1.

Naturally acquired active immunity would be most likely acquired through which
of the following processes?
a. vaccination
b. drinking colostrum
c. natural birth
d. infection with disease causing organism followed by recovery.
2. Which of the following convey the longest lasting immunity to an infectious
agent?
a. Naturally acquired passive immunity
b. Artificially acquired passive immunity
c. Naturally acquired active immunity
d. All of these
e. None of these
3. Which of the following substances will not stimulate an immune response unless
they are bound to a larger molecule?
a. Antigen
b. Virus
c. Hapten
d. Miligen
e. Antibody
4. B and T cells are produced by stem cells that are formed in:
a. Bone marrow
b. The liver
c. The circulatory system
d. The spleen
e. The lymph nodes
5. B cells mature in the……….. while T cells mature in the
a. Thymus/bone marrow and gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT)
b. Spleen/bone marrow and GALT
c. Bone marrow and GALT/Thymus
d. Liver/Kidneys
6. Which of the following immune cells/molecules are most effective at destroying
intracellular pathogens?
a. T helper cells
b. B cells
c. Antibodies
d. Complement
e. T cytolytic cells
7. A living microbe with reduced virulence that is used for vaccination is considered:
a. A toxoid
b. Dormant
c. Virulent
d. Attenuated
e. Denatured
8. B cells that produce and release large amounts of antibody are called:
a. Memory cells
 b. Basophils
c. Plasma cells
d. Killer cells
e. Neutrophils
9. The specificity of an antibody is due to
a. its valence
b. The heavy chains
c. The Fc portion of the molecule
d. The variable portion of the heavy and light chain
10. In agglutination reactions, the antigen is a………
in precipitation reactions, the antigen is a……………
a. whole cell/soluble molecule
b. Soluble molecule/whole cell
c. Bacterium/virus
d. Protein/carbohydrates
e. Protein/Antibody
11. B Cells are activated by
a. Complement
b. Antibody
c. Interferon
d. Memory cells
e. Antigen
12. Fusion between a plasma cell and a tumor cell creates a
a. Myeloma
b. Natural killer cell
c. Lymphoblast
d. Lymphoma
e. Hybridoma
13. Monoclonal antibodies recognize a single:
a. Antigen
b. Bacterium
c. Epitope
d. B cell
e. Virus
14. Cell mediated immunity is carried out by………….. while humoral immunity is
mainly carried out by………………..
a. B cells/T cells
b. Epitopes/Antigens
c. T cells/B cells
d. Antibodies/Antigens
e. Antibodies/Phagocytes
15. The ability of the immune system to recognize self antigens versus nonself
antigen is an example of:
a. Specific immunity
b. Tolerance
c. Cell mediated immunity
 d. Antigenic immunity
e. Humoral immunity
16 ,The  chain of the FcRI:

 A  Binds IgE.

 B  Is associated with Lyn.

 C  Contains a GPI-anchor.

 D  Possesses an ITIM sequence.

 E  Is also used by FcRII.

17,   Which one of the following mast cell products is not preformed and therefore has to be newly
synthesized?:

 A  Histamine.

 B  Prostaglandin D2.

 C  Heparin.

 D  Neutral protease.

 E  Eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECF).

18  Type I hypersensitivity can be blocked using:

 A  Histamine.

 B  An IgA myeloma.

 C  A myeloma protein of mixed antibody class.

 D  Sodium cromoglycate.

 E  Interleukin-5.
19 Lol p1-11V are allergens cloned from:
 A  Rye grass pollen.

 B  House dust mite.

 C  House dust mite feces.

 D  Animal danders.

 E  Dermatophagoides pteryonyssinus.
20 A major unresolved question concerning ADCC is:
 A  Whether antibody is involved.

 B  Whether it can be carried out by NK cells.

 C  Whether it leads to cell death.

 D  Whether it is complement-dependent.

 E  To what extent it occurs in vivo.

21, The term reactive lysis usually refers to a sequence of events involving:
  A  Natural killer (NK) cells.

 B  Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL).

 C  Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC).

 D  Th1 cells.

 E  Complement.
22, Maple bark stripper's disease is a hypersensitivity largely affecting the:

 A  Skin.

 B  Kidneys.

 C  Nervous system.

 D  Lung.

 E  Platelets.
23,  Dead Wuchereria bancrofti can cause:
 A  Elephantiasis.

 B  Erythema nodosum leprosum.

 C  Serum sickness.

