,276,857,486 Nmm
6 .3 OVERTURNING STABILITY AGAINST WIND LOADING

Wind Uplift Load

Internal Pressure Load

D/2

Wind l H
shell, FS

H/2 Momment about

shell to bottom joint

Dead Load (WDL)

Liquid hold down weight (wa)
 For tank to be structurally stable without anchorage, the following uplift criteria shall satisfy:

Criteri0.6 Mw + Mpi < MDL / 1.5

CriteriMw + 0.4 Mpi < (MDL +MF) / 2

where:

Mpi = Moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from design internal pressure
= Uplift thrust on roof due to internal pressure x 1/2 tank diameter
= ( 1/4 p. D2. Pi ). 1/2. D = 45,311,634,378 Nmm

Mw = Overturning moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from horizontal

plus vertical wind pressure
= Total wind moment on tank, ( = Fr.Lr + Fs.Ls ) = 2,276,857,486 Nmm

MDL = Moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from the weight of the
shell and the roof supported by the shell.
= 0.5. D. WDL = 16,171,503,154 Nmm

MF = Moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from liquid weight (wa) = 2,329,647,053,663 Nmm
= (wa. p D). D
1000 2

wa = Weight of liquid = 59 tb Fby. H = 1,015,712.31 N/m

H = Design liquid height = 8,540.0 m
tb = Thickness of Bottom plate under the shell = 12 mm
Fby = Minimum specified yeid stress of the bottom plate under the shell = 241 N/mm2

FOR CRITERIA 1 0.6 Mw + Mpi < MDL / 1.5

0.6 Mw + Mpi = 46,677,748,870 Nmm
MDL / 1.5 = 10,781,002,103 Nmm
Not satisfactory

FOR CRITERIA 2 Mw + 0.4 Mpi < (MDL +MF) / 2

Mw + 0.4 Mpi = 20,401,511,237 Nmm
(MDL +MF) / 2 = 1,172,909,278,408 Nmm
Not satisfactory
Since,
0.6 Mw+ Mpi > MDL/1.5, and
Mw+0.4 Mpi < 1/2 (MDL+ MF)

* The tank anchorage is …. Required.

7 .0 SEISMIC FORCE CALCULATION
7 .1 SEISMIC LOADS DESIGN
7 .1.1GEOMETRIC DATA
Seismic peak ground acceleration, Sp = 0.1 g
Importance factor, I = 1.15
Site Class = D
Seismic Use Group, SUG = II

Nominal diameter of tank, D = 38,200 mm

Total height of tank shell, Ht = 9,144 mm
Ht.from bottom shell to COG of shell,Xs = 4,572 mm
Maximum design liquid level, H = 8,540 mm
Ht.from bottom shell to COG of roof,Xr = 11,279 mm
Design specific gravity of liquid, G = 1

Total weight of tank shell , W (@ 346,827 kg ) = 3,402,374 N

Weight of tank roof plates., Wr (@ 56,869 kg ) = 557,890 N
Weight of tank contents , Wp (@ 9,787,561 kg ) = 96,015,973 N
Weight of tank bottom, , W (@ 76,424 kg ) = 749,721 N

7 .1.2DESIGN SPECTRAL RESPONSE ACCELERATIONS

Impulsive spectral acceleration parameter, Ai

I
Ai = 2.5 Q Fa So = 0.09
Rwi

Convective spectral acceleration parameter, Ac

When Tc ≤ TL
Ts I
c= 2.5 K Q Fa So ≤ Ai = -
Tc Rwc

When Tc > TL
Ts .TL I
c= 2.5 K Q Fa So ≤ Ai = 0.008656886
Tc 2
Rwc

where
Q = Scaling factor = 1
K = Coefficient to adjust the spectral damping from 5% - 0.5% = 1.5
Fa = Acceleration based site coefficient as per Table E-1 = 1.2
Fv = Velocity-based site coefficient as per Table E-2 = 2.152
So = Substitution for seismic peak ground acceleration Sp = 0.1
Rwi = Force reduction coefficient for impulsive mode as per Table E-4= 4
Rwc = Force reduction coefficient for convective mode as per Table E-= 2
TL = Regional dependent transition period for longer period = 4s
ground motion
Tc = First mode sloshing wave period for convective mode = 7.82 s
Ts = Fv. S1/ Fa. Ss = 0.51
7 .1.3CONVECTIVE (SLOSHING ) PERIOD
The first mode sloshing wave period,

