x = any axis parallel to the centroidal axis

I = moment of inertia about the x-axis

¯
I = centroidal moment of inertia
A = area of the section

d = distance between x and x’

In the same manner, the transfer formula for polar moment of inertia and the radii of
gyration are respectively

¯ 2
J = J + Ad

2
2 ¯ 2
k = k + d

Product of Inertia

Ixy = ∫ xy dA

Moment of Inertia of Common Shapes

Shape Moment of Inertia Radius of Gyration

Rectangle
3 h
bh ¯
¯ kx =
I x = −−
12 √12

3
bh h
Ix = kx =
–
3 √3

Triangle ¯
bh
3
¯
h
I x = kx = −−
36 √18
3
bh h
Ix = kx =
–
12 √6
Circle

4
πr r
¯ ¯
I x = kx =
4 2

4
r
πr ¯
kz =
¯ –
J = √2
2

Semicircle

4 r
πr ¯
¯ kx = ky =
Ix = I y =
8 2

¯
¯ 4 kx = 0.264r
I x = 0.11r

Quarter circle

4 r
πr
Ix = Iy = kx = ky =
16 2

¯ ¯
¯ ¯ 4 kx = ky = 0.264r
I x = I y = 0.055r

Ellipse

3
πab b
¯ ¯
I x = kx =
4 2
3 a
πa b ¯
¯ ky =
I y =
2
4
Subjects

Home » Engineering Mechanics » Moment of Inertia and Radius of Gyration

821 Rectangle minus semi-circle | Moment of Inertia

Problem 821
Find the moment of inertia about the indicated x-axis for the shaded area shown in Fig. P-821.
 

Solution 821

Click here to show or hide the solution

Solution by Composite Areas

3 3
bh 8(10 )
Ix−rectangle = =
3 3
4
Ix−rectangle = 2666.67 in

By transfer formula for moment of inertia

¯ 2
I = I + Ad
 4 2
Ix−semicircle = 0.11r + Ad

2
4(4)
4 1 2
Ix−semicircle = 0.11(4 ) + π(4 )[10 − ]
2
3π

4
Ix−semicircle = 1760.53 in

Required moment of inertia

Ix = Ix−rectangle − Ix−semicircle

Ix = 2666.67 − 1760.53

Ix = 906.14 in           answer
4

Solution by Integration
3
bh
Ix =
3

x2 3
(dx)(y )
Ix = ∫
x1
3

8
1
3
Ix = ∫ y dx
3
0

Equation of the semi-circe with center at (h, k) = (4, 10) and

radius, r = 4
2 2 2
(x − h) + (y − k) = r

2 2 2
(x − 4) + (y − 10) = 4

2 2
(y − 10) = 16 − (x − 4)

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2
y − 10 = ±√16 − (x − 8x + 16)

−−−−−−
2
y = ±√8x − x + 10

Use negative sign in the radical for the portion of the circle below y = 10
−−−−−−
2
y = 10 − √8x − x

 
Thus,
8
1 −−−−−− 3
2
Ix = ∫ (10 − √8x − x ) dx
3
0

1
Ix = (2718.58)
3

Ix = 906.19 in           okay
4

Tags: 
moment of inertia moment of inertia by integration transfer formula for moment of
inertia moment of inertia of rectangle moment of inertia of semi-cricle

‹ 820 Unsymmetrical I-section | up

Moment of Inertia Area, moment of inertia, and radius
of gyration of parabolic section ›

Log in or register to post comments

YouTube 531
Subscribe to MATHalino.com on

Mabuhay! Please join our community.

Login or Register or Login With Facebook

SPONSORED LINKS
 Get a Free Autodesk eBook
Autodesk

Make better project decisions today. Get

“Civil Engineering Bene ts of BIM” eBook
now!

Subjects

Home » Engineering Mechanics » Moment of Inertia and Radius of Gyration

820 Unsymmetrical I-section | Moment of Inertia

Problem 820
Determine the moment of inertia of the area shown in Fig. P-819 with respect to its centroidal
axes.
 

Solution 820

Click here to show or hide the solution

2
A1 = 12(1) = 12  in.

y1 = 0.5  in.
¯ 1 3 4
I 1 = (12)(1 ) = 1  in.
12

 
2
A2 = 1(12) = 12  in.

y2 = 7  in.

¯ 1 3 4
I 2 = (1)(12 ) = 144  in.
12

 
2
A3 = 6(1) = 6  in.

y3 = 13.5  in.

¯ 1 3 4
I 3 = (6)(1 ) = 0.5  in.
12

Aȳ = A1 y1 + A2 y2 + A3 y3

30ȳ = 12(0.5) + 12(7) + 6(13.5)

ȳ = 5.7  in.