 D  Pigeon fancier's disease.

 E  Farmer's lung.
24, Chronic granuloma represents an attempt by the body to:

 A  Wall off a site of chronic infection.

 B  Make a site of chronic infection accessible.

 C  Digest antibody-antigen complexes.

 D  Initiate an immune response.

 E  Change from a Th1 to a Th2 type of response.

25,   In thyroid autoimmunity, an antibody causing type V hypersensitivity may be present and is directed
against:

 A  Thyroglobulin.

 B  Thyroid peroxidase.

 C  Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor.

 D  Acetylcholine receptor.

 E  Thyroxine.
26,   Which type of hypersensitivity cannot be transferred with serum antibody?:
 A  Type I.

 B  Type II.

 C  Type III.
  D  Type IV.

 E  Type V.
27, Anaphylaxis can be triggerred by cross-linking of IgE receptors on:
 A  Monocytes.

 B  Mast cells.

 C  B-cells.

 D  Eosinophils.

 E  Neutrophils.
28,  Rhesus hemolytic disease of the newborn involves:
 A  IgE.

 B  Antibody to cell surfaces.

 C  Soluble immune complexes.

 D  Cytokine release from T-cells.

 E  Stimulatory antibodies.
29.  The Arthus reaction is characterized by an intense infiltration by:

 A  Mast cells.

 B  Neutrophils.

 C  Eosinophils.

 D  Macrophages.

 E  Langerhans' cells.
30,  Type IV hypersentivity is often referred to as:
 A  Immediate.

 B  Delayed.

 C  Anaphylactic.

 D  Anergic.

 E  Allotypic.
31, The injection of tuberculin into the skin of a sensitized individual elicits:
 A  Immune complex glomerulonephritis.

 B  Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction.

 C  Isohemagglutinins.

 D  Jones-Mote sensitivity.

 E  Mantoux reaction.
32, The major effector molecules involved in type IV hypersensitivity reactions are:
  A  Antibodies.

 B  Complement components.

 C  Cytokines.

 D  Prostaglandins.

 E  5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT).
33,  Septic shock associated with Gram-negative bacteria is primarily due to:

 A  Lipopolysaccharide.

 B  Enterotoxin superantigen.

 C  Platelet aggregation.

 D  Switch off of cytokine release.

 E  Peptidoglycans.
34,
A(n) ____ is a multisubunit protein produced by B cells that binds to foreign
substances and alters components of the immune system.

A)antibody

B)cytokine
 C)antigen

D)none of the above

44

A(n) ____ is a multisubunit protein produced by B cells that binds to foreign

substances and alters components of the immune system.

A)antibody

B)cytokine

C)antigen

D)none of the above

45.

T cells provide the ____ response.

A)humoral immune

B)cellular immune

C)inherited immune

D)progressive immune
 Feedback: Incorrect: Please review
section 16.2 in your textbook and try
again!

A transplant that occurs between species,

3 INCORRECT
such as human and a pig, is called a(n)

A)autograft. .

B)isograft.

C)allograft.

D)xenograft.

Feedback: Incorrect: Please review

section 16.4 in your textbook and try
again!

Which blood type can be transfused to an

4 INCORRECT
individual whose blood type is unknown?

A)AB +

B)AB -

C)O +

D)O -

Feedback: Incorrect: Please review

section 16.1 in your textbook and try
again!

A couple expecting their second child is

worried about Rh incompatibility. Their first
5 INCORRECT child was Rh +. They have their blood
typed. Which result would be cause for
alarm?

A)both parents Rh -

B)both parents Rh +

C)man Rh ( and woman Rh +

D)man Rh + and woman Rh -

 Feedback: Incorrect: Please review
section 16.1 in your textbook and try
again!

Allergens stimulate the production of ____

6 CORRECT antibodies that bind to mast cells, causing
them to release allergy mediators.

A)IgA

B)IgD

C)IgE

D)IgG

Feedback: Correct!

Which antibody type protects against

7 INCORRECT bacteria, viruses, and toxins, especially in
secondary immune responses?

A)IgA

B)IgD

C)IgE

D)IgG

Feedback: Incorrect: Please review

section 16.2 in your textbook and try
again!

Severe combined immune deficiencies

8 INCORRECT
affect which branch of the immune system?

A)humoral

B)cellular

C)both

D)neither

Feedback: Incorrect: Please review

section 16.3 in your textbook and try
again!
 Which of the following statements about
9 CORRECT
crowd diseases is true?