Tc = 1.8 Ks √ D = 7.82 s

where,
Ks = sloshing period coefficient

0.578
Ks = 3.68 H = 0.70
tanh
D

Fv . S1
Ts =
Fa . Ss
= 0.51
where,
Fa = Acceleration based site coefficient (at 0.2 sec perios)
as per Table E-1 = 1.2
Fv = Velocity-based site coefficient (at 1 sec. period) as per Table E- = 2.1520

S1 = Maximum considered earthquake, 5% damped, spectral response

acceleration parameter at the period of one second, %g
Ss = Maximum considered earthquake, 5% damped, spectral response
acceleration parameter at shorts period of 0.2 second, %g

For regions outside USA, sites not defined by ASCE 7 method,

S1 = 1.25 Sp = 0.124
Ss = 2.5 Sp = 0.435

Since Tc > TL , the convective spectral acceleration parameter Ac = 0.01

and the impulsive spectral acceleration parameter Ai = 0.09

7 .2 OVERTURNING STABILITY AGAINST SEISMIC LOADING

7 .2.1EFFECTIVE MASS OF TANK CONTENTS
Effective impulsive portion of the liquid weight,

For D/H ≥ 1.333,

tanh (0.866.D/H)
Wi = . Wp = ### N
0.866. D/H

For D/H < 1.333,

D
Wi = 1.0 - 0.218 . Wp = 0 N
H

Since /H > 1.333 , effective impulsive portion of the liquid weight, Wi = ### N

Effective convective weight,

D 3.67H
Wc = 0.230 tanh . Wp = ### N
H D
7 .2.2CENTER OF ACTION FOR EFFECTIVE LATERAL FORCES
The height from the bottom of the Tank Shell to the center of action of the lateral
seismic forces related to the impulsive liquid force for ringwall moment,

For D/H ≥ 1.333,

Xi = 0.375H = 3202.5 mm

For D/H < 1.333,

D
Xi = 0.5 - 0.094 .H = 0 mm
H

Since /H > 1.333 , Xi = 3,202.50 mm

The height from the bottom of the Tank Shell to the center of action of the lateral
seismic forces related to the convective liquid force for ringwall moment,

3.67 H
cosh -1
D
c = 1.0 - .H = 4,494.44 mm
3.67H 3.67 H
sinh
D D

7 .2.3OVERTURNING MOMENT
The seismic overturning moment at the base of the tank shell shall be the SRSS summation of the
impulsive and convective components multiplied by the respective moment arms to the center of action of
the forces.

Ringwall moment,

Mrw = [Ai ( Wi. Xi + Ws. Xs + Wr. Xr)]2 + [Ac (Wc. Xc)]2 = 9102868542 Nmm

= 9102868.542 Nm

7 .2.4SHEAR FORCE
The seismic base shear shall be defined as the SRSS combination of the impulsive and convective components.

V= Vi2 + Vc2 = 2,607,017.28 N

where, Vi = Ai (Ws + Wr +Wf + Wi) = 2,542,250.07 N

Vc = Ac. Wc = 577,497.77 N
7 .3 RESISTANCE TO OVERTURNING
7 .3.1THICKNESS OF THE BOTTOM PLATE UNDER THE SHELL & ITS RADIAL WIDTH
Bottom/Annular plate thickness , ta = 12.00 mm
Thickness of bottom shell course, ts = 12.00 mm
Bottom/Annular plate radial width, Ls = 1100.0 mm
Min. specified yield strength of bottom annulus, Fy = 260.0 N/mm2
Min. specified yield strength of bottom shell course, Fty = 260.0 N/mm2

