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ASME B1.20.1 (ANSI B2.1 Pipe Threads)

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ASME B1.20.1 (ANSI B2.1 Pipe Threads)

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INDD 81.20.

1 83 II 2595512 0077958 194 II

ANSI-B1.20.1

ADOPTION NOTICE

ANSI-B1.20.1, "Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)," was

adopted on October 3, 1994 for use by the Department of
Defense (DoD). Proposed changes by DoD activities must be
submitted to the DoD Adopting Activity: Commanding Officer,
Naval Construction Battalion Center, Code 156, 1000 23rd
Avenue, Port Hueneme, CA 93043-4301. DoD activities may
obtain copies of this standard from the Standardization
Document Order Desk, 700 Robbins Avenue, Building 4D,
Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094. The private sector and other
Government agencies may purchase copies from the American
National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, New York,
NY 10036.

Custodians: Adopting Activity

Army - ME Navy - YD-1
Navy - YD-1
DLA - CS

AREA THDS

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release;

distribution is unlimited.

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ASME 81·20·1 83 II 2595512 0011841 3 . .

• AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL

PURPOSE (INCH)

ANSI/ASME 81.20.1- 1983

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• (REVISION AND REDESIGNATION OF ANSI 82.1-1968)

THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS

United Engineering Center 345 East 47th Street New York, N.Y. 10017

•
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ASME 81-20·1 83 II 2595512 0011842 5 II

•
Date of Issuance: August 31,1983

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This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for
American National Standards. The Consensus Committee that approved the code or standard was
balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity
to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and comment
which provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agen-
cies, and the public-at-large.
ASME does not "approve," "rate," or endorse" any item, construction, proprietary device, or
activity.
ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in
connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone
utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable Letters Patent, nor assume any
such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of
any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibilitY.
Participation by federal agency representative (s) or person (s) affiliated with industry is not to be
interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard.

No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,

in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of the publisher.

• FOREWORD

(This Foreword is not part of American National Standard, Pipe Threads, General
Purpose (Inch) ANSI/ASME B1.20.1-1983.)

In 1973 American National Standards Committee B2, which had formerly been responsible for pipe thread
standards, was absorbed by ANSI Standards Committee B1 and reorganized as subcommittee 20. A com-
plete rewrite of the B2.2-l968 standard on Dryseal Pipe Threads has been completed, with the product
thread data in separate documents from the gaging standards for Dryseal Pipe Threads. The system of num-
bering, to include metric conversions, is as follows:

ANSIB1.20.3-1976 Dryseal Pipe Threads (Inch)

ANSI B1.20.4-1976 Dryseal Pipe Threads (Metric Translation)
ANSI Bl.20.5-1978 Gaging for Dryseal Pipe Threads (Inch)
In preparation, Bl.20.6M Gaging for Dryseal Pipe Threads (Metric Translation)

A complete rewrite of the B2.1-1968 standard on Pipe Threads (Except Dryseal) was then undertaken.
The system of numbering, to include metric conversions, is as follows:

ANSI/ASME Bl.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)

•
In preparation, BL20.2M Pipe Threads, General Purpose t:Metric Translation)

These standards, ANSI/ASME B1.20.1 and B1.20.2M, have product thread dimensions and gaging in the
same document. Thread inspection specifies the use of L 1 taper thread plug and ring gages similar to
B2.1-1968. In addition, emphasis is given to the requirement that all basic thread design dimensions are to
be met within the specified tolerances.
The data in this Standard supersedethose given in ANSI B2.1-1968 ..
The ANSI/ASME Bl.20.l was approved by ASME Standards Committee Bl on December 1, 1982 for
publication as an official ANSI standard.
The proposed standard was submitted by standards committee Bl to the Secretariat and the American
National Standards Institute. It was approved and formally designated as an American National Standard
on February.~' 1983 .

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• ill

ASME STANDARDS COMMITTEE 81

Standardization and Unification of Screw Threads
•
(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)

OFFICERS

D. J. Emanuelli, Chairman H. W. Ellison, Vice Chairman

C. E. Lynch, Secretary
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COMMITTEE PERSONNEL

AEROSPACE INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA, INC.

G. G. Gerber, McDonnell Douglas, St. Louis, Missouri
H. Borrman, Alternate, Sperry Gyroscope Division, Great Neck, New York

AMERICAN IRON AND STEEL INSTITUTE

F. Dallas, Jr., Sawhill Tubular Division, Sharon, Pennsylvania

AMERICAN MEASURING TOOL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION

D. Dodge, Pennoyer-Dodge Company, Glendale, California

•
C. W. Jatho, Alternate, American Measuring Tool Manufacturers Association, Birmingham, Michigan

AMERICAN PIPE FITTINGS ASSOCIATION

W. C. Farrell, Stockham Valves and Fittings, Birmingham, Alabama

DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL SUPPLY CENTER

E. Schwartz, Defense Industrial Supply Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
F. S. Ciccarone, Alternate, Defense Industrial Supply Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

ENGINE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION

G. A. Russ, Cummins Engine Company, Columbus, Indiana

FARM AND INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT INSTITUTE

J. F. Nagy, Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, Michigan

INDUSTRIAL FASTENERS INSTITUTE

R. B. Belford, Industrial Fasteners Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
R. M. Harris, Bethlehem Steel Company, Lebanon, Pennsylvania
K. E. McCullough, SPS Technologies, Inc., Jenkintown, Pennsylvania
J. C. McMurray, Russell, Burdsall and Ward Inc., Mentor, Ohio
J. A. Trilling, Holo-Krome Company, West Hartford, Connecticut
E. D. Spengler, Alternate, Bethlehem Steel Company, Lebanon, Pennsylvania

MANUFACTURERS STANDARDIZATION SOCIETY OF THE VALVE AND FITTING INDUSTRY

W. C. Farrell, Stockham Valves and Fittings, Birmingham, Alabama

METAL CUTTING TOOL INSTITUTE (TAP & DIE DIVISION)

N. F. Nau, Union/Butterfield, Athol, Massachusetts
A. D. Shepherd, Jr., Alternate, Union/Butterfield, Derby Line, Vermont

iv
•
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ASME 81·20.1 83 II 2595512 0011845 0 II

• NATIONAL AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER AND FIRE CONTROL ASSOCIATION, INC.

W. Testa, Grinnell Fire Protection Systems Company, Inc., Providence, Rhode Island
R. P. Fleming, Alternate, National Automatic Sprinkler and Fire Control Association, Inc., Patterson, New York

NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION

J. L. Griffin, Wheatland Tube Company, Wheatland, Pennsylvania
J. B. Levy, General Electric Company, Schenectady, New York
F. F. Weingruber, Westinghouse Electric Corp., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
W. R. Williford, Alternate, National Electrical Manufacturers Association, Washington, D.C.

NATIONAL MACHINE TOOL BUILDERS ASSOCIATION

R. J. Sabatos, The Cleveland Twist Drill Company, Cleveland, Ohio
D. R. Stoner, Jr., Teledyne Landis Machine, Waynesboro, Pennsylvania

NATIONAL SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS ASSOCIATION

T. S. Meyer, Fischer Special Manufacturing Company, Cold Spring, Kentucky
H. A. Eichstaedt, Alternate, National Screw Machine Products Association, Brecksville, Ohio

SOCIETY OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS

H. W. Ellison, General Motors Technical Center, Warren, Michigan

SOCIETY OF MANUFACTURING ENGINEERS

D. Davidson, Morse/Hemco Corp., Holland, Michigan

TUBULAR RIVET AND MACHINE INSTITUTE

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R. M. Byrne, Industry Service Bureaus, Inc., White Plains, New York

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE

R. P. Stewart, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, Ohio

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

•
J. Crowley, U.S. Army Material Development and Readiness Command, Alexandria, Virginia
F. J. Clas, Watervliet Arsenal, Watervliet, New York
F. L. Jones, Alternate, U.S. Army Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, Alabama

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

E. Schwartz, Defense Industrial Supply Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

C. T. Gustafson, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Portsmouth, New Hampshire

INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS
C. T. Appleton, Jefferson, Massachusetts
D. N. Badgley, Clark Equipment Company, Battle Creek, Michigan
J. BoehnLein, PMC Industries, Wickliffe, Ohio
W. E. Bour, Santa Monica, California
A. R. Breed, Mechanical Fasteners and Assembly, Lakewood, Ohio
R. Browning, Southern Gage Company, Erin, Tennessee
A. Butovich, Air Industries Corp., Garden Grove, California
R. S. Chamerda, The Johnson Gage Company, Bloomfield, Connecticut
J. F. Cramer, Des Moines, Washington
J. F; Dickson, Reed Rolled Thread Die Company, Holden, Massachusetts
R. B. Donahue, Xerox Corp., Webster, New York
E. W. Drescher, Lancaster, Pennsylvania
D. J. Emanuelli, Greenfield Tap and Die, Greenfield, Massachusetts
C. G. Erickson, Colt Industries, Sterling Die Operation, West Hartford, Connecticut
S. I. Kanter, The Hanson-Whitney Company, Hartford, Connecticut
R. W. Lamport, The VanKeuren Company, Watertown, Massachusetts
A. R. Machell, Jr., Xerox Corp., Rochester, New York
A. E. Masterson, Watervliet, New York
R. E. Mazzara, Geometric Tool, New Haven, Connecticut
H. G. Muenchinger, Westerly, Rhode Island

•
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ASME 81-20·1 83 II 2595512 0011846 2 II

P.
M.
A.
L.
A.
J.
V. Pastore, Regal Beloit Corp., South Beloit, Illinois
M. Schuster, Hi-Shear Corp., Torrance, California
G. Strang, Boyds, Maryland
R. Strang, Caterpillar Tractor Company, Peoria, Illinois
F. Thibodeau, Swanson Tool Manufacturing, Inc., West Hartford, Connecticut
Turton, The Bendix Corp., Greenfield, Massachusetts
•
PERSONNEL OF SUBCOMMITTEE 81.20- PIPE THREADS
D. N. Badgley, Chairman, Clark Equipment Company, Battle Creek, Michigan
W. A. Keaton, Vice-Chairman, General Motors Technical Center, Warren, Michigan
J. S. Hinske, Secretary, Parker-Hannifin Corp., Worcester, Massachusetts
C. Banks, Naval Sea System Command, Washington, D.C.
M. Bibeau, Jamesbury Corp., Worcester, Massachusetts
R. J. Browning, Southern Gage Company, Erin, Tennessee
D. Cadieux, TRW/Greenfield Tap & Die Division, Greenfield, Massachusetts
J. A. Casner, Hydril Technology Center, Houston, Texas
W. 0. Clinedinst, Belleair, Florida
W. R. Cochran, J&L Steel Corp., Aliquippa, Pennsylvania
F. Dallas, Jr., Sawhill Tubular Division, Cyclops Corporation, Sharon, Pennsylvania
D. Davidson, Morse/Hemco Corp., Holland, Michigan
D. Dodge, Pennoyer-Dodge Company, Glendale, California
W. C. Farrell, Jr., Stockham Valves & Fittings, Birmingham, Alabama
L. S. Feldheim, The Weatherhead Company, Cleveland, Ohio
A. C. Flanders, Picoma Industries, Inc., Martins Ferry, Ohio
W. A. Franz, U.S. Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
H. D. Goldberg, Allied Tube & Conduit Corp., Harvey, Illinois

•
W. E. Hay, The Pipe Machinery Company, Wickliffe, Ohio
S. I. Kanter, The Hanson-Whitney Company, Hartford, Connecticut
G. K. Otten, Wheeling Machine Products Company, Wheeling, West Virginia
R. S. Piotrowski, Mack Trucks, Inc., Allentown, Pennsylvania
G. Russ, Cummins Engine Company, Inc., Columbus, Indiana
A. D. Shepherd, Jr., Litton Union/Butterfield, Derby Line, Vermont
A. G. Strang, Boyds, Maryland
J. Turton, The Bendix Corp., Inc., Greenfield, Massachusettts