A)Crowd diseases are very difficult

to bring under control and may
linger for many months.

B)The diseases that killed early

Native Americans cannot be
classified as crowd diseases.

C)Crowd diseases tend to pass

from those who live in large
societies to those who live in
smaller, more isolated societies.

D)We don't expect new crowd

diseases to emerge in the
future.

Feedback: Correct!

Humoral immunity can be boosted using

10 INCORRECT

A)monoclonal antibody technology.

B)treatment with interferon.

C)treatment with interleukin-2.

D)treatment with cytokines.

Feedback: Incorrect: Please review

section 16.2 in your textbook and try
again!

Which of the following is not an HLA-linked

11 CORRECT
disease?

A)narcolepsy

B)ankylosing spondylitis

C)Reiter's disease

D)all of the above are HLA-

associated
 Feedback: Correct!

Which of the following is not part of the

12 CORRECT
nonspecific, innate defense?

A)phagocytosis

B)unbroken skin

C)inflammatory response

D)fever

Feedback: Correct!

____ are cytokines that cause fever,

temporarily maintaining a higher body
13 INCORRECT
temperature that directly kills some
infecting bacteria and viruses.

A)Interferons

B)Interleukins

C)Tumor necrosis factors

D)Collectins

Feedback: Incorrect: Please review

section 16.2 in your textbook and try
again!

The specific parts of the antibody molecule

14 UNANSWERED
that bind the antigen are called

A)interleukins.

B)heavy chains.

C)antigen binding sites.

D)idiotypes.

15 CORRECT Helper T cells secrete ____ which stimulate

white blood cells to mature in bone
 marrow.

A)interleukins

B)interferons

C)colony stimulating factors

D)tumor necrosis factors

Feedback: Correct!

____ cells coordinate innate and acquired

16 CORRECT
immune responses.

A)Helper T

B)Cytotoxic T

C)Gamma-delta T

D)B

Feedback: Correct!

Mutations encoding ____ cause inherited

17 INCORRECT
immune deficiencies.

A)cytokine genes

B)T cell receptors

C)antibody genes

D)all of the above

Feedback: Incorrect: Please review

section 16.3 in your textbook and try
again!

People who cannot produce a complete

18 INCORRECT
____ protein resist HIV infection.

A)CD4

B)CCR5
 C)cytotoxin

D)AIDS

Feedback: Incorrect: Please review

section 16.3 in your textbook and try
again!

A transplant that occurs between identical

19 INCORRECT
twins is called a(n)

A)autograft.

B)isograft.

C)allograft.

D)xenograft.

Feedback: Incorrect: Please review

section 16.4 in your textbook and try
again!

20 CORRECT Bioweapons

A)have been used for centuries

B)employ pathogens to harm

innocent people

C)are inexpensive and fairly easy

to produce

D)All of the above are true

regarding bioweapons.

Feedback: Correct!

Which of the below provide evidence

suggesting that allergies may be a holdover
21 INCORRECT
of an immune function that was important
in the past?

A)people with allergies have higher

levels of eosinophils

B)people with allergies have higher

 levels of T cells

C)people with allergies have lower

levels of eosinophils

D)people with allergies have lower

levels of T cells

Feedback: Incorrect: Please review

section 16.3 in your textbook and try
again!

22 INCORRECT The polio vaccine uses

A)an attenuated pathogen.

B)an inactivated toxin.

C)part of the pathogen surface.

D)"naked" DNA from the pathogen.

Feedback: Incorrect: Please review

section 16.4 in your textbook and try
again!

Monoclonal antibodies are produced by a

23 INCORRECT
fused cell consisting of

A)a B cell and a T cell.

B)a B cell and a cancer cell.

C)a mast cell and a macrophage.

D)none of the above.

Feedback: Incorrect: Please review

section 16.4 in your textbook and try
again!

B cells secrete
24 INCORRECT

A)cytokines.

B)antibodies.
 C)antigens.

D)helper T cells.

Feedback: Incorrect: Please review

section 16.2 in your textbook and try
again!

A major advancement in transplantation

25 INCORRECT technology occurred in 1984 when ____
was transplanted into "Baby Fae."

A)a baboon liver

B)baboon bone marrow

C)a baboon heart

D)a pig liver

Allergy is an exaggerated immune
response that is manifested by
what reaction?