Anchorage Ratio, J

Mrw
J= = 0.09
D ( Wt (1 - 0.4 Av) + Wa )
2

where,
Av = Vertical earthquake acceleration coefficient = 0.7
Wt = Tank and roof weight acting at base of shell = 35.92 N/mm
wa = Resisting force of the annulus = 47.50 N/mm

Weight of tank shell and portion of roof supported by the shell,

Ws
Wt = + wrs = 35.92 N/mm
p. D

wrs = Roof load acting on the shell, including 10% of specified

= 7.57 N/mm
snow load. ( Zero for floating roof)

The resisting force of the annulus,

wa = 99 ta Fy. H. Ge ≤ 196. H. D. Ge = 47,500.51 N/m

wa < 196.H.D.Ge = 46,037,295,360.00

Ge = Effective specific gravity including vertical seismic effect

= G. (1 - 0.4 Av) = 0.72

The Tank stable as self Anchorage J < 1.54

7 .3.2ANNULAR PLATE REQUIREMENT

If the thickness of the bottom plate under the shell is thicker than the remainder
of the bottom, then the minimum radial width of the bottom plate,

Fy
L= 0.01723 ta = 1,344.49 mm
H. Ge

The maximum width of annulus for determining the resisting force, 0.035 = 1,337.00 mm

Since L < 0.035 D, the minimum radial width should be = 1,344.49 mm

And,
Since Ls < L, the bottom/ annular plate width is Satisfactory.
7 .3.3SHELL COMPRESSION
MECHANICALLY-ANCHORED TANKS
Maximum longitudinal shell compression,
1.273 Mrw 1
sc = wt ( 1 + 0.4 Av) +
D 2
ts = 4.49 N/mm
7 .3.4MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE SHELL COMPRESSION
GHD² ( D in m ) = 77.887 m³/mm²
A=
ts²
For GHD²/(ts²) < 44 m³/mm²,
83.ts
Fc = + 7.5{G.H}½
2.5D =- N/mm²
For GHD²/(ts²) ³ 44 m³/mm²,

83.ts = 26.07 N/mm²

Fc =
D

Therefore, Fa ( < 0.5Fty ) = 26.07 N/mm²

Since sc < Fc, therefore the tank is structurally Stable.
7 .4 FREE BOARD FOR SLOSHING WAVE HEIGHT
Sloshing wave height above the product design height,
d s = 0.5 D. Af = 287.56 mm
where:
For SUG I and II,
When Tc ≤ 4
Af = K. SD1. I. 1 2.5 K Q Fa So Ts = 0.03
=
Tc Tc

When Tc > 4
Af = K. SD1. I. 4 2.5 K Q Fa So 4Ts = 0.02
=
Tc 2 Tc 2
For SUG III
When Tc ≤ TL
Af = K. SD1 1 2.5 K Q Fa So Ts = 0.03
=
Tc Tc