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vi
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ASME 81-20-1 83 II 2595512 0011847 4 II

•
CONTENTS
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Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ill
Standards Committee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . •. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . 1
1.1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . 1
1.2 Thread Designations . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . 1
1.3 Sealing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . •. . . . . . . . . . . :. .. . . . 1
1.4 Inspection .......... :, . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . 1
1.5 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . 1

•
1.6 Related Standard . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. •. . . . 1
2 American National Standard Pipe Thread Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1 Thread Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2 Angle of Thread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.3 Truncation and Thread Height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3 Specification for General Purpose Taper Pipe Threads, NPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3 .1 Taper Pipe Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3 .2 Tolerances . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4 Specifications for Internal Straight Threads in Pipe Couplings, NPSC . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.1 Straight Pipe Threads in Pipe Couplings .... : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
5 Specifications for Railing Joint Taper Pipe Threads, NPTR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
5.1 Railing Joints ....... -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
6 Specifications for Straight Pipe Threads for Mechanical Joints;
NPSM, NPSL, NPSH. . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
6.1 Straight Pipe Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
6.2 Free-Fitting Mechanical Jointsfor Fixtures, NPSM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
6.3 Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints With Locknuts, NPSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
6.4 Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints for Hose Coupling, NPSH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
7 Gages and Gage Tolerances for American National Standard Pipe Threads . . . . . . . . 16
7.1 Design of Gages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
7.2 Classes of Gages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
7.3 Gage Tolerances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
7.4 Relation of Lead and Angle Deviations to Pitch Diameter

•
Tolerances of Gages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

vii

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•
8 Gaging of Taper Pipe Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
8.1 Gaging External Taper Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
8.2 Gaging Internal Taper Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
8 .3 Gaging Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
8.4 Gaging Chamfered, Countersunk, or Recessed Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
9 Gaging of Straight Pipe Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
9.1 Types of Gages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
9.2 Gage Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Figures
Basic Form of American National Standard Taper Pipe Thread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2 American National Standard Taper Pipe Threads for Pressure-Tight Joints, NPT . . . . 4
3 American National Standard Taper Pipe Thread Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4 NPT Standard Taper Pipe Thread Plug and Ring Gages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5 Suggested Form of Gage Thread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
6 Gaging External Taper Threads With Ring Gage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
7 Gaging Internal Taper Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
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8 Gaging of Chamfered Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Tables

Limits on Crest and Root Truncation of American National Standard External

and Internal Taper Pipe Threads, NPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2
3
4
5
6
Basic Dimensions of American National Standard Taper Pipe Thread, NPT ....... .
Tolerances on Taper, Lead, and Angle of Pipe Threads, NPT ................ .
Dimensions, Internal Straight Threads in Pipe Coupling, NPSC ............... .
Dimensions of External and Internal Taper Pipe Threads for Railing Joints, NPTR .. .
Dimensions of External and Internal Straight Pipe Threads for Fixtures, NPSM .... .
6
8
8
10
11
•
7 Dimensions, External and Internal Straight Pipe Thread for
Locknut Connections, NPSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
8 Basic Dimensions of Threaded Plug and Ring Gages for National American National
Standard Taper Pipe Threads, NPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... 17
9 Tolerances for American National Standard Working Taper Pipe Thread Plug and
Ring Gages, NPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
10 Diameter Equivalent of Deviation in Half Included Angle of Thread for
Tools and Gages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... . 20
11 Diameter Equivalent of Deviation in Lead for Tools and Gages ............... . 21

Appendix 23

viii
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ASME 81 .20.1 83 II 2595512 0011849 8 II

ANSI/ASME 81.20.1-1983

• AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

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PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE {INCH)

1 INTRODUCTION 1.2.3 Coated or Plated Threads. The threaded

product specifications covered in this Standard do
1.1 Scope
not include an allowance for coatings or plating.
This American National Standard covers dimen- _
sions and gaging of pipe threads for general purpose
1.3 Sealing
applications.
1.3.1 Where pressure-tight joints are required, it i:>
intended that taper pipe threads conforming to this
1.2 Thread Designations Standard be made up wrench-tight with a sealant.
To prevent galling on certain piping materials such as
1.2.1 The types of pipe threads included in this stainless steels, the sealant usually contains a lubricant.
Standard are designated by specifying in sequence
the nominal pipe size, 1 number of threads per inch 1.3.2 Pipe threads designed for pressure-tight
and the thread series symbol as follows: joints that may be used without sealing compounds
(Dryseal Threads) are covered in ANSI B1.20.3 (Inch)
3/8 -18 NPT and ANSI B1.20.4 (Metric Translation).
1/8-27 NPSC
1/2-14 NPTR

• 1/8-27 NPSM 1.4 Inspection

1/8-27 NPSL A gaging method and tolerances are prescribed in
1 -11.5 NPSH
this Standard to effect a functional inspection of the
For left hand threads add LH to the designation, handtight L 1 engagement threads. However, con-
otherwise right hand threads will be understood. For formance to this Standard requires that all basic
example: design dimensions be met (within applicable toler-
ances) including extension of the thread elements to
3/8 - 18 NPT- LH
provide for wrench-tight makeup. Therefore, addi-
tional methods of gaging may be employed to
1.2.2 Each of these letters in the symbols has a
evaluate conformance to the basic design dimensions.
defmite significance as follows:
When additional methods of gaging are employed,
N = National (American) Standard they shall be agreed upon by the supplier and the
P =Pipe purchaser.
T =Taper
C =Coupling 1.5 Appendix
S =Straight
M = Mechanical Useful and supplementary information which is
L =Locknut not a part of this Standard is presented in the Appen-
H = Hose Coupling dix. Specifically, the Appendix gives Suggested Twist
R = Railing Fittings Drill Diameters for Drilled Hole Sizes for Pipe
Threads.

1.6 Related Standard

1
Where it is necessary to use decimal notation for the size
designation (as when inserting such in a computer or elec- Definitions of terms and symbols for thread di-

•
tronic accounting machine) the decimal equivalent of nom- mensions are given in ANSI B1.7, Nomenclature,
inal pipe size may be substituted for fractional pipe sizes. Definitions and Letter Symbols for Screw Threads.

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANSI/ASME B1.20.1-1983

•
External Thread Internal Thread
NOTATION
H 0.866025p height of 60 deg. sharp V thread 11 1 deg. 47 min.= thread taper angle for 1/16 taper
h 0.800000p = height of thread on product fc =
depth of truncation at crest
p 1/n pitch (measured parallel to axis) fr =
depth of truncation at root
n number of threads per inch Fc =
width of flat at crest
~ 30 deg. = thread flank angle Fr =
width of flat at root
GENERAL NOTE: For a symmetrical straight screw thread, H =cot W2n. For a symmetrical taper screw thread, H =(cot
a tan {3 tan ~l/2n, so that the exact value for an American National Standard taper pipe thread isH= 0.865743p as
2

against H 0.866025p, the value given above. For an 8-pitch thread, which is the coarsest standard taper pipe thread pitch,
the corresponding values of Hare 0.108218 and 0.108253 respectively, the difference being 0.000035 inch. This difference
being too small to be significant, the value of H = 0.866025p continues in use for threads of 0. 760 ln., or less, taper/ft on
the diameter.

FJG.1 BASIC FORM OF AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD TAPER PIPE THREAD

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2
•
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...-.. ..
~ r~

Internal Thread "CC)>

::;z
ml>
-i~
:em
:O:o
m-
>n
cl> ):>
CJ) .z £/)
. z ::z
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m-i r'1
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me ID
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1::-'

ru
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'tlz .
0

Co I:-'
C/))>
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l.n
l.n
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External Thread c::::l
CJ
TABLE 1 LIMITS ON CREST AND ROOT TRUNCATION OF AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD 1::-'
1::-'
EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL TAPER PIPE THREADS, NPT1 Q:l
l.n
1::-'
Height of Truncation (f) Equivalent Width of Flat (F)
Height of Thread IT'
Threads/ Sharp V
in. (h) Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum
(n)
Thread
(H) Maximum Minimum Formula in. Formula in.
Tolerance
Formula in. Formula in.
Tolerance I
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
27 0.03208 0.02963 0.02496 0.033p 0.0012 0.096p 0.0036 0.0024 0.038p 0.0014 0.111p 0.0041 0.0027 )>
18 0.04811 0.04444 0.03833 0.033p 0.0018 0.088p 0.0049 0.0031 0.038p 0.0021 0.102p 0.0057 0.0036 z
CJ)
:::::
)>
14 0.06186 0.05714 0.05071 0.033p 0.0024 0.078p 0.0056 0.0032 0.038p 0.0027 0.090p 0.0064 0.0037 CJ)
11.5 0.07531 0.06957 0.06261 0.033p 0.0029 0.073p 0.0063 0.0034 0.038p 0.0033 0,084p 0;0073 0.0040
==
m
8
-----
0.10825
--
0.10000
---- -
0.09275
----
0.033p
---·-
0.0041
-----
0.062p
-----
0.0078
--
0.0037
- - -
0.038p 0.0048 0.072p 0.0090 0.0042 ~
~
--·

Q
NOTE:
(1) The basic dimensions of the Americar:~ National Standard Taper Pipe Thread are given in inches to four and five decimal places. While this ...:...'
10
imp Iies a greater degree of precision than is ordinarily attained, these dimensions are so expressed for the purpose of eliminating errors in com- ~
putations.

{ \

0
COPYRIGHT 2003; American Society of Mechanical Engineers
f
--`,```,,`,,``,``,`,`,,```,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

I
( Document provided by IHS Licensee=UTC P&W USA/9999506004, User=, 08/08/2003
05:00:45 MDT Questions or comments about this message: please call the Document
t
)
Policy Management Group at 1-800-451-1584.
ASME 91.20.1 83 II 2595512 0011852 8 II

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANSI!ASME 81.20.1-1983

Internal Thread

External Thread

GENERAL NOTE:
When threaded joints are made up wrench-tight with lubricant or sealer, it is intended that the flanks shall be in contact.

FIG. 2. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD TAPER PIPE THREADS FOR PRESSURE-TIGHT JOINTS, NPT

2 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD h =0.800p =0.800/n

PIPE THREAD FORM
The crest and root of pipe threads are truncated a
2.1 Thread Form
minimum of 0.033p. The maximum depth of trunca-
The form of thread profile specified in this Stan- tion for the crest and root of these pipe threads will
dard shall be known as the American National Stan- be found in Table 1. The crests and roots of the ex-
dard Pipe Thread Form. The relations as specified ternal and internal threads may be truncated either
herein, for form of thread and general notation are parallel to the pitch line or parallel to the axis.
shown in Fig. 1. The sketch in Table 2, giving a sectional view of
this Standard thread form, represents the truncated
thread form by a straight line. However, when closely
2.2 Angle of Thread
examined, the crests and roots of commercially
The angle between the sides of the thread is 60 manufactured pipe threads appear slightly rounded.
deg when measured in an axial plane. The line bisect- When crests and roots of threading tools or chasers lie
ing this angle is perpendicular to the axis. within the limits shown in Table 1, the pipe threads
of products produced by such means are acceptable
on the basis of in-process control.
2.3 Truncation and Thread Height
The height of the sharp V thread, H, is
3 SPECIFICATION FOR GENERAL PURPOSE
H= 0.866025p =0.866025/n TAPER PIPE THREADS, NPT
3.1 Taper Pipe Threads
where
Threads made in accordance with these specifica-
p =pitch of thread
tions consist of an external taper and an internal
n =threads per inch
taper thread, to form the normal type of joint having
The basic maximum depth of the truncated general application on pipe and fittings. See Fig. 2.
thread, h (see Fig. 1), is based on factors enter- NPf taper pipe threads are intended to be made
ing into the manufacture of cutting tools and the up wrenchctight and with a sealant whenever a pres-
making of tight joints. sure-tight joint is required.
4

COPYRIGHT 2003; American Society of Mechanical Engineers

--`,```,,`,,``,``,`,`,,```,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Document provided by IHS Licensee=UTC P&W USA/9999506004, User=, 08/08/2003

0
05:00:45 MDT Questions or comments about this message: please call the Document
Policy Management Group at 1-800-451-1584.
ASME 81·20·1 83 II 2595512 0011853 T II

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANSI/ASME 81.20.1-1983

• iii
E
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FIG. 3 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

TAPER PIPE THREAD NOTATION

Sealing is affected by out-of-roundness which is 3.1.3 Form of Thread. The form of the thread for
possible between the wrench-tight mated parts in final American National Standard Taper Pipe Threads is
assembly. This will vary depending on the method for that specified in 2.1.

