EMPLOYABILITY SKILL

UNIT: 1 SOFT SKILL AND DISCOVERY

Soft skill - Introduction-meaning-importance-attributes regarding soft skills- social skills-

thinking skills- Negotiating skills- exhibiting soft skills- Identifying soft skills- Improving soft
skill- train oneself- Practicing soft skills- Measuring attitude knowing yourself- meaning-
Importance of knowing yourself – SWOT analysis- Benefits of SWOT analysis.

UNIT 2 TIME MANAGEMENT

Features of time- three secrets of time management- time management matrix- effective
schedule- Grouping of activities- five realizing the value of time.

UNIT 3 INTERVIEW SKILLS AND ART OF LISTENING

Interview- Meaning- Types of interview- Telephone Interview- Dress code at Interview- Typical
question in interview- Tips to prevent well in the interview. Listening- Meaning- Benefits of
active listening- kinds of listening- Factor that hamper listening- Poor listening habit-
Advantages of active listening.

UNIT 4 GROUP DISCUSSION AND ETIQUETTE MANNERS

Group discussion- Meaning- Importance of group discussion – Character tested in group

discussion- Tips on group discussion- Types of group discussion- Consequences of group
discussion- Behavior in group discussion- concentrate while preparing for group discussion-
Nonverbal communication in group discussion. Etiquette ; Meaning – Benefits of etiquette-
Personal etiquette- Business meeting and social etiquette – Meaning of manners, poor manners
noticed in youth- Importance of good manner- practicing good manner-Manners to get respect
from others.

UNIT 5 CAREER PLANNING AND PREPARING CURRICULUM VITAE

Benefits of career planning- Guidelines for choosing the career-myths of about choosing a career
planning- Tips for successful career planning- Resume- Meaning- Types of resume- CV writing
tips- dose’s and don’t’sits in preparing resume.

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 UNIT-1 SOFT SKILLS AND SELF DISCOVERY

INTRODUCTION:

Technical and job related skills are a must, but they are not sufficient when it comes to finding a
job or progressing up the ladder. With the traditional style of leadership becoming out of
fashion. Professional managers expect their employees to have something extra which we call
today,soft skills.

MEANING:

Soft skills are essentially people skills—the non-technical, intangible, personality-specific skills
that determine one’s strengths as a leader, listener, negotiator, and conflict mediator. “Hard”
skills, on the other hand, are more along the line of what might appear on one’s resume—your
education, experience and level of expertise.

Soft skills is a term which refers to personality traits, social graces, facility with language,
personal habits, friendliness, and optimism that mark people to varying degrees

IMPORTANCE OF SOFT SKILLS:

In a survey conducted by an agency, the findings indicate that socially acceptable profile and
skills are needed to make a good employee. The ever-changing impact of technology and style
of management pay so much attention to soft skills.

“Soft skills are very important in business. It is essential tobe technically sound, but one should
also have the ability to convey the idea to the masses in the simplest possible manner".
"Planning is necessary but execution is also equally important. And it takes softskills to execute
any idea because it involves dealing with people directly"

For this reason, soft skills are increasingly sought out by employers in addition to standard
qualifications.

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Soft skills cannot be taught. However it can be developed through proper training. Majority of
the managers observe that they could find workers who have "hard skills" but many potential job
seekers lack the soft skills that a company needs.

ATTRIBUTES REGARDED AS SOFT SKILLS:

Employers are now looking for people who can do more than just perform a set of tasks.
Employers are increasingly searching for more than a qualification, and highlighting your soft
skills can put you at a considerable advantage over similarly qualified candidates.

In addition to key competencies like strong analytical skills, reasoning skills and a proven ability
to manage complex information that employers are looking for, desirable soft skills which
include:

INTERPERSONAL SKILLS: These include the ability to lead, motivate and delegate. They
are important at every level of organizational responsibility and should always be evident. Being
the most technical person in your field is not always enough to succeed unless you have the
ability to convince others that what you are doing is important.

TEAM WORKING:

Today’s world is driven by innovation leading to constant change and success of an organization
depends on its teams. Thus it has become mandatory to train the employees in all spheres of
management. Team building is one of the crucial areas in which the employees need to be
trained.

NEGOTIATION SKILLS:

Negotiating in a way means you are able to achieve desired outcomes and still maintain
successful ongoing relationships with others. Influencing positively will help you achieve more
of what you want and build relationships based on openness, trust, understanding and mutual
respect.

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COMMUNICATION SKILLS:

The ability to communicate ideas to others effectively is an absolutely essential requirement for
technical, engineering and IT professionals, as the nature of the industries make them dependent
upon shared knowledge. In fact, communication skills could be the deciding factor in
determining whether or not you are selected, so without them your career could be severely
impaired.

TIME MANAGEMENT: The busy man only can manage to do many things, which seem to
be beyond the reach of ordinary people. The life of great leaders teaches us one lesson. They
have to do many things spite of their busy schedule. The secret therefore lies in scientific
management of time.

STRESS MANAGEMENT:

Stress is the word that many people use when they are describing how the demands of their life
seems to be becoming too great for them to cope with. This ability to cope with stress varies
from individual to individual. But the fact is that work and stress go hand in hand. Every one in
every job experiences pressure/stress. Your success in a job depends on your ability to handle
work pressure.

SOFT SKILLS – SOCIAL

 Communication skills

 Interpersonal skills

 Positive attitude

 Values

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  Perception

 Etiquette

SOFT SKILLS – THINKING

 Creativity

 Problem solving

 Decision-making

SOFT SKILLS – NEGOTIATING

 Coping with time

 Coping with stress

 Coping with emotions

 Teamwork

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 

EXHIBITING YOUR SOFT SKILLS:

The demonstration of your key skills should be an ongoing process throughout your working
career. Demonstrate your strengths by finding an example of when you used a certain skill.
Think about what, when, why and how of every situation and this should help to communicate
your selling points and enhance your credibility.

Try to show your employer’s new and alternative approaches that distinguish you and your
interpersonal skills from the rest of the candidates – presentation – can demonstrate verbal
communication skills, while reports can be used as evidence of your writing capabilities.

IMPROVING YOUR SOFT SKILLS:

Having identified certain skills that you need to improve and develop to match your job. You
should then develop a plan, identifying your goal and the steps needed to achieve it. Keep the
steps small and manageable and put them in a timeframe, defining how you will know when you
have reached your goal to measure your success.

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ASK OTHERS FOR HELP: Soft skills by nature involve working with others, so ask for
help in developing them. Share you plan with co-workers and ask for their assistance. Locate
and request feedback as you develop. You can also utilize educational, developmental or
training opportunities at your work. Meetings, seminars and volunteer work can all help improve
certain desirable soft skills.

CONTINUE TO CHALLENGE NEW SOFT SKILL SETS:

Research tells that continual learning keeps our brain active and therefor our minds healthy.
Everyone can improve certain areas of their soft skills capabilities.

There is a lot of argument in the business sector as to whether it is possible to enhance soft skills
through training especially at the age of 20 and above. To this, the answer is yes. The trainers
are so professional that they are able to make greater impact on the trainees within a short span
of time. Training on soft skills has become all the more important in India and there are lots of
professional trainers in every organization.

In the initial years of one’s career, one’s technical abilities are important to get good
assignments. However, when it comes to growing in an organization, it is the soft skills that
matter. More so in large organizations where several people with similar technical expertise will
compete for a promotion; soft skills have come to occupy a centre stage.

Corporate houses have started to take up the task of grooming employees who are the link
between the company and the external world, so that they are able to present themselves better.
In any case the employees stand to benefit a lot.

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TRAIN YOURSELF:

Soft skills being internal and innate they can be acquired by constant practice. Here are some
ways in which such skills can acquired.

BE A PART OF TEAM ACTIVITIES:

Be a team player. Observe your own behavior in the group and how you relate to others.

ASK FAMILY MEMBERS OR FRIENDS TO WRITE DOWN YOUR BEST AND

WORST TRITS:

Examine and evaluate the common traits all of them have mentioned. Thus, you can be aware of
your strengths and weakness.

HOW WELL DO YOU MANAGE YOUR TIME?

Effective time management is very essential in the corporate world.

PRACTICE THE HABIT OF GETTING FEEDBACK:

Your skills come into the picture when you get feedback from others. And it is important how
you respond to the feedback you receive.

PRACTICE THE HABIT OF GIVING FEEDBACK:

While responding to feedback is one side of the coin, giving feedback is the other side. Master
yourself in giving feedback. Be professional; be concrete.

LIVE CONSCIOUSLY:

As Lord Buddha said “learn to live this moment” be aware of what you do. Ensure that every
second of your life passes you. Simply being aware of oneself and living consciously can
enhance soft skills.

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PRACTICING SOFT SKILLS:

You must know to put your soft skills into use and get the most out of them. Here are some tips
for you to show your soft skills.

HAVE A POSITIVE ATTITUDE:

We’ve all heard that it’s better to see the glass half full instead of half empty. And in the
workplace, that type of positive thinking can go a long way. An overall positive outlook leads to
an overall positive attitude, and that can be a valuable asset in work environments.

They key to having a positive attitude is in how you tackle obstacles and challenges that come
your way. For example, instead of complaining about a stressful workload, think about it as an
opportunity to show off your abilities by getting through it productively and efficiently.

BE A TEAM PLAYER:

Employers love an employee who displays the ability to work well in groups and teams. Being a
team player means not only being cooperative, but also displaying strong leadership ability when
it’s appropriate.

When a conflict arises within your team, take the initiative to mediate. When you find your team
getting stuck in a project, take the lead to move things forward. Try to be more collaborative in
the work you do and build professional relationships with your coworkers.

