Unsorted waste disposal to advance sustainability of

Neverland College

Introduction
In this case study, a sustainable solution is proposed to improve the waste management system of
the Neverland College situated at 50 Brokenwheel Ave, Neverland, BR-579. At the campus, the
student population is around 6,000 and more than 1200 professors and faculty. Due to the high
strength at the college and students activity at the college, a lot of waste is generated that is
collected from Departments, Concordia (cafeterias around the campus), Student hostels and
Faculty housing society. To serve the purpose of efficiently disposing the waste, it requires
efficient waste management techniques that would provide alternate benefits to the campus for
sustainable living. Further, the liquid waste can be processed to clean water that in turn will be
used for watering the plants and trees present in the campus.
The main objectives of the project include;
a. Provide a mechanism whereby the waste all over the campus be recycled efficiently
b. Assist in making the campus clean by collection of waste on schedule
c. Recycled waste water to be utilized for plants and trees around the campus to help in
building clean environment
d. Generate revenue that will support less privileged students to finance their tuitions

Background
A review of waste management trends and practices in other similar projects reveal that most of
these works focus on innovative solutions to the problems of inadequate and inefficient services
provided by local municipal committees. Waste management consists of all kinds of wastes,
whether generated during the extraction of raw materials, the processing of raw materials into
intermediate and final products, the consumption of final products, or other human activities
including municipal (residential, institutional, commercial), agricultural, and special (health care,
household hazardous wastes, sewage sludge)
The European Union approach to waste management is based on the ‘waste hierarchy’.
The aim of the waste hierarchy is to extract the maximum practical benefits from products and to
generate the minimum amount of waste, and it sets the following priority order when shaping waste
policy and managing waste at the operational level: prevention, (preparing for) reuse, recycling,
recovery and, as the least preferred option, disposal (which includes landfilling and incineration
without energy recovery).

The waste hierarchy is represented as a pyramid because the basic premise is to avoid and
reduce the generation of waste. The next step is to reduce the generation of waste, i.e. by re-use.
The next is recycling, which would include composting. Re-use (without further processing) and
recycling (processing waste materials to make the same or different products) keeps materials in
the productive economy and benefits the environment by decreasing the need for new materials
and waste absorption.

Where further recycling is not feasible, it may be possible to recover the energy from the
material and feed that back into the economy where this is acceptable to the community; so the
next step is material recovery and waste-to-energy. Energy can be recovered from processes, i.e.
landfill and combustion, at this level of the hierarchy. Some materials may be inappropriate to re-
use, recycle or recover for energy and instead require treatment to stabilize them and minimize
their environmental or health impacts. The final action is disposal, in landfills or through
incineration without energy recovery. The waste hierarchy recognizes that some types of waste,
such as hazardous chemicals or asbestos, cannot be safely recycled and direct treatment or disposal
is the most appropriate management option. This last step is the final resort for waste which has
not been prevented, diverted or recovered.

The objective of this study is to analyze the current waste management system within
Neverland College and develop strategies to improve it.

Method Section
The method, employed in-this-study is source specific characterization and quantification of the-
waste. Analysis of the total quantity of waste, in the entire university waste stream, by weight or
by volume, is known as waste quantification. Analysis of the composition of the waste stream, by
material type (e.g., glass, paper, metal, etc.) or by product types (e.g., glass containers, magazines,
cans, etc.), is referred to as waste characterization. The daily solid waste generated, as a result of
normal university operations, is broadly divided into-two-categories: (i) general education waste;
and (ii) non general education waste. The solid waste, generated, was collected from the source of
generation, before disposal, without compacting, and transported to a sorting facility. Samples
were collected, at source, from the identified waste generators.

Impact
Our strategy is to make steps for the installation of smart management system in the University
campus.
Smart waste management. It includes two innovative functions which are very important for waste
management service providers of all types13. The first one is related with the increasing of the
operational efficiency, which means to reduce the amount of time and energy required to provide
waste management services.

Public services and waste management companies have seen only limited innovation with
operational efficiency – until the last few years. One big problem that they have faced is that it is
better to pick up trash receptacles too often than being too full. They could only improve route
efficiencies, while still meeting the needs of their customers. But, the sanitation specialists must
still physically go to the dumpster to check trash levels. Because of this, trucks often visit
containers that do not need emptying, which wastes both time and fuel. The jump was performed
with the Internet of Things (IoT). So, smart sensors and sensor-level M2M technology have begun
to be used even for displaying trash receptacles.

A great example of an innovative waste company is Enovo17. They have created a

proprietary dumpster sensor and software system that, when placed on the lids of garbage
receptacles, can communicate to the waste management company whether the container is at full
capacity, when it needs to be emptied, what temperature the container is at, and more. It allows
the sanitation specialists to work more efficiently and cut unnecessary costs. The sensors can also
help the company to forecast when a dumpster will be full, allowing them to plan ahead future
routes. These increased efficiencies can cut costs by up to 50%. We intend to use a garbage
receptacle for each geographical location of our university, equipped with a Webcam, a
temperature sensor and a weight sensor, controlled by a local microcontroller, which will be used
to communicate via Intranet to a Central Computer the information regarding the container state.
This Central Computer will have a friendly interface for monitoring the entire university waste
state and it will be used for notifying by Internet the waste management company whether the
container is at full capacity and it needs to be emptied. It will communicate also what temperature
the container is at, and even an image with the container.

The second innovative function, important for the smart waste management is to reduce
the amount of waste created, it deals with managing the big quantity of waste created on a daily
basis. This could be dramatically reduced with the right M2M applications in place, which could
help with things like asset and material Tracking. For example, using the appropriate IoT
technology, every store could track exact quantities of specific products they regularly sell, cut
back on waste, and reduce defacement. Environmental protection and waste management are two
notions that complement and complete each other. It is vital for us to understand the nature of our
actions and most importantly the consequences derived from our actions. It is very popular
nowadays to talk about recycling, and we can even say it is trendy to be an environmentalist. But
behind fashion trends and beyond a certain need for compliance due to rules and regulation or have
to be aware of the fact that this matter of the waste is one that concerns us all. Our endeavor has
focused on the high variety of waste collected in a university campus and what are the best
solutions for improving the waste management in the context of a smart city, for which we
proposed a practical solution with the architecture.

With the cost of these technologies steadily decreasing and plenty of wireless technologies
available to make smart waste possible – Neverland College can stop throwing cash and efficiency
in the trash and make a solid business case for this type of investment.