When Tc > TL
Af = K. SD1 TL 2.5 K Q Fa So Ts. TL = 0.02
=
Tc 2 Tc 2

Since SUG is II and Tc > TL , Af = 0.02

For SDS = Q Fa Ss = 0.522 > 0.33g,

Minimum required freeboard, d( as per Table E-7) = 287.56 mm
9 TANK ANCHORAGE
9 1 GEOMETRIC DATA
Number of bolts , N = 4
Dia. of anchor bolt, d ( M 16 SIZE BOLT) = 16 mm
Dia. of anchor bolt,d.corr (less 6.200 mm) = 9.8 mm
Bolts circle diameter, Da (B.C.D) = 4,672 mm
Root area of each hold down bolt, Ab = 75 mm²
Spacing between anchor bolts, Sp = 3,669 mm
9 2 MATERIAL & MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Anchor Material used : SA 307 H.D.G
Allowablestrength, St.all = 48.27 N/mm²
9 3 UPLIFT CASES
Design pressure = 0.005 kpa
Test pressure = 0.00625 kpa
Failure Pressure = N/A kpa
W 1= corroded shell = 34887.37 N
W2 =Corroded shell + Corroded Roof = 44668.51 N
W3 =New shell plates = 43593.73 N
Mw=Wind Moment = 54,617.0666 N-m
Ms =Wind Moment = 31,513.83 N-m
U -N All.Anchor
Uplift Load Net Uplift formula (U ) Bolts-Mpa
Design Pressure [(P-0.08th )*D2*0.785 ] -W1 -34894.95 105
Test Pressure [(Pt-0.08th )*D2*0.785 ] -W1 -34887.37 140
Failure pressure [(1.5 *Pf-0.08th )*D2*0.785 ] -W3 N/A 250
Wind Load [4*Mw /D ]-W2 3793.8425 200
Seismic load [4*MS /D ]-W2 -16705.92 200
Design P +Wind [(P-0.08th )*D2*0.785 ] +[4Mw/D]-W1 13567.40 140
Design P+Seismic [(P-0.08th )*D2*0.785 ] +[4Ms/D]-W1 -6932.364 200
9 5 MAX. UPLIFT FORCES
Uplift Force = 13,567 N
Tensile stress,
sb = WAB / N.Ab = 44.97 N/mm²
Since sb < St.all,therefore the anchor bolt size is satisfactory.
9 6 ANCHOR CHAIR DETAIL

d b
twdt

a e

h hg tm

g ta

J
9 7 ANCHOR CHAIR DESIGN

AISI 'Steel Plate Engr Data' Dec. 92, Vol. 2, Part VII

Thickness of Gusset Plates j = 6 mm

Width of Gussets at Top Plate twdt = 100 mm
Width of Gussets at Base Plate bwdt = 75 mm
Height of Gussets hg = 100 mm
Height of Chair h = 116.00 mm
Top plate thickness c = 8 mm
Distance between Gussets g = 100 mm
Circumferential width of Top plate a = 150 mm
Radial width of top plate b = 100 mm
Anchor Bolts No. Nb = 4 Nos.
Distance from Bolt Center to Gusset cg = 75 mm
External corrosion allowance for chairs ca* = 0 mm
Top Plate Allowable stress σ all. = 250 kpa
No.of Gussets per Bolt NG = 2 Nos.
Bottom plates shell course thickness ts = 8.00 mm
Shell course corrosion allowance ca = 1.60 mm
Bottom plates shell course thickness (corroded) tsc = 6.40 mm
Thickness of Annular ring/Bottom ta = 8.00 mm
Bolt eccentricity e = 70 mm
Bolt diameter d = 9.8 mm
Allowable Bending stress = σ all.*1.5 σ all. = 375 kpa
Bolt Load P = 3,392 N
Tank radius R = 2250 mm
Average thickness of bottom shell course+pad (cotm = 14.40 mm
Stress due to Top plate thickness
Stress in the Top plate at Given thickness
σ top =P(0.375*b -0.22*d )/e/(c-ca*)2 σ tc = 214.07 kpa
Gusset plate thickness as per AISI pass
Gusset plate thickness = MAX.(12 mm , 0.04 hg j = 12 mm
With the following condtion must be pass pass
J+tm >P/1000/25 26.40 > 0.14

stresses at the Top Plate including axial stress due to chair height as per AISI
Top Plate stress =P*e/ tm 2 *K
where K= 1.32 * Z / [(1.43*a*h2 / R*tm ) +(4*a*h2)0.333] + 0.031/(R*tm)0.5
Z = 1/ [ 0.1777*a*ta / (R*tm )0.5 + (ta /tm )2 +1]

