Homework #2

Question #1:
𝑣𝑣
Assuming ideal op amps find the voltage gain 𝑣𝑣𝑜𝑜 and input resistance Rin of each of the circuits in Fig. 1
𝑖𝑖

100 kΩ 100 kΩ

20 kΩ
20 kΩ -
vi
-
vi + vo

vo 20 kΩ
+

(a) (b)

100 kΩ
100 kΩ
20 kΩ
- 20 kΩ
vi
-
20 kΩ + vo vi
+ vo

20 kΩ

(c) (d)

Fig. 1

Question #2:

R2 R4 The inverting circuit with the T network in the feedback

vx
is redrawn in Fig. 2 in a way that emphasizes the
R3
observation that R2 and R3 in effect are in parallel
(because the ideal op amp forces a virtual ground at
i1 R1
the inverting input terminal). Use this observation to
𝑣𝑣
vi
- derive an expression for the gain ( 𝑜𝑜) by first finding
0V 𝑣𝑣 𝑖𝑖
vo 𝑣𝑣 𝑣𝑣
+ ( 𝑣𝑣𝑥𝑥 ) and (𝑣𝑣𝑜𝑜 ). For the latter use the voltage divider rule
𝑖𝑖 𝑥𝑥
applied to R4 and (R2||R3).

Fig. 2
Question #3:

Assuming the op amp to be ideal, it is required to iL

10 kΩ RL
design the circuit shown in Fig. 3 to implement a
𝑖𝑖𝐿𝐿
current amplifier with gain = 11 𝐴𝐴/𝐴𝐴.
𝑖𝑖1
R
(a) Find the required value for R
(b) What are the input and the output
resistance of this current amplifier? i1
(c) If 𝑅𝑅𝐿𝐿 = 1𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 and the op amp operates in an -
vi
ideal manner as long as 𝑣𝑣𝑜𝑜 is in the range
+ vo
±12𝑉𝑉, what range of 𝑖𝑖1 is possible?
(d) If the amplifier is fed with a current source
having a current of 0.2 mA and a source
resistance of 10 kΩ, find 𝑖𝑖𝐿𝐿 .
Fig. 3

Question #4:
10R
For the circuit in Fig. 4, use superposition to find
𝑣𝑣𝑜𝑜 in terms of the input voltage 𝑣𝑣1 and 𝑣𝑣2 . Assume R
an ideal op amp. For -
v1
+ vo
𝑣𝑣1 = 10𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠(2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋60𝑡𝑡) − 0.1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠(2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋1000𝑡𝑡), 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 v2
R
𝑣𝑣2 = 10𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠(2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋60𝑡𝑡) + 0.1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠(2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋1000𝑡𝑡), 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣
10R
Find 𝑣𝑣𝑜𝑜 .

Fig. 4
Question #5:

For the circuit shown in Fig. 5, express R R

𝑣𝑣𝑜𝑜 as a function of 𝑣𝑣1 and 𝑣𝑣2 . What is the v1
input resistance seen by 𝑣𝑣1 alone? By
𝑣𝑣2 alone? By a source connected between
the two input terminals? By a source -
connected to both input terminals
simultaneously? + +
R vo
R
v2 -

Fig. 5

Question #6:

(a) Find Ad and Acm for the difference amplifier circuit shown in Fig. 6.
(b) If the op amp is specified to operate properly as 100 kΩ
long as the common-mode voltage at its positive
and negative inputs falls in the range ±2.5𝑉𝑉, what 100 kΩ
is the corresponding limitation on the range of the A -
vI1
input common-mode signal 𝑣𝑣1𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ? (This is known as B vo
+
the common-mode range of the differential vI2 100 kΩ
amplifier.)
(c) The circuit is modified by connecting a 10-kΩ 100 kΩ

resistor between node A and ground, and another

10-kΩ resistor between node B and ground. What
will now be the value of Ad, Acm, and the input
common-mode range?
Fig. 6

Question #7:

The circuit shown in Fig. 7 is intended to supply a voltage to floating loads (those for which both
terminals are ungrounded) while making greatest possible use of the available power supply.

(a) Assuming ideal op amps, sketch the voltage waveforms at nodes B and C for a I-V peak-to-peak
sine wave applied at A. Also sketch 𝑣𝑣𝑜𝑜 .
𝑣𝑣
(b) What is the voltage gain 𝑣𝑣𝑜𝑜?
𝑖𝑖
 20 kΩ

10 kΩ
-

10 kΩ B
+ +

A 30 kΩ
+ vo
10 kΩ
vI -
- Fig. 7
- 10 kΩ C
+

Question #8:

The two circuits in Fig. 8 are intended to function as voltage-to-current converters, that is, they supply
the load impedance 𝑍𝑍𝐿𝐿 with a current proportional to 𝑣𝑣1 and independent of the value of 𝑍𝑍𝐿𝐿 . Show that
this is indeed the case, and find for each circuit 𝑖𝑖𝑜𝑜 as a function of 𝑣𝑣1 . Comment on the differences
between the two circuits.

R1
+
+
R1
- -
+
ZL
vI +

io - R1 R1
vI R
R -

- ZL io

-
+

(a) (b)

Fig. 8
Question #9:

A Miller integrator whose input and output voltages are initially zero and whose time constant is 1 ms is
driven by the signal shown in Fig. 9. Sketch and label the output waveform that results. Indicate what
happens if the input levels are ±2𝑉𝑉, with the time constant the same (1 ms) and with the time constant
raised to 2 ms.

vI (V)

+1

0 0.5 1 t, ms

-1

Fig. 9

Question #10:

A noninverting amplifier with a closed-loop gain of 1000 is designed using an op amp having an input
offset voltage of 3 mV and output saturation levels of ±12 𝑉𝑉. What is the maximum amplitude of the
sine wave that can be applied at the input without the output clipping? If the amplifier is capacitively
coupled in the manner indicated in Fig. 10, what would the maximum possible amplitude be?

R2

C1
R1
-
A
+

C2
R3 = R2

Fig. 10: Illustrating the need for a continuous dc path for each of the op-amp input terminals.
Specifically, note that the amplifier will not work without resistor R3.