• producing the thread in conjunction with the elasticity

and/or ductility of the mating parts and the resultant
conformance at fmal assembly.
3.1.1 Thread Designation and Notation. American
National Standard Taper Pipe Threads are designated
in accordance with 1.2.1 as follows:
3.1.4 Taper of Thread. The taper of the thread is
1 in 16 or 0.75 in./ft measured on the diameter and
along the axis.
3.1.5 Diameter of Thread. The basic pitch diame-
ters of the taper thread are determined by the follow-
ing formulas 2 based on the outside diameter of the
pipe and the pitch of the thread:
3/8-18 NPT
E 0 = D- (O.OSD + 1.1) 1/n
~ Standard notation applicable to American National
= D- (O.OSD + 1.1) p
Standard Taper Pipe Threads is shown in Fig. 3.
E1 = E 0 + 0.0625L 1
3.1.2 Designation of Plated Threads. The product
specifications of this Standard do not include an where
allowance for plating. If plating is desired, it may be D = outside diameter of pipe
necessary to modify the threads since the same final E 0 = pitch diameter of thread at end of pipe or
gaging requirements must be satisfied for plated and small end of external thread
unplated parts. This may be emphasized by adding E 1 = pitch diameter of thread at the gaging notch
the words AFTER PLATING to the designation. For or large end of internal thread
manufacturing purposes, notes {or plated taper pipe L1 = normal
engagement by hand between exter-
threads may specify the gage limits (turns or threads nal and internal threads
engagement) before plating followed by the words n = threads per inch
BEFORE PLATING. These should be followed by
the standard gage limits (turns or threads engage- 2 For the %-27 and %-18 sizes, E approx. =D- (O.OSD
1
ment) after plating and the words AFTER PLATING. +0.827)p.

• --`,```,,`,,``,``,`,`,,```,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

COPYRIGHT 2003; American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Document provided by IHS Licensee=UTC P&W USA/9999506004, User=, 08/08/2003

05:00:45 MDT Questions or comments about this message: please call the Document
Policy Management Group at 1-800-451-1584.
ASME 81.20.1 83 II 2595512 0011854 1 II

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANSI/ASME 81.20.1·1983
...._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ f . . 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - t l o l

...--------L2-------~~---v--~
(Vanish threads
due to chamfer
on die)
Taper of thread
1 in 16 measured
•
Pitch line

D
I

TABLE 2 BASIC DIMENSIONS OF AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD TAPER PIPE THREAD, NPT1

Pitch Diam. Handtight Engagement Effective Thread, External

Nominal O.D.of Pitch of at Beginning 2
Length4 IL 2)
Length ILtl
Pipe Pipe Threads/ln. Thread of External Diam. 3 Dlam.
Size (D) (n) (P) Thread CEo) ~hreads (Etl inch Threads (Ezl
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
--`,```,,`,,``,``,`,`,,```,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

%6 0.3125 27 0.03704 0.27118 0.160 4.32 0.28118 0.2611 7.05 0.28750

•
Ys 0.405 27 0.03704 0.36351 0.1615 4.36 0.37360 0.2639 7.12 0.38000
% 0.540 18 0.05556 0.47739 0.2278 4.10 0.49163 0.4018 7.23 0.50250
% 0.675 18 0.05556 0.61201 0.240 4.32 0.62701 0.4078 7.34 0.63750
1/2 0.840 14 0.07143 0.75843 0.320 4.48 0.77843 0.5337 7.47 0.79179
% 1.050 14 0.07143 0.96768 0.339 4.75 0.98887 0.5457 7.64 1.00179
1 1.315 11.5 0.08696 1.21363 0.400 4.60 1.23863 0.6828 7.85 1.25630
1 y4 1.660 11.5 0.08686 1.55713 0.420 4.83 1.58338 0.7068 8,13 1.60130
1'/2 1.900 11.5 0.08696 1.79609 0.420 4,83 1.82234 0.7235 8.32 1.84130
2 2.375 11.5 0.08696 2.26902 0.436 5.01 2.29627 0.7565 8.70 2.31630
21/2 2.875 8 0.12500 2.71953 0.682 5,46 2.76216 1.1375 9.10 2.79062
3 3.500 8 0.12500 3.34062 0.766 6.13 3.38850 1.2000 9.60 3.41562
3Yz 4.000 8 0.12500 3.83750 0.821 6.57 3,88881 1.2500 10.00 3.91562
4 4.500 8 0.12500 4.33438 0.844 6.75 4.38712 1.3000 10.40 4.41562
5 5.563 8 0.12500 5.39073 0.937 7.50 5.44929 1.4063 11.25 5.47862
6 6.625 8 0.12500 6.44609 0.958 7.66 6,50597 1.5125 12.10 6.54062
8 8.625 8 0.12500 8.43359 1.063 8.50 8.50003 1.7125 13.70 8.54062
10 10.750 8 0.12500 10.54531 1.210 9.68 10.62094 1.9250 15.40 10.66562
12 12.750 8 0.12500 12.53281 1.360 10.88 12.61781 2.1250 17.00 12.66562
140.D. 14.000 8 0.12500 13.77500 1.562 12.50 13.87262 2.2500 18.00 13.91562
16 O.D. 16.000 8 0.12500 15.76250 1.812 14.50 15.87575 2.4500 19.60 15.91562
18 O.D. 18.000 8 0.12500 17.75000 2.000 16.00 17.87500 2.6500 21.20 17.91562
20 O.D. 20.000 8 0.12500 19.73750 2.125 17.00 19.87031 2.8500 22.80 19.91562
24 O.D. 24.000 8 0.12500 23.71250 2.375 19.00 23.86094 3.2500 26.00 23.91562
NOTES:
(1) The basic dimensions of the American National Standard Taper Pipe Thread are given in inches to four or five decimal places. While this
implies a greater degree of precision than is ordinarily attained, these dimensions are the basis of gage dimensions and are so expressed for the
purpose of eliminating errors in computations.
(2) Also length of thin ring gage and length from gaging notch to small end of plug gage.

•
(3) Also pitch diameter at gaging notch (handtight plane).
(4) Also length of plug gage.

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANSI/ASME 81.20.1-1983

•
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;;·

TABLE 2 BASIC DIMENSIONS OF AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD TAPER PIPE THREAD, NPT 1 (CONT'D)

Length, L1 Plane Overa11 8 Basic6

Wrench Makeup Length for Nominal Complete
to L2 Plane Vanish Thread Length - 5 Height Increase MinorDiam.
Internal Thread 7 External Threads
Nominal External Thread (V) External of in Diam./ at Small
Pipe IL2- Ld Length (L3) Diam. Thread Length Diam. Thread Thread End of
Size in, Thread in. Thread (£3) in. Thread IL4) (Lsl (Es) (h) (0.0625/n) Pipe (Ko)
-
1 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

%6 0.1011 2.73 0.1111 3 0.26424 0.1285 3.47 0.3896 0.1870 0.28287 0.02963 0.00231 0.2416

•
% 0.1024 2.76 0.1111 3 0.35656 0.1285 3,47 0.3924 0.1898 0.37537 0.02963 0.00231 0.3339

Y4 0.1740 3.13 0.1667 3 0.46697 0.1928 3.47 0.5946 0.2907 0.49556 0.04444 0.00347 0.4329
% 0.1678 3.02 0.1667 3 0.60160 0.1928 3.47 0.6006 0.2967 0.63056 0.04444 0.003!-1-7 0.5676
% 0.2137 2.99 0.2143 3 0.74504 0.2478 3.47 0.7815 0.3909 0.78286 0.05714 0.00446 0.7013
% 0.2067 2.89 0.2143 3 0.95429 0.2478 3.47 0.7935 0.4029 0.99286 0.05714 0.00446 0.9105
1 0.2828 3.25 0.2609 3 1.19733 0.3017 3.47 0.9845 0.5089 1.24543 0.06957 0.00543 1.1441
1Y4 0.2868 3.30 0.2609 3 1.54083 0.3017 3.47 1.0085 0.5329 1.59043 0.06957 0.00543 1.4876
1Y2 0.3035 3.49 0.2609 3 1.77978 0.3017 3.47 1.0252 0.5496 1.83043 0.06957 0.0054-3 1.7265
2 0.3205 3.69 0.2609 3 2.25272 0.3017 3.47 1.0582 0.5826 2.30543 0.06957 0.00543 2.1995
2Y2 0.4555 3.64 0.2500 2 2.70391 0.4337 3.47 1.5712 0.8875 2.77500 0.100000 0.00781 2.6195
3 0.4340 3.47 0.2500 2 3.32500 0.4337 3.4-7 1.6337 0.9500 -3.40000 0.100000 0.00781 3.2406
31,12 0.4290 3.43 0.2500 2 3.82188 0.4337 3.47 1.6837 1.0000 3.90000 0.100000 0.00781 3.7375
4 0.4560 3.65 0.2500 2 4.31875 0.4337 3.47 1.7337 1.0500 4.40000 0.100000 0.00781 4.2344
5 0.4693 3.75 0.2500 2 5.37511 0.4337 3.47 1.8400 1.1563 5.4630()- 0.100000 - 0.00781 5.2907
6 0.5545 4.44 0.2500 2 6.43047 0.4337 3.47 1.9462 1.2625 6.52500 0.100000 0.00781 6.3461
8 0.6495 5.20 0.2500 2 8.41797 0.4337 3.47 2.1462 - ~ .4625 8.52500 o.fooooo 0.00781 8.3336
10 0.7150 5.72 0.2500 2 10.52969 0.4337 3.47 2.3587 1.6750 10.65000 0.100000 0.00781 10.4453
12 0.7650 6.12 0.2500 2 12.51719 0.4337 3.47 2.5587 1.8750 12.65000 0.100000 0.00781 12.4328
14 O.D. 0.6880 5.50 0.2500 2 13.75938 0.4337 3.47 2.6837 2.0000 13.90000 0.100000 0.00781 13.6750
16 O.D. 0.6380 5.10 0.2500 2 15.74688 0.4337 3.47 2.8837 2.2000 15.90000 0.100000 0.00781 15.6625
18 O.D. 0.6500 5.20 0.2500 2 17.73438 0.4337 3.47 3.0837 2.4000 17.90000 0.100000 0,00781 17.6500
200.0. 0.7250 5.80 0.2500 2 19.72188 0.4337 3.47 3.2837 2.6000 19.90000 0.100000 0.00781 19.6375
240.0. 0.8750 7.00 0.2500 2 23.69688 0.4337 3.4-7 3.6837 3.0000 23.90000 0.100000 0.00781 23.6125

(5) The length Ls from the end of the pipe determines the plane beyond which the thread form is incomplete at the crest. The next two threads
are complete at the root. At this plane the cone formed by the crests of the thread intersects the cylinder forming the external surface of the
pipe. Ls = L2 - 2p.
(6) Given as information for use in selecting tap drills. (See Appendix).