Z =0.40107349
K =0.00200643
Top Plate stress σ th = 2.2973901 kpa
pass

Anchor chairs weight

Top plate weight = 0.942 kg
Gusset plates weight = 1.6485 kg
Pad plate = 2.08496 kg
Total weight od chair = 4.67546 kg
Total weight od chairs = 18.70184 kg
 7 10 APPENDIX V EXTERNAL PRESSURE CALCULATIONS
1) Total Design External pressure Loading ,Pr
Pr =Max. [(DL +(Lr or SL)+0.4 *Pe @ DL +Pe +0.4 (Lr or SL)]
Roof Dead Load DL = 47.1 kg/m2
Live Load Lr = 122 kg/m2
External pressure Pe = 25.49 kg/m2
= 5.22 psf
= 0.25 kpa
Snow Load SL = 122 kg/m2
Pr = 179.30 kg/m2
36.74 PSF
2 ) 1) Transformed height of Tank shell per V.8.1.4 [HTS] = 6,946 mm
3) Elstic Buckling Check per V.8.1

ξ =(Fy /E)0.5 *(HTS /D) *(D/tsmin.)0.75 ξ = 0.02223

Yeild stress Fy = 205.00 Mpa
Modulus of elasticity E = 200000 Mpa
Shell transformed height HTS = 7m
Tank diameter D = 38.2 m
Top course thickness (corroded) tsmin = 6.40 mm
ξ >= 0.00675 pass
4) 2) Wind as per V.3.1
Specified wind speed Vs = 145.00 kmph
Wind Pressure ,Pw =0.0000333 V *Kg*Kh 2
PW = 0.85 kpa
17.69 psf
5) 3) External pressure for shell
Design external pressure =Max(Pe,(Pw+0.4Pe Ps = 0.95 kpa
= 19.78 psf
6) 4) Min.shell thickness for design ext.pressure per V.8.1.3 at corroded condtions

t min.
=1.23 (SI *HTS*PS )0.4 *Dc0.6/E0.4 t min.corr. = 0.27 in
Min shell thickness req.at corroded condtions t min.corr. = 7 mm
Min.shell thickness (corroded)Provided tsmin. = 6.40 mm
t min.corr. > tsmin.

The shell must be stiffened

where:"SI "value as per V .8.1 = (Pe +15) /20 as per Pe < = 15 psf
tmin.corr.: is min.thickness required at corroded condtions
HTS :is shell transformed at corroded condtions
D :Tank nominal diameter
SI = 1.01
HTS = 22.79 ft
Ps = 19.78 psf
D = 125.37 ft
E = ### PSI

7) 5) Number of stiffeners needed as per clause V.8.2.1 [Ns]

Ns= (HTS/Hsafe )-1 Ns = 1 Stiffener

8) 6) Max.stiffeners spacing per clause V.8.2.1.2[Hsaf]

Hsafe = 0.6*E*(tmin. 2.5 ) /(Ps *SI*(Dc1.5) Hsafe = 19.75 ft
Actual stiffener spacing per clause V.8.2.2 [Ls] =Hsafe = 6.02 m
 9 7) Number of Buckling waves as per clause V.8.2.2.1 [N]
N =(5.33 D3/(tmin.*HTS 2))0.5 N = 283.32
Applying the condtions [2 <=N<=10] Value N = 10.00
10 8) Width of shell per V.8.2.2.4 for stiffener

Width of shell =1.47 *(DC* tshell)0.5 Wstiff. = 8.26 in

= 210 mm

Wstiff.
Radial Load (V1)

11 9) Radial load on stiffener per V.8.2.3.1 [V1]

Tank Height H = 30.00 ft
V1= PS *H/48 V1 = 12.36 psi
85.25 kpa

10) Required moment of inertia per V.8.2.3.2 for stiffener [Ireq.]

Ireq. = 648*V1*DC3 / (E *(N2-1)) Ireq. = 5.50 in4
= 2288141 mm4
11) Required region area per clause V.8.2.3.3.1 for stiffener[Areq.]
Areq. =6*v1*Dc/fc Areq. = 0.13 in2
= 85.30 mm2
where fc is allwable Tensile stress for top stiffener fc = 485.00 Mpa
(Material of stieffener ASTM A516 Gr60 ) = ### psi
12) Required area per Clause V.8.2.3.3.2 for stiffener [Astiff.]
A stiff. = Max.(0.5*Areq. , Areq. - JEr t cone *X Cone - JEs t smin. *Xshell)
Where : as per V.7.2.3
X cone Length of cone roof within tension/comp.
X shell Length of cone roof within tension/comp.
tsmin. Min.shell thickness at corroded condtions = 0.25 in
JEr Joint efficiency of roof plates (lab joints ) = 0.25
JEs Joint efficiency of shell plates (butt joints ) = 1.00
Dc Tank daimeter at corroded condtions = 125.37 ft
ϴ Cone angle = 9.47 0
tcone Thickness of roof at corroded condtions = 0.37598 in

