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Cropping Systems

This document discusses different cropping systems and their relationship to soil, nutrient, water, and pest management. It defines monocropping as growing a single crop over a large area without rotation. Multiple cropping systems include sequential cropping, intercropping, and multi-storey cropping to intensify land use. Sequential cropping involves growing multiple crops in sequence, while intercropping grows crops simultaneously through mixed, row, strip, or relay methods. Multiple cropping provides benefits like reduced pests and disease, protected soil, and increased total production compared to monocropping.

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1K views29 pages

Cropping Systems

This document discusses different cropping systems and their relationship to soil, nutrient, water, and pest management. It defines monocropping as growing a single crop over a large area without rotation. Multiple cropping systems include sequential cropping, intercropping, and multi-storey cropping to intensify land use. Sequential cropping involves growing multiple crops in sequence, while intercropping grows crops simultaneously through mixed, row, strip, or relay methods. Multiple cropping provides benefits like reduced pests and disease, protected soil, and increased total production compared to monocropping.

Uploaded by

Allivasor Siugoma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CROPPING SYSTEM IN

RELATION TO SOIL-
NUTRIENT/WATER/PEST
MANAGEMENT
CROPPING SYSTEM

refers to SEQUENCE,
ARRANGEMENT or PATTERN
of crops in TIME and AREA as
well as the PROCESS of
growing them
I. Monocropping System/
Monoculture

 planting a single crop in large areas


 A sole crop referring to a
component crop being grown alone
 The repetitive growing of the same
sole crop on the same land.
 The cultivation of a single species
of crop
I. Monocropping System
II. Multiple Cropping System/
Polyculture

 Growing more than one crop on the same


piece of land during one calendar year

 The intensification of cropping in time and


space dimensions by growing two or more
crops on the same field in the year

 Using the same field to produce two or


more crops a year.
II. Multiple Cropping System
II. Multiple Cropping System

a.Sequential Cropping

b.Intercropping

c.Multi- Storey Cropping


A. SEQUENTIAL CROPPING

 Growing two or more crops in


sequence on the same field per year.
 2nd crop is planted after the 1st crop
has been harvested.
 There is no intercrop competition.
 Farmers manage only one crop at a
time in the same field.
A. SEQUENTIAL CROPPING

1. DOUBLE CROPPING

2. TRIPLE CROPPING

3. QUADRUPLE CROPPING

4. RATOON CROPPING
A. SEQUENTIAL CROPPING

1. DOUBLE CROPPING- growing two crops a year in


sequence.

Example: rice and beans


A. SEQUENTIAL CROPPING

2. TRIPLE CROPPING- growing three crops a year


in sequence.

Example: rice – potato – beans

3. QUADRUPLE CROPPING- growing four crops a


year in sequence.

Example: rice- potato – beans- corn


A. SEQUENTIAL CROPPING

4. RATOON CROPPING- the cultivation of crop


regrowth after harvest
B. INTERCROPPING

 Growing two or more crops simultaneously


on the same field.
 Crop intensification is in both time and
space dimensions.
 There is intercrop competition during all or
part of the crop growth.
 Farmers manage more than one crop a
time in the same field
B. INTERCROPPING
1. Mixed Intercropping

2. Row Intercropping

3. Strip intercropping

4. Relay intercropping
B. INTERCROPPING
1. Mixed Intercropping- growing two or more crops simultaneously with no
distinct row arrangement.

Corn and Beans Mixed Vegetables


B. INTERCROPPING
2. Row Intercropping- The growing of two or more crops simultaneously
where one or more crops are planted in rows

Corn and Beans Peanut and Sunflower


B. INTERCROPPING
3. Strip intercropping- The growing of two or more crops simultaneously in
strips wide enough to permit independent cultivation but narrow enough for the
crops to interact.

Corn and Soybean


B. INTERCROPPING
3. Strip intercropping- The growing of two or more crops simultaneously in
strips wide enough to permit independent cultivation but narrow enough for the
crops to interact.

Corn and Soybean


B. INTERCROPPING
3. Strip intercropping- The growing of two or more crops simultaneously in
strips wide enough to permit independent cultivation but narrow enough for the
crops to interact.

Rice - Corn - Beans


B. INTERCROPPING
4. Relay intercropping- The growing of two or more crops in the same field.
Second crop is planted after the first crop has reached its reproductive stage
of growth, but before it is ready for harvest .

Corn and Soybean


B. INTERCROPPING
4. Relay intercropping- The growing of two or more crops in the same field.
Second crop is planted after the first crop has reached its reproductive stage
of growth, but before it is ready for harvest .

Corn and Soybean


C. MULTI-STOREY CROPPING

 Growing plants of different height in the


same field at the same time
 It is the practice of different crops of
varying heights, rooting pattern and
duration to cultivate together.
 It is mostly practiced in orchards and
plantation crops.
C. MULTI-STOREY CROPPING
Coconut- Banana- Corn
Advantages of Multiple Cropping

1. Reduces the insect pests populations because of the


diversity of the crops grown. When other crops are
present in the field, the insect pests are confused and
they need more time to look for their favorite plants.

2. Reduces the plant diseases. The distance between


plants of the same species is increased because other
crops (belonging to a different family group) are
planted in between.

3. Reduces hillside erosion and protects topsoil,


especially the contour strip cropping.

4. Attracts more beneficial insects, especially when


flowering crops are included the the cropping system
Advantages

5. Minimizes labor cost on the control of weeds. A


mixture of various crops gives often a better coverage
of the soil leaving less space for the development of
weeds.

6. Utilizes the farm area more efficiently.

7. Results in potential increase for total production and


farm profitability than when the same crops are grown
separately.

8. Provides 2 or more different food crops for the farm


family in one cropping season.
http://www.volkerkleinhenz.com/publications/intercropping-with-legumes-in-the-tropics/#.UFzPnbJlQp4

Polyculture Production - Principles, Benefits and Risks of Multiple Cropping Land Management Systems
for Australia
https://sites.google.com/site/peasnotwar2/organic-alternatives

Publication No. 01/34


Project No. AGC-3A
May 2001
A report for the Rural Industries Research
and Development Corporation
by Larry Geno and Dr Barbara Geno

https://www.google.com.ph/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=12&cad=rja&ved=0CCAQFjABOAo&url=https%3A%2F%2F2.zoppoz.workers.dev%3A443%2Fhttps%2Frirdc.info
services.com.au%2Fdownloads%2F0a1-034&ei=ZgpgUKSyAo7NmgXxhIDoCg&usg=AFQjCNHl5hDkIR1HRp0OlqSCM6z4CSHx3g

http://horttech.ashspublications.org/content/3/3/309.full.pdf
http://www.agriinfo.in/default.aspx?page=topiclist&superid=1&catid=11

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