•
(7) Military Specification MIL-P-7105 gives the wrench makeup as three threads for sizes 3 and smaller. The £ 3 dimensions are as follows:
Nominal pipe size 2% = 2.69609 and size 3 = 3.31719; sizes 2 and smaller same as above, col. 16 .
(8) Reference dimension.
7

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANSI/ASME 81.20.1-1983

TABLE 3 TOLERANCES ON TAPER, LEAD, AND

ANGLE OF PIPE THREADS, NPT

Tolerances
Taper on Pitch Line Lead in Length 60 deg. Angle
•
Nominal (3/4 in./ft) of Effective of Threads,
Pipe Threads/in. Threads degrees
Size (n) Maximum Minimum (±) (±)

1 2 3 4 5 6

y16, Ys 27 +% - y16 0.003 2'/2

'l4,% 18 +% - y16 0.003 2
%,% 14 +% - y16 0.003 1 2
1, 1'l4, 1'l2, 2 11.5 +% - y16 0.003 1 1 y2
2'l2 and larger 8 +% - y16 0.003 1 1 y2

GENERAL NOTE:
For tolerances on depth of thread see Table 1, and for tolerances on functional size, see 3.2.1.
NOTE:
(1 l The tolerance on lead shall be ±0.003 in./in. on any size threaded to an effective thread length
greater than 1 in.

TABLE 4 DIMENSIONS, INTERNAL STRAIGHT THREADS IN PIPE COUPLING, NPSC

Nominal
Pipe
Size
{Pressure-tight Joints With Lubricant or Sealant)

O.D.
of Pipe
(D)
Threads/in.
(n)
Minor Diameter,
Minimum Minimum
Pitch Diameter 1
Maximum
•
--`,```,,`,,``,``,`,`,,```,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

1 2 3 4 5 6

'ls 0.405 27 0.340 0.3701 0.3771

L4 0.540 18 0.442 0.4864 0.4968

Ys 0.675 18 0.577 0.6218 0.6322
% 0.840 14 0.715 0.7717 0.7851
% 1.050 14 0.925 0.9822 0.9956
1 1.315 11.5 1.161 1.2305 1.2468
1% 1.660 11.5 1.506 1.5752 1.5915
1'l2 1.900 11.5 1.745 1.8142 1.8305
2 2.375 11.5 2.219 2.2881 2.3044
2% 2.875 8 2.650 2.7504 2.7739
3 3.500 8 3.277 3.3768 3.4002
3'l2 4.000 8 3.777 3.8771 3.9005
4 4.500 8 4.275 4.3754 4.3988

NOTE:
(1 l Attention is called to the fact that the actual pitch diameter of the straight tapped hole will be
slightly smaller than the value given when gaged with a taper plug gage as specified in 9.1.2.

.~.
8
•
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05:00:45 MDT Questions or comments about this message: please call the Document
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ASME 81· 20 ·1 83 • 2595512 001-1857 7 •
AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANSI/ASME 81.20.1-1983

3.1.6 Length of Thread. The basic length of the in conjunction with tooling control of thread ele-
effective external taper thread L 2 , is determined by ments, e.g., taps and dies, to provide satisfactory
the following formula based on the outside diameter control of functional size. Therefore, no tolerances
of the pipe and the pitch of the thread: on thread elements have been established for this
class.
L 2 = (0.80D +6.8) 1/n For service conditions, where more exact checks
= (0.80D + 6.8) p are required, procedures have been developed by
industry to supplement the standard plug and ring
where gage method of gaging.
D = outside diameter of pipe
n = threads per inch
4 SPECIFICATIONS FOR INTERNAL STRAIGHT
This formula determines directly the length of THREADS IN PIPE COUPLINGS, NPSC
effective thread which includes two usable threads
4.1 Straight Pipe Threads in Pipe Couplings
slightly incomplete at the crest.
Threads in pipe couplings made in accordance
3.1.7 Engagement Between-External and Internal
with these specifications are straight (parallel) threads
Taper Threads. The normal length of engagement
of the same thread form as the American National
between external and internal taper threads when
Standard Taper Pipe Thread specified in 2.1. They are
screwed together handtight is shown in col. 6, Table
used to form pressure-tight joints when assembled
2. This length is controlled by the construction and
with an American National Standard external taper
use of the gages. It is recognized that in special
pipe thread and made up wrench-tight with lubricant
applications, such as flanges for high pressure work,
or sealant.
longer thread engagement is used, in which case the
pitch diameter (dimension E 1 , Table 2) is maintained 4.1.1 Thread Designation. The American National
and the pitch diameter Eo at the end of the pipe is Standard Coupling Straight Pipe Threads are desig-
proportionately smaller. nated in accordance with 1.2.1 as follows:

--`,```,,`,,``,``,`,`,,```,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
3.1.8 Basic Dimensions. The basic dimensions of 1/8-27 NPSC
taper pipe threads, derived from the above specifica-
tions, are given in Table 2. All dimensions are given in 4.1.2 Dimensions and Limits of Size. The dimen-
inches unless otherwise specified. sions and pitch diameter limits of size are specified in
Table 4. The pitch diameter limits of size correspond
to one and one-half turns large or. small of the stan-
3.2 Tolerances dard taper pipe thread. The major and minor di-
3.2.1 Manufacturing Tolerance on Product. The ameters vary with the pitch diameter, as the Ameri-
maximum allowable deviation in the commercial can National Standard Pipe Thread form is main-
product is one tum large or small from gages made to tained within the truncation tolerances shown in
the basic dimensions. See 8.2 and 8.3. Table l.

3.2.2 Tolerances on Thread Elements. The permis-

sible deviations in thread elements are given in Table 5 SPECIFICATIONS FOR RAILING JOINT
3. This table is a guide for establishing limits of the TAPER PIPE THREADS, NPTR
thread elements of taps, dies, and thread chasers.
Conformance to these limits may be required on 5.1 Railing Joints
product threads, in which case specifications shall Railing joints that require a rigid mechanical thread
require control and checking of thread elements. joint may be made with external and internal taper
On pipe fittings and valves (not steel or high grade threads. .
alloys used in critical services) for steam pressures The external thread is basically the same as the
300 lb and below, it is intended that plug and ring American National Standard Taper Pipe Thread,
gage practices as established in this Standard be used except that it is shortened to permit the use of the

~-
V
--f Taper of
thread 1 in 16
measured on Notch-
":I>
:;;z
m:J>
Ls L2- L5 diameter
-1;:
J:m
::O::o
m-
:J>D
o:J> >

("v " v (]) "'"'

• z
Cl:J>
m_,
"' 3
fTl

~f<"«<'{/VV////4f'P/{
)------1-f«tC««J'l~C "'-
me
::Oz CD

rr .
:l>:J> ""
ru
D ANSI standard pipe c...,
"'"'
thread gage :rl:J>
"'Z
.
D

Dotted lines show amount ANSI standard

taper pipe thread is shortened at the end.
oo
"':J>
m::o ""
io "'
w
n
I
TABLE 5 DIMENSIONS OF EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL TAPER PIPE THREADS FOR RAILING JOINTS, NPTR 1
(Mechanical Joints) "' ru
<n
..D
Pitch <n
Total Length Incomplete Depth of Die. of Distance Gaga 2 Ln
..... Diameter
0 0.0. Height at End Shortening of
Length of
Effective
of External
Thread,
Thmads due
to Chamfer of
Recess
in
R&cess
in
NGtch COM&$
below Face of
""
ru
Nom~ of Threads/ of of
Pipe
Thread Throad max. Die. max. Fitting Fitting Length Fitting D
Pipe in. Thread Extemal (L,-L,I (q) (SI D
Size
IL,J IL4- L61 WI (01 In
IDI (nl
""""

--`,```,,`,,``,``,`,`,,```,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
lhl Thread
(£,1 in. Threads in. Threads in. Threads in. Threads Mini~;num Minimum Minimum in. Threads

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
"'<n
"'
t;'r• 0.840
1.050
14
14
0.0571
0.0571
0.7718
0.9811
0.214
0.214
3
3
0.320
0.332
4.47
4.64
0.499
0.510
6.98
7.15
0.179
0.179
2~
2Yl
0.18
0.18
0.86
1.07
0.25
0.25
0.286
0.286
4
4
..D

I
1 1.315 11.5 0.0696 1.2299 0.261 3 0.422 4.85 0.639 7.35 0.217 2'/2 0.22 1.34 0.30 0.348 4
1};• 1.660 11.5 0.0696 1.5734 0.261 3 0.446 5.13 0.707 8.13 0.261 3 0.26 1.68 0.39 0.348 4
1Y, 1.900 11.5 0.0696 1.8124 0.261 3 0.463 5.32 0.724 8.33 0.261 3 0.26 1.92 0.43 0.348 4
2 2.375 11.5 0.0696 2.2853 0.261 3 0.496 5.70 0.757 8.70 0.261 3 0.26 2.40 0.43 0.348 4
:J>
z
"'
2'/2 2.875
3 3.500
8
8
0.1000
0.1000
2.7508
3.3719
0.500
0.500
4
4
0.638
0.700
5.10
5.60
1.013
1.075
8.10
8.60
0.375
0.375
3
3
0.38
0.38
2.90
3.53
0.63
0.63
0.625
0.625
5
5
"";;:;~
3'fo. 4.000 8 0.1000 3.8688 I o.5oo 4 0.750 6.00 1.125 9.00 0.375 3 0.38 4.04 0.63 0.625 5 m
~
4 4.500 8 0.1000 4.3656 0.500 4 0.800 6.40 1.1751 9.40 0.375 3 0.38 4.54 0.63 0.625 s
NOTES:
"'
~
.!.
{1) Thes~ dimensions agree wfth those developed by the Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry. Thread lengths are specified to three
decimal places for convenience.
"'"'w
{2) American National Standard Taper Pipe Thread Plug Gage. See S~tion 7.

~. \ 'i
' )
'
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l Document provided by IHS Licensee=UTC P&W USA/9999506004, User=, 08/08/2003

'·.._) ._.,
05:00:45 MDT Questions or comments about this message: please call the Document
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ASME 81-20-1 83 II 2595512 0011859 0 II

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANSI/ASME 61.20.1-1983

•
hn =0.54126p
H = 0.866025p

Crest

Axis External Thread Internal Thread

•
TABLE 6 DIMENSIONS OF EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL STRAIGHT PIPE THREADS FOR FIXTURES, NPSM
(Free Fitting Mechanical Joints)

O.D. External Thread, Class 2A Internal Thread, Class 2B

Nom. of Threads/ Allow-
Pipe Major Diameter Pitch Diameter Minor Diameter Pitch Diameter
Pipe in. ance
1
Size (D) Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

% 0.405 27 0.0011 0.397 0.390 0.3725 0.3689 0.358 0.364 0.3736 0.3783
y4 0.540 18 0.0013 0.526 0.517 0.4903 0.4859 0.468 0.481 0.4916 0.4974
% 0.675 18 0.0014 0.662 0.653 0.6256 0.6211 0.603 0.612 0.6270 0.6329
% 0.840 14 0.0015 0.823 0.813 0.7769 0.7718 0.747 0.759 0.7784 0.7851
% 1.050 14 0.0016 1.034 1.024 0.9873 0.9820 0.958 0.970 0.9889 0.9958
1 1.315 11.5 0.0017 1.293 1.281 1.2369 1.2311 1.201 1.211 1.2386 1.2462
1£4 1.660 11.5 0.0018 1.638 1.626 1.5816 1.5756 1.546 1.555 1.5834 1.5912
1 Y2 1.900 11.5 0.0018 1.877 1.865 1.8205 i.8144 1.785 1.794 1.8223 1.8302
2 2.375 11.5 0.0019 2.351 2.339 2.2944 2.2882 2.259 2.268 2.2963 2.3044
2% 2.875 8 0.0022 2.841 2.826 2.7600 2.7526 2.708 2.727 2.7622 2.7720
3 3.500 8 0.0023 3.467 3.452 3.3862 3.3786 3.334 3.353 3.3885 3.3984
3% 4.000 8 0.0023 3.968 3.953 3.8865 3.8788 3.835 3.848 3,8888 3.8988
4 4.500 8 0.0023 4.466 4.451 4.3848 4.3771 4.333 4.346 4.3871 4.3971
5 5.563 8 0.0024 5.528 5.513 5.4469 5.4390 5.395 5.408 5.4493 5.4598
6 6.625 8 0.0024 6.585 6.570 6.5036 6.4955 6.452 6.464 6.5060 6.5165

GENERAL NOTES:
(a) NPSM threads are of Unified screw thread form to Classes 2A/2B tolerances, having the minimum pitch diameter of the internal thread
basic and equal to £1 of NPT threads.
(b) The minor diameters of external threads and major diameters of internal threads are those as produced by commercial straight pipe dies

•
and commercial ground straight pipe taps.
The major diameter of the external thread has been calculated on the basis of a truncation of 0.10825p, and the minor diameter of the
internal thread has been calculated on the basis of a truncation of 0.21651p, to provide no interference at crest and root when product is
gaged with gages made in accordam:e with 9.2.
NOTE:
(1) Column 11 is the same as the pitch diameter at the large end of internal thread, E 1 , Basic. (See Table 2, col. 8.)