as per postion of stiffener (far from bottom & roof) we consider Xshell/X cone =0

A stiff. = 85 mm2
We consider Stiffener section L 150 X 150 X 15
AL = 4275 mm2
Pass
6 8 VENT CALCULATION

Check for venting capacity

Capacity of the tank, C = 10479.80 m³
= 65915.82 barrel
pumping out rate, Re = 1500.00 m³/hr
= 9435 barrel/hr
pumping in rate , Rf = 1500 m³/hr
= 9435 barrel/hr
Inbreathing (Vacuum Relief)
As per clause 4.3.2.1.1 of API 2000
Due to maximum movement out of tank, Q1 = 52,834 SCFH
As per clause 4.3.2.1.2 of API 2000
Due to thermal inbreathing, Q2 60 SCFH
VENT SIZE CALC. & EMERGENCY VENT = 52,894 SCFH
Out breathing (Pressure Relief) =
As per clause 4.3.2.2.1 of API 2000
Due to maximum movement into tank , Q1 = 60 SCFH
As per clause 4.3.2.2.2 of API 2000
Due to thermal out breathing , Q2 = 60 SCFH
Total pressure relief required = 120 SCFH
Maximum relief required = 52,894 SCFH
We Assume the is fully air tighted and there is must be created apressure in the tank during the filling of liquid
.since the tank is fully closed.this pressure might be caused to lift the roof plate from tank
so we consider to provide engough vent opening so that the pressure inside tank would be lesser than of roof acting
Dead Load acting on roof plate
Thickness of plates ( 0.39 ) in = 10 mm
DL. Acting on Roof ( 0.11 ) PSI = 78.5 kg/m2
So we consider Set Pressure 3.04615 in water pressure

Considering 3.04615 inches of water pressure, for above capacity size

of the free vent required (attached Mushroom (free) vents chart) is=
Provided free vent size (N5-Nozzle) = 1 pcs. SAFE
4"Ø
 6 2 EMERGENCY VENTING

Tank Internal Diameter ( 12.50 ) ft = 3.810 m

Tank Height ( 16.40 ) ft = 5.000 m
Wetted surface Area ( 1178.10 ) ft2 109.449 m2
Note:For vertical tank,on the Ground the Wetted area (WSA)
is equal to the total surface area of the vertical
surface area of the vertical shell to a height of 30 ft above grade
Required Emergency Vent flow ( 557.00 ) S = 15,461 m3/hr
Note: with any operating pressure and the wetted surface area being less than 2800 square feet
,The flow capacity is from API 2000 para.4.3.3.2.2 Table 3A

We Assume the is fully air tighted and there is must be created apressure in the tank during the filling of liquid
.since the tank is fully closed.this pressure might be caused to lift the roof plate from tank
so we consider to provide engough vent opening so that the pressure inside tank would be lesser
than of roof acting Dead Load acting on roof plate

Thickness of plates ( 0.39 ) in = 10 mm

DL. Acting on Roof ( 0.11 ) P = 78.5 kg/m2
So we consider Set Pressure 3.04615
Provided Emergency Venting = 1 pcs. 16"Ø
14 WEIGHT ANALYSIS

ITEM NO : 0

1 GENERAL
Design Type of roof
code : API 650 11th Edition fixed
: conical w/col,s
Inside Tank height
diameter : 38,200 mm : 9,144 mm
Steel density Roof plates lapping Annular/Bottom plates lapping
Shell / Btm : 7,850 kg/m³ factor : 25mm factor : 25 mm
Roof : 7,850 kg/m³
2 SHELL COURSES