A)Immunopathology

B)Hypersensitivity

C)Inflammation

D)Fever

E)Autoimmunity

Feedback: See "Overreactions to Antigens:

Allergy/Hypersensitivity" for help answering this
question.

Which of the categories of hypersensitivities involves a T-

2 INCORRECT
cell response?

A)Type I

B)Type II

C)Type III

D)Type IV
 E)Types I-IV

Feedback: Review "Overreactions to Antigens:

Allergy/Hypersensitivity" as well as Table 17.1 and
Figure 17.1 for relevant information.

3 INCORRECT Which category of hypersensitivities is IgE-mediated?

A)Type I

B)Type II

C)Type III

D)Type IV

E)Types II and III

Feedback: Examine Table 17.1 and the section in

the text entitled "Overreactions to Antigens:
Allergy/Hypersensitivity" for helpful information.

4 INCORRECT What type of allergens are the most allergenic?

A)Carbohydrates

B)Proteins

C)Nucleic acids

D)Fats

E)Haptens

Feedback: Review "The Nature of Allergens and

Their Portals of Entry" for help answering this
question.

What sets the stage for the reactions that occur upon
5 INCORRECT repeated exposure to the same allergen in a type I
hypersensitivity reaction?

A)The release of the allergenic particles

into the tissue fluids and lymphatics

B)Recognition of the allergen by B and T

cells
 C)Proliferation and differentiation of B
cells into plasma cells

D)Secretion of IgE by plasma cells

E)Binding of IgE to mast cells and

basophils

Feedback: Reread the section in the text entitled

"The Physiology of IgE-Mediated Allergies" and
examine Figure 17.3 for useful information.

Mast cells have important roles in the development of

6 INCORRECT allergies. This is due to all but which of the following
reasons.

A)Their tendency to degranulate

B)Their cytoplasmic granules that

contain physiologically active
chemicals

C)Their ubiquitous location in tissues

D)Their ability to produce IgE

E)Their capacity to bind IgE during

sensitization

Feedback: Review "The Role of Mast Cells and

Basophils" for information on the importance of
mast cells in allergies.

What is the most abundant and fastest acting cytokine

7 INCORRECT
released by mast cells?

A)Serotonin

B)Histamine

C)Bradykinin

D)Leukotriene

E)Platelet-activating factor

Feedback: Closely review the section in the text

entitled "Cytokines, Target Organs, and Allergic
Symptoms" for information relevant to this
 question.

What differs between atopy and anaphylaxis?

8 INCORRECT

A)The allergen that triggers the response

B)The site of the reaction

C)The concentrations of the chemical

mediators released

D)The organ systems targeted by the

chemical mediators

E)The types of chemical mediators

released

Feedback: The section in the text entitled

"Anaphylaxis: An Overpowering Systemic Reaction"
contains information relevant to this question.

What is injected into patients undergoing allergic

9 INCORRECT
desensitization?

A)IgG antibodies

B)IgE antibodies

C)Monoclonal antibodies against IgE

D)Corticosteroids

E)Pure allergen to which the patient is

allergic

Feedback: Review the section in the text entitled

"Therapy to Counteract Allergies" for help
answering this question.

A person with type A blood has what type of ABO

10 INCORRECT
antibodies in their plasma?

A)Anti-O

B)Anti-A

C)Anti-B
 D)Anti-A and Anti-B

E)Neither Anti-A nor Anti-B

Feedback: See "Antibodies Against A and B

Antigens" in the text, and examine Table 17.3 and
Figure 17.10 for helpful information.

Why are people with type O blood known as universal

11 INCORRECT
donors?

A)Because antibodies against A and B

antigens are not present in their
plasma.

B)Because their plasma contains

antibodies against both A and B
antigens.

C)Because A and B antigens are present

on their red blood cells.

D)Because neither A nor B antigens are

present on their red blood cells.

E)Because type O blood is the most

common blood type in the United
States.

Feedback: Review "Clinical Concerns in

Transfusions," along with Figures 17.9 and 17.10
and Table 17.3 for help answering this question.

The maternal antibodies that cross the placenta and lead

12 INCORRECT to the development of erythroblastosis fetalis are of what
class?

A)IgM

B)IgA

C)IgD

D)IgG

E)IgE

Feedback: Review the section of the text entitled

"Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn and Rh
Incompatibility" for helpful information.
 In what manner does a type III hypersensitivity reaction
13 INCORRECT
differ from a type II hypersensitivity reaction?