--`,```,,`,,``,``,`,`,,```,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
11
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ASME 81.20·1 83 II 2595512 0011860 7 II

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANSI/ASME 81.20.1-1983

Locknut
•
Tank floor
or wall

Straight locknut
thread

Locknut

TABLE 7 DIMENSIONS, EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL STRAIGHT PIPE THREAD FOR

LOCKNUT CONNECTIONS, NPSL (Loose Fitting Mechanical Joints)
External Threads Internal Threads
O.D.
1 1
Nominal of Maximum Minimum

•
Pitch Diameter Pitch Diameter
Pipe Pipe Threads/ Major Minor
Size (D) inch Diameter Maximum Minimum Diameter Minimum Maximum

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Ys 0.405 27 0.409 0.3840 0.3805 0.362 0.3863 0.3989

~4 0.540 18 0.541 0.5038 0.4986 0.470 0.5073 0.5125
Ys 0.675 18 0.678 0.6409 0.6357 0.607 0.6444 0.6496

~2 0.840 14 0.844 0.7963 0.7896 0.753 0.8008 0.8075

Y4 1.050 14 1.054 1.0067 1.0000 0.964 1.0112 1.0179
1 1.315 11.5 1.318 1.2604 1.2523 1.208 1.2658 1.2739
1 ~4 1.660 11.5 1.663 1.6051 1.5970 1.553 1.6106 1.6187
1 ~h 1.900 11.5 1.902 1.8441 1.8360 1.792 1.8495 1.8576
2 2.375 11.5 2.376 2.3180 2.3099 2.265 2.3234 2.3315
2';/2 2.875 8 2.877 2.7934 2.7817 2.718 2.8012 2.8129
3 3.500 8 3.503 3.4198 3.4081 3.344 3.4276 3.4393
3'/2 4.000 8 4.003 3.9201 3.9084 3.845 3.9279 3.9396
4 4.500 8 4.502 4.4184 4.4067 4.343 4.4262 4.4379
5 5.563 8 5.564 5.4805 5.4688 5.405 5.4884 5.5001
6 6.625 8 6.620 6.5372 6.5255 6.462 6.5450 6.5567
8 8.625 8 8.615 8.5313 8.5196 8.456 8.5391 8.5508
10 10.750 8 10.735 10.6522 10.6405 10.577 10.6600 10.6717
12 12.750 8 12.732 12.6491 12.6374 12.574 12.6569 12.6686

NOTE:
(1) NPSL threads are standard pipe thread form where the pitch diameters of the external threads are fixed at 2.5 and 4
turns larger than basic E1, and where the pitch diameters of the Internal threads are fixed at 5 and 6.5 turns larger than
basic £1, thus providing an allowance equivalent to one turn of the standard taper pipe thread.
As the American National Standard Straight Pipe Thread form of thread is produced by a single tool, the major and
the minor diameters of the internal thread and the minor diameter of the external thread are presumed to vary with

•
the pitch diameter. The major diameter of the external thread is usually determined by the diameter of the pipe. These
theoretical diameters result from adding the depth of the truncated thread (0.666025 X p) to the maximum pitch
diameters in col. 5, and it should be understood that commercial pipe will not always have these maximum major
diameters.
The locknut thread is established on the basis of retaining the greatest possible amount of metal thickness between
the bottom of the thread and the inside of the pipe.
In order that a locknut may fit loosely on the externally threaded part, an allowance equal to the Increase in pitch
--`,```,,`,,``,``,`,`,,```,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
diameter per turn is provided, with a t?lerance of 1.5 turns for both external and internal threads.
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\ 05:00:45 MDT Questions or comments about this message: please call the Document
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ASME 81-20-1 83 II 2595512 0011861 9 II

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANSI/ASME 81.20.1-1983

•
larger end of the pipe thread. See Table 5. The di- 1/8-27 NPSM
mensions of these external and internal threads are 1/8-27 NPSL
shown in Table 5. A recess in the fitting provides a 1 -11.5 NPSH
covering for the last scratch or sharp edges of in-
6.1.2 Pitch and Flank Angle. The pitch and flank
complete threads on the pipe.
angle are the same as the corresponding dimensions of

--`,```,,`,,``,``,`,`,,```,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
5.1.1 Thread Designation. American National the taper pipe thread described in Section 3.
Standard Railing Joint Taper Pipe Threads are desig-
6.1.3 Diameter of Thread. The basic pitch diame-
nated in accordance with 1.2.1 as follows:
ter for both the external and internal straight pipe
1/2-14 NPTR threads is equal to the pitch diameter of the Ameri-
can National Standard Taper Pipe Thread at the
5.1.2 Form of Thread. The form of the thread is
gaging notch (dimension E 1 of Table 2), which is the
the same as the form of the American National
same as at the large end of the internal taper pipe
Standard Taper Pipe Thread shown in Fig. 1. thread.
5.1.3 Tolerances on Thread Elements. The gaging
of these threads is specified in Table 5. The maximum
6.2 Free-Fitting Mechanical Joints for
allowable deviation in the external thread is no turns
Fixtures, NPSM
large and one turn small. The maximum allowable
deviation in the internal thread is one turn large, no Pipe is often used for special applications where
turns small. there are no internal pressures. Where straight thread
joints are required for mechanical assemblies, straight
pipe threads are often found more suited or con-
6 SPECIFICATIONS FOR STRAIGHT PIPE venient.
THREADS FOR MECHANICAL JOINTS; The dimensions of these threads, as given in Table
NPSM, NPSL, NPSH 6, are for pipe thread connections where reasonably

•
close fit of the mating parts is desired .
6.1 Straight Pipe Threads

In addition to pressure-tight pipe joints, for which 6.3 Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints
taper external threads and either taper or straight With Locknuts, NPSL
internal threads are used, there are mechanical joints
where straight pipe threads are used to advantage on The American National Standard External Lock-
both external and internal threads. Three of these nut thread is designed to produce a pipe thread
straight pipe thread joints are covered by this Stan- having the largest diameter that it is possible to cut
dard, all of which are based on the pitch diameter of on standard pipe. Ordinarily Straight Internal Threads
the American National Standard Taper Pipe Thread are used with these Straight External Threads, provid-
at the gaging notch (dimension £ 1 of Table 2) but ing a loose fit. The dimensions of these threads are
have various truncations at crest and root as described given in Table 7. It will be noted that the maximum
below. These three types of joints are as follows: major diameter of the external thread is slightly
greater than the nominal outside diameter of the
(a) free-fitting mechanical joints for fixtures,
pipe. The normal manufacturer's variation in pipe
Table 6, both external and internal, NPSM.
diameter provides for this increase.
(b) loose-fitting mechanical joints with lock-
One application of a taper pipe thread in com-
nuts, Table 7, both external and internal, NPSL.
bination with a locknut thread which has been in use
(c) loose-fitting mechanical joints for hose coupl-
for some time is that shown in Table 7. It consists of
ings (ANSI B2.4), NPSH.
the nipple threaded joint used to connect standpipes
6.1.1 Thread Designations. The above types of with the floor or wall of a water supply tank.
straight pipe threads for mechanical joints are desig- Gaging information for these threads is given in
nated in accordance with 1.2.1 as follows: Section 7 .

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANSI/ASME B1.20.1-1983

NOTE:
The illustration shows standard design
for sizes 2 inch and smaller. Larger
sizes are of slightly different designs.
•
Plug
gage

e Taper of
thread 1 in 16
measured on
diameter

Basic Size Max. Size Min. Size

Ring gage

FIG. 4 NPT STANDARD TAPER PIPE THREAD FIG. 6 GAGING EXTERNAL TAPER THREADS
PLUG AND RING GAGES WITH RING GAGE

•
One turn large One turn small

Roots sharp
or undercut
(form optional)

Roots must clear 0.0381p flat Basic Size Max. Size Min. Size

FIG. 5 SUGGESTED FORM OF GAGE THREAD FIG. 7 GAGING INTERNAL TAPER THREADS

--`,```,,`,,``,``,`,`,,```,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
•
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ASME 81·20·1 83 II 2595512 0011863 2 II

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) AN$1/ASME 81.20.1·1983

•
Pitch line

@ Enlarged view showing chamfered

external thread of basic size

Face of fitting--... /
Chamfer --¥.f:>/
Point of last thread
scratch on chamfer cone

Pitch line

• Plane of gaging notch

NOTE:
Plane of gaging
notch should
intersect crest of
thread on gage

® Enlarged view showing chamfered

internal thread of basic size
with chamfer exceeding the
major diameter
GENERAL NOTE:
The chamfer illustrated is at 45 deg. angle and is approxi-
mately :V. pitch in depth. However, these details are not
requirements and are given only for information on the
illustration shown. The chamfered portion of thread and the
full chamfer cone are indicated by dotted lines.
--`,```,,`,,``,``,`,`,,```,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

The reference point for the internal product thread is the

starting end of the fitting, providing the chamfer does not
exceed the major diameter of the internal thread. When a
chamfer on the product thread exceeds this limit, the refer-
ence point becomes the last thread scratch on the chamfer
cone, as illustrated. Allowance must be made for depth of
counterbore on counterbored fittings.

FIG. 8 GAGING OF CHAMFERED THREADS

(See 8.4)

• 15

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANSI/ASME B1.20.H983

6.4 Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints

for Hose Couplings, NPSH
Hose coupling joints are ordinarily made with
straight internal and external loose-fitting threads.
There are several standards of hose threads having
threads per inch, and the proper thread series designa-
tion as given in the respective section of this Standard.

7.2 Classes of Gages

Gages of the following types may be used to com-
•
various diameters and pitches, one of which is based pletely cover gage requirements:
on the American National Standard Pipe Thread. By (a) master gages used to check working gages.
the use of this thread series, it is possible to join small (b) working gages used to check threads during
hose couplings in sizes ~ to 4, inclusive, to ends of manufacture and for conformance inspection.
standard pipe having American National Standard
External Pipe Threads, using a gasket to seal the joint. 7 .2.1 Master Gages. The set of master gages con-
For dimensions and tolerances, see ANSI B2.4. sists of an L 1 taper threaded plug gage and an L1
taper threaded ring gage (see Figs. 4 and 5). The plug
gage is made to dimensions specified in Table 8. It is
constructed of hardened steel with a gaging notch
7 GAGES AND GAGE TOLERANCES
located a distance L 1 (Table 2) from the small end.
FOR AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
The ring gage has a length equal to dimension L1
PIPE THREADS
specified in Table 8. This ring is fitted to its mating

--`,```,,`,,``,``,`,`,,```,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
7.1 Design of Gages plug - seating flush at the notch within± 0.002 in.
for sizes 1/16 through 2, within± 0.003 in. for sizes
Gages for American National Standard Pipe 2-1/2 through 12, and within± 0.005 in. for sizes 14
Threads provide a functional check and are of the and larger. The roots of the threads on these ring
standard type as described below. Gages should con- gages shall clear a 0.0381p flat or may be undercut
form to the designs recommended in ANSI Standard beyond a sharp V. The crests of the plug and ring
B4 7.1, Gage Blanks.

