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cHEMISTRY Assignments Feb-June 2019

This document outlines 4 assignments for an analytical chemistry course from February to June 2019. Assignment 1 involves techniques for concentrating and purifying samples for gas chromatography analysis, microcrystallization, reflux, and liquid-liquid extraction. Assignment 2 focuses on techniques for extracting, isolating, and purifying essential oils from jatropha seeds and determining the boiling point of a new vegetable oil-based fuel. Assignment 3 describes drying techniques and using thin layer chromatography to analyze an athlete's sample for potential steroid use. Assignment 4 discusses factors for solvent selection in liquid-liquid extraction, using a Kuderna-Danish concentrator, calculating Rf values from a TLC experiment, and an overview of recrystallization.

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46 views1 page

cHEMISTRY Assignments Feb-June 2019

This document outlines 4 assignments for an analytical chemistry course from February to June 2019. Assignment 1 involves techniques for concentrating and purifying samples for gas chromatography analysis, microcrystallization, reflux, and liquid-liquid extraction. Assignment 2 focuses on techniques for extracting, isolating, and purifying essential oils from jatropha seeds and determining the boiling point of a new vegetable oil-based fuel. Assignment 3 describes drying techniques and using thin layer chromatography to analyze an athlete's sample for potential steroid use. Assignment 4 discusses factors for solvent selection in liquid-liquid extraction, using a Kuderna-Danish concentrator, calculating Rf values from a TLC experiment, and an overview of recrystallization.

Uploaded by

BORUTO ANIMEZONE
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CT 105 ASSIGNMENTS FEB-JUNE 2019

Assignment 1
(a) Describe the most appropriate technique for concentrating a 30ml crude extract of
pharmaceutical actives to about 3ml, so that it can be analysed on the GC. How would
you purify the sample? [15]
(c) Describe the technique and appropriate pieces of apparatus for micro crystallisation
[5]
(a) Reflux is reaction method used when substances require a long reaction time under
constant heat and pressure. Describe the principle and applications of this technique.
[6]
(b) With the aid of an appropriate example and diagrams, describe how you would carry
out LLE in the microscale laboratory. [15]

Assignment 2
(a) A series of essential oils in jatropha seeds are to be extracted, isolated and purified.
Describe an appropriate technique:-
i. for extraction of the oils from the seeds
ii. For isolation of the different fractions of oil.
iii. For purification of the oil fractions. [8,10,7]
(b) A new fuel has been developed using vegetable oil. Before it can be released on the
market, it has to be characterised and you have been tasked to determine its boiling
point. How would you do this? [5]

Assignment 3
(a) Describe the most appropriate technique and apparatus used for;
(i) Drying a 20ml sample of essential oils.
(ii) Simultaneous filtering and drying of 1.0ml of methanol solvent.
[10]
(b) An athlete is suspected of steroid use during competitions. Describe how you would
use Thin layer chromatography to verify if these allegations are true. [15]

Assignment 4
(a) Describe any 2 factors you would consider in selection of a solvent for liquid-liquid
extraction (LLE) using a separatory funnel. [6]
(b) Describe how you would concentrate trace fertilizer in a soil sample using the
Kuderna-Danish Concentrator. [7]
(c) A student was performing a TLC experiment to separate the constituents of black ink.
He noted a red spot 2.0 cm away from the base line and a blue spot 4.0 cm away from
the base line. The distance moved by the solvent was 10.0 cm. Calculate the Rf values
of the red and blue pigments. [3]
(d) Extraction is often followed by a purification stage. Recrystallisation is one such
method. Briefly describe how this works. [4]

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