¯ ¯ 2 ¯ 2 ¯ 2
I x = [ I 1 + A1 (ȳ − 0.5) ] + [ I 2 + A2 (7 − ȳ ) ] + [ I 3 + A3 (13.5 − ȳ ) ]

¯ 2 2 2
I x = [ 1 + 12(5.7 − 0.5) ] + [ 144 + 12(7 − 5.7) ] + [ 0.5 + 6(13.5 − 5.7) ]

¯
I x = 855.3  in.
4
          answer
 

¯ 1 3 1 3 1 3
I y = (1)(12 ) + (12)(1 ) + (1)(6 )
12 12 12

¯
I y = 163  in.
4
          answer

Tags: moment of inertia Unsymmetrical I-Beam centroidal moment of inertia

‹ 819 Inverted T-section | Moment of up

Inertia 821 Rectangle minus semi-circle |
Moment of Inertia ›

Log in or register to post comments

Subjects

Home » Engineering Mechanics » Moment of Inertia and Radius of Gyration

819 Inverted T-section | Moment of Inertia

Problem 819
Determine the moment of inertia of the T-section shown in Fig. P-819 with respect to its
centroidal Xo axis.
 

Solution 819

Click here to show or hide the solution

2
A1 = 8(2) = 16  in.

3
8(2 ) 16
¯ 4
I 1 = =  in.
12 3

y1 = 1  in.

 
 2
A2 = 8(2) = 16  in.

3
2(8 ) 256
¯ 4
I 2 = =  in.
12 3

y2 = 2 + 4 = 6  in.

A = A1 + A2 = 16 + 16

2
A = 32  in.

Aȳ = A1 y1 + A2 y2

32ȳ = 16(1) + 16(6)

ȳ = 3.5  in.

¯ ¯ 2 ¯ 2
I = [ I 1 + A1 (ȳ − y1 ) ] + [ I 2 + A2 (y2 − ȳ ) ]

¯ 16 2 256 2
I = [ + 16(3.5 − 1) ] + [ + 16(6 − 3.5) ]
3 3

¯
I = 290.67  in.
4
          answer
 

Another Solution

Click here to show or hide the solution

Tags: 
inverted t-beam moment of inertia centroid of area transfer formula for moment of inertia

‹ 818 Hollow square section | up

Moment of Inertia and Radius of 820 Unsymmetrical I-section |
Gyration Moment of Inertia ›

Log in or register to post comments

 Get a Free Autodesk eBook
Autodesk

Make better project decisions today. Get

“Civil Engineering Bene ts of BIM” eBook
now!

Subjects

Home » Engineering Mechanics » Moment of Inertia and Radius of Gyration

818 Hollow square section | Moment of Inertia and Radius of

Gyration

Problem 818
A hollow square cross section consists of an 8 in. by 8 in. square from which is subtracted a
concentrically placed square 4 in. by 4 in. Find the polar moment of inertia and the polar
radius of gyration with respect to a z axis passing through one of the outside corners.
 

Solution 818

Click here to show or hide the solution

Centroidal moment of inertia

¯ 1 3 3
I = (BH − bh )
12

¯ 1 3 3
I = [ 8(8 ) − 4(4 ) ]
12

¯ 4
I = 320  in.

¯ ¯ ¯
I x = I y = I

¯ ¯ 4
I x = I y = 320  in.

Area
2 2
A = 8 − 4

2
A = 48  in.

By transfer formula for moment of inertia

¯ 2
I = I + Ad
 2
I = 320 + 48(4 )

4
I = 1088  in.

Ix = Iy = I

4
Ix = Iy = 1088  in.

Polar moment of inertia

J = Iz = Ix + Iy

J = 1088 + 1088

J = 2176  in.
4
          answer
 

Radius of gyration
−− −−−− −
J 2176
kz = √ = √
A 48

kz = 6.733  in.           answer

Tags: 
moment of inertia radius of gyration transfer formula for moment of inertia polar moment
of inertia hollo square concentric square

‹ 817 Hollow Tube | Moment of up

Inertia and Radius of Gyration 819 Inverted T-section | Moment of
Inertia ›

Log in or register to post comments

 Natural Hair Systems $159
Worldwide Scholarships
HOLLYWOODLACE

Hollywood Lace Offers The Lightest, Most

Natural Custom & Stock Hair Systems 50%
Off

Subjects

Home » Engineering Mechanics » Moment of Inertia and Radius of Gyration

816 Polar moment of inertia and radius of gyration at one

corner of rectangle

Problem 816
A rectangle is 3 in. by 6 in. Determine the polar moment of inertia and the radius of gyration
with respect to a polar axis through one corner.
 

Solution 816

Click here to show or hide the solution

Moment of inertia about the x-axis

3 3
bh 6(3 )
Ix = =
3 3
4
Ix = 54  in.

Moment of inertia about the y-axis

3 3
hb 3(6 )
Iy = =
3 3

4
Iy = 216  in.

Polar moment of inertia

J = Ix + Iy = 54 + 216

J = 270  in.
4
          answer