Scribd
Upload
163 views2 pages

Original PDF

1. The document provides specifications for a rear-wheel drive car without an engine, including the car's weight, wheelbase, drivetrain efficiency, wheel radius, gear ratio, and center of gravity location. 2. It states that an engine's weight will be added to the front of the car and will shift the center of gravity forward, and asks to calculate the engine size that results in maximum available tractive effort. 3. The solution calculates tractive effort formulas for the engine and rolling resistance, then uses these to derive a formula for maximum tractive effort based on the car's specifications. This is set equal to the engine tractive effort formula and solved to determine the optimal engine torque of 122

Uploaded by

Alexander P Belka
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
163 views2 pages

Original PDF

1. The document provides specifications for a rear-wheel drive car without an engine, including the car's weight, wheelbase, drivetrain efficiency, wheel radius, gear ratio, and center of gravity location. 2. It states that an engine's weight will be added to the front of the car and will shift the center of gravity forward, and asks to calculate the engine size that results in maximum available tractive effort. 3. The solution calculates tractive effort formulas for the engine and rolling resistance, then uses these to derive a formula for maximum tractive effort based on the car's specifications. This is set equal to the engine tractive effort formula and solved to determine the optimal engine torque of 122

Uploaded by

Alexander P Belka
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

2.10 An engineer designs a rear-wheel–drive car (without an engine) that weighs 2000 lb.

and has a 100-inch


wheelbase, drivetrain efficiency of 80%, 14-inch– radius wheels, an overall gear reduction ratio of 10 to 1,
and a center of gravity (without engine) that is 22 inches above the roadway surface and 55 inches behind
the front axle. An engine that weighs 3 lb. for each ft-lb of developed torque is to be placed in the front
portion of the car. Calculations show that for every 20 lb. of engine weight added, the car’s center of gravity
moves 1 inch closer to the front axle (but stays at the same height above the roadway surface). If the car is
starting from rest on a level paved roadway with a coefficient of adhesion of 0.8, select an engine size (weight
and associated torque) that will result in the highest possible available tractive effort.

Solution
1- Calculate the engine-generated tractive effort 𝐹𝑒 using the formula:
𝑀𝑒 𝜀𝑜 𝜂𝑑
𝐹𝑒 =
𝑟
Substitute 10 for 𝜀𝑜 , 0.80 for 𝜂𝑑 , and 14 in. for 𝑟.

𝑀𝑒 × 10 × 0.8
𝐹𝑒 = = (6.86 𝑀𝑒 ) Ib (1)
1 ft
(14 in. × 12 in.)

2- Calculate the coefficient of rolling friction (𝑓𝑟𝑙 ) using the formula:


𝑉
𝑓𝑟𝑙 = 0.01 (1 + )
147

Consider car is at rest, so 𝑉 is zero.


Substitute 0 mi/h for 𝑉 :
mi 5280 ft 1h
(0 × 1 mi × 3600 s)
𝑓𝑟𝑙 = 0.01 (1 + h ) = 0.01
147

3- Calculate the maximum tractive effort (𝐹max) for rear – wheel drive car using the formula:

𝜇𝑊(𝑙𝑓 − 𝑓𝑟𝑙 ℎ)
[ ]
𝐿
𝐹max =
𝜇ℎ
1−( 𝐿 )

4- Consider for each 1 ft-Ib of torque developed 3 Ib of weight is added to the car. So, the weight of the car
is (𝑊0 + 3𝑊𝑒 ). For every 20 Ib of engine weight added, the car's center of gravity moves 1 inch closer to
3×1
the front axle. Thus, the distance from car's center of gravity to front axle is (𝑙𝑓 − 𝑀𝑒 ).
20
Here, 𝑊0 is initial weight of the car (without engine)

3×1
Substitute 0.8 for 𝜇, (2000+3 𝑀𝑒 ) for 𝑊 , (55 − 𝑀𝑒 ) for𝑙𝑓 , 0.01 for 𝑓𝑟𝑙 , 22 inches for ℎ, 100 inches
20
for 𝐿 :

3×1
(0.8)(2000 + 3 𝑀𝑒 ) ((55 − 20 𝑀𝑒 ) − (0.01)(22))
[ ]
100
𝐹max =
0.8 × 22
1 − ( 100 )
3×1
(1600 + 2.4 𝑀𝑒 ) ((55 − 𝑀𝑒 ) − 0.22)
[ 20 ]
100
=
0.824

88000 − 240 𝑀𝑒 − 352 + 132 𝑀𝑒 − 0.528 𝑀𝑒 2


[ ]
100
=
0.824

−0.36 𝑀𝑒 2 − 108.52 𝑀𝑒 − 87648


[ ]
100
=[ ] Ib
0.824

5- Equate Equations (1) and (2).

−0.36 𝑀𝑒 2 − 108.52 𝑀𝑒 − 87648


[ ]
100
6.86 𝑀𝑒 = [ ] Ib
0.824

−0.36 𝑀𝑒 2 − 108.52 𝑀𝑒 − 87648


5.653 𝑀𝑒 = ( )
100

5.653 𝑀𝑒 = −0.36 𝑀𝑒 2 − 108.52 𝑀𝑒 − 87648


−0.36 𝑀𝑒 2 − 673.828 𝑀𝑒 − 87648 = 0

Simplify the expression.


𝑀𝑒 = 122.11 ft − Ib

Thus, the torque of the engine is 122.11 ft-Ib.

6- Calculate the weight of the car with engine (𝑊) from the following relation:

𝑊 = 𝑊0 + 3𝑀𝑒 = 2000 + 3(122.11) = 2366.33 Ib

Thus, the weight of the car with engine is 2366.33 Ib.

You might also like