•
gage are truncated O.lOOp. The set of master gages is
7 .1.1 Standard Type Gages. A set of standard or used for checking working gages (see 7.3 .2). A
basic type gages consists of a taper-threaded plug gage supplementary check by optical means should be
and -a taper-threaded ring gage. See Figs. 4 and 5. made of flank angle and form.
The plug gages are made to dimensions given in Table CAUTION: It should be understood that only a
8 with a gaging notch located a distance L 1 from the specifically matched set of masters (L 1 plug and L 1
small end. The L 1 ring gage has a length equal to ring) can be expected to mate with each other within
dimension L 1 . The roots of the threads on these the tolerance specified. There are many characteristics
gages shall clear 0.0381p width. A sharp V or under- or deviations in gage elements that may combine to
cut clearance is acceptable. The crests are to be cause a significant standoff difference between
truncated an amount equal to 0.140p for 27 threads master gages which are not specifically matched.
per inch (tpi), 0.109p for 18 tpi, and 0.100p for 14
tpi, 11-1/2 tpi and 8 tpi threads (see Fig. 5). In locat- 7.2.2 Working Gages. Each set of working gages
ing the basic gaging notch, the plane of the notch consists of an L 1 taper threaded plug gage and an L 1
should intersect the crest of the gage thread. taper threaded ring gage and is used for checking the
The ring gage shall be fitted to the plug so that, product. These gages are made of hardened steel
or equivalent material to dimensions given in Table 8.
when assembled handtight, the gaging notch of the
plug gage will be flush with the large end face of the (See 7 .3.2 for tolerance.) In locating the basic notch
ring gage within tolerances as given in Table 9. of the plug gage the plane of the notch should inter-
Partial end threads shall be removed on both ends sect the crest of the thread.
It is to be noted that these gages are truncated at
of the ring gage and on the small end of the plug gage
the cresf so that they bear only on the flanks of the
to full-form proflle in order to avoid possible seating
thread. Thus, although they do not check the crest or
error from bent or malformed feathered edge.
root truncations· specified in Table 1, they are a
7 .1.2 Marking of Gages. Each gage shall be marked ~atisfactory functional check for the general run of
so as to indicate clearly the nominal size of pipe, product. When it is deemed necessary to determine

16
•
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05:00:45 MDT Questions or comments about this message: please call the Document
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.-...., ':f""\
~ I

"0):>
TABLE 8 BASIC DIMENSIONS OF THREADED PLUG AND RING GAGES FOR =tiz
m)>
NATIONAL AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD TAPER PIPE THREADS, NPT -13!::
::I:m
_) Major Diameters of Plug Pitch Diameters of Plug Minor Diameters
:O::o
m-
)>C)
c)> >
.cnz
Gages and Ring Gages of Ring Gages VI
Increase z ::3:
At At At At Large At At in Thick- G'l)> r'1
m-1
z_
O.D. Small Gaging Large At At End, Small Gaging Diam./ ness
mo tD
Nominal
Pipe
of
Pipe
Threads/
in. Pitch
End
CEo>
Notch
(Ell
End
(Ezl
Small
End
Gaging
Notch
Plug
Gage
End,
(Eo)
Notch
(Ell
Thread
(0.0625/
of
Ring
:Oz
,...,...
:l>)> .
1:-'

ru
(Eol (Ezl Plane Plane nl (L1l "cn
Size (D) (n) (p) Plane Plane Plane (Ell C-1
:0)>
-az
.
CJ

1:-'
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 oo
CJ))>
m:o [):1
~16 0.3125 27 0.03704 0.29289 0.30289 0.30921 0.27118 0.28118 0.28750 0.24947 0.25947 0.00231 0.160 =o
z
w

~
0.405 27 0.03704 0.38522 0.39531 0.40171 0.36351 0.37360 0.38000 0.34180 0.35189 0.00231 0.1615 Q
0.540 18 0.05556 0.51339 0.52763 0.53850 0.41739 0.49163 0.50250 0.44139 0.45563 0.00347 0.2278
0.240
:s I
0.67350 0.61201 0.62701 0.63750 0.57601 0.59101 0.00347

l
0.675 18 0.05556 0.64801 0.66301
ru
"8 0.73086 0.00446 0.320
~
0.840 14 0.07143 0.80600 0.82600 0.83936 0.75843 0.77843 0.79179 0.71086
0.98887 1.00179 0.92011 0.94129 0.00446 0.339 c.n
1.050 14 0.07143 1.01525 1.03644 1.04936 0.96768 ...D
lr1
1 1.315 11.5 0.08696 1.27154 1.29654 1.31422 1.21363 1.23863 1.25630 1.15572 1.18072 0.00543 0.400 c.n
....-l 1~4 1.660 11.5 0.08696 1.61504 1.64129 1.65922 1.55713 1.58338 1.60130 1.49922 1.52547 0.00543 0.420 1:-'
ru
1 Y2 1.900 11.5 0.08696 1.85400 1.88025 1.89922 1.79609 1.82234 1.84130 1.73817 .1.76442 0.00543 0.420
2 2.375 11.5 0.08696 2.32693 2.35418 2.37422 2.26902 2.29627 2.31630 2.21111 2.23836 0.00543 0.436 CJ
CJ
1:-'
2% 2.875 8 0.12500 2.80278 2.84541 2.87388 2.71953 2.76216 2.79062 2.63628 2.67891 0.00781 0.682 1:-'
3 3.500 8 0.12500 3.42388 3.47175 3.49888 3.34062 3.38850 3.41562 3.25737 3.30525 0.00781 0.766 [):1

3.91562 3.75425 3.80556 0.00781 0.821 !r

3% 4.000 8 0.12500 3.92075 3.97207 3.99888 3.83750 3.88881 c.n
4 4.500 8 0.12500 4.41762 4.47038 4.49888 4.33438 4.38712 4.41562 4.25112 4.30387 0.00781 0.844

;II
5 5.563 8 0.12500 5.47398 5.53255 5.56188 5.39073 5.44929 5.47862 5.30748 5.36604 0.00781 0.937

6 6.625 8 0.12500 6.52935 6.58922 6.62388 6.44609 6.50597 6.54062 6.36284 6.42272 0.00781 0.958
8 8.625 8 0.12500 8.51685 8.58328 8.62388 8.43359 8.50003 8.54062 8.35034 8.41678 0.00781 1.063

10 10.750 8 0.12500 10.62857 10.70419 10.74888 10.54531 10.62094 10.66562 10.46206 10.53768 0.00781 1.210
12 12.750 8 0.12500 12.61607 12.70107 12.74888 12.53281 12.61781 12.66562 12.44956 12.53456 0.00781 1.360 )>
zen
140.0. 14.000 8 0.12500 13.85825 13.95588 13.99888 13.77500 13.87262 13.91562 13.69175 13.78937 0.00781 1.562
15.79250 0.00781 1.812
§
16 O.D.16.000 8 0.12500 15.84575 15.95900 15.99888 15.76250 15,87575 15,91562 15.67925 en
18 0.0. 18.000 8 0.12500 17.83325 17.95825 17.99888 17.75000 17.87500 17.91562 17.66675 17.79175 0.00781 2.000 s::
m
200.0; 20.Q00 8 0.12500 19.82075 19.95357 19.99888 19.73750 19.87031 19.91562 19.65425 19.78706 0.00781 2.125
~
240.0. 24.000 8 0.12500 23.79575 23.94419 23.99888 23.71250 23.86094 23.91562 23.62925 23.77768 0.00781 2.375 t.J
---~

I
GENERAL NOTE: Gage blanks shall conform to dimensions given in ANSI 847 .1. The major diameters of the plug gages and the minor diameters of the ring gages are .:..
CD
based upon the truncations specified in 7 .1.1. s
~
---~
--`,```,,`,,``,``,`,`,,```,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

~
I
~
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IJ 05:00:45 MDT Questions or comments about this message: please call the Document
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ASME 81-20-1 83 II 2595512 0011866 8 II

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANSI/ASME 81.20.1-1983

whether or not such truncations are within the limits 8 GAGING OF TAPER PIPE THREADS
specified, or particularly to see that maximum trunca-
8.1 Gaging External Taper Threads
tion is not exceeded, it is necessary to make further
inspection. For this inspection, optics or optical In gaging external taper threads, the L 1 ring gage,
projection is suggested. Fig. 6, is screwed handtight on the pipe or external
thread. The thread is within the permissible tolerance
7.3 Gage Tolerances
when the gaging face of the working ring gage is not
In the manufacture of gages, variations from basic more than one turn, large or small, from being flush
dimensions are unavoidable. Furthermore, gages will with the end of the thread, as indicated in Fig. 6.
wear in use. In order to flx the maximum allowable
variations of gages, tolerances have been established. 8.2 Gaging Internal Taper Threads
See Table 9 and 7.3 .2.
In gaging internal taper threads, the L 1 plug gage,
7 .3.1 Master Gage Tolerances. The set of master Fig. 4, is screwed handtight into the fitting or coup-
gages should be made to the basic dimensions as ling. The thread is within the permissible tolerance
accurately as possible, but in no case shall the cum- when the gaging notch of the working plug gage is
ulative deviation exceed one-half of the to'tal cum- not more than 1 turn, large or small, from being flush
ulative tolerance specified in cols. 13 and 14 of Table with the end of the thread, as indicated in Fig. 7.
9. Each master gage should be accompanied by a
record of the measurements of all elements of the 8.3 Gaging Practice
thread and the standoff of master plug to master
8.3.1 Precautions. In gaging pipe threads it is
ring (large end of ring gage to basic notch of plug
common practice to tap or rap the part to assure
gage).
proper seating of the gage in or on the product thread.
7.3.2 Working Gage Tolerances. All gages applied However, it is first necessary to clean both the gage
to the product thread, whether in manufacture or and the product threads so that they are free of chips,
inspection, are designated as working gages. All work- burrs, abrasives, or other foreign materials.
ing gages should be made to the basic dimensions
8.3.2 Supplemental Gaging. Gaging of both in-
specified in Table 8 and within tolerances specified
ternal and external threads by use of the L 1 plug and
in Table 9. The maximum wear on a working gage
ring gages, illustrated by Figs. 6 and 7, serves to
shall not be more than the equivalent of one-quarter
assure conformance to the L 1 elements of the design
turn from its original dimensions.
dimensions. However, conformance to this Standard
7.4 Relation of Lead and Angle Deviations to Pitch requires that all basic design dimensions be met
Diameter Tolerances of Gages within applicable tolerances including extension of
the thread elements to provide for wrench-tight make-
When it is necessary to compute from measure-
up. Therefore, in controlling manufacturing practices
ments the decimal part of a turn that a gage varies
or as otherwise required, additional methods of