COMMUNICATE EFFECTIVELY:

Good communication skills are essential to someone’s job performance. Communication is what
allows you to build bridges with coworkers, persuade others to adopt your ideas and express your
needs.

Many small things you already do – things you probably don’t even think – about have a big
impact on your communication skills. Here are some things you should be aware of when
communicating with others:

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  Make good eye contact

 Don’t fidget

 Avoid body movements that cut you off from others, like folding your arms

 Don’t talk for the sake of talking; always has a point.

 Enunciate your words properly

 Hone your grammar skills with a good reference or style manual.

EXUDE CONFIDENCE:

In almost every situation where you’re trying to impress another person, confidence is the key.
While it’s important to accept your limitations and act humble when you receive praise, it’s also
important to acknowledge your strengths and embrace them.

Make sure you have the knowledge and skills to back up your confidence. If you act confidently
in some of your job responsibilities make sure that it’s based on genuine and positive
reinforcement.

DEVELOP CREATIVE SKILLS

Creativity and imaginative thinking are valued in any job. Even the most technical positions
require the ability to9 think outside the box. So never underestimate the power of innovative
problem solving.

When you’re handed a tedious task, try to tackle it in a way that allows you to complete it more
efficiently. When a problem comes along that others are reluctant to take on, take the
opportunity to find a creative solution. If it doesn’t work, then at least you’ll have tried.

ACCEPT AND LEARN FROM CRITICISM:

This is one of the most challenging soft skills, which is why it’s typically one of the most
impressive to employers. Your ability to handle criticism says a lot about your willingness to
improve. And being able to criticize the work of others conductively is just as important.

Be aware of how defensive you get in reaction to negative feedback. Never reject a piece of
constructive criticism completely without acknowledging that at least part of it is helpful. And
when you criticise, make sure it’s done diplomatically. Try to anticipate how the person you’re
criticizing will react based on his personality, and shape the way you criticize him accordingly.

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MOTIVATE YOURSELF AND LEAD OTHERS:

It’s important for an employer to know that you’re a self-starter who takes initiative. This means
constantly seeking out new ways to keep your job interesting and motivational, even if it seems
repetitive.

Creativity plays a big role in this, but there’s more to motivation than just that. Have the courage
to pursue those ideas you’ve had stuck in the back of your mind, and have the dedication to
follow through with them and be successful. Lead others in the same direction to work towards a
common goal. Remember that a good leader leads by example.

Prioritize your to-do list:

In today’s workplace, a good employee is expected to able to shuffle several different

assignments and projects at once. You should be good at tracking the progress of different
projects you’ve been handed to work on. You should know how to prioritize what’s most
important. These are the keys to being a good planner.

Don’t be afraid to take on new taks. Show off your planning skills by taking on projects that fall
all over the spectrum. Branch out beyond your direct responsibilities, and be sure to report on
the progress of projects regularly.

SEE THE BIG PICTURE:

Looking at the larger picture in your work means seeing the determining factors of success in
what you do. It also means recognizing a risk that’s worth taking, and knowing when to take it.

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KNOWING YOURSELF:

MEANING:

Men and women are not prisoners of fate, but only prisoners of their own minds. –Franklin D.
Roosevelt

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IMPORTANCE OF KNOWING YOURSELF:

If you know yourself you will be able to know your strength and weakness. Subsequently you
will be able to remove your weak portion. You must know yourself in order to be useful to
yourself and others.

1.HELPS TO CONTROL EMOTIONS:

Knowing yourself guard yourself against your responses trigged by your emotions. Everything
you do is based on your emotions only and often emotions lead to miscalculations. Knowing
yourself helps you to take control of your emotions and helps in decisions and choices when you
are in an emotional state.

2.HELPS TO REACH YOUR GOAL:

Knowing yourself is a very important task that you have to undertake, and the most challenging
as well. Why you know who you are, and clearly understand what you want, you have a better
chance of discovering how to reach your goal, personal fulfillment and happiness.

3.HELPS TO REACH BETTER DECISIONS:

Knowing yourself is important because it will help you to make better decisions and be a better
person. The more aware you are of your faults the less detached you will feel. You will also feel
more at ease with yourself. You will also be able to improve those things that you want to and let
go of the things that you can’t.

4.HELPS TO IMPROVE RELATIONSHIP: Knowing your true and inner self will be of
great help in working to reach you goals more effectively. It will guide you along the path to
success and take you to such calmness that it will improve your attitude as well as your
relationships with others in your life.

5.HELPS TO REALIZE AND IMPROVE YOUR FULL POTENTIAL:

Knowing yourself will enable you to develop your full potential and be happy, contented and

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fulfilled. Knowing yourself ensures success in business, friendship, love, sports or altogether.

6.HELPS TO EXPERIENCE HAPPINESS AND JOY:

Knowing yourself enables you to discover and attian your goals and then when you reach your
goals you turn out to be a happy person. This not only fills you with much happiness butalso
improves your mindset. And that is the happiness in truest sense.

PROCESS OF KNOWING YOURSELF:

1.MAINTAIN PERSONAL DIARY

Maintaining a diary helps you in learning what you are, your like and dislikes, your passions, and
what you want to be in life. Find five to ten minutes every day and choose a comfortable place
to write. Write about how you feel, what bothers you, what excites you, and establish a
connection between you and yourself.

2.PRACTICE MEDITATION:

Meditation helps you to observe yourself in the present moment. Often meditation is
misunderstood to be a tough practice and only the sadhus and sanyasis can perform it. It is not
so. Meditation is not a state of emptying the mind but emptying yourself of anxiety, worry,
excitement and so on. Find 10 minutes every day and sit comfortably. Focus on your breath and
allow the thoughts that enter your mind. Acknowledge them but don’t allow them to disturb you.

3.EXERCISE REGULARLY:

It is proved time and again that exercise helps a person physically and mentally. Exercise is a
kind of meditation. It helps you in different ways. If you are a person facing hard times then
exercise is the best way to slow you down.

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4.GO FOR WALK REGULARLY:

If exercising is not possible, opt for walking because waloking is a moving mediation. It allows
you to slow down, and notice what’s going on around you. It can provide you with an
opportunity to mull over something that may be on your mind, or simply to notice the beauty and
bounty of what surrounds you.

5.DO SOME RIDING OR DRIVING:

This may look a bit odd here. But driving proves to be a good process particularly when you
find it hard to locate a quiet place. Do not forget to take your electronic gadgets to listen to your
favorite music.

6.DO SOME OUTINGS:

Practice a habit of going out for sightseeing particularly when down with something in life. A
day spent in the part, a theatre, coffee house and so on help a lot. These are the outings that
allow you to be with yourself. The purpose of these activities is sheer enjoyment.

7.DEVELOP SOME HOBBIES:

Identify the hobbies of your early days. Try to do things that you used to do those days. It will
give you a chance to identify your passion within you. After all what was done in the early days
has a lot of impact in a person’s life. Hobbies help you to find some time to relax.

8.DEVELOP NEW INTERESTS:

As the days pass by in the school, colleges, or offices develop new interest. Allow yourself to
think something new and different. Such thinking may take you sky high in the ladder of your
personal and professional life. Investigate and research things you find interesting. Try
connecting ideas that come across your mind and continuously explore.

SWOT Analysis:

SWOT stands for strengths, weaknesses, Opportunities and threats.

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A SWOT analysis is a framework for analyzing your strengths and weaknesses, and the
opportunities and threats you face. This helps you to focus on your strengths, minimize
weaknesses, and take the greatest possible advantage of opportunities available.

A SWOT analysis is particularly powerful that is can help you uncover opportunities that you
can take advantage of. And by understanding your weaknesses, you can manage and eliminate
threats that would otherwise put you in difficulties.

BENEFITS OF SWOT ANALYSIS:

One of the major benefits of SWOT analysis is that it is scaleable. It can be as small as a couple
of people talking about a situation to a multi-month project in a large multinational company.
The other benefits are:

 SIMPLE:

It’s simple to the participants. They can grasp the concepts and process easily. And, they almost
always enjoy the process. It can be practiced at individual and corporate level.

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  LESS EXPENSIVE:

A SWOT analysis can be done internally provided the internal facilitator has the experience can
be fashioned to meet individual as well as corporate needs.

 INCLUSIVE:

It allows the participation of the team. In addition, since it utilizes the while team, the results are
more likely to represent the real environments.

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 UNIT-2TIME MANAGEMENT

INTRODUCTION:

“THE BUSY MAN HAS TIME FOR EVERYTHING”

The busy man only can manage to do many things, which seems to be beyond the reach of
ordinary persons. The life of great leaders teachers us one lesson. They have to do many things
in spite of their busy schedule. The secret therefore lies in scientific management of time.

Time management is actually self management. The skills that we need to manage others are
the same skill that is required to manage others are the same skills that are required to manage
ourselves. Namely the ability to plan, organize, direct, and control.

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FEATURES OF TIME:

 Time is an asset. It is asset of fictitious nature.

 Time is an opportunity. It is a chance given to an individual to create, innovate and

manufacture something.

 Supply is limited. Time is limited in its supply.

THREE SECRETS OF TIME MANAGEMENT:

1. VALUE OF TIME:

Unlike money and material, time once lost cannot be regained or replaced. Besides, time is a
resource which cannot be substituted.

2. TIME BUDGETING:

More than money, time is to be budgeted properly.

3. CONCENTRATION:

Concentration is doing one's immediate duty on hand with proper care and attention. Such
care and attention is possible only when a person has concentration what he does.

