International Journal of IT, Engineering and Applied Sciences Research (IJIEASR) ISSN: 2319-4413 83

Volume 4, No. 6, June 2015

Applications of Mathematics in Science

Dr. Swaranjit Kaur, S.R Govt. College for Women, Amritsar, Punjab, India

ABSTARCT planets, stars, and many other things that we cannot

directly measure. Calculus is a branch in mathematics that
Mathematics is considered as queen of sciences. can solve many ways to measure like volume or area using
Mathematics plays important role in sciences. Without complicated surfaces. It is used in most branches of
mathematics, there can neither science nor engineering. science to derive answers that cannot be measured
The fields like artificial satellites, rockets, digital image directly.
technology, Nano technology, Bio technology and semi
conductor devices all are based on mathematical USE OF MATHEMATICS IN MEDICAL
concepts. In the present paper I have discussed role of SCIENCES
mathematics in different branches of sciences. It is seen
that all other branches of sciences are incomplete without It is used in manufacturing medical devices and
mathematics. diagnostics, opto-electronics and the success of NASA’s
Mars rover is also based on mathematics. The concept of
INTRODUCTION mathematics, its theorems and formulas are used in
obtaining qualitative measures in medical sciences.
Scientific problems based on arrangements designs Scientific medical equipments and machines are designed
sequences, patterns are solved with the help of by using applications of mathematics. Mathematical
mathematics. It is the science of numbers and space and concepts are used to derive qualitative data from any
helps to understand the world around us. Roger Bacon medical study such as estimating the number of genes that
(1214-1294), an English Franciscan friar, philosopher, are involved in inheriting a particular trail from the parents
scientists and scholar of the 13th century, once stated to the child. In clinical research, biotechnology and
“Neglect of mathematics works is injury to all knowledge, genetic study is based on mathematical concepts. It is used
since he who is ignorant of it cannot know the other in the construction of hypothesis in medical and biological
sciences or the things of the world”. According to Angels research. This use of mathematics in constructing biologic
“Mathematics is a science who’s subject matter is special or medical hypothesis is often referred to as model
forms and quantitative relationships of the real world”. building. The creation mathematical orders have been
Pierce defined Mathematics as “Mathematics is the implicit in all the statistical applications because the
science, which draws necessary conclusion”. According to particular probability theory upon which the statistics are
Locke “Mathematics is a way to settle in the mind of based in itself represents a mathematical models are
children a habit of reasoning”. particularly useful when the investigator buy intuitive
means cannot see the relation between two or more facts
Mathematics plays important role in sciences. Without or sets of data. Stochastic mathematical models are models
mathematics, there can neither science nor engineering. in which the behavior of the system under study is
The fields like artificial satellites, rockets, digital image modified by the addition of the variable with a known
technology, Nano technology, Bio technology and semi probability of occurrences and distribution.
conductor devices all are based on mathematical concepts.
Math is used in science to develop formulas to find out the USE OF MATHEMATICS IN MODERN
value of unknown parameters and geometry deals with TECHNOLOGY
deduction of properties, measurements, and relationships
of points, angles, figures, and lines in space. It includes Mathematics tools are used even in the national economy
many different disciplines that try to describe the world. and financial markets. It is used in computational design
and simulation. The technology used in nuclear Stockpile
Geometry is used in science to observe and describe. as well as for reducing environmental hazards from waste
Euclidean geometry used in science to observe and depends upon computational simulation. Mathematics is
describe things on Earth as it deals with a flat world that used in calculation of mass flow in stem power and air
states that parallel lines are always parallel and never flow in cooling fan. It is used in codes in translating data
intersect. Trigonometry deals with the relationship in computers. There are many different types of computer
between angles and sides. Used in science to determine systems which are used in homes and offices, all are based
where the location of certain events is, like earthquakes, upon mathematical formulas. Mathematics symbols are