ONE - FOOT METHOD Y

Course No. Material Thickness Width Weight
(mm) (mm) (kg)
1 ASTM A516 Gr60 12.00 2,480 28,045
2 ASTM A516 Gr60 10.00 2,480 23,369
3 ASTM A516 Gr60 10.00 2,204 20,769
4 ASTM A516 Gr60 10.00 1,980 18,658
5 0 0.00 0 0
6 0 0.00 0 0
7 0 0.00 0 0
8 0 0.00 0 0
9 0 0.00 0 0
10 0 0.00 0 0
11 0 0.00 0 0
0 0
Total weight of shell plates = 90,841 kg

3 BOTTOM PLATES
ANNULAR RING Y
Material Thickness Width Weight
(mm) (mm) (kg)
ASTM A516 Gr60 12.00 1,100 6,297 = 6,297 kg
BOTTOM PLATES
Material Thickness Outside Dia. Weight
(mm) (mm) (kg)
ASTM A516 Gr60 8.00 37,244 70,127.1 = 70,127 kg

4 TOP CURB ANGLE Y

Material Size Length Unit Weight Weight
BIULT UP SEC. (mm) (kg/m) (kg)
ASTM A516 Gr60
L200X200X20 120,009 34.181 4,102.08 = 4,102 kg

5 INTERMEDIATE WIND GIRDERS Y

Material Size Qty Length Unit Weight Weight
BIULT UP SEC. (mm) (kg/m) (kg)
ASTM A516 Gr60
L 200 x 200*20 1 120,637 59.660 7,197 = 7,197 kg

7 NOZZLES Y
Total weight of nozzles 2,500 = 2,500 kg

8 NOZZLES ,PIPES SUPPORTES AND OTHER MISC. Y

Assuming 3.00 % of total weight 5,432 = 5,432 kg
9 EX.STIFFENERS N
Material Size Qty Length Unit Weight Weight
BIULT UP SEC. (mm) (kg/m) (kg)
ASTM A516 Gr60
L150X150X15 1 120,480 33.559 4,043 = - kg

10 STAIRWAY & HANDRAILS Y

Stair weight 1381.94 Kg 1,382 = 1,382 kg

11 PLATFORMS Y
Platform Weight 5,860.11 Kg 5,860 = 5,860 kg

12 ROOF HANDRAILS
Handrails weight 1,987.39 Kg 1,987 = 1,987 kg

13 ROOF STRUCTURE `
(i) ROOF RAFTERS
Material Weight (kg)
ASTM A36 77,812 = 77,812 kg
(iv) CENTER COL,S W/END CAPS AND BASE PLATES Y
Material Size Weight (kg)
ASTM 106 GR BPipe 36 "ØSCH 40 7239.54 = 7,240 kg

14 ROOF PLATES
Material Thickness Weight
(mm) (kg)
ASTM A516 Gr60 6.00 56,869 = 56,869 kg
15 MANHOLES ( FABRICATED PLATES) Y Weight
Material QTY (kg)
ASTM A516 Gr60 1 275 275 kg
16 BOLTS Y
Material QTY (kg)
ASTM A 193GR B7 /A194 GR 2H H. 2500 0.25 625 kg
18 CLEAN OUT DOOR Y
ASTM A516 Gr60 (kg)
7,905.74 7,906 kg
20 ANCHOR BLOTS QTY N (kg)
0 1 0 kg

21 ANCHOR CHAIRS QTY N (kg)

0 3391.849754 0 kg

22 SUMP DRAIN Y
QTY (kg)
1 375.00 375 kg
23 EXTERNAL PIPES (INTAK & OVER FLOW) N
(kg)
2,500 - kg

24 Hydrostatic water height (@ 9,144 mm ) = 10,479,796 kg

ERECTION WEIGHT = 346,827 kg
OPERATING WEIGHT = 10,134,388 kg
FIELD HYDROSTATIC TEST WEIGHT = 10,826,623 kg