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TIME MANAGEMENT MATRIX:

1. DO NOW

 Emergencies

 Crisis

 Demands from the boss

 Planned tasks due now

 Seeing a doctor when sick

 Seeing the day’s news

 Meetings and appointments

 Paying phone bills

2. PLAN TO DO

 Studying

 Panning

 Relationship building

 Developing changes

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  Eating regularly healthy food

 Attending classes

 Taking up revision tests

3. REJECT AND EXPLAIN

 Attending some phone calls

 Attending parties

 Seeing a movie

 Taking account of attractive discount sales

 Trivial request from others

 Adhoc interruptions/distraction

 Apparent emergences

 Pointless routine activities

4. RESIST AND CEASE

 Watching movies

 Watching TV

 Chatting with friends

 Internet chatting

 Sight seeing

 Shopping\ computer games

 Day dreaming

“Do not postpone to tomorrow what can be finished today”

EFFECTIVE SCHEDULING:

Scheduling is the process by which you look at the time available to you and plan how you
will use it to achieve the goals you have set.

A schedule is a tool that helps you plan your time and work. Think of it as a time map with

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every task spread out in plain sight. You are in control. You can move the tasks around and
change the amount of time you wish to allot. \When the schedule is finally set up, it will work
well since everything is planned and accounted for the way you want it to be.

Many people see schedules as an inflexible method of organizing time. An inflexible

schedule, however, is both useless and destuctive. Instead, create a schedule to suit your
individual needs and personality,one which will help you study at the best possible time.

Since it is your schedule, you can decide how flexible or rigid the schedule needs to be to get
tasks done. An effective schedule reflects your personality. Match your personality with your
schedule.

STUDY TIME:

How much time should you allot for studying and how should it be distributed? In general,
plan on two to three hours of study per week for every academic unit. However, if you’re
spending more than four hours per unit, you may be studying ineffectively. Only you can
determine how much time youneed.

SCHEDULING HELPS IN

 Understanding what you can really achieve

 Making the best use of time available

 Leaving enough time for things that you absolutely must do

 Preserving contingency time to handle the unexpected

 Minimizing stress

GROUPING OF ACTIVITIES:

The activities that you carry out in a day can be grouped into two categories

 Maintenance tasks:

These are the activities that ensure you survive. They are sleeping, driving, standing on
line, eating, open mail, dressing and grooming.

 Impovement tasks:

These are activities that ensure you thrive. These activites add value by moving you closer
to your long-term ambitions. Spend 80 percent of your time in improvement taks and 20 percent
in maintenance task.

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FIVE STEPS TO SUCCESSFUL TIMME MANAGEMENT:

 Set specific goals (be it academic or personal)

 Create a term calender recording major events

 Create a weekly schedule of your classes, meeting etc

 Decide on specific times to work on each course

 Make a to-do list for each day the night before.

TIME MANAGEMENT TIPS FOR STUDENTS

1. plan an hour per day for “Me Time”

give twenty- trhee hours to school/colleges,your friends , and family but keep one
hour for yourself.

During this hour add a new dimension to your life . read books, learn a foreign
languages, develop computer skills, start a business, spend time on health
development etc.
2. Establish a regular reading program.
It can be just fifteen minutes a day. With that small investment of time , the average
person will read fifteen books in a year.
3. Overload your days.
Create a daily action plan that includes not only the things you “have to do, but things
you “want to do” if you give yourself one thing to do during the day, it will take you
all day. If you give yourself two things to do during the day, you get them both done.
Having a lot to do in a day creates a healthy sense of pressure on you to get focused
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 and get it done.
4. Prioritize your list of “things to do”.
Some of your tasks are “crucial” and some of your tasks are “not crucial” . you have
tendency to get attracted to the “not crucial” items because they are typically quicker,
more fun, and easier to do. Identify the most important task you need to do. You may
not get everything done but you will get the most important things done.
5. Radiate a genuine, positive attitude.
When you are in negative mood you tend to annoy the positive who do not want to be
brought down by your negativity. This includes your friends, your family, and your
teachers. And when you are in a negative mood, you have natural system set up to
attract the other negative people to you. Positive people help to bring you up.
Negative people help to bring you down.

TIME WASTERS:

 Indecision

 Inefficiency

 Unanticipated interruptions that do not pay off

 Procrastination

 Unrealistic time estimates

 Unnecessary errors

 Crisis Management

 Poor organization

 Ineffective meetings

 Micro-management

 Doing urgent rather than important things

 Poor planning and lack of contingency plans

 Failure to delegate or delegating without authority

 Lack of priorities, standards, policies or procedures

TIME SAVERS:

 Manage the decision making process; not the decisions

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  Concentrate on doing only one task at a time

 Establish daily,short-term, mid-term and long-term goals

 Handle correspondence quickly with short letters or memos

 Throw unneeded things away

 Establish personal deadlines and ones for your organization

 Do not waste other people’s time.

 Ensure all meetings have a purpose, a time limit, and include only essential people.

 Get rid of busy work

 Maintain accurate calendars and abide by them

 Know when to stop a task, policy or procedure

 Delegate everything possible and empower subordinates

 Keep things simple

 Ensure time is set aside for high priority tasks

 Set aside time for reflection

 Use checklists and to do lists

 Adjust priorities as a result of new tasks.

REALIZING THE VALUE OF TIME:

 To realize the value of one year, ask a student who failed a grade.

 To realize the value of one month, ask a mother who gave birth to a prmature boy.

 To realize the value of one week, ask the editor of a weekly newspaper

 To realize the value of one hour, ask the lover who are waiting to meet.

 To realize the value of one minute, ask a person who missed the train.

 To realize the value of one second, ask a person who just avoided an accident.

To realize the value of one Millisecond, Ask the person who won a silver medal in the Olympics.

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 UNIT 3 INTERVIEW SKILLS AND ART OF LISTENING

INTERVIEW SKILLS

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INTRODUCTION:

Interview is a social process, which involves interactions between two persons – the
interviewer and the interviewee. It gives a change to the interviewer to have a glimpse of the
inner traits and qualities of the interviewee.

In a very short span of time you have to exhibit your attitudes, skills and knowledge (ASK
PRINCIPLE). All that you have studied for about 18 years are so has to be brought out in a very
short span of time.

Now a days potential candidates should not take it for granted that their interview will be a
one – on – one situation. Advances in technology have increased the potential for applicants to
be tested using a host of different mediums.

Why an interview?

 They see you in flesh and blood

 They can hear you speak
 They can look at your spoken image
 You get know them
 You come to know them expectations.
 You can impress them with your attitude,skills, and knowledge(ASK principles)

TYPES OF INTERVIEW:

You will encounter a number of interview techniques during our job search. Approaches vary
according to the nature of the role and the industry

BEHAVIOURIAL INTERVIEW:

The interviewer will ask you to describe how how handled various situations in your life. The
emphasis is on your experience and its relevance to the position for which your being considered.
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 Prepare by identifying four or five examples that show how you faced challenges and
achieved positive outcomes in your life. In each case, descrie a specific task or situation that is
relevant to the role in question.

SITUATIONAL INTERVIEWS:

These are very similar to behaviouralinterviews . The difference is that situational inteviews
pose hypothetical questions, rather than asking for specific examples of past performance.

Questions are based on the skills and personality traits that are required for the role.

UNSTRUCTURED INTERVIEWS:

This style is conversational and information is gained through a free-flowing discussion. The
interviewer does not ask a set of question in a predetermined order.

You are required to carry the conversation and the topics you discuss generally lead to
subsequent questions.

PANEL INTERVIEWS:

These consist of multiple interviewers who are usually sourced from different parts of that
organization. Objectives are likely to vary between members of the organization. Objectives
are likely to vary between members of the panle and this will affect the flow of questioning.

In short, the types of interview are classified as under

 Structured interview: Conducted with a proper setting and format.

 STRESS INTERVIEW: Conducted to test one’s ability to cope with stress.
 SITUATIONAL INTERVIEW: Conducted to test how you react to a situation
 WALK IN INTEVIEW: Conducted in a job fair.

INTERVIEW PANEL

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 1. Subject knowledge expert –test the subject knowledge
2. Management representative- test the ability to a team player
3. HR Manager – test the attitude and innate interest

TELEPHONIC INTERVIEW:

Often a great deal of applicants will be competing for a single role and therefore the company
will simply not have the time of resources to meet everyone personally. A quick chat on the
phone will allow them to narrow down the numbers further. Although this situation can be quite
nerve racking, in fact it provides applicants with the perfect opportunity to practice giving their
hroughly researched answers in a less intimidating situation. The following points should be
borne in mind:

 Answers to predictable questions should be thoroughly researched and applicants should

be polite and respectful.
 Interviewees should remain calm, even if they are forced to perform under
 pressure. Applicants should find a quiet place to sit and try their hardest to avoid
panicking.
 If a time has been prearranged for the conversation then interviewees should forewarn
family members or housemates so that if they happen to answer the phone before you
they will do so politely.
 Applicants should avoid eating, drinking or smoking on the phone, as such noises will
come across loudly to the interviewer and will appear unprofessional.

Employers use telephone interviews as a way of identifying and recruiting candidates for
employment. Phone interviews are often used to screen candidates in order to narrow the pool of
applicants who will be invited for in person interviews. They are also used as way to minimize
the expenses involved in interviewing out-of-town candidates.

While your actively job searching, it’s important to be prepared for a phone interview on a
moment’s notice. You never know when a recruiter or a networking contact might call and ask if
you have a few minutes to talk.

BE PREPARED FOR TELEPHONIC INTERVIEW:

Prepare for a phone interview just as you would for a regular interview. Compile a list of
your strengths and weaknesses, as well as a list of answers to typical interview questions.