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International Journal of IT, Engineering and Applied Sciences Research (IJIEASR) ISSN: 2319-4413 84
Volume 4, No. 6, June 2015

used in calculations which can implement the operation watching pollen grains in water. Today, the mathematical
within seconds. The modern technology is the modern description of such motion is central to probability theory.
appliance for mathematics, science and the arts for the Perhaps most importantly, the origins of the field of
benefits of life. Modern technology refers to tools and statistics were intimately tied up with biology. The
machines which are used to solve problems of real world. theories of dynamical systems and partial differential
Mathematics plays an important role in science and equations represent areas of mathematics in which
technology because without mathematics there can be numerous fruitful lines of inquiry were prompted by
neither science nor engineering. biological questions, and in which such influences
continue to be felt. In theoretical fluid mechanics, the
USE OF MATHEMATICS IN PHYSICS dominant classical stream of development was toward
understanding of high Reynolds number flow and of
Pure mathematics and physics are becoming ever more compressible flows; biology has motivated a great many
closely connected, though their methods remain different. new developments in viscosity dominated flows. More
Firstly it was said that mathematician plays a game in recently, molecular biology has stimulated advances in
which he himself invents the rules while the physicist analysis and low-dimensional topology and geometry.
plays a game in which the rules are provided by Nature,
but now it is evident that the rules which the Various examples exist of the mutual interactions of
mathematician finds interesting are the same as those biology and classical analysis. The most important is in
which Nature has chosen. It is difficult to predict what the the area of digital radiography. Better technologies for
result of all this will be. Possibly, the two subjects will imaging biological objects have revolutionized medicine.
ultimately unify, every branch of pure mathematics have These technologies include computerized axial
its physical applications. The role of mathematics is to tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),
represent the laws of motion by equations, and to obtain and emission tomography (PET and SPECT). Regardless
solutions of the equations referring to observed conditions. of technique, the wealth of digitized radiologic data has
In physics Mathematics is used to calculate velocity, led to problems concerning their storage and transmission;
acceleration, friction and Newton’s law of motion. To solutions to these problems of data compression also
solve the problems of hydrodynamics, fluid dynamics, in require mathematical thinking and mathematical formulas
wave propagation, to solve equations of motion .The problems of pattern searching and matching of DNA
mathematical concepts are used to find the solution of sequences, the computer provides the critical capability to
problems. Every branch of physics is incomplete without explore and study such complex situations. A useful
mathematics. comparison can be drawn between problems of
engineering design and the structures found in biology.
There is a huge difference between understanding the
USE OF MATHEMATICS IN CHEMISTRY fundamental scientific principles of mechanics and
designing large buildings. The most important aspect of a
Math is used in chemistry to calculate energy in reactions, machine is its function, and design involves far more than
grams needed to add to a solution to reach desired drawing the blueprints. Biology confronts continually with
concentration, compression of a gas and quantities of the inverse problem to that of engineering design. It is
reactants needed to reach a desired product. The equations known that the basic principles of biochemistry determine
of a chemical reaction are balanced, use mathematical biological structures. Our brains are incapable of coping
calculations that are absolutely necessary to explore with the wealth of biological data without the assistance of
important concepts in chemistry, and utilize dimensional computers. The complexity of biological problems
analysis to find any range of information about reactions requires that we also apply mathematical and
from finding the mass of chemicals reacted to the computational approaches, and the benefits of such
concentration of a chemical in a solution. applications will be shared equally by the disciplines of
biology and mathematics.
USE OF MATHEMATICS IN BIOLOGY
DISCUSSION
Mathematical techniques are used to solve biological
problems. Some fundamental issues in biology appear to It is seen that without mathematics every branch of science
require altogether new ways of thinking quantitatively. In is incomplete. Mathematics is used in physics, chemistry,
these cases, creations of entirely new areas of mathematics nuclear science, engineering and so on. Different types of
are necessary before it will be possible to successfully equations of mathematics are used to obtain results of
solve the underlying problems. The application of different sciences. The validity of these results is also
mathematics to biology is not new; neither is evidence of based on mathematics. There has been a fruitful
impacts on mathematics. Robert Brown, a botanist, interaction between math’s and science. The study of
discovered what is now called Brownian motion while space originates with geometry. Mathematical theory is

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International Journal of IT, Engineering and Applied Sciences Research (IJIEASR) ISSN: 2319-4413 85
Volume 4, No. 6, June 2015

used to solve scientific, engineering, physics and business

problems.

REFERENCES

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4. http://www.thehindu.com/
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