A)The antigens involved in a type III

reaction are not bound to a cell's
surface, while those involved in a type
II reaction are bound to the surface.

B)Type III is an immediate

hypersensitivity, while type II is a
delayed hypersensitivity reaction.

C)Type III hypersensitivities involve IgE,

while type II hypersensitivities involve
IgG and IgM.

D)Type III hypersensitivities are T-cell

mediated, while type II
hypersensitivities are B-cell mediated.

E)Type III hypersensitivities involve

complement, while type II
hypersensitivities do not.

Feedback: Examine Figure 17.13, along with the

section in the text entitled "Type III
Hypersensitivities: Immune Complex Reactions" for
further information.

All but which of the following statements characterizes an

14 INCORRECT
Arthus reaction?

A)It is a systemic reaction.

B)It depends on the formation of IgG,

IgM, or IgA antibodies.

C)The onset of symptoms is delayed.

D)Large doses of antigen are required

for its initiation.

E)It is a localized reaction.

Feedback: Review "Types of Immune Complex

Disease" for help answering this question.

Which theory on the origination of autoimmune diseases

15 INCORRECT states that type I diabetes is triggered by a viral
infection?
 A)Theory of immune deficiency

B)Molecular mimicry

C)Clonal selection theory

D)Sequestered antigen theory

E)Type III hypersensitivity

Feedback: Reread the section in the text regarding

"The Origins of Autoimmune Disease" for helpful
information.

16 INCORRECT Which of the following is not an autoimmune disease?

A)SLE

B)Type I diabetes

C)Serum sickness

D)Rheumatoid arthritis

E)Multiple sclerosis

Feedback: Review Figures 17.15 and 17.16, Table

17.4, and the section in the text entitled "Examples
of Autoimmune Disease" for help answering this
question.

A positive tuberculin skin test is an example of what type

17 INCORRECT
of hypersensitivity reaction?

A)Type I

B)Type II

C)Type III

D)Type IV

E)Types II and III

Feedback: Review "Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity"

in the text and examine Figure 17.18 for help
answering this question.
 What cells initially recognize grafted foreign tissue and
18 CORRECT
begin the process of rejection?

A)Helper T cells

B)B cells

C)Macrophages

D)Stem cells

E)Cytotoxic T cells

Feedback: Correct!

When a person consents to be an organ donor upon

19 CORRECT his/her death, what is the most likely procedure that will
be performed with the donated organs?

A)Xenograft

B)Allograft

C)Isograft

D)Autograft

E)Malograft

Feedback: Correct!

Which of the listed immunodeficiencies is typically more

20 INCORRECT
devastating?

A)Phagocytic defects

B)Complement defects

C)Granulocyte defects

D)B cell defects

E)T cell defects

Feedback: See "Clinical Deficiencies in T-Cell

 Development or Expression" to learn about
immunodeficiencies.

Although not yet a reality, scientists hope to use what

21 INCORRECT
procedure to treat both X-linked and ADA types of SCID?

A)Passive immunotherapy

B)Gene therapy

C)Desensitization

D)Bone marrow transplant

E)Chemotherapy

Feedback: "Review "Severe Combined

Immunodeficiencies: Dysfunction in B and T Cells"
for relevant information.

What are cancers that arise from embryonic connective

22 INCORRECT
tissue known as?

A)Sarcomas

B)Benign

C)Malignant

D)Neoplasias

E)Carcinomas

Feedback: Review "Characteristics and

Classification of Tumors and Cancers" for relevant
information.

Human papillomavirus inserts its genome into a host

chromosome, which disrupts usual cellular growth
23 INCORRECT
controls. This virus is strongly implicated in the
development of what?

A)T-cell leukemia

B)Burkitt lymphoma

C)Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
 D)Liver cancer

E)Cervical cancer

Feedback: Reread "The Role of Viruses in Cancer"

and examine Table 17.6 for additional information.

What is the name of the cellular chemical that controls

24 INCORRECT
phases of mitosis and cell growth?

A)Cyclosporine

B)Interleukin-2

C)Cyclin

D)Prostaglandin D1

E)GTP

Feedback: Examine Spotlight on Microbiology 17.6:

Hot on the Trail of Cancer Clues" for help answering
this question.

The primary types of cells that operate in surveillance and

25 CORRECT destruction of tumor cells are cytotoxic T cells, NK cells,
and what other cell type?

A)Macrophages

B)Dendritic cells

C)Neutrophils

D)Eosinophils

E)Monocytes