 Keep your resume in clear view, on the top of your test, or tape it to the wall near the
phone, so it’s at your fingertips when you need to answer questions.
 Have a short list of your accomplishments available to review.

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  Have a pen and paper handy for note taking.
 Turn call-waiting off so your call isn’t interrupted.
 If the time isn’t convenient, ask if you could talk at another time and suggest some
alternatives.
 Clear the room-evict the kids and the pets. Turn off the stereo and the TV. Close the
door.
 Unless you’re sure your cell phone service is going to be perfect, consider using a
landline rather than your cell phone to avoid a dropped call or static on the line.

PRACTICE:

Talking on the phone isn’t as easy as it seems. Have a friend or family member conduct a
mock interview and tape record it so you can see how you sound over the phone. Any cassette
recorder will work. You’ll be able to hear your “ums” and “okays” and you can practice
reducing them from your conversational speech.

DURING THE PHONE INTERVIEW:

 Don’t smoke, chew gum, eat or drink

 Do keep a glass of water handy, in case of need to wet your mouth.
 Smile. Smiling will project a positive image to the listener and will change the tone of
your voice.
 Speak slowly and enunciate clearly.
 Use the person’s title (Mr. or Ms. And their last name) Only use a first name if they ask
you to.
 Don’t interrupt the interviewer.
 Take your time- it’s perfectly acceptable to take a moment or two to collect your
thoughts.
 Give short answers.
 Remember your goal is to set-up a face-to-face interview. After you thank the
interviewer ask if it would be possible to meet in person.

After the interview:

 Take notes about what you have asked and how you answered.
 Remember to say “thank you’’. Follow with a thank you note which reiterates your
interest in the job.

In short , remember the following during telephonic interview:

 Stay calm and positive

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  Voice matters a lot
 English grammar matters a lot
 Try mock runs with your friends
 Have your resume in front of you
 Having the supporting material with you
 Jot down a few notes about the points you would like to discuss with the interviewer
 Mention your passion
 Remember you cannot make out what the interviewer think about you(no clue of body
language)

Dress Code at Interview:

An article in a magazine spoke about candidates for jobs wearing jean, purple sweatsuits ,
and spike heels or sneakers. Other applicants weren`t afraid to show pierced body parts and
spiked hair . Still others chewed gum or showed up in rumpled clothes or with their pants falling
down. One recruiter even told a candidate with his trousers down
below his hips , to “pull your pants up” . According o the article, the outlandish dress costs some
candidate the job.

Women’s interview attire:

 Solid color, conservative suits

 Coordinated blouse
 Moderated shoes
 Limited jewellery
 Neat, professional hairstyle

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  Tan or light hosiery
 Sparse make-up and perfume
 Manicured nails
 Portfolio or briefcase

Men’s interview attire:

 Solid color, conservative suit

 White long sleeve shirt
 Conservative tie
 Dark socks , professional shoes
 Very limited jewellery
 Neat, professional hairstyle
 Go easy on the aftershave
 Neatly trimmed nails
 Portfolio or briefcase

In Short:
 Look Smart
 Wear a white and light shirt
 Avoid loud color and flashy tie
 Hair recently cut and look neat
 Shave in the morning
 Avoid piercing dress
 Avoid high heels
 Avoid junky jewellery and accessories
 Have a modest make up and perfume
 Have a folder or brief case

INTRODUCTION

When interacting, people often are not listening attentively to one another .they may be
distracted, thinking about other things, or thinking about what they are going to say next.

Active listening means a structured way of listening and responding to others . It Focuses
attention on the speaker .suspending one’s own likes and dislikes are important in order to fully
attend to the speaker.

While listening, it is important to observe the other person’s behavior and body language.
having listened to this speakers , the listeners may them paraphrase to the speaker’s words .It is

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important to know that the listener is not necessarily agreeing with the speaker but need to state
what said they active listener should be able to describe the underlying emotions in the what is
spoken.

Active listening is used in a wide variety of situations , including interview and employment ,
counseling and journalistic settings. In groups it may aid in reaching consensus . It may also be
used in casual conversation to build understanding.

The benefits of active listening include getting people to open up , avoiding misunderstanding ,
resolving conflict and building trust.

The process of active listening focuses on the ability of and individual to understand a speaker
message. It is huge part of every daylife , and failing to understand the concept of active listening
can be very detrimental to one’s contribution to the organizations, individuals , society, indeed ,
detrimental to quality of life in general . In the office, people listen to their superiors for
instructions about what they are to do .At colleges, students listen to the teachers for information
that they are expected to understand, for quizzes and tests . In all areas of life , active listening
plays a huge role in human communication.

What is listening ?

Listening is following and understanding the sound . Listening is emotional where as hearing is
physical.

Liatening is the absorption of the meanings of words and sentence by the brain. Listening leads
to the understanding the facts and ideas.

Listening is the bigger part of communication.

“Listening is the magnetic and the strange thing, a creative force.When we really listen to people
there is an alternative current , and this recharges us so that we never get tired of each other .”

_ BRENDA UELAND

BENEFITS OF ACTIVE LISTENING :

It helps people to spot the flaws in their reasoning when the hear it played back without
criticism.

It also helps identify areas of agreements so the areas of disagreement are put into perspective
and are diminished rather than magnified.

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Reflecting back what you hear each other say helps give each a chance to become aware of
different levels that are going on below the surface. This helps to bring the things into the open
where they can be more readily resolved.

If u accurately understand the other person’s view , you can be more effective in helping the
person see the flaws in his / her position .

If you listen you can accurately understand the other’s view, you can also be effective in
discovering the flaws in your own position .

KINDS OF LISTENING

The three basic listening words :

1. Competitive or combative listening happens when you are more interested in promoting
your own point of you then in understanding or exploring someone else’s view .You either listen
for openings to take the floor , or for flaws are weak points you can attack . As you pretend to
pay attention you are impatiently waiting for an opening or internally formulating your rebuttal
and planning your devastating comeback that will destroy their argument and make you the
victor.

2. Passiveor attentivelistening is when you are genuinely interested in hearing and

understanding the other person’s point of view .you are attentive and passively listen. you
assume that you heard and understand correctly ,but stay passive and do not verify it.

3.Active or reflective listening is the single most useful and important listening skill .In active
listening you are also genuinely interested in understanding what the other person is thinking ,
feeling, wanting or what the message means ,and you are active in checking out your
understanding before you respond with your own new message . You restate or paraphrase your
understanding of their message and reflect it back to the sender for verification.

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THE FOLLOWING ARE THE OTHER COMMONLY DISCUSSED LISTENING
MODELS:

PASSIVE:

It is actually not listening but hearing .This type of listening happens involuntarily .It is only
receiving the sound.

INFORMATIVE :

It is being interested in the message delivered . It is the first step towards comprehensive
listening.

EVALUATIVE :

It is evaluating what is being said making a judgment accordingly .

APPRECIATIVE:

It is listening to something because you like it . This type of listening helps you in reenergizing
and relaxing .

FACTORS THAT HAMPER LISTENING :

SOURCES OF DIFFICULTY BY THE SPEAKER :

1. Voice volume too low to be hard.

2. Making the message too complex, either by including too many unnecessary details or too
many issues.
3. Getting lost, forgetting your point or the purpose of the interaction.
4. Body language or nonverbal elements contradicting or interfacing with a verbal message,
such as smiling when anger or hurt is being expressed.
5. Paying too much attention to how the other person is taking the message, or how the
person might react.
6. Using a very unique code or unconventional method for delivering the message.

SOURCES OF DIFFICULTY BY THE LISTENING:

 Being preoccupied and not listening.

 Being so interested in what you have to say that you listen mainly to find an opening to get
the floor.
 Formulating and listening to your own rebuttal to what the speaking is saying.
 Listening to your own personal beliefs about what is being said.
 Evaluating and making judgments about the speaker or the message.
 Not asking for clarification when you know that you do not understand.

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OTHER FACTORS THAT HAMPER LISTENING :

 Lack of interest in the subject

 External distractions
 Detest the speaker
 Presumptions
 Inappropriate inferences
 Poor speaker
 Self-induced distractions

LISTENING ETIQUETTE

 Do not distract the speaker

 Make the speaker to speak out his mind
 Avoid belittling the speaker
 Focus on the actual topic
 Do not drag into an argument
 Switch off your cell phones

GOOD LIETENERS VS POOR LISTENERS

Factors Good listeners Poor listeners

Listening Listens with the mind Listens with the emotions
Intervening Intervenes immediately Intervenes later
Distractions Filters our distraction Invites distraction
Attention Listens and understands Looks but dosen’t listen
Reaction Controls emotion Gets up and triggers emotion
Getting along Gets along with the speaker Moves away from

“ATTENTION IS THE RAREST AND PUREST FROM LISTENING”

SOURCES OF DIFFICULTY IN CAUSED BY THE SPEAKER

LISTENING
Voice The volume is too low to be heard
Ideas Too many ideas making too complicated

Body language Not matching with the words spoken

Looking at the listener Paying too much attention as to how the
listener is taking

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 Method used Using an unconventional method for delivery
the message.

Common poor listening habits :

Most people spend more time listening than they spend on anyother communication activity, yet
a large percentage of people never learn to listen well . One reason is that they develop poor
listening habits that continue with them throughout life. The following list contains some of the
poor listening habits .

1.Not paying attention: Listeners may allow themselves to be distracted or to think of

something else .Also , not wanting to listen to listen often contributes to lack of attention .

2. Pseudo Listening : Often people who are thinking about something else deliberately try to
look as though they were listening . Such pretence may leave the speaker with the impression
that the listener has heard some important information or instructions offered by the speaker.

3. Not hearing: Sometimes a person listens only to facts or details or to the way they were
presented and miss the real meaning .