--`,```,,`,,``,``,`,`,,```,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
from the basic dimensions, Tables 10 and 11 should
measuring or gaging may be employed to supplement
be used. Table 10 gives the correction in diameter for
L 1 gaging.
angle deviations and Table 11 gives the correction in
diameter for lead deviations. These corrections are
8.4 Gaging Chamfered, Countersunk, or
always added to the pitch diameter in the case of
Recessed Threads
external threads and subtracted in the case of internal
threads regardless of whether the lead or angle devia- The reference point for gaging internal product
tions are either plus or minus. threads depends upon the chamfer diameter. When
The diameter equivalent for lead and angle devia- the internal chamfer diameter exceeds the major
tions plus the pitch diameter deviation multiplied by diameter of the internal thread, the reference point is
16 gives the longitudinal deviation from basic at the the last thread scratch on the chamfer cone. See
gaging notch. This longitudinal deviation divided by Fig. 8B. Otherwise, when the internal chamfer
the pitch equals the decimal part of a turn that the diameter does not exceed the major diameter of the
gage varies from basic at the gaging notch. internal thread, the reference point is the end of the

j AND RING GAGES, NPT

---··- r--··~--·- ~----- I
l::iitanaon Detween
Toler- Toler- Plug and Ring "0)>
Toler- =az
Tolerance on ance on anceon Total Cumulative Gages at Gaging
O.D.
ance on
Half Angle,
3
Tolerance on Major Minor Tolerances on m>
Tolerance on Notch for -13:
Pitch
Nominal of 2 4
Laad • Minutes Tapal• 5 Diam. Diam. Pitch Diam. :I:m
Pipe Threads/
Diam. 1 Dimensions at JJ:o
m- )>
Pipe, Opposite Extreme )>0
Plugs Rings Plugs Rings Plugs Rings (/.)
Size (D) in. (±) Plugs Rings Plugs Rings 6 ol> ::3:
(±) (±) (+) (-) (-) (+) Tolerance Limits CllZ r'l
G,z
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 16 ml> ID
z::!
%6 0.3125 27 0.0002 0.0002 0.0003 15 20 0.0003 0.0006 0.0004 0.0004 0.00080 0.00118 0.032
mo
:oz .
1::-'

ru
l>)>
% 0.405 27 0.0002 0.0002 0.0003 15 20 0.0003 0.0006 0.0004 0.0004 0.00080 0.00118 0.032 r-r-
"'CJ) .
Cl
r.4 0.540 18 0.0002 0.0002 0.0003 15 20 0.0004 0.0007 0.0006 0.0006 0.00092 0.00134 0.036 C-f ~
zs 0.675 18 0.0002 0.0002 0.0003 15 20 0.0004 0.0007 0.0006 0.0006 0.00092 0.00134 0.036
0.038
::0)>
-oz
~:
0.840 14 0.0003 0.0002 0.0003 10 15 0.0006 0.0009 0.0010 0.0010 0.00097 0.00142 Oo 1):1
(/))> w
1.050 14 0.0003 0.0002 0.0003 10 15 0.0006 0.0009 0.0010 0.0010 0.00097 0.00142 0.038 m:o
::o
z
1
1£4
1.315
1.660
11.5
11.5
0.0003
0.0003
0.0003
0.0003
0.0004
0.0004
10
10
15
15
0.0008
0.0008
0.0012
0.0012
0.0010
0.0010
0.0010
0.0010
0.00121
0.00121
0.00170
0.00170
0.047
0.047
(')
~
I

--`,```,,`,,``,``,`,`,,```,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
1 Yz 1.900 11.5 0.0003 0.0003 0.0004 10 15 0.0008 0.0012 0.0010 0.0010 0.00121 0.00170 0.047 ru
2.375 11.5 0.0003 0.0003 0.0004 10 15 0.0008 0.0012 0.0010 0.0010 0.00121 0.00170 0.047 !.n
2 ..D
2% 2.875 8 0.0005 0.0004 0.0005 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0;0016 0.0016 0.00158 0.00211 0.059 ln
ln
3 3.500 8 0.0005 0.0004 0.0005 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0.0016 0.0016 0.00158 0.00211 0.059 1::-'
.... 31/2 4.000 8 0.0005 0.0004 0.0005 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0.0016 0.0016 0.00158 0.00211 0.059 ru
\C 4 4.500 8 0.0005 0.0004 0.0005. 7 10 0,0010 0.0014 0.0016 0.0016 0.00158 0.00211 0.059
Cl
5 5.563 8 0.0005 0.0004 0.0005 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0,0016 0.0016 0.00158 0.00211 0.059 Cl
1::-'
6 6.625 8 0.0005 0.0004 0.0005 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0.0016 0.0016 0.00158 0.00211 0.059 1::-'
8 8.625 8 0.0005 0.0004 0.0005 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0;0020 0.0020 0;00158 0.00211 0.059 (J:1
IT"
10 10.750 8 0.0005 0.0004 0.0005 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0.0020 0.0020 0.00158 0.00211 0.059 -,J
12 12.750 8 0.0005 0.0004 0.0005 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0.0020 0.0020 0.00158 0.00211 0.059
-'1
140.0. 14.000 8 0.0008 0.0005 0.0006 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0.0030 0.0030 0.00206 0.00271 0.076
0.076
16 0.0. 16.000
180.0. 18.000
8
8
0.0008
0.0008
0.0005
0.0005
0.0006
0.0006
7
7
10
10
0.0010
0.0010
0.0014
0.0014
0.0030
0.0030
0,0030
0.0030
0.00206
0.00206
0.00271
0.00271 0.076 I
200.0. 20.000 8 0.0008 0.0005 0.0006 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0.0030 0.0030 0.00206 0.00271 0.076
240.0. 24.000 8 0.0008 0.0005 0.0006 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0.0020 0.0020 0.00206 0.00271 0.076

GENERAL NOTES: )>

(a) The large end of the master ring gage shall be flush with the gaging notch of its master plug when assembled handtight within± 0.002 fo.r sizes 1'16 to 2 inclusive, within z
C/)
± 0.003 for sizes 2% to 12, inclusive, and within± 0.005 for sizes 14 and larger. ·
§
(b) The tolerances for the length L 1 from small end to gaging notch of the plug gaged (Fig. 4) shall be+ 0.000 and~ 0.001 for sizes %6 to 2, inclusive, and+ 0.000 (/)
3:
and- 0,002 for sizes 27'2 and larger.
(c) The tolerances for the over-all thread length L2 of the plug gage (Fig, 4) shall be+ 0.050 and- 0,000 for all sizes.
1
(d) Tolerances for the thickness L of the rjng gage (Fig. 4) shall be- 0,000 and+ 0.001 for sizes
NOTES:
7'16 to 2, inclusive, and- 0.000 and+ 0.002 for sizes 2'/z and larger.
.
-
m
CD

~-
~
(1) To be measured at the gaging notch of plug gage. .!.
Cl)
(2) Allowable variation in lead between any two threads in L 1 length of gage (Fig. 4). B
(3) In solving for the correction in diameter for angle deviations, the average deviation in half angle for the two sides .of thread regardless of their signs should be taken.
(4) The lead and taper on plug and ring gages shall be measured along the pitch line omitting the imperfect threads at each end.

I
(5) Allowable variation in taper in Lt length of gage (Fig. 4).
~ '"' ~A~v:~ .. .., possible interchange standoff, any ring ~"~'"•• ~"" "'"" ~•h"~ +h~" :•• ...,.,. ••, . "'"" "'"" ~~""" •'llhen taper .deviations are zero and all other dimensions are at
COPYRIGHT 2003; American Society of Mechanical Engineers Document provided by IHS Licensee=UTC P&W USA/9999506004, User=, 08/08/2003

"J opposite extreme tolerance limits. Average stando: 05:00:45 MDT Questions or comments about this message: please call the Document )·
~
Policy Management Group at 1-800-451-1584.
,
11 {
ASME 81-20-1 83 . . 2595512 0011868 1 . .

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANSI/ASME 81.20.1-1983

TABLE 10 DIAMETER EQUIVALENT OF DEVIATION 1 IN HALF INCLUDED ANGLE OF

THREAD FOR TOOLS AND GAGES3

Deviation 2 8 11.5 14 18 27
(lia) Minutes Threads/in. Threads/in. Threads/in. Threads/in. Threads/in.
1 2 3 4 5 6

1 0.00006 0.00004 0.00003 0.00002 0.00002

2 0.00011 0.00008 0.00006 0.00005 0.00003
3 0.00017 0.00012 0.00010 0.00007 0.00005
4 0.00022 0.00016 0.00013 0.00010 0.00007
5 0.00028 0.00019 0.00016 0.00012 0.00008
6 0.00034 0.00023 0.00019 0.00015 0.00010

7 0.00039 0.00027 0.00022 0.00017 0.00012

8 0.00045 0.00031 0.00026 0.00020 0.00013
9 0.00050 0.00035 0.00029 0.00022 0.00015
10 0.00056 0.00039 0.00032 0.00025 0.00017
11 0.00062 0.00043 0.00035 0.00027 0.00018
12 0.00067 0.00047 0.00038 0.00030 0.00020

13 0.00073 0.00051 0.00042 0.00032 0.00022

14 0.00078 0.00054 0.00045 0.00035 0.00023
15 0.00084 0.00058 0.00048 0.00037 0.00025
--`,```,,`,,``,``,`,`,,```,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

16 0.00089 0.00062 0.00051 0.00040 0.00027

17 0.00095 0.00066 0.00054 0.00042 0.00028

18 0.00101 0.00070 0.00058 0.00045 0.00030

19 0.00106 0.00074 0.00061 0.00047 0.00031
20 0.00112 0.00078 0.00064 0.00050 0.00033
21 0.00117 0.00082 0.00067 0.00052 0.00035
22 0.00123 0.00086 0.00070 0.00055 0.00036

23 0.00129 0.00089 0.00074 0.00057 0.00038

24 0.00134 0.00093 0.00077 0.00060 0.00040
25 0.00140 0.00097 0.00080 0.00062 0.00041
26 0.00145 0.00101 0.00083 0.00065 0.00043
27 0.00151 0.00105 0.00086 0.00067 0.00045

28 0.00157 0.00109 0.00089 0.00070 0.00046

29 0.00162 0.00113 0.00093 0.00072 0.00048
30 0.00168 0.00117 0.00096 0.00075 0.00050
45 0.00252 0,00175 0.00144 0.00112 0.00075
50 0.00336 0.00233 0.00192 0.00149 0.00099

GENERAL NOTE: Values given in inches at 68°F.

NOTES:
(1) In solving for the diameter e_quivalent of angle deviations the average deviation in half included
angle for the two sides of the thread regardless of their signs ~hould be taken.
(2) Diameter equivalent= 0.5~812p tan lia, where lia =deviation in half included angle of thread
expressed in minutes.
!3) Table is based upon an NPT gage with 0.1 p root/crest Truncations with equal half-angle deviations.
For other gages with equal truncations, multiply by
0.866p - 2 (truncation)
0.6667p

0
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AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANS!/ASME 81.20.1-1983

•
TABLE 11 DIAMETER EQUIVALENT OF DEVIATION IN LEAD FOR TOOLS AND GAGES 1

Deviation
0.00000 0.00001 0.00002 0.00003 0.00004 0.00005 0.00006 0.00007 0.00008 0.00009
(opl
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

0.00000 0.00000 0.00002 0.00003 0.00005 0.00007 0.00009 0.00010 0.00012 0.00014 0.00016
0.00010 0.00017 0.00019 0.00021 0.00023 0.00024 0.00026 0.00028 0.00029 0.00031 0.00033
0.00020 0.00035 0.00036 0.00038 0.00040 0.00042 0.00043 0.00045 0.00047 0.00048 0.00050
0.00030 0.00052 0.00054 0.00055 0.00057 0.00059 0.00061 0.00062 0.00064 0.00066 0.00068
0.00040 0.00069 0.00071 0.00073 0.00074 0.00076 0.00078 0.00080 0.00081 0.00083 0.00085
0.00050 0.00087 0.00088 0.00090 0.00092 0,00094 0,00095 0.00097 0.00099 0.00100 0.00102

0.00060 0.00104 0.00106 0.00107 0.00109 0.00111 0.001B 0.00114 0.00116 0.00118 0.00120
0.00070 0.00121 0.00123 0.00125 0.00126 0.00128 0.00130 0.00132 0.00133 0.00135 0,00137
0.00080 0.00139 0.00140 0.00142 0.00144 0.00145 0.00147 0.00149 0.00151 0.00152 0.00154
0.00090 0.00156 0.00158 0.00159 0.00161 0.00163 0.00165 0.00166 0.00168 0.00170 0.00171
0.00100 0.00173 0.00175 0.00177 0.00178 0.00180 0.00182 0.00184 0.00185 0.00187 0.00189

0.00110 0,00191 0.00192 0.00194 0.00196 0.00197 0.00199 0.00201 0.00203 0.00204 0.00206
0.00120 0.00208 0.00210 0.00211 0.00213 0.00215 0.00217 0.00218 0.00220 0.00222 0.00223

•
0.00130 0.00225 0.00227 0.00229 0.00230 0.00232 0.00234 0.00236 0.00237 0.00239 0.00241
0.00140 0.00242 0.00244 0.00246 0.00248 0.00249 0.00251 0.00253 0.00255 0.00256 0.00258
0.00150 0,00260 0.00262 0.00263 0.00265 0.00267 0.00268 0.00270 0.00272 0.00274 0.00275

0.00160 0.00277 0.00279 0.00281 0.00282 0.00284 0.00286 0.00288 0.00289 0,00291 0.00293
0.00170 0.00294 0.00296 0.00298 0.00300 0.00301 0.00303 0.00305 0.00307 0.00308 0.00310
0.00180 0.00312 0.00313 0,00315 0.00317 0.00319 0.00320 0.00322 0,00324 0.00326 0.00327
0.00190 0,00329 0.00331 0.00333 0.00334 0.00336 0.00338 0.00339 0.00341 0.00343 0.00345
0.00200 0.00346 0.00348 0.00350 0.00352 0,00353 0.00355 0.00357 0.00359 0.00360 0.00362

GENERAL NOTE: Values given in inches at 68° F.

