Telecommunication General

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 Telecommunication General Interview Questions And Answers

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Telecommunication General Job Interview Preparation Guide.
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Question # 1
What are the different types of GSM antenna?
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Answer:-
ANDREW (65*, 90*)
KATHREIN,
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TIL-TEK,
ALGON.
(THEY ALL ARE THE DIRECTIONAL ANTENNA'S USED BY THE TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICE PROVIDER OPERATOR'S. LIKE AIRTEL,
VODAFONE, IDEA, B.S.N.L, TATA-DOCOMO, RELIANCE ETC)
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Question # 2
Do you know Which type of connector we use at the end of GSM antenna?
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Answer:-
7/8'"din male if feeder is 7/8,or 7/16'" if feeder is 1/2
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Question # 3
Tell me Which type of connector we use in FIFA card?
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Answer:-
1> TNC Male Connector is used in FIFA card.
2> SMB Connector is used in FIEA card.
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3> RJ48c Connector is used in FIPA card.
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Question # 4
Explain the configuration of 4+4+4?
Answer:-
in flexi in hardware one trx is two trx , means in one sector
2 trx (hardware device) in first sector.
2 trx (hardware device) in 2nd sector.
2 trx (hardware device) in 3rd sector.
total 6 trx (hardwar device)
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Question # 5
What is the structure of entire GSM?
Answer:-
This diagram shows that the GSM system uses a single type of
radio channel. Each radio channel in the GSM system has a
frequency bandwidth of 200 kHz and a data transmission rate
of approximately 270 kbps. This example shows that each
radio communication channel is divided into 8 time slots (0
through 7). This diagram shows that a simultaneous two-way
voice communication session requires at least one radio
channel communicates from the base station to the mobile
station (called the forward channel) and one channel
communicates from the mobile station to the base station
(called the reverse channel). This example also shows that

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 Telecommunication General Interview Questions And Answers

some of the radio channel capacity is used to transfer voice

(traffic) information and some of the radio channel capacity
is used to transfer control messages.
Normal Burst Structures
This figure shows the field structures of the normal burst
used in the GSM system. This diagram shows that the field
structure is different for the normal burst, synchronization
burst, and the frequency correction bursts. The fields
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transmitted during the normal burst include initial tail
bits (ramp-up time), training sequence, flag bits, user data
bits, final tail bits, and guard period. This diagram shows
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that the first 3 bits of the time slot are dedicated to the
gradual increase of transmitter power level (ramp-up). For
the normal burst, this is followed by the information (user
data) bits. The flag bits indicate if the normal burst has
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been replaced with FACCH signaling information. This diagram
shows that some of the bits in the center of the burst are
used as training bits (to allow equalizer training). At the
end of the transmitted burst there are tail bits (for error
protection) and 3 guard period bits that are used during the
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gradual reduction of the RF transmitter signal (ramp-down).
Fast Associated Control Channel (FACCH) Signaling
This figure shows that GSM FACCH signaling replaces (steals)
speech frames and replaces them with control information.
This example shows the FACCH messages is divided and
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transmitted over 8 sequential channel bursts and that the
speech information that would normally be transmitted is
discarded. When received, the FACCH message is reassembled
into its original message structure.
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Question # 6
What is the function of TRAU?
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Answer:-
TRAU Means the Transmission Rate Adaptation
Unit.Actually,it is a Transcoder unit(XCDR).it uses as an
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interface B/W BSC & MSC.it converts 16kbps data into 64
Kbps and vice versa.
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Question # 7
Explain the full form of ARFCN?
Answer:-
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Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number.
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Question # 8
Tell me What will happen if we change the polarity of microwave antenna?
Answer:-
There will always 20db descriminationation between
vertically and horizontally polarised antennas
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Question # 9
Explain How many types of Transmission cards are in Flexi BTS?
Answer:-
FC RRI Card
2. FC E1/T1 Card
3. FXC RRI Card
4. FXC E1/T1 Card
5. FXC E1 Card
6. Dummy Car
XC RRI,FXCE1/T1 two types of cards
1 RRI card,1 E1T1 card ,FIU card and TRX card depend upon
the configuration
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Question # 10
Do you know How many types of Transmission cards are in Ultra BTS?
Answer:-
NOKIA BTS DIVIDE IN FOLLOWING UNITS:

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 Telecommunication General Interview Questions And Answers

1. POWER CARDS
2. BB2F
3. Trx
4. BOIA CARD
5. ALARM EXTENSION SYSTEM
6. RRI CARD
7. COMBINER
8. DUPLEXER
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Question # 11
Explain We use PSWB card in which case?
Answer:-
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pwsb is known as power supply card and it is used for the power distribution to trx cards in case of ultra bts and dtrx cards in case of flexi bts
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Question # 12
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Tell me How many maximum slots we can use in ESMA card?
Answer:-
there are 6 slots in ESMA , we can use all of the 6 while connecting 6 dtrx in 4,4,4 mode but if we want to add sectors then we will require ESEA for this we need to
vaccant one slot to connect ESMA to ESEA, but ESEA has 12 slots so total 12+5 slots can be used
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Question # 13
What is What is the height of ESMA card?
Answer:-
3(HEIGHT UNIT)
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Question # 14
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What is the height of BTS?
Answer:-
generally height of an antenna is 45m to 70m accorading to
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as par geographycal area hight........it is change from
area to area.........
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Question # 15
Explain what is BTS? What are its different
configurations and what is the power consumption/peak current for each of these types of BTS?
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Answer:-
BTS abbreviated for Base Transiever Station is a collection of transmission and reception card designed for routing of signals from end user to msc and vice versa.
There are many types of BTS depending on the manufacturing companies viz nokia,ericcsion, zte,huwai etc ...i've worked on a few so can tell u about them
in nokia there is practically 2,2,2/4,4,4/8,8,8 configuration but this may vary depending upon the traffic requirement of the circle. mostly composite configurations are
used, like 2,3,3 or 2,2,4 etc.
these nos are nothing but no of trx cards in each sector , for example 2,2,2 is 2 trx cards in each of three sectors.
power consumption also is different for each type of BTS, for NOKIA's Flexi indoor BTS running on 222 config power requiremnt will be approx 48 watts per hour
typically on every BTS 48V is supplied with negative polarity.
feel free to mail me for any further doubts
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Question # 16
Explain what is Blackberry? please make it clear for a layman?
Answer:-
Blackberry is a top most Brant & high speed internet using
cell phone on this cell phone available many more advanced
options so very comparable cell phone for every parson
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Question # 17
Tell me Why the RSL of microwave link is in -ive?
Answer:-
Because it is very low value which have less loss of signal and less interfernce.
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 Telecommunication General Interview Questions And Answers

Question # 18
Do you know WHAT IS THE FREQUENCY BAND FOR 3G?
Answer:-
2100 MHZ Not 2100 only
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Question # 19
Tell me What is the total output power of an complete BTS, in dbm and watts?
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Answer:-
43dbm/20Watt is the output power of one TRx.The total output power depends on the number of Trx.
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Question # 20
Tell me BTS configuration 4+2+2?
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Answer:-
as per the utilization of sector,we can configure the
sectors a,b,c like below combination...
if 1st sector utilization is high 4+2+2
if 2nd sector utilization is high 2+4+2
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if 3rd sector utilization is high 2+2+4
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Question # 21
Explain the difference between NOC & NMS?
Answer:-
Network operation center (NOC). NOCs are responsible for
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monitoring the network for alarms like as power fail,
Service affected alarm (site down,LAPD OML fault, TRX close
HPA alarm etc)& communicate its field engineer to solved the
problem. if need any support for software base they provide
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to recover the problem.