4. Rehearsing: Some people listen until they want to say something ; then they quit listening
,start rehearsing what they will say, and wait for an opportunity to respond.

5. Interrupting: the listener does not wait until the complete meaning can be determined , but
interrupts so forcefully that the speaker stops in mid-sentence.

6. Hearing what is expected: people frequently think they heard speakers say what they
expected them to say . Alternatively , they refuse to hear that they do not want to hear.

7. Feeling defensive: The listeners assumes that they know the speaker`s intention or why
something was said , or for various other reasons , they expected to be attacked.

8.Listening for a point of disagreement: some listeners seem to wait for the chance to attack
someone . they listen intently for point on which they can disagree

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ADVANTAGES OF ACTIVE LISTENING

 You can reduce tension:

Giving the other person a chance to express his problems or view point will help to clear
the air of tension and hostility.

 You can learn by listening:

You can learn about the subject being discussed or about the person speaking.

 Listening can win friends:

The speaker will like you for letting him talk and for listening attentively to him.

 Listening can solve the problems for the other persons:

Giving person a chance to talk through his problem in front of you will clarify your
thinking about the subject and provide the emotional release.

 Listening leads to better work and cooperation from others:

When a person feels that your really interested in him and his problems he respects you
and the organization you represent.
 Listening stimulates the speaker:
Eager, alert and active listening helps the speaker do a better job of presenting his ideas.

 Listening helps you sell:

Attentive listening helps you grasp thimgs quicker and better and consequently you can
sell your ideas easily.

 Listening gives you confidence :

If you can follow the trend of the discussion or speech you can be confident of what you
speak.

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  Listening increase your enjoyment :
Good listening can increase your enjoyment of a play , a movie, a lecture, or a
conversational.

10. Listening enhances your thinking:

The average speaking rate is about 125 words per minute and your capacity to listen is
about 400 to 600 words a minute. Thus while listening you have about 75% of your time
free. You can use this extra time to think, understand, reflect, plan, and decide .

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 UNIT 4 GROUP DISCUSSION AND ETIQUETTE MANNERS

Meaning of GD

"It is a process of examining or considering something in detail in a group.

"It is a process of incorporating views of different team members to reach a common goal."

"A discussion among participants who have an agreed topic to discuss about."

Character Tested In a GD:

Generally a GD is conducted to assess if the candidates have the following traits as

expected in the workplace.

 Team player: In the beginning of one’s career a person has to work in a group and only at
later stage he starts working as a leader independently. Persons lacking team skill cannot
be good managers.

 Reasoning ability: It plays an important role while expressing your opinions or ideas.

 Leadership Quality: At times you may have to direct the group facilitate the situation
inspire individuals and guide in coming to a conclusion.

 Flexibility: You must be open to others idea as well as to the evaluation of your ideas. It
is advised that you don’t start your group discussion with a stand because you may have
to change or alter.

 Assertiveness: You must put forth your views in a confident yet polite way. You should
be able to tell others that you are assertive and not aggressive as otherwise.

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  Initiative: You must be the first one in the group to initiate the group discussion. But
there is a risk involved in it that is if you are not well versed with the topic it can backfire
you.

 Creativity: You should be able to think out of the box. If your ideas open new horizons
for the discussion in a group it is always appreciated.

 Inspiring ability: When you find some team members want to express their ideas but are
not getting the chance to do so giving them a chance to speak will attract the attention of
both the participants and the evaluator.

 Listening: The bigger part of communication is listening. You must strike a balance
between expressing your ideas and listening to other’s ideas.

 Awareness: Your awareness about the topic both at the micro and at the macro level is
assessed. Besides the above mentioned traits other traits like communication, self –
confidence, logical thinking, and sense of responsibility are tested.

TYPES OF GD:

(i)Factual Topics: Factual topics are about practical thing which an ordinary person is aware of
in his day-to-day life. Typically these are about socio economic topics. A factual topic for
discussion gives a candidate a chance to prove that he is aware of and sensitive to his
environment.

E.g.: The education policy of India

The status of the aged in India.

(ii) Controversial topics: Controversial topics are the ones that are argumentative in nature. They
are meant to generate controversy. The idea behind giving a topic like this is to see how much
maturity the candidate is displaying by keeping his temper in check by rationally and logically
arguing his point of view without getting personal and emotional.

E.g.: Reservation should be removed.

A woman makes better manager, etc….

(iii) Abstract topics: abstract topics are about intangible things. This topics test your lateral
thinking and creativity.

E.g.: A is an alphabet.

Children are …..,

The number 10, etc.

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(iv) Case-based GD: Information about the situation will be given to you and you would be
asked as a group to resolve the situation. In the case study there are no incorrect answers or
perfect solution. The objectives in the case to study are to get you to think about the situation
from various angles.

Consequence of GD:

GD in general brings light or heat. Either it makes members friends or lifetime enemies. It is also
true that a GD makes or mars a group.

POSITIVE OUTCOMES

o Increases motivation of members.

o Enhanced understanding of issue.

o Improved interpersonal relations.

o Enabling to take better decision.

NEGATIVE OUTCOME

o Creation of ill feelings

o Divides the group

o Causes misunderstanding

o Causes quarrel at times.

Behaviour in a GD:

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Functional

o Initiating

o Seeking and giving information

o Clarifying

o Elaborating

o Sharing

o Analysing

o Evaluating

o Summarizing

Dysfunctional:

o Being aggressive

o Blocking

o Competing
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 o Seeking sympathy

o Dominating

o Withdrawing

o Disagreeing beyond reason whispering

Essential element of GD:

Initiating a discussion – If you are familiar with the given topic it would be wise to initiate
the discussion and exhibit you confidence and knowledge of the subject. In case you are not
familiar with the topic better wait for other to start.

Possessing requisite knowledge- Possessing knowledge with essential data and statistics
will provide opportunities to capture the attention of the participant and the organizers.

Communication effectively- In a group discussion your ability to arrange all relevant and
significant information in an organised way matters a lot.

Role of body language- your body language must send the rights signals to coincide with
what you speak because gestures mirror one’s state of mind.

Maturity and mutual respect- purpose of group discussion is only to generate light not heat.
So it is important you keep at atmosphere of co-operation. You also expected to demonstrate
maturity by way of showing mutual respect.

Making an impact- It is not enough you only possess knowledge on the subject but also you
have a long lasting impact on others.

Technique of interruption-you get a very short span of time to leave a mark. This does not
mean that you interrupt others as you like. You must learn the art of the interrupting others.

Reaching consensus: if you are confident of the topic under discussion you must take
initiative to persuade others to reach a consensus.

Different character in GD

1. Task oriented

o Information and opinion giver.

o Information and opinion seeker.

o Direction and role definer.

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 o Summarizer.

o Energizer.

o Comprehension checker.

2. Person oriented

o Encourager

o Communication facilitator

o Tension releaser

o Process observed

o Interpersonal problem solver

o Supporter and praiser.

ETIQUETTE

Etiquette is a code that governs the expectation of social behaviour within a society social class
or group which is usually unwritten.Etiquette usually reflect formulate of conduct in which the
society has its base. Etiquette reflects an underlying ethical code in a multi ethnic society and is
here to occupy an important role.

Benefits of etiquette

Please, thank you, I’m sorry, you are right, I could be wrong, its ok, you are welcome, may I help
you? Is something wrong the list of magic words is endless? Follow the dictates of your heart
and conscience and the words will surface right. The above words will get you the following:

 Differentiates you from others

 Enables you to be confident

 Modifies distracting behaviours.

 Leads to quality and excellence

 Gives credibility to the corporate brand

 Enhances the status of the company

 Makes you feel valued

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  Develop your personal brand.

CLASSIFICATION OF ETIQUETTE:

PERSONAL ETIQUETTE: Speak with a neutral accent. The way you speak and your accent
affects the way people respond to you. Here are ten ways to reduce your regional accent.

1. Study the mouth movement of native speakers.

2. Speak slowly until you learn the correct intonation.

3. Listen to the music of English.

4. Use your dictionary to familiarize phonetic symbols.

5. Practice the commonly used words that are difficulty to pronounce.

6. Buy books and CD’s to read and listen at the same time.

7. Pronounce the ending for each word.

8. Read aloud in English for 15to 20 minutes every day.

9. Record your voice and listen for pronunciation mistakes.

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 10. Be patient to learn the language.

BUSINESS MEETING ETIQUETTE: Business meeting is a chance to give the best

impression to get that pending promotion and prove you to the boss. Here are five tips you
should keep in mind when going for a business meeting.

1. Reach the venue well in advance.

2. Ensure you have everything you need for the meeting.

3. Remember to carry the business cards.

4. Dress appropriately may be a little better than how you go to work.

5. Have a conversation with the partner before the official meeting.

SOCIAL ETIQUETTE: Telephonic conversation are needed constantly whether at

work or for personal reasons. These basic etiquette tips will ensure that you don’t offend
any person at the other end.

1. Begin softly saying hello

2. Introduce yourself

3. In case of poor connection call back.

4. In case of leaving a voice mail message repeat your name twice.

5. Ask permission before putting on speaker phone.

DINNER ETIQUETTE: Eating manner reflects your character you have to conduct yourself
with grace at the dining table. There are some basic table manners that you have to keep in mind.

1. Switch off your cell phone before entering the dining hall.

2. Place your napkin on your lap after being seated.

3. Wait until everyone is served.

4. Use the outer most utensils first.

5. Used utensil like knife fork and spoon are to be placed on the plates and saucer
respectively.

6. Cut a bite size piece and eat.

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 7. Sit up straight do not hunch over your plate.