NOTE:
(1 I Diameter equivalent= 1.7320p, where lip= deviation in lead between any two threads .

--`,```,,`,,``,``,`,`,,```,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

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AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANSI/ASME 81.20.1-1983

fitting. An allowance must be made for the depth of

counterbore on counterbored fittings.
The reference point for gaging or measuring the
length of external product threads is the end of the
pipe.
8.4.1 Turns-Engagement Method of Gaging. The
The plane of the gaging notch on the American
National Standard Taper Pipe Thread plug gage shall
come flush with the end of the American National
Standard Coupling Straight Pipe Thread (NPSC)
(Table 4) or flush with the last thread scratch on the
chamfer cone if chamfered with an internal cham-
•
fer diameter in excess of the major diameter of the
turns-engagement method -of gaging taper threads
internal thread (see Fig. 8B). A tolerance of one and

--`,```,,`,,``,``,`,`,,```,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
with plug and ring pipe thread gages, determines that
one-half turns large or small to gage shall be allowed.
an adequate number of threads is available at hand
engagement, thus avoiding possible complications CAUTION: When using a tapered thread plug gage,
resulting from gage chamfer and product chamfer. nonuniformity of gage wear is a particular problem;
See Table 2, col. 7, for the basic number of turns in therefore, taper plug gages used for this application
the absence of chamfers (e.g., 4.32 turns for 27 tpi), should be checked by direct measurement of thread
the applicable tolerance being plus or minus one turn form and size in addition to checking against a mas-
(or limits 3.32 to 5.32 turns for 27 tpi). ter.

9.2 Gage Dimensions

9 GAGING OF STRAIGHT PIPE THREADS The straight GO and HI plug gages and the straight
GO and LO ring gages used for checking mechanical
9.1 Types of Gages joint threads, Tables 6 and 7, shall be made to the
pitch diameter limits specified in the product tables
Gages to properly control the production of these
in accordance with standard practice for straight
straight threads should be either straight GO and HI
thread gages as outlined in ANSI Bl.2, Gages and
(Internal) and GO and LO (External) gages or the
Gaging for Unified Screw Threads.

•
regular American National Standard Taper Pipe
The minimum major diameter of the GO thread
Thread gages as indicated below.
plug gage shall be equal to the minimum pitch diame-
ter of the internal thread plus an amount equal to
9.1.1 Use of Straight and Taper Gages. Straight
0.75H (0.649519p). The maximum major diameter
GO and HI/LO gages should be used for all types of
of the HI thread plug gage shall be equal to the
threaded joints where both the external and internal
maximum pitch diameter of the internal thread plus
threads are straight. Taper plug gages should be used
an amount equal to O.SOH (0.433013p).
for the internal threads of all types of mechanical
The maximum minor diameter of the GO thread
joints where the external thread is tapered and the
ring gage shall be equal to the maximum pitch diame-
internal thread is straight. Taper plug gages used for
ter of the external thread minus an amount equal to
this purpose should be checked periodically by
O.SOH (0.433013p). The minimum minor diameter
direct measurement.
of the LO thread ring gage shall be equal to the mini-
9.1.2 Gaging Pressure-tight Joints. Taper thread mum pitch diameter of the external thread minus an
gages shall be used to gage straight internal pipe amount equal to 0.25H (0.216506p).
threads forming part of pressure-tight joints where See ANSI Bl.2 for further details and tolerances
the external thread is tapered. for these straight thread gages.

22
•
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05:00:45 MDT Questions or comments about this message: please call the Document
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ASME 81-20-1 83 II 2595512 0011871 1 II

APPENDIX
( (This Appendix is not part of American National Standard, Pipe Threads, General Purpose tlnch)
ANSI/ASME 81.20.1-198x, but is included for information purposes only.)

Suggested Twist Drill Diameters for Drilled Hole

Siles for Pipe Threads

The drill diameters given in Table 1 are the diame- When nonferrous metals and other similar mate-
ters of the standard and stock drills which are the rials are to be drilled and tapped, it may be found
closest to the minimum minor diameters shown in necessary to use a drill of slightly larger or smaller
Table 2, col. 24. diameter to produce a hole of a size that will make it
They represent the diameters of the holes which possible for the tap to cut an acceptable pipe thread
with the required thread height.
would be cut with a twist drill correctly ground when
It should be understood that this table of twist
drilling a material without tearing or flow of metal.
drill diameters is intended to help only the occasional
This is approximately the condition that exists when
user of drills in the application of this Standard.
a correctly sharpened twist drill is cutting a hole in a
When internal pipe threads are produced in larger
homogeneous block of cast iron.
quantities in a particular type of material and with
When flat drills are used, the width of the cutting specially designed machinery it may be found to be
edge may have to be adjusted to produce a hole of more advantageous to use a drill size not given in the
the required diameter. table, even one having a nonstandard diameter.

TABLE A1 SUGGESTED TWIST DRILL DIAMETERS

--`,```,,`,,``,``,`,`,,```,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
(INCHES) FOR DRILLED HOLE SIZES FOR
PIPE THREADS
( Taper Thread
Nom. 0.0. Straight Pipe
Pipe of Pipe With use of Without use of Thread
Size (D) Reamer Reamer (NPSCI 2
1 2 3 4 5

£t6 0.3125 A
2
0.234 1
1
c 0.242 1
1
y4
1
0.250
1

Ys 0.405 Y64 0.328 Q 0.332 Y32 0.344 1

% 0.540 2~64 0.422 1 ~16 0.438 1
1
~16 0.438 1
% 0.675 %6 0.562 1 i't6 0.562 3~64 0.578 1
% 0.840 •y,6 0.688 1 4%4 0.703 1 2%2 0.719 1
% 1.050 s%4 0.891 1 2%2 0.906 1 57'64 0.922 1
1 1.125 1 1 1
1 1.315 1 /s 1%4 1.141 1%2 1.156
1% 1.660 11%2 1.469 13%4 1.484 1Y2 1.500
1% 1.900 14%4 1.703 12%2 1.719 1% 1,750
2 2.375 2 1%4 2.172 2o/t6 2.188 2~32 2.219
2
2Y2 2.875 2 3'764 2.578 2 3%4 2.609 2 %2 2.656

GENERAL NOTE: The use of twist drills of the diameters listed will
not assure completely formed threads over the entire L1 length.
NOTES:
(1) American National Standard twist drill sizes in accordance with
ANSI 894.11, applicable to commercial threads only.
(2) Twist drill diameters for NPSM, NPSL and NPSH threads may be
larger to suit the increased internal minor diameters established
for these threads. Refer to Tables 6 and 7 in this Standard and
Table 3 in ANSI 82.4, Hose Coupling Screw Threads.
(_
23

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ASME B1.20.1 (ANSI B2.1 Pipe Threads)

Uploaded by

ASME B1.20.1 (ANSI B2.1 Pipe Threads)

Uploaded by

INDD 81.20.

1 83 II 2595512 0077958 194 II

ANSI-B1.20.1, "Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)," was

Custodians: Adopting Activity

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release;

• AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL

ANSI/ASME 81.20.1- 1983

• (REVISION AND REDESIGNATION OF ANSI 82.1-1968)

SPONSORED AND PUBLISHED BY

THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS

No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,

ANSIB1.20.3-1976 Dryseal Pipe Threads (Inch)

ANSI/ASME Bl.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)

ASME STANDARDS COMMITTEE 81

D. J. Emanuelli, Chairman H. W. Ellison, Vice Chairman

AEROSPACE INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA, INC.

AMERICAN IRON AND STEEL INSTITUTE

AMERICAN MEASURING TOOL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION

AMERICAN PIPE FITTINGS ASSOCIATION

DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL SUPPLY CENTER

ENGINE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION

FARM AND INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT INSTITUTE

INDUSTRIAL FASTENERS INSTITUTE

MANUFACTURERS STANDARDIZATION SOCIETY OF THE VALVE AND FITTING INDUSTRY

METAL CUTTING TOOL INSTITUTE (TAP & DIE DIVISION)

• NATIONAL AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER AND FIRE CONTROL ASSOCIATION, INC.

NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION

NATIONAL MACHINE TOOL BUILDERS ASSOCIATION

NATIONAL SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS ASSOCIATION

SOCIETY OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS

SOCIETY OF MANUFACTURING ENGINEERS

TUBULAR RIVET AND MACHINE INSTITUTE

R. M. Byrne, Industry Service Bureaus, Inc., White Plains, New York

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

Document provided by IHS Licensee=UTC P&W USA/9999506004, User=, 08/08/2003

8 Gaging of Chamfered Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Limits on Crest and Root Truncation of American National Standard External

• AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE {INCH)

1 INTRODUCTION 1.2.3 Coated or Plated Threads. The threaded

• 1/8-27 NPSM 1.4 Inspection

1.6 Related Standard

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

FJG.1 BASIC FORM OF AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD TAPER PIPE THREAD

Internal Thread "CC)>

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

2 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD h =0.800p =0.800/n

COPYRIGHT 2003; American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Document provided by IHS Licensee=UTC P&W USA/9999506004, User=, 08/08/2003

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

I!! ...."' <:

a: s: ...."' .t: c.~ ~

FIG. 3 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

• producing the thread in conjunction with the elasticity

COPYRIGHT 2003; American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Document provided by IHS Licensee=UTC P&W USA/9999506004, User=, 08/08/2003

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

Pitch Diam. Handtight Engagement Effective Thread, External

%6 0.3125 27 0.03704 0.27118 0.160 4.32 0.28118 0.2611 7.05 0.28750

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

Length, L1 Plane Overa11 8 Basic6

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

TABLE 3 TOLERANCES ON TAPER, LEAD, AND

y16, Ys 27 +% - y16 0.003 2'/2

TABLE 4 DIMENSIONS, INTERNAL STRAIGHT THREADS IN PIPE COUPLING, NPSC

'ls 0.405 27 0.340 0.3701 0.3771

L4 0.540 18 0.442 0.4864 0.4968

3.2.2 Tolerances on Thread Elements. The permis-

("v " v (]) "'"'

Dotted lines show amount ANSI standard

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

Axis External Thread Internal Thread