8.
6 Worked Examples
Examples for Design and Detailing
Two worked examples are given to show the design and detailing of
(1) an exterior joint with vertical joint shear reinforcement, and
(2) an interior joint without vertical joint
j oint shear reinforcement
■ Example 8.6-1 Design of exterior joint to HKConcrete2013
HKConcrete2013
Fig. 8.6-1 shows the exterior joint of a reinforced concrete frame designed to
resist gravity loads and normal wind loads, with beam and column dimensions
and steel reinforcement as indicated.
indicated. The frame storey height is 3.6 m. The
minimum design axial load
load of the column is 300 kN. Material strengths are f cu
cu
2 2
= 35 N/mm and f y = 500 N/mm . Design the joint reinforcement to
HKConcrete2013.
hc
350
3T32
hb 550
2T25
(a) (b)
550
T10@250
550
T10@250
(c)
8T32
Fig. 8.6-1 Exterior beam-column joint. (a) Beam-column connection;
connection; (b) beam cross-
section; (c) column cross-section of non-critical z ones
269
Solution:
The maximum tension force in beam top reinforcing bars is
T b1 = As f y = 2413 × 500 10 = 1206.5 kN and T b2 = 0 (an exterior joint).
-3
For equilibrium,
As f y = 0.67 f cu b(0.9 x)
then the neutral axis depth of the beam
As f y As f y 1206.5 103
x 163 mm
0.9 0.67 f cu b 0.603 f cu b 0.603 35 350
The design moment applied at the join face is determined by
0.9 163
As f y d
0.9 x 3
M u 1206.5 10 500 514.7 kNm
2 2
Column shears corresponding to this joint moment are calculated using the free
body of the column between mid-height inflection points (Fig. 8.6-2), given by
Vcol M u / lc 514.7 / 3.6 143.0 kN
V col
lc M u = As f y d 0.9 x/2
= 514.7 kNm
V col
Fig. 8.6-2 Column shear calculated from free body of column between points of
contraflexure in Example 8.6-1
The total horizontal joint shear force
V jh Tb1 V col 1206.5 143.0 1063.5 kN
270
Check the horizontal shear stress:
V j 1063.5 103
.52 N/m 2
0.2 f u 7 N/ m2 , as r quired.
b j c 550 550
For a wo-dime sional joint, C j = .0. Hen e the area of horizontal joint shear
reinfo cement
V jh C j N 1063.5 103
*
1.0 300 103
A j 0.5 0.5
0.87 f yh 0.8 Ag f cu 0.87 00 0.8 5502 35
1136 mm 2
2
Provi e 3 sets f T16 2-leg hoop at 150 mm centres ( Asv = 1 06 mm A jh =
2
1136 m ), thu giving a hoop rati of joint
Asv , j 1206 / 3
2.68 ,
sv , j 15
with 3 sets of 2 10 cross-ties (one in each direction) t 150 m centres.
join core 55
2T10@150
0
5
5
3T16@150
8T32
Detailing for A jh
From he colu n section, hoops in the colu n non-c itical zone are T10@250,
Asv ,c 157
thus g ving a column hoo ratio 0.628 .
sv ,c 250
Check the requirement of horizontal transver se joint r inforcement:
Asv , j Asv ,c
2.68 .628 . This is satis actory.
sv , j sv ,c
271
The vertical joint shear force
hb 550
V jv V jh 1063.5 1063.5 kN
hc 550
The area of vertical joint shear reinforcement
0.4V jv C j N * 0.4 1063.5 103 1.0 300 103
A jv 288.3 mm2
0.87 f yv 0.87 500
The middle main column bar (T32) at each vertical face of the joint may be
used to serve as an intermediate bar . However, the spacing of main column bars
is larger than 200 mm; hence provide two intermediate bars (2T12) at each
vertical face of the joint. The arrangement of joint reinforcement is shown in
Fig. 8.6-3.
550
32T10@150
550
3T16@150
8T32 8T12 Intermediate bars
(a) Joint core
Main column bars
125
3 sets
T16@150
125
2T12 intermediate bars at
each vertical face of joint
(b) Column
Fig. 8.6-3 Reinforcement details of the exterior joint
272
References of Chapter 8
8.1 NZS 3101 (2006). Concrete Structure Standard. Part 1: The Design of
Concrete Structures & Part 2: Commentary on The Design of Concrete
Structures. Standards New Zealand, Wellington.
8.2 Joint ACI-ASCE Committee 352 (2002). Recommendations for Design of
Beam-Column Connections in Monolithic Reinforced Concrete Structures.
American Concrete Institute, Famington Hills, Michigan.
8.3 Paulay T, Park R and Priestley MJN (1978). “Reinforced concrete beam-
column joints under seismic actions”. ACI Journal, 75(11), 585-593.
277