8. Place only your wrists on the table not the hand.

9. Do not stretch yours leg out

10. Chew with your mouth closed.

11. Do not over fill your mouth.

12. Remove gristle bone or an olive bit using spoon.

13. Place the about discretely on your place.

14. Avoid talking with mouth full picking at teeth putting make up.

15. Always say thanks when served something.

16. Relax and dine slowly.

17. After caring place your knife and fork at 4 0 clock position on your plate.

18. After caring put your napkin on the table next to put plate.

19. Remember to say thank you to the host and the server.

INTERVIEW ETIQUETTE: you have to conduct yourself with utmost care grace and
confidence at an interview here are some tips

1. Shake hands and introduce yourself.

2. Wait to be invited to sit down.

3. Avoid making noise while siting.

4. Use 60% of your chair so that you can sit erect.

5. Do not forget to switch off your cell phone.

6. Smile and speak of your achievement.

7. Do not hesitate to ask question.

8. Finally smile and thank the interview.

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TELEPHONE INTERVIEW ETIQUETTE: Telephone interview is designed to reduce the
expenses especially in the case of out of town candidate. Here are few tips to keep note of during
a telephonic interviews.

1. Do not smoke chew eat or drink during conversation.

2. Do keep a glass of water in case of running dry.

3. Speak slowly and pronounce correctly.

4. Use the person title.

5. Do not interrupt the interviewer.

6. Keep your answer short.

7. Thank the person for showing interest.

PROFESSIONAL ETIQUETTE: Working place have becomes competitive and filled with
emotion and tension you need to be professional and diplomatic in whatever you do. Here are
some tips to be professional in your approach.

1. Don’t bang on the key while typing.

2. Keep your cell phones ring tone at the minimum.

3. Keep your cell phone switched off during meeting and presentation.

4. Keep your voice low while talking over the phone.

5. Be punctual for meeting do not make others wait.

6. Do not interrupt the speaker when you don’t agree with his points.

7. Be neatly and formally attired for the work place.

8. Don’t wear tight and revealing clothes at the work place.

9. Avoid using strong perfumes.

10. Keep yourself well groomed and presentable.

CUBICAL ETIQUETTE: With ultra moderns and well furnished cabin there are few points
you need to keep in mind.

1. Avoid making and receiving personal call.

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 2. Respect others privacy.

3. Curb the tendency to look into others cubical.

4. Avoid looking at others computer.

WORK ETIQUETTE: As mentioned earlier there are no set of standard manners and etiquette
different situation warrants different etiquette.

1. Be timely

2. Be polite

3. Be pleasant

4. Be courteous

5. Be flexible

6. Beware of office policies

7. Beware of office politics.

MANNER

Everyone likes a person with good manner.it is not easy to make a list of good manner
because each occasion demands a set of good manner. Some of these change from country to
country and may change even from region to region.

POOR MANNER NOTICED IN YOUTH

 Biting nail when in stress.

 Picking teeth in public.

 Making sound while eating.

 Digging nose.

 Spitting in public.

 Talking loudly over telephone.

 Crossing the roads ignoring rules.

 Sitting with your back facing someone.

51
  Sitting on the office table.

 Cracking vulgar jokes in the presence of women.

 Walking on grass in the park.

 Ridiculing physical disabilities.

 Occupying the street in group.

 Jumping queues.

 Using seats reserved for others.

 Smoking in prohibited areas.

WHY SHOULD YOU PRACTICE GOOD MANNER?

 Manners are something used every day to make a good impression on other and to feel
good about oneself. No matter where you are at home work or with friend- practicing
good manner is important.

 Good manner are more than opening doors and writing thank you notes. While opening
doors for other and writing notes is nice true courtesy goes deeper. Being polite and
courteous means considering how others are feeling.

 If you practice good manner you are showing those around you that you are considerate
of their feeling and respectively. You are also setting standard for others behaviour and
encouraging them to trend you with similar respect.

 Every culture and individual may have different rules on feeling about what is polite or is
not polite.

 These rules may differ from person to person or based on situation.

In short good manner are expected because

 Working places are becoming global.

 Diverse office environment.

 Informal office environment.

 Competitive and conflict ridden work place filled with emotion.

52
  Good manner have taken a back seat.

 Thank you notes are disappearing.

 Considered less important in professional and personal life.

PRACTICING GOOD MANNER:

 While addressing a person use Mr, Mrs, Ms.

 Say thank you and sorry when needed.

 Proffer proper handshake.

 Do not talk ill of others.

 Workplace is not the right place to flirt.

 If you are on the wrong side accept it graciously and apologies.

 Praise in public and blame in private.

 Do not use lewd comments.

 Do not circulate mails of a malicious nature.

 Courteous to others will earn you respect.

 Courteous to others will earn courtesy in return.

 Courteous helps in building cordial relationship.

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RESPECTING THE SACRED: VISITING HOLY PLACE

Proper behaviour at place of worship whether it is a mosque temple gurudwara church or any
spiritual centre is a combination of basic good manner cultural sensitivity and respect for the
sanctity of the place.

 If you are unsure about what is appropriate in an unfamiliar cultural situation it is

perfectly acceptable to ask.

 Just to do what the others do or close your eyes in of silence hands still or in a respectful
gesture of worship.

 It is very important to dress appropriately shorts, T- shirt and other overly casual clothing
should be modest.

 Clothes should be modest.

 For most situation legs and upper arms should be covered.

 In some situation long hair is best tied back.

 Try to retain a posture indicating attentiveness.

 Note that pointing ones feet toward the altar are regarded as disrespect. Avoid extending
your legs.

 If you need to stretch your legs be sure to point your feet away from other people and
sacred object.

 Avoid smoking public display of affection loud talking boisterous laughter and physical
contact.

 Be mindful of body language especially around member of the opposite sex.

 If you wish you may bring flower as an offering to Hindu temples.

 In almost all temples and churches small offering slipped into a donation box are
welcome but not required.

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 UNIT 5 CAREER PLANNING AND PREPARING CURRICULUM VITAE

INTRODUCTION TO CAREER PLANNING:

A career is the work a person does. It is the sequence of jobs that an individual has held
throughout his or her working life. ‘career planning” therefore embraces a persons entire life –
the spiritual, social, educational and vocational. Career planning is the life long process a person
goes through to learn about himself , develop a self concept ,learn about career, and work
situations and then make a career choice based on information gathered. It also includes the skills
the person employs in finding and keeping the job that is right for him or her

BENEFITS OF CAREER PLANNING

Career indecision and a lack of career planning often results in costly consequences in terms of
time, money and aggravation. But career planning helps you to;

GUIDELINE FOR CHOOOSING A CAREER

FOLLOW THE GUIDELINE WHGILE CHOSING A CREER

55
1 EVALUATE URSELF

When choosim a career I t is beneficial toundwerstand ur benefits and ur intertsre when making
significant career decioms it is im potratnr to recogonize a few kety charecsts about urself

Show thbarb u male choice that are wewll suites for u .

II.Research ur opertions

One of the best steps u can take to plan ur furuterv istro dp sokes bvsasoibvd rewsarch into the
career operatipoj operation ur considering. By gathering concreate information from ogjective
sources, you can make better decision about your future. You can obtain information such as:

 Typical job duties

 Training and educational requirements
 Job outlook
 Salary ranges
 Major employers in the occupation

MAKE CONNECTION:

One of the best way to learn about the career path is to find out what it is like from others who
have been there. You can gain valuable inside information from talking to someone in your field
of interest, which includes learning about the day-to-day responsibilities of a position, getting
insights into industry trends, or learning about required training or education for career success.

This approach to information gathering lets you make connections with people who are in
the position to help you find a place of your own that field. “Making a connection” (otherwise
known as networking) is an essential step in the transition from student to professional.

Especially when the job market seems tough, who you know can make all the difference
to your job search. The more you can target your efforts to gain contacts.

GET EXPERIENCE

Learning by doing is a valuable to reach possible career paths, so plan acquiring

experience early. Whether you obtain an internship or work part-time, getting hand on
experience will help you immensely.

56
The more exposure you have to a given career field or industry, the more knowledge will gain
different career options and your career preferences. Practical experiences will also make it
easier for you to make connection with potential mentors

SEE A COUNSELLOR

Carrier centre counsellors are available for one-to-one appointments. Some students
meet with a counselor once to get specific information, for example, to learn how to find an
internship or to get help with their resume. Others may check in at different times during their
search for jobs. In the absence of counsellors in and around, you look for help from your
teachers who know you fairly better.

AN APPOINMENT WITH A COUNSELLOR OR A TEACHER GIVES AN

OPPORTUNITY TO:

 Discuss career options of interest and employers who offer jobs in those fields.
 Identify your interest and strengths or interpret the results of career assessment
instruments
 Understand and utilize successful job search strategies
 Review your resume and cover letter, work on interviewing skills and other job search
skills
 Develop a personal plan of action for the job search.

MAKE DECISIONS:

So far you have made decision related to various facets of life. You have decided
which colleges/ university to attend, what classes to take, and where to stay/ live. Similarly,
selecting a career involves obtaining appropriate information and being aware of the
numerous factors that may influence your decision. The information below is designed to
help you examine how to currently make decisions and offers several approaches to making
future decision.

FACTORS INFLUENCING DECISIONS

 INFORMATION FACTORS. To make sound decision it is important to gather enough

information to evaluate your options.
 DECISION-MAKING EXPERIENCE. Confidence in decision- making ability comes
from having made successful decision you have made already.
 PERSONAL FACTORS. Support and influence from family and friends can have a big
effect on your decision, especially for significant decision that may impact the important
people in your life.