A Network Management System (NMS) is a combination of

hardware and software used to monitor and administer a
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network. Communicate with NOC recover the Alarm.
NMS-->NOC-->Field Engineers=Solved the problem
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Question # 22
Explain What kind of internet speed control facilities (exact name) do internet service provider use and is it possible to check internet speed of each individual
consumer like speedtest.net does?
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Answer:-
make a server and check individual internet speed
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Question # 23
What is VSWR?
Answer:-
VSWR STANDS FOR VOLTAGE STANDING WAVE RATIO
THE RATIO OF THE MAXIMUM TO MINIMUM VALUE OF STANDING WAVE
PATTERN ALONG A TRANSMISSION LINE TO WHICH A LOAD IS CONNECTED.
IT SHOW HOW MUCH SIGNAL IS TRANSMITTED AND REFLECTED BACK.
USING SITE MASTER WE CAN MEASURE VSWR.
ITS RANG IS 1.00-1.30
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Question # 24
Tell me What is the frequency range used for Bluetooth in INDIA?
Answer:-
Bluetooth Works on 2.4 GHz
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Question # 25
Tell me What is the time taken for 1 satellite hop in voice communication?
Answer:-

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 Telecommunication General Interview Questions And Answers

The time taken for 1 satellite hop in voice

communication is 1/2 seconds
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Question # 26
Tell me What is the Maximum number of satellite hops allowed in voice communication?
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Answer:-
Only Two Hops
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Question # 27
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Tell me At what Frequency voice is sampled?
Answer:-
It is sampled at 8Khz as per Sampling theorem to reproduce
successfully in the other end.
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Question # 28
Explain Buffering?
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Answer:-
Buffering is a method of overlapping the computation of a
job with its execution. It temporarily stores input or
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output data in an attempt to better match the speeds of two
devices such as a fast CPU and a slow disk drive. If, for
example, the CPU writes information to the buffer, it can
continue in its computation while the disk drive stores the
information.
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Question # 29
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Do you know What is the type of signaling used between two exchanges?
Answer:-
different type of signalling in used betweeb two
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exchanges. its depend upon type of exchange some exchange
used q sig between each other some excahnges used isdn
between exchanges. so many other type. there are five tyope
of signaling is being used in the world
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Question # 30
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Tell me What is the layered architecture of the Internet? In a wireless network, describe how each layer would be different from a wired network?
Answer:-
5- Layer architecture of the Internet:
Application (Layer 5)
Transport (Layer 4)
Network (Layer 3)
Data Link (Layer 2)
Physical (Layer 1)
Differences between wireless network and wired network:
(1) Wired network uses wires (e.g., twisted pair, coax,
fiber optic) as transmission
media in physical layer. Wireless network uses air waves,
which requires different coding,
modulation schemes.
(2) Interference and collision is much more severe in
wireless networks. Data link
layer in wireless network uses different techniques to avoid
collision and make sure data
was received.
(3) Wireless network needs to deal with device location and
handover in network
layer. In wireless ad hoc networks, routing can be different
than wired networks.
(4) No big difference between wireless and wired network in
transport layer.
(5) Application layer is unaware of the physical aspects of
the network. Application
layer in wired network supports services like FTP, SMTP etc.
One can also take the
physical layer characteristics into account when writing an
application.

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 Telecommunication General Interview Questions And Answers

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Question # 31
Tell me what is the difference between tcp and udp?
Answer:-
TCP is Transmission Control Protocol and connection oriented
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protocol.
UDP is User Datagram Protocol and connectionless protocol.
use in stock market for information sending and receiving.
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Question # 32
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Do you know How does the traceroute work?
Answer:-
Trace route finds out when the packet has reached the
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destination point by including a port number that is outside
of the normal range. When it is received, a "port
unreachable" message is returned, enabling trace route to
determine the time length of the final hop.
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Question # 33
What is mean by bts?
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Answer:-
I dont know
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