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(VII) YEARLY PLANNER

The yearly planner gives you tips about things you can do each year to help you plan for
your future.

MYTHS ABOUT CHOSING A CAREER

Many people think they know the right way to go about picking an occupation, but they
often wind up choosing a career that is unsatisfying. Here are ten myths of choosing a career
along with resources that can help you make an informed decision

1.CHOOSING A CAREER IS SIMPLE

Actually, choosing a career is an involved process and you should give it the time it
deserves. Career planning is a multi-step process that involves learning enough about yourself
and the occupation which you are considering in order to make an informed decision.

2.A CAREER CONSELLOR CAN TELL ME WHAT OCCUPATION TO PICK

A career counselor, or any other career development professional, cant tell you what career is
best for you. He or she can provide you with guidance in choosing a career and can help
facilitate your decision

3.I CANT MAKE A LIVING FROM MY HOBBY

When choosing a career, it makes perfect sense to choose one that is related to what you enjoy
doing in your space time, if you so desire. In addition, people tend to become very skilled in their
hobbies, even though most of the skill is gained informally.

4.I SHOULD CHOOSE A CAREER FROM A “BEST CAREERS ”LIST

Every year, especially during milestone years, i.e.., the beginning of a new decade, there are
numerous articles and books that list what “the expects” predict will be hot jobs. While the
predictions are often based on valid data, sometimes things change. Way too often what is hot
this year wont be hot a few years from now. In addition, you need to take into accounts your
interest, values and skills when choosing a career. Just because the outlook for an occupation is
right for you.

5.MAKING A LOT OF MONEY WILL MAKE ME HAPPY

While salary is important, it isn’t the only factor you should look at when choosing a career.
Countless surveys have shown that money doesn’t necessarily lead to job satisfication, For
many, people enjoying what they do at work is much more important. However, you should
consider earnings, among other things, when evaluating an occupation.

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6.ONCE I CHOOSE A CAREER I’LL BE STUCK IN IT FOREVER

Not true. If you are unsatisfied in your career for any reason, you can take them from one job to
another. You can always it. Many people change career several times over the course of their
lifetime.

7.IF I CHANGE CAREER MY SKILLS WILL GO TO WASTE.

Your skills are yours to keep. You can take them from one job to another. You can take them
from one job to another. You may not use them in the exact same way, but they won’t go to
waste.

8.IF MY BEST FRIEND IS HAPPY IN A PARTICULAR FIELD, I WILL BE TOO

Everyone is different and what works works for one person wont neccessairly work for another,
even if that other person in someone with whom you have a lot in common. If someone you
know has a career of the fact that it may not neccesarily be a good fit for you.

9.ALL I HAVE TO DO IS PICK AN OCCUPATION THINGS WILL FALL INTO

PLACE AFTER THAT

Choosing a career is a great start, but there’s a lot more to do after that. A Career action
plan is a road map that makes you from choosing a career to becoming employed in that
occupation to reaching your long-term career goals.

10.THERE’S VERY LITTLE I CAN DO LEARN ABOUT AN OCCUPATION

WITHOUT ACTUALLY WORKING IN IT

While first hand experience is great, there are other ways to explore an occupation. You
are other ways to explore an occupation. You can read about it either in print resources or
online. You can also interview those working in that field.

TIPS FOR SUCCESSFUL CAREER PLANING

Career planning is not an activity that should be done once—in high school or college—
and then left behind as we move forward in our jobs and careers. Rather, career planning is an
activity that is best done on a regular basis—especially given the data that the average worker
will change careers multiple times over his or her lifetime.

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 Career choices may well be more different today than at any time in history, for three
reason: there is infinitely more difficult today than at any time in history, for three reasons: there
is infinitely more fluid and changing; and the levels of expectation are rising. Most there is
infinitely more to choose from; career definitions are most fluid and changing; and the levels of
expectation are rising. Most men and women entering the workforce today can expect to change
careers planning.

1.BEGIN WITH YOUR VALUES

Your values are the emotional anchor of notion of a high correspondence between one’s
personal values and the work they will be doing. Being your carrer search by sorting out your
values and writing them down as clearly and succinctly as you can.

2.IDENTIFY YOUR PREFRENCES

A skill is something you’ve learned to do. A talent is something you’ve been born with.
Its Important to recognize the difference between the two. You may be skilled at something and
still not find it interesting. Chances are, however if you are naturally talented at something, there
will be a correspondence between that particular talent and your values.

3.IDENTIFY YOUR PREFRENCES

From early on, we approach the world with certain personal preferences—how we
perceive other, how we think and make decision, whether we prefer concepts over people or vice
versa, and the extent to which we are comfortable with uncertainty in our lives. For many, these
preferences operate at a subconscious level, but they strongly influence the way you function
with 0thers.

4.EXPERIMENT

There’s no substitute for experience, the more the better. Its probably safe to say that
nearly every career looks vastly different from the outside than from within. If you’re new to the
job market or if you are considering a career change, get out and walk to people who are
actually doing it. Take a job in the field or industry and see for yourself if it’s really all you
thought it would be. And don’t rely on a single authority or work experience.

5.BECOME BROADLY LITERATE

In this high-tech information world, there is an incredible pressure to specialize, to know

more and more. That’s dangerous, because it increases your chances of being obsolescent
immensely. Many people lose their jobs and scuttle their careers because they have gradually

60
developed tunnel vision about who and what they are and what their capabilities are. Learn as
much as you can about what interests you and about the jobs and careers you’re considering.

6.OPT FOR EXPERIENCE FIRST, MONEY SECOND

A good way of sizing several opportunities is to ask yourself: “Which position will offer
me the best chance of becoming excellent at what I do?” May not be the one that pays the
highest initial salary.

7.AIM FOR A JOB IN WHICH YOU CAN BECOME 100%COMMITED

Most dedication and average performance are unacceptable today. The problem is, with
downsizing becoming fully acceptable you aren’t likely to discover the truth of that statement
until you‘re out of the job! So, how to protect yourself? If you aren’t able to commit 100%to
what you are currently doing, start now to find something in which you can.

8.BUILD YOUR LIFESTYLE ARROUND YOUR INCOME, NOT YOUR

EXPECTATIONS

A better way is to begin, right with your first job, to structure your lifestyle in such a
manner that you can put away ten percent of every pay cheque. Starting early and investing
regularly and wisely are probably two of the greatest secrets of wealth accumulation.

9.INVEST FIVE PERCENT OF YOUR TIME, ENERGY, AND MONEY INTO

FURTHEING YOUR CAREER

In the terms of a forty-hour week, that’s only two hours per week. This point is, you
cannot reply on yours employer to spoon feed you. Employers today are oriented towards
immediate returns on their money. They will invest in you only when they can see an immediate
or relatively quick expensivebenefit or when they see extraordinary potential.

10.BE WILLING TO CHANGE AND ADAPT

Your values should not obscure the need to be willing to change and adapt to new
conditions, your own growth, and developing the opportunities. The distinction here is between
“direction” and “plan”. An ant has a direction, but not a plan. The ant knows where it want to go
and is willing to turn around, back up, and change course in order ants. The just knows, with
absolute certainty, the general direction n which its heading and that it will get there. That’s what
modern day career direction is all about.

Meaning: A resume is a self –promotional document .basically ,it “sells” you to a company . It
is not a job application. A resume should consist of information about your performance and
accomplishments (especially those that are relevant to the position you are applying for). It is
important to be truthful, specific , and brief .

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CV writing is like advertising. Your CV must sell you to a prospective employer and compete
against other applicants who are also trying to sell themselves.

The way you present your CV effectively demonstrates your ability to communicate, and
particularly to explain a professional business proposition. A well –presented CV also indicates
that you are professional, business –like and well organized . The structure of your CV sells
your strengths first and provides personal and career history details last.

A CV is a brief document which outlines your general personal details, your relevant skills,
experience and qualifications. It is used to help you “sell yourself” to a prospective employer by
highlighting your strengths and achievements. This goes beyond experience, training and skills.
It needs to demonstrate your personal strengths, capabilities and the type of person you are.

“A CV is an advertisement tool that you present to your prospective employees. It must

highlight the specific features written in a chronological order instead of describing your areas of
interests and inherent qualities,”

 The term ‘resume’ is used more in the USA.

 The term ‘curriculum vitae’ is used more in UK.
 Curriculum vitae is abbreviated as CV.
 In this book, both the terms are interchangeably used assuming that there is no big
difference between the two.

DIFFERENCE AMONG BIO-DATA, CV AND RESUME

There are also people who are of the opinion that are the terms RESUME, C.V., and BIO-
DATA are altogether a different one. Let us discuss the difference in detail.

BIO-DATA

Bio Data the short form for biographical data, is the old-fashioned terminology for
resume or C.V. The emphasis in a bio data is on personal particulars like date of birth,
religion, sex, race, nationally, residence , marital status , and the like . Next comes a
chronological listing of education and experience .Bio-Data also includes applications
made in specified formats as required by the company.

The term bio-data is mostly used in India while applying to government jobs, or when
applying for research grants and other situations where one has to submit descriptive
essays.

A bio-data could still perform this role, especially if the format happens to be the one
recommended by the employer.

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Personal information such as age, sex, religion, and others , and hobbies are never
mentioned in a resume. Many people include such particulars in the CV. A bio-data, on
the other hand always include such personal particular.

CV CURRICULUM VITAE

CV is a Latin word meaning “course of life”. Curriculum vitae (CV) is therefore a

regular or particular course of study pertaining to education and life. A CV is
moredetailed than a resume, usually 2 to 3 pages, but can run even longer as per the
requirement .

A CV generally lists out every skills, jobs, degrees, and professional affiliations the
applicant has acquired, usually in chronological order. A CV displays general talent rather
than specific skills for any specific positions.

RESUME

Resume is a French word meaning “summary”, signifies a summary of one’s employment,

education, and other skills, used in applying for a new position . A resume does not exceed
one page of an A4 sheet . They do not list out all the education and qualifications, but only
highlight specific skills.

A resume is usually broken into bullets and written in the third person to appear objective
and formal. A good resume starts with a brief summary of qualifications , followed by
areas of strength or industry expertise in keywords, followed by professional experience in
reserve chronological order.

Focus is on the most recent experiences, and prior experiences summarized. The content
aims at providing the reader a balance of responsibilities and accomplishments for each
position. After work experience come professional affiliations, computer skills, and
education.

A resume is ideally suited when applying for middle and senior level positions, where
experience and specific skills rather than education is important. Resumes present at
summary of highlights and allow the prospective employer to scan through the document
to see it your skills match their available positions.

TYPES OF RESUME

There are several basic typed of resumes used to apply job openings. Depending on your
personal circumstances, choose a chronological, a functional, combination, or a targeted
resume.

CHRONOLOGICAL RESUME

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 A chronological resume starts by listing your work history, with the most recent position
listed first. Your jobs are listed in reverse chronological order with your current, or
most recent job, first. Employers typically prefer this type of resume because it’s easy to
see what jobs you have held and when you have worked at them. This type of resume
works well for job seekers with a strong, solid work history.

FUNCTIONAL RESUME

A functional resume focuses on your skills and experience, rather than on your
chronological work history. It is used most often by people who are changing careers or
who have gaps in their employment history.

COMBINATION RESUME

A combination resume lists your skills and experience first. Your employment history is
listed next. With this type of resume you can highlight the skills you have that are relevant
to the job you are applying for, and also provide the chronological work history that
employers prefer.

TARGETED RESUME

A targeted resume is a resume that is customized so that is specifically highlights the

experience and skills you have that are relevant to the job you are applying for.

MINI RESUME

A mini resume contains a brief summary of your career highlights and qualifications .It can be
used for networking purposes or shared upon request from a prospective employer or reference
writer who may want to overview of your accomplishments, rather than a full length resume.

INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT RESUME

 In completely or inaccurately addressed CVs and CV over letters were rejected

immediately by 83% of HR departments.
 CVs and cover letters addressed to a named person were significantly favoured over
those addressed to a generic job title by 65% of HR departments.
 Over 60% of HR departments said that the inclusion of photograph with the CV
adversely affected their opinion of the applicant.

CV WRITING TIPS

Today’s job market is competitive. Many companies receive hundreds of resumes a year,
making it difficult for you to stand out from the crowd. However, that should not keep you from
getting interviews. The following tips will help you learn how to get employers to read your
resume and get your phone ringing.

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1. DO YOU RESEARCH

Read the job posting carefully to ascertain what your prospective employer is looking for.
In order to meet his needs, you must know what he wants. Once you have figured out
what he wants, enquire about his line of business and his corporate philosophy.

2 USE ACTION VERBS

Start your sentences which action verbs to show that you are proactive and result –
oriented. This will help you focus on your accomplishments.
An action verb at the beginning of a sentence will most likely catch your
prospective employer’s attention. Remember to alternate the verbs that you use.
3. WRITE CLEAR AND CONCISE SENTENCES

Keep your sentences short and to the point. Convey only one idea per sentence.

If possible, use bullets. Bullets make it easier for someone to scan through your resume
and absorb the information.

4. RESTRICT YOUR USE OF ARTICLES TO A MINIMUM

In order to save valuable space on your resume and put as much focus on your
accomplishments, avoid using articles such as “the”, “an”, or “a”.

5. NEVER USE “I” OR OTHER PRONOUNS TO IDENTIFY YOURSELF

Keep your resume to the third person (meaning that you should not be the narrator). This
will make your resume look more professional and will give more credence to your
accomplishments.

6. USE PROFESSIONAL LANGUAGE

Use professional language in your resume. You want to convey the impression that you
are presentable, reliable, and professional.

7. USE AREA-SPECIFIC TERMINOLOGY

If you have a specialization, use terminology specific to your area of expertise. This will
show that you know your “stuff”.
8. TAILOR YOUR QUALIFICATIONS TO THE JOB
Determine your job objective and customize your resume to achieve that objective. This
will help you tailor your resume for the specific job that you are applying to.

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9. PRIORITIZE THE CONTENT OF YOUR RESUME

Some of your past work experiences or accomplishments will be more relevant to the job
than others. Prioritize the more relevant information. Put what is more relevant higher on
the page or first in an enumeration.

10. USE “PAIR” STATEMENTS

“PAR” Stands for problem-Action-Result. In order to sell to your employer the benefits
of your skills, you need to show concrete examples of what you did in your previous
functions. Simply showing what you did is not enough. You also need to show what you
“contributed”.
11. SCREEN OUT NECESSARY OR IRRELEVANT INFORMATION
Don’t include In your resume personal information such as your age, marital status, or
height and weight. Focus on your skills and what you can bring to the job.
12. BE POSITIVE
Avoid being negative in your resume. Omit the negative information or filter it out by
rephrasing a negative experience into a positive one using PAR statements.
13. BE AS SPECIFIC AS POSSIBLE
Be as specific as possible regarding your accomplishments. Quantify your experience
where possible. Cite numerical figures. The more concrete details you provide, the
more credible you become.

14. PROOF READ YOUR RESUME MANY TIME

When proofreading your resume attention to details. Get into the habit of reading
through your resume slowly. Don’t skim through it.
15. HAVE A TRSUTED FRIEND OR FAMILY MEMBER PROOFREAD YOUR
RESUME
Have someone else you trust take a look at your resume. Be open to his or her
comments. What may look clear or obvious to you may not be so for a third party.

Your prospective employer knows nothing about you except for what is written in
your resume and cover letter.
You have to make sure that you are as clear as possible. The best way is to “test” your
resume on someone else first before you present it to your prospective employer.
In short, remember the following while writing your CV:
 Include a profile
 Keep the resume short
 Give importance to both contents and looks
 Clearly identify your skills
 List your educational and professional qualifications

66
 Focus on your job responsibilities in case of mentioning experiences
 Add related qualifications and interests
 Be honest with your resume, never say a lie
 Always attach a covering letter
 Proofread your resume

CV/RESUME PREPARATION-THE DOS

 Consider a bulleted style to make your resume as reader-friendly as possible.
 Consider a resume design that is different from others.
 List you qualifications in reverse chronological order.
 Quantify whenever possible – use number and percentage.
 List your achievements, trophies, medals won
 Proofread carefully.
 Remember to sign.

CV/RESUME PREPARATION-THE DON’TS

 Don’t go beyond two pages with your CV/ resume
 Don’t ever lie on your CV/ resume
 Don’t use personal pronouns (I, me, myself, my).
 Don’t list too much experience on your CV\resume.
 Don’t list high school unless asked for.
 Don’t include your height and weight.
 Don’t list references unless asked.
 Don’t mention words that may frustrate the employer.
 Don’t mention the reasons why you left your last employment.

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 Important questions :
1.What are the soft skill?

2. What are the different between skills and hard skills?

3.State some important soft skills ?

4.State the importance of soft skills present scenario

5.Explain the various attributes that regarded as soft skills ?

6.State the meaning of self discovery ?

7.What do you mean by SWOT analysis ?

8.How can self discovery help us in improving oneself ?

9.State different steps to be taken to know oneself ?

10. What is a career?

11. What is career planning?

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12. What are the factors influencing one’s career?

13. Explainthe various steps to be considered while choosing a career?

14. Explain the guidelines for choosing a career?

15. How can career goals be developed?

16. There is a direct relationship between one’s goals and career plamming comment?

17. What is listening?

18. State the importance of listening?

19. What is active listening?

20. Distinguish between good listeners and bad listeners?

21. State the traits of a poor listener?

22. State the difficulties faced by the listening?

23. Explain the Salient features of god listening

24. What are the various kinds of listening?

25. Explain the steps to be taken by the listeners to listen actively?

26. What is group discussion?

27. Is debate and group discussion one and the same?

28. What are the aims of conducting a group discussion?

29. What are the traits tested in a groupdiscussion?

30. Explain the character tested in a group discussion?

31. Explain the do’s and don’ts in a group discussion?

32. Explain the preparations to be carried out in a group discussion

33. Explain the advantages of being the started of a group discussion?

34. What is etiquette?

35. What is mannerism?

36. What is the difference between the etiquette and mannerism?

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37. What are the benefits of having a good etiquette?

38. Explain the different types of etiquette?

39. State some examples that indicates good manners?

40. State the role of manners at the work place?

41. Manners fetches respect for you – comment

42. What is a resume?

43. What is a curriculum vita?

44. What is the difference between resume and curriculum vitae?

45. What is the general design of a resume?

46. State the different types of a resume?

47. Explain the presentation part of a resume?

48. Explain the dos and don’ts in resume writing?

49. Explain the important content of a resume?

50. What is stress interview?

51. Explain the benefits of stress interview?

52. List out the traits tested in an interview?

53. Explain the different types of interview?

54. Explain the do’s and don’ts in a telephonic interview?

55. Explain the features of time?

56. What is the time management matrix?

57. Analysis of time matrix?

58. Effective scheduling?

59. What is grouping of activities?

60. What are the five steps to successful time management?

61. Explain the time management tips for students?

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 Additionally the sheer number of highly qualified people searching for jobs increases the need
for employers to find some method of cutting down the numbers. However this should not scare
of potential candidates; as long as you are prepared, nothing